ES2273577A1 - Application of fossils, rocks and ores for e.g. demonstration purposes consists of two stage molding with hardening of a three materials mixture - Google Patents
Application of fossils, rocks and ores for e.g. demonstration purposes consists of two stage molding with hardening of a three materials mixture Download PDFInfo
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- ES2273577A1 ES2273577A1 ES200501432A ES200501432A ES2273577A1 ES 2273577 A1 ES2273577 A1 ES 2273577A1 ES 200501432 A ES200501432 A ES 200501432A ES 200501432 A ES200501432 A ES 200501432A ES 2273577 A1 ES2273577 A1 ES 2273577A1
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- Prior art keywords
- replica
- mold
- extension
- primary
- materials
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
- B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
- B29C33/3857—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining by making impressions of one or more parts of models, e.g. shaped articles and including possible subsequent assembly of the parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/40—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for geology
Abstract
Description
Proceso de reproducción de fósiles, rocas y minerales, y producto obtenido.Reproduction process of fossils, rocks and minerals, and product obtained.
La invención pertenece al sector técnico de la fabricación de moldes y réplicas mediante la utilización de elastómeros para los moldes y una amplia variedad de materiales para las réplicas; y que tiene por objeto permitir obtener réplicas en las que se incorporan porciones de diferentes materiales para permitir realizar sobre los mismos distintos acabados que proporcionen un mayor realismo de la réplica obtenida.The invention belongs to the technical sector of the manufacture of molds and replicas by using elastomers for molds and a wide variety of materials for replicas; and which is intended to allow replicas to be obtained in which portions of different materials are incorporated for allow to perform on the same different finishes that provide greater realism of the replica obtained.
Actualmente la técnica de reproducción de fósiles, rocas y minerales tiene carácter didáctico y se basa en la utilización de un material fluido que se deposita sobre un molde elástico dotado de la forma de la pieza a reproducir, y una vez que el líquido se endurece, la réplica se extrae del molde y se le aplican los acabados superficiales necesarios para semejarla a la original. Estos acabados consisten en añadir sustancias tales como barnices o pinturas. El material utilizado en el vaciado está formado por un único material base, si bien éste suele cargarse con aditivos para modificar el peso, textura, evitar un calentamiento excesivo de la masa durante el fraguado o curado, o simplemente contribuir a mejorar la calidad del conjunto.Currently the reproduction technique of fossils, rocks and minerals has didactic character and is based on the use of a fluid material that is deposited on a mold elastic equipped with the shape of the piece to reproduce, and once the liquid hardens, the replica is removed from the mold and apply the surface finishes necessary to resemble it original. These finishes consist of adding substances such as varnishes or paints. The material used in the emptying is formed by a single base material, although this is usually loaded with additives to modify the weight, texture, avoid heating excessive dough during setting or curing, or simply contribute to improve the quality of the whole.
Los fósiles, rocas o minerales originales, son complejos y suelen estar formados por varios materiales muy distintos entre sí, de manera que las réplicas obtenidas por el procedimiento habitual no alcanzan un parecido suficiente para dar realismo a la réplica obtenida, todo ello a pesar de los distintos acabados.The original fossils, rocks or minerals are complex and usually consist of several very different from each other, so that the replicas obtained by the usual procedure do not reach a similar enough to give realism to the replica obtained, all in spite of the different finishes
La presente invención para alcanzar un alto grado de semejanza, prevé la utilización de varios materiales con distintos aspectos y naturaleza que endurecen en distintas fases dentro de diferentes moldes y que se conforman juntos en un molde único.The present invention to reach a high degree of similarity, provides for the use of various materials with different aspects and nature that harden in different phases inside different molds and that conform together in a mold only.
En este sentido pueden citarse los documentos de patentes US 4735752 y EP 0601980 en los que se describen métodos para formar partes moldeadas. En el primer caso se utiliza el molde original dos veces para obtener piezas con diferentes materiales, en el campo técnico de la taxidermia. En el segundo caso se trata de un procedimiento muy distinto, ya que prevé el empleo de un molde con dos partes, de materiales diferentes que se rellenan con diferentes sustancias para polimerizarlas juntas y obtener una réplica con dos materiales, en el que se obtiene una unión cuya estabilidad no es la idónea. El campo de aplicación en este caso también es distinto y pertenece al campo de la odontología. Pueden citarse otro tipo de documentos referentes a la reproducción de fósiles, como es el caso de las patentes CA2170541 y US6216896 que corresponden a juegos educativos. En otros casos, como las patentes US3769114 o US3917786, se basan en técnicas de proyección o trabajan sobre piezas planas.In this sense the documents of US Patents 4735752 and EP 0601980 in which methods are described to form molded parts. In the first case the mold is used Original twice to get pieces with different materials, in the technical field of taxidermy. In the second case it is of a very different procedure, since it provides for the use of a mold with two parts, of different materials that are filled with different substances to polymerize them together and get a replica with two materials, in which a union is obtained whose Stability is not ideal. The field of application in this case It is also different and belongs to the field of dentistry. They can cite other documents related to the reproduction of fossils, as is the case of patents CA2170541 and US6216896 that They correspond to educational games. In other cases, such as patents US3769114 or US3917786, are based on projection techniques or They work on flat pieces.
Para conseguir los objetivos anteriormente indicados, la invención, al igual que los documentos citados en el Estado de la Técnica, comprende el empleo de al menos dos materiales para obtener réplicas compuestas por al menos dos materiales, para lo que prevé la obtención de un molde primario, perteneciente a la reproducción a realizar, y obtener una réplica primaria en un primer material de la reproducción a realizar, y presenta la novedad de que una vez obtenida la réplica primaria, prevé efectuar la extracción, mediante el tallado de la réplica primaria, de la parte o partes que en la pieza original a reproducir son al menos de un material diferente respecto al resto de la pieza original a reproducir. A continuación se obtiene al menos un molde secundario de la parte o partes talladas y se obtiene una réplica secundaria, en al menos un segundo material, de la parte o partes talladas a partir del al menos molde secundario. Seguidamente se ubica la réplica secundaria en el interior del molde primario en las zonas correspondientes a dicha réplica secundaria, es decir el molde primario presenta la configuración completa de la pieza a reproducir, en cuyas zonas correspondientes a la parte o partes talladas, se ubican éstas, para a continuación rellenar el resto del molde primario de las zonas que no están ocupadas por las piezas talladas, con el mismo primer material utilizado para obtener la réplica primaria o mediante un tercer material, de forma que se obtiene una réplica final compuesta por al menos dos materiales.To achieve the objectives above indicated, the invention, as well as the documents cited in the State of the Art, includes the use of at least two materials to obtain replicas composed of at least two materials, for which it anticipates obtaining a primary mold, pertaining to the reproduction to be made, and obtain a replica primary in a first reproduction material to be performed, and presents the novelty that once the primary replica is obtained, plans to carry out the extraction, by carving the replica primary, of the part or parts that in the original piece to reproduce are at least of a different material compared to the rest of the original piece to reproduce. Then you get to minus a secondary mold of the carved part or parts and you get a secondary replica, in at least a second material, of the part or parts carved from the at least secondary mold. Then the secondary replica is located inside the primary mold in the areas corresponding to said replica secondary, ie the primary mold presents the configuration complete of the piece to reproduce, in whose corresponding areas to the carved part or parts, these are located, then fill in the rest of the primary mold of the areas that are not occupied by the carved pieces, with the same first material used to obtain the primary replica or by a third material, so that a final replica composed of At least two materials.
El tallado que se realiza para obtener la réplica secundaria prevé que dicha réplica secundaria comprenda una extensión perteneciente a porciones de la pieza original que son al menos de un material diferente y adicionalmente otras porciones contiguas a la anterior. Dichas extensiones corresponden a zonas ocultas de la pieza original para conseguir la unión estable entre los materiales que comprenden la réplica final, ya que dichas partes ocultas, que en la pieza original no son de un material diferente respecto al resto de dicha pieza original, posibilitan una unión mucho más estable entre las diferentes piezas, al tiempo que la réplica final incorpora diferentes materiales que permiten aplicar diferentes acabados que dotan a la replica de un realismo final mucho mayor.The carving that is done to obtain the secondary replica provides that said secondary replica comprises a extension belonging to portions of the original piece that are at least of a different material and additionally other portions next to the previous one. These extensions correspond to zones hidden from the original piece to achieve stable union between the materials that comprise the final replica, since said hidden parts, which in the original piece are not of a material different from the rest of said original piece, they allow a much more stable union between the different pieces, at the same time that the final replica incorporates different materials that allow apply different finishes that give the replica a realism much greater end.
En la realización preferente de la invención se prevé que la extensión de la réplica secundaria presenta una forma irregular para conseguir una unión de mayor estabilidad entre los diferentes materiales que componen la réplica final.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, provides that the extension of the secondary replica presents a form irregular to achieve a union of greater stability between different materials that make up the final replica.
Además la invención se refiere al producto obtenido mediante el proceso descrito, producto que se caracteriza porque comprende una primera parte de un material seleccionado entre un primer y un tercer material y al menos una segunda parte o partes de al menos un segundo material y que presenta una extensión perteneciente a porciones que en la pieza original son al menos de un material diferente respecto del resto de la pieza original y adicionalmente otras porciones contiguas a la anterior, correspondiendo dichas extensiones a porciones ocultas de la pieza original, que preferentemente presenta una forma irregular para que la unión entre los diferentes materiales tenga una alta estabilidad.In addition the invention relates to the product obtained by the described process, product that is characterized because it comprises a first part of a selected material between a first and a third material and at least a second part or parts of at least a second material and presenting an extension belonging to portions that in the original piece are at least a different material compared to the rest of the original piece and additionally other portions adjacent to the previous one, said extensions corresponding to hidden portions of the piece original, which preferably has an irregular shape so that the union between the different materials has a high stability.
La invención se aplica en colecciones, exposiciones permanentes, exposiciones temporales, didáctica y como material de intercambio o estudio.The invention is applied in collections, permanent exhibitions, temporary exhibitions, teaching and how exchange or study material.
A continuación para facilitar una mejor comprensión de esta memoria descriptiva y formando parte integrante de la misma, se acompañan una serie de figuras en las que con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado el objeto de la invención para explicar el proceso mediante la reproducción de una hemimandíbula de hiena.Next to facilitate a better understanding of this descriptive report and being an integral part of the same, they accompany a series of figures in which with illustrative and non-limiting nature the object has been represented of the invention to explain the process by reproduction of a hyena hemimandula.
Figura 1.- Muestra la obtención del molde primario.Figure 1.- Shows the obtaining of the mold primary.
Figura 2.- Muestra la réplica obtenida a partir del molde primario.Figure 2.- Shows the replica obtained from of the primary mold.
Figura 3.- Muestra el tallado a realizar sobre la réplica primaria mediante una línea de trazos que separa los dientes del hueso.Figure 3.- Shows the carving to be done on the primary replica using a dashed line that separates the bone teeth
Figura 4.- Muestra una vista de la pieza tallada, y una sección de la misma según la línea de corte A-B.Figure 4.- Shows a view of the piece carved, and a section of it according to the cutting line A-B
Figura 5.- Muestra la obtención del molde secundario a partir de la pieza tallada.Figure 5.- Shows the obtaining of the mold secondary from the carved piece.
Figura 6.- Muestra una vista de la réplica secundaria obtenida a partir del molde secundario.Figure 6.- Shows a view of the replica secondary obtained from the secondary mold.
Figura 7.- Muestra una vista del molde primario vacío preparado para alojar la réplica secundaria en su interior.Figure 7.- Shows a view of the primary mold vacuum prepared to accommodate the secondary replica in your inside.
Figura 8.- Muestra una vista según la sección C-D de la figura anterior.Figure 8.- Shows a view according to the section C-D of the previous figure.
Figura 9.- Muestra una vista seccionada del molde primario en el que se aloja la réplica secundaria y se procede a rellenar el molde primario con un material diferente al de la réplica secundaria.Figure 9.- Shows a sectional view of the primary mold in which the secondary replica is housed and proceed to fill the primary mold with a material other than of the secondary replica.
Figura 10.- Muestra una vista de la réplica final obtenida a partir del proceso realizado en la figura anterior.Figure 10.- Shows a view of the replica final obtained from the process performed in the figure previous.
Figura 11.- Muestra una vista según la sección A-F de la figura anterior.Figure 11.- Shows a view according to the section A-F of the previous figure.
A continuación se realiza una descripción de la invención basada en las figuras anteriormente comentadas.Below is a description of the invention based on the figures discussed above.
Con objeto de mostrar el método de obtención de réplicas de la invención, se ha elegido, tal y como ya fue comentado, una hemimandíbula de hiena ejemplo de fósil representativo para exponer el método.In order to show the method of obtaining replicas of the invention, it has been chosen, as it was already commented, a hyena hemimandible fossil representative to expose the method.
En primer lugar se obtiene un molde primario 1 con un elastómero de calidad como la silicona, sobre cuyos orificios de llenado (1a) y (1b) se introduce un primer material de vaciado de alta resolución como la escayola dental. A continuación tras solidificar la escayola dental, sobre el molde (1), se obtiene una réplica primaria (2) en la que se marca el límite de las piezas dentales y se talla (3) el contorno superficie o contacto con el hueso de la mandíbula, dejando una extensión (10), espiga, o plano subvertical amplio, que hace las veces de raíz de las piezas dentales de forma que se obtiene una talla (4) a partir de la cual se procede al moldeo de la pieza tallada (4), que representa la totalidad de las piezas dentales. De forma que se obtiene un molde secundario (5) en cuyas bocas de llenado (5a) y (5b) se aplica el vaciado (8) de un segundo material constituido por una resina ligeramente traslúcida de tipo poliéster, epoxi o poliuretano, ya que éste es el carácter original de los dientes.First, a primary mold 1 is obtained with a quality elastomer like silicone, on whose filling holes (1a) and (1b) a first material of high resolution emptying such as dental plaster. Then after solidifying the dental plaster, on the mold (1), it is obtained a primary replica (2) in which the limit of the pieces is marked dental and size (3) the surface contour or contact with the jaw bone, leaving an extension (10), spike, or flat broad subvertical, which serves as the root of the pieces dental so that you get a size (4) from which the carved part (4) is molded, which represents the all dental pieces. So you get a mold secondary (5) in whose filling nozzles (5a) and (5b) the emptying (8) of a second material consisting of a resin slightly translucent polyester, epoxy or polyurethane type, already That this is the original character of the teeth.
A continuación tras solidificar la resina sobre el molde secundario (5), se obtiene una réplica secundaria (6) con extensión o espiga (11) que se colocan en el molde primario (1) de modo que las piezas dentales quedan incrustadas en el molde primario (1) en la zona primitiva de la que fueron obtenidas, quedando al aire la zona tallada en forma de espiga (11).Then after solidifying the resin on the secondary mold (5), a secondary replica (6) is obtained with extension or spike (11) that are placed in the primary mold (1) of so that the teeth are embedded in the mold primary (1) in the primitive area from which they were obtained, the carved area in the form of a spike (11) being aired.
Con la réplica secundaria (2) colocada en el molde primario (1), se efectúa el vertido del primer material, o de un tercer material distinto al de la réplica primaria (2) y de la réplica secundaria (6), que en el ejemplo de realización se corresponde con el material de la réplica primaria que está constituido por escayola dental de alta dureza, por similitud con el hueso, que tras su fraguado y tras abrir el molde primario (1), se extrae la réplica final (9) que está formada por las dos sustancias y que queda lista para recibir los acabados finales consistentes en la aplicación de barnices y/o pinturas para conseguir el aspecto real de la pieza original.With the secondary replica (2) placed in the primary mold (1), the pouring of the first material, or of a third material other than that of the primary replica (2) and of the secondary replica (6), which in the embodiment example corresponds to the material of the primary replica that is constituted by dental plaster of high hardness, by similarity with the bone, which after setting and after opening the primary mold (1), the final replica (9) that is formed by the two is extracted substances and that is ready to receive the final finishes consisting of the application of varnishes and / or paints for Get the real look of the original piece.
Claims (5)
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- Extraer, mediante el tallado (3) de la réplica primaria (2), la parte o partes (4) que en la pieza original a reproducir son al menos de un material diferente respecto al resto de la pieza original a reproducir;Extract, by carving (3) from the primary replica (2), the part or parts (4) that in the piece original to reproduce are at least of a different material with respect to the rest of the original piece to reproduce;
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- obtener al menos un molde secundario (5) de la parte o partes talladas (4);obtain at least one secondary mold (5) of the carved part (4);
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- obtener una réplica secundaria (6), de al menos un segundo material, de la parte o partes talladas (4) a partir del al menos molde secundario (5);obtain a secondary replica (6) of at least a second material, of the carved part (4) to starting at least the secondary mold (5);
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- ubicar la réplica secundaria (6) en el interior del molde primario (1) en las zonas correspondientes a dicha réplica secundaria (6);locate the secondary replica (6) inside the primary mold (1) in the zones corresponding to said secondary replica (6);
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- rellenar (8) el molde primario (1) con un material seleccionado entre un tercer material y el primer material, para obtener una réplica final (9) compuesta por al menos dos materiales.fill (8) the primary mold (1) with a material selected from a third material and the first material, to obtain a final replica (9) composed of at least two materials
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200501432A ES2273577B1 (en) | 2005-06-14 | 2005-06-14 | PROCESS OF REPRODUCTION OF FOSSILS, ROCKS AND MINERALS, AND PRODUCT OBTAINED. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200501432A ES2273577B1 (en) | 2005-06-14 | 2005-06-14 | PROCESS OF REPRODUCTION OF FOSSILS, ROCKS AND MINERALS, AND PRODUCT OBTAINED. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2273577A1 true ES2273577A1 (en) | 2007-05-01 |
| ES2273577B1 ES2273577B1 (en) | 2008-02-01 |
Family
ID=38326440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200501432A Active ES2273577B1 (en) | 2005-06-14 | 2005-06-14 | PROCESS OF REPRODUCTION OF FOSSILS, ROCKS AND MINERALS, AND PRODUCT OBTAINED. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2273577B1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4735752A (en) * | 1986-03-25 | 1988-04-05 | Negethon Jr Eugene | Method for forming taxidermic model parts |
| EP0601980A1 (en) * | 1992-12-10 | 1994-06-15 | Santo Palazzolo | Process for the rapid production of a denture duplicate for temporary use and product obtained thereby |
| EP0636348A1 (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-02-01 | Yamato Kogure | Method of manufacturing medical prosthetic articles, and sealed mold structure for the method |
| US6216896B1 (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2001-04-17 | Mann-Hwang Chern | Method of preparing a fossil molding |
-
2005
- 2005-06-14 ES ES200501432A patent/ES2273577B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4735752A (en) * | 1986-03-25 | 1988-04-05 | Negethon Jr Eugene | Method for forming taxidermic model parts |
| EP0601980A1 (en) * | 1992-12-10 | 1994-06-15 | Santo Palazzolo | Process for the rapid production of a denture duplicate for temporary use and product obtained thereby |
| EP0636348A1 (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-02-01 | Yamato Kogure | Method of manufacturing medical prosthetic articles, and sealed mold structure for the method |
| US6216896B1 (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 2001-04-17 | Mann-Hwang Chern | Method of preparing a fossil molding |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2273577B1 (en) | 2008-02-01 |
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