ES2265212B1

ES2265212B1 - AN ESCLERAL CONFORMER.

Info

Publication number: ES2265212B1
Application number: ES200400285A
Authority: ES
Inventors: Francisco Jose Llapart Castilla
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-02-09
Filing date: 2004-02-09
Publication date: 2007-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2024-02-09
Also published as: ES2265212A1

Abstract

Un conformador escleral, caracterizado porque tiene una geometría imitadora de la topografía esclero-corneal que está formada mediante, al menos, dos superficies de distintas curvaturas, que son, una superficie central (1) y, entre ésta y el borde del conformador, una superficie escleral (2) de apoyo, la superficie central (1) extiende su periferia hasta un diámetro central (8) y está formada con una curvatura central que está determinada por un parámetro de radio central (3) y por una sagita central (4), la superficie escleral (2) se extiende hasta un diámetro total (9) de la periferia del conformador y está ejecutada de acuerdo con una curvatura escleral que está determinada por un parámetro de, al menos, un radio escleral (5) y que asigna una sagita escleral (6) que, sumada a dicha sagita central (4), da una sagita total (7) referida a dicho diámetro total (9).A scleral shaper, characterized in that it has an imitation geometry of the sclero-corneal topography that is formed by at least two surfaces of different curvatures, which are, a central surface (1) and, between it and the edge of the shaper, a supporting scleral surface (2), the central surface (1) extends its periphery to a central diameter (8) and is formed with a central curvature that is determined by a central radius parameter (3) and by a central sagite (4 ), the scleral surface (2) extends to a total diameter (9) of the periphery of the shaper and is executed according to a scleral curvature that is determined by a parameter of at least one scleral radius (5) and that assign a scleral sagite (6) which, added to said central sagite (4), gives a total sagite (7) referred to said total diameter (9).

Description

Un conformador escleral.A scleral shaper.

Field of the Invention

Esta invención concierne a un conformador escleral que está constituido para alojarse en el ojo a modo de cáscara y destinado a insertarse temporalmente sobre una cuenca ocular o muñón que es el espacio resultante de un ojo removido por enucleación o evisceración.This invention concerns a shaper scleral that is constituted to lodge in the eye by way of shell and intended to be temporarily inserted over a basin eyepiece or stump that is the space resulting from an eye removed by enucleation or evisceration.

Un conformador es un producto médico que está diseñado para conformar (dar forma) la cuenca/muñón ocular enucleado o eviscerado. Su misión es estar alineado a lo largo de los fórnices superior e inferior, cantos externo e interno, separando los párpados, de manera que, además de dejar la misma o parecida apertura palpebral que la del ojo sano, logre direccionar la posición correcta de pestañas. En uno de estos conformadores es usual la existencia de uno o varios orificios para facilitar la salida de exudados del muñón y la administración de fármacos.A shaper is a medical product that is designed to shape (shape) the eye socket / stump enucleated or eviscerated. Your mission is to be aligned along the superior and inferior fornices, external and internal edges, separating the eyelids, so that, in addition to leaving the same or similar eyelid opening that of the healthy eye, manage to address the correct position of eyelashes. In one of these shapers is usual the existence of one or several holes to facilitate the outflow of stump exudates and drug administration.

Prior art

Según ha sido observado por profesionales ocularistas y médicos oftalmólogos, la mayoría de conformadores existentes en el mercado no cumplen totalmente con el objetivo de preparar adecuadamente la cuenca para una futura prótesis ocular. Entre los principales defectos observados merecen destacarse los siguientes: -las pestañas superiores en contacto con las inferiores; -aparición de irritaciones molestas en sí mismas y susceptibles de derivar en infecciones; -excesiva exudación; -malformación en el direccionamiento de las pestañas; -dificultad en la administración de fármacos; -roce con los puntos de sutura del muñón enucleado o eviscerado; -indentación en la conjuntiva de los varios orificios dispuestos usualmente en los conformadores para la aplicación de fármacos y aireación.As noted by professionals eye doctors and ophthalmologists, the majority of conformers existing in the market do not fully meet the objective of properly prepare the basin for a future eye prosthesis. Among the main defects observed, the following: -the upper tabs in contact with the inferior; -appearance of annoying irritations in themselves and liable to lead to infections; -excessive exudation; -malformation in the direction of the eyelashes; -difficulty in the administration of drugs; - rubbing with stitches of the enucleated or eviscerated stump; -indentation in the conjunctiva of the various holes usually arranged in the shapers for the application of drugs and aeration.

Todo ello es achacado a que los conformadores empleados hoy en día o son planos o tienen un único radio de curvatura hasta el diámetro periférico total del conformador, en el sentido del meridiano horizontal del globo ocular; de tal manera que este conformador llega a contactar, o queda muy próximo al fondo de la cuenca o el muñón resultantes de la enucleación o evisceración practicada.All of this is attributed to the shapers employees today or are flat or have a single radius of curvature to the total peripheral diameter of the shaper, in the sense of the horizontal meridian of the eyeball; in such a way that this conformer comes to contact, or is very close to the bottom of the basin or stump resulting from enucleation or Evisceration practiced.

Explanation of the invention and advantages

Frente a este estado de cosas, la presente invención preconiza un conformador escleral que responde a una peculiar constitución según la cual este conformador tiene una geometría imitadora de la topografía esclero-corneal que está formada mediante, al menos, dos superficies de distintas curvaturas, que son, una superficie central y, entre ésta y el borde del conformador, una superficie escleral de apoyo, la superficie central extiende su periferia hasta un diámetro central y está formada con una curvatura central que está determinada por un parámetro de radio central y por una sagita central, la superficie escleral se extiende hasta un diámetro total de la periferia del conformador y está ejecutada de acuerdo con una curvatura escleral que está determinada por un parámetro de, al menos, un radio escleral y que asigna una sagita escleral que, sumada a dicha sagita central, da una sagita total referida a dicho diámetro total. De acuerdo con esta concepción general es posible que: la curvatura de la superficie central sea esférica; la curvatura de la superficie central sea asférica de excentricidad variable; la curvatura de la superficie central sea asférica de excentricidad constante; la curvatura de la superficie escleral sea esférica; la curvatura de la superficie escleral sea asférica de excentricidad constante; la curvatura de la superficie escleral sea asférica de excentricidad variable; incluso que la curvatura de las superficies central y/o escleral no estén matemáticamente definidas.Faced with this state of affairs, the present invention advocates a scleral shaper that responds to a peculiar constitution according to which this shaper has a topography imitation geometry sclero-corneal that is formed by, at less, two surfaces of different curvatures, which are, one central surface and, between it and the edge of the shaper, a supporting scleral surface, the central surface extends its periphery up to a central diameter and is formed with a curvature central that is determined by a central radio parameter and through a central sagite, the scleral surface extends to a total diameter of the periphery of the shaper and is executed from according to a scleral curvature that is determined by a parameter of at least one scleral radius and that assigns a sagite scleral that, added to said central sagita, gives a total sagita referred to said total diameter. In accordance with this conception general it is possible that: the curvature of the central surface is spherical; the curvature of the central surface is aspherical of variable eccentricity; the curvature of the central surface be aspherical constant eccentricity; surface curvature scleral be spherical; the curvature of the scleral surface be aspherical constant eccentricity; surface curvature scleral be aspherical of variable eccentricity; even that the curvature of the central and / or scleral surfaces are not mathematically defined.

En el ámbito de esta invención son posibles innumerables variantes, lo que permite su aplicación particularizada a cualquier caso clínico que se plantee. Así, por ejemplo, un grupo de variantes es aquél en el que dicha superficie escleral está definida por, al menos, dos radios esclerales que, desde la superficie central hacia el borde del conformador, están enlazados sucesivamente y situados sobre el eje central de la superficie central. Otro grupo de variantes es cuando dicha superficie escleral está definida por, al menos, dos radios esclerales que, desde la superficie central hacia el borde del conformador, están enlazados sucesivamente y situados fuera del eje central de la superficie central. Otro posible campo de variantes consiste en que, en su derredor, la superficie escleral presenta dos radios esclerales diferentes, que son, un radio nasal, que es relativamente más pequeño y corresponde al lado de la nariz del portador, y un radio temporal, que es relativamente más grande y está del lado del hueso temporal del portador.Within the scope of this invention are possible innumerable variants, which allows its application particularized to any clinical case that arises. So by For example, a group of variants is one in which said surface scleral is defined by at least two scleral rays that, from the central surface to the edge of the shaper, they are linked successively and located on the central axis of the central surface Another group of variants is when said scleral surface is defined by at least two rays sclerals that, from the central surface to the edge of the shaper, are successively linked and located off the axis central of the central surface. Another possible field of variants is that, around it, the scleral surface has two different scleral radii, which are, a nasal radius, which is relatively smaller and corresponds to the side of the nose of the carrier, and a temporal radius, which is relatively larger and It is on the side of the temporal bone of the wearer.

Dentro de esta amplia aplicabilidad de la invención, y basándose en la experiencia clínica a través de numerosos casos estudiados y a lo largo de un largo período de tiempo, una configuración aplicable a una amplia casuística es aquélla en que el conformador está determinado con los siguientes parámetros: radio central, sagita central, un radio escleral, una sagita total, un espesor y un diámetro total. En particular se ha observado que, dentro de esta configuración, es posible atender más del 90% de los casos.Within this broad applicability of the invention, and based on clinical experience through numerous cases studied and over a long period of time, a configuration applicable to a wide casuistry is that in which the shaper is determined with the following Parameters: central radius, central sagite, a scleral radius, a total sagite, a thickness and a total diameter. In particular it has observed that, within this configuration, it is possible to attend more 90% of cases.

Resulta obvio que el conformador objeto de esta invención da solución eficaz al cuadro de inconvenientes que han sido anteriormente expuestos con referencia a la situación actual, ya que estos inconvenientes desaparecen uno a uno en cuanto se logra que el conformador no tome contacto con el fondo de la cuenca o con el muñón resultantes de la enucleación o evisceración practicada.It is obvious that the shaper object of this invention gives an effective solution to the table of inconveniences that have previously exposed with reference to the current situation, since these inconveniences disappear one by one as soon as it is achieved that the shaper does not make contact with the bottom of the basin or with the stump resulting from enucleation or evisceration practiced

Drawings and references

Para comprender mejor la naturaleza del presente invento, en los dibujos adjuntos representamos una forma preferente de realización industrial, la cual tiene carácter de ejemplo meramente ilustrativo y no limitativo.To better understand the nature of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings we represent a preferred form of industrial realization, which is exemplary merely illustrative and not limiting.

La figura 1 es una vista de un conformador según la invención que está seccionado por su plano
medio.Figure 1 is a view of a shaper according to the invention that is sectioned by its plane
means, medium.

La figura 2 es una representación esquemática de un conformador según la invención aplicado sobre un muñón ocular (14).Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a shaper according to the invention applied on an ocular stump (14).

La figura 3 es una representación esquemática de un conformador conocido (15) aplicado sobre el muñón ocular (14) de la figura 2.Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a known shaper (15) applied on the ocular stump (14) of Figure 2

Las figuras 4 a 8 ilustran diversas ejecuciones variantes comprendidas en la invención.Figures 4 to 8 illustrate various executions variants included in the invention.

En estas figuras se ha obviado representar los usuales orificios para una mayor claridad.In these figures it has been avoided to represent the usual holes for clarity.

En estas figuras están indicadas las referencias siguientes:In these figures the references are indicated following:

1.-one.-: Superficie centralCentral surface

2.-2.-: Superficie escleral de apoyoSupporting scleral surface

3.-3.-: Radio centralCentral radio

4.-4.-: Sagita centralCentral sagita

5.-5.-: Radio escleralScleral radius

6.-6.-: Sagita escleralScleral sagite

7.-7.-: Sagita totalSagita Total

8.-8.-: Diámetro centralCenter diameter

9.-9.-: Diámetro totalTotal diameter

10.-10.-: Eje centralAxis central

11.-eleven.-: Radio nasalNasal radius

12.-12.-: Radio temporalTemporary radio

13.-13.-: EspesorThickness

14.-14.-: Muñón ocularEye stump

15.-fifteen.-: Conformador conocidoKnown shaper

Exhibition of a preferred embodiment

Con relación a los dibujos y referencias más arriba enumerados, son ilustradas en los planos adjuntos diversas variantes comprendidas en esta invención referida a un conformador escleral que está constituido para alojarse en el ojo a modo de cáscara y destinado a insertarse temporalmente sobre una cuenca ocular o muñón que es el espacio resultante de un ojo removido por enucleación o evisceración.Regarding the drawings and references more listed above, are illustrated in the various attached drawings variants included in this invention related to a shaper scleral that is constituted to lodge in the eye by way of shell and intended to be temporarily inserted over a basin eyepiece or stump that is the space resulting from an eye removed by enucleation or evisceration.

Como ilustra con claridad la figura 1 el objeto esencial de la invención consiste en que el conformador preconizado tiene una geometría imitadora de la topografía esclero-corneal que está formada mediante, al menos, dos superficies de distintas curvaturas, que son, una superficie central (1) y, entre ésta y el borde del conformador, una superficie escleral (2) de apoyo, la superficie central (1) extiende su periferia hasta un diámetro central (9) y está formada con una curvatura central que está determinada por un parámetro de radio central (3) y por una sagita central (4), la superficie escleral (2) se extiende hasta un diámetro total (10) de la periferia del conformador y está ejecutada de acuerdo con una curvatura escleral que está determinada por un parámetro de, al menos, un radio escleral (5) y que asigna una sagita escleral (6) que, sumada a dicha sagita central (4), da una sagita total (7) referida a dicho diámetro total (9).As Figure 1 clearly illustrates the object essential of the invention is that the preformed shaper it has a topography imitation geometry sclero-corneal that is formed by, at less, two surfaces of different curvatures, which are, one central surface (1) and, between it and the edge of the shaper, a supporting scleral surface (2), the central surface (1) extends its periphery to a central diameter (9) and is formed with a central curvature that is determined by a parameter of central radius (3) and by a central sagita (4), the surface scleral (2) extends to a total diameter (10) of the periphery of the shaper and is executed according to a scleral curvature that is determined by a parameter of, at less, a scleral radius (5) and that assigns a scleral sagite (6) which, added to said central sagita (4), gives a total sagita (7) referred to said total diameter (9).

Esta concepción del conformador consigue que su implantación sobre la cuenca/muñón del ojo enucleado o eviscerado tenga lugar del modo ilustrado en la figura 2; y no se produzca el contacto o casi contacto físico que es ilustrado en la figura 3 como propio de los conformadores conocidos en el campo de esta invención, de manera que no se dé lugar a los inconvenientes actuales anteriormente relatados y referidos a: la aparición de irritaciones molestas en sí mismas y susceptibles de derivar en infecciones; la excesiva exudación; la malformación en el direccionamiento de las pestañas; la dificultad en la administración de fármacos; el roce con los puntos de sutura del muñón enucleado o eviscerado; y la indentación en la conjuntiva de los varios orificios dispuestos usualmente en los conformadores para la aplicación de fármacos y aireación. Las figuras 4 a 8 ilustran diversas ejecuciones que están comprendidas en el ámbito de la invención. La figura 4 muestra un conformador en el que el diámetro central (8) es comparativamente grande en relación con el diámetro total (9), y presenta un espesor (13) sensiblemente uniforme. La figura 5 muestra un conformador que tiene un diámetro central (8) mucho menor que el anterior y en el que dicha superficie escleral (2) está definida por, al menos, dos radios esclerales (5) que, desde la superficie central (1) hacia el borde del conformador, están enlazados sucesivamente y situados sobre el eje central (10) de la superficie central (1). La figura 6 es una variante de conformador donde la superficie escleral (5) está definida por, al menos, dos radios esclerales (5) que, desde la superficie central (1) hacia el borde del conformador, están enlazados sucesivamente y situados fuera del eje central (10) de la superficie central (1). La figura 7 muestra un conformador asimétrico en el que dicha superficie escleral (2) tiene un radio escleral (5) que tiene su centro desplazado del eje central (10), lo que hace que la parte correspondiente a la superficie central (1) esté desviada respecto de la parte de la superficie escleral (2). La figura 8 muestra una variante en la que, en su derredor, la superficie escleral (2) presenta dos radios esclerales diferentes, que son, un radio nasal (11), que es relativamente más pequeño y corresponde al lado de la nariz del portador, y un radio temporal (12), que es relativamente más grande y está del lado del hueso temporal del porta-
dor.This conception of the shaper makes its implantation on the enucleated or eviscerated eye socket / stump take place in the manner illustrated in Figure 2; and there is no contact or almost physical contact that is illustrated in Figure 3 as typical of the conformators known in the field of this invention, so as not to give rise to the current drawbacks previously reported and referred to: the appearance of annoying irritations in themselves and likely to lead to infections; excessive exudation; the malformation in the direction of the eyelashes; the difficulty in the administration of drugs; rubbing with the stitches of the enucleated or eviscerated stump; and the indentation in the conjunctiva of the various holes usually arranged in the shapers for the application of drugs and aeration. Figures 4 to 8 illustrate various embodiments that fall within the scope of the invention. Figure 4 shows a shaper in which the central diameter (8) is comparatively large in relation to the total diameter (9), and has a substantially uniform thickness (13). Figure 5 shows a shaper that has a central diameter (8) much smaller than the previous one and in which said scleral surface (2) is defined by at least two scleral radii (5) that, from the central surface (1 ) towards the edge of the shaper, they are successively linked and located on the central axis (10) of the central surface (1). Figure 6 is a variant of the former where the scleral surface (5) is defined by at least two scleral rays (5) that, from the central surface (1) to the edge of the former, are successively linked and located outside the central axis (10) of the central surface (1). Figure 7 shows an asymmetric shaper in which said scleral surface (2) has a scleral radius (5) having its center displaced from the central axis (10), which makes the part corresponding to the central surface (1) deviated from the part of the scleral surface (2). Figure 8 shows a variant in which, around it, the scleral surface (2) has two different scleral rays, which are a nasal radius (11), which is relatively smaller and corresponds to the side of the wearer's nose , and a temporal radius (12), which is relatively larger and is on the side of the temporal bone of the holder.
dor.

En el ámbito de esta invención está también previsto que existan curvaturas de acuerdo entre dichas curvaturas central y escleral de las superficies central (1) y escleral (2), respectivamente.Within the scope of this invention is also provided that there are curvatures of agreement between said curvatures central and scleral of the central (1) and scleral (2) surfaces, respectively.

Claims

1. A scleral shaper, which is constituted to lodge as a shell and intended to be temporarily inserted over an ocular basin or stump that is the space resulting from an eye removed by enucleation or evisceration, characterized in that it has an imitation geometry of the sclero topography -corneal that is formed by at least two surfaces of different curvatures, which are a central surface (1) and, between it and the edge of the former, a supporting scleral surface (2), the central surface (1) extends its periphery to a central diameter (8) and is formed with a central curvature that is determined by a central radius parameter (3) and by a central sagite (4), the scleral surface (2) extends to a total diameter (9) of the periphery of the shaper and is executed according to a scleral curvature that is determined by a parameter of at least one scleral radius (5) and that assigns a scleral sagite (6) which, added to said central sagite (4), gives a total sagite (7) referred to said total diameter (9).

2. A scleral shaper, according to the first claim, characterized in that said curvature of the central surface (1) is spherical.

3. A scleral shaper, according to the first claim, characterized in that said curvature of the central surface (1) is aspherical of constant eccentricity.

4. A scleral shaper, according to the first claim, characterized in that said curvature of the central surface (1) is aspherical of variable eccentricity.

5. A scleral shaper, according to the first claim, characterized in that said curvature of the scleral surface (2) is spherical.

6. A scleral shaper, according to the first claim, characterized in that said curvature of the scleral surface (2) is aspherical of constant eccentricity.

7. A scleral shaper, according to the first claim, characterized in that said curvature of the scleral surface (2) is aspherical of variable eccentricity.

8. A scleral shaper, according to the first claim, characterized in that said curvature of the central surface (1) is not mathematically defined.

9. A scleral shaper, according to the first claim, characterized in that said curvature of the scleral surface (2) is not mathematically defined.

10. A scleral shaper, according to the preceding claims, characterized in that said scleral surface (2) is defined by at least two scleral radii (5) which, from the central surface (1) towards the edge of the shaper, are successively linked and located on the central axis (10) of the central surface (1).

11. A scleral shaper, all in accordance with the preceding claims, characterized in that said scleral surface (2) is defined by at least two scleral radii (5) which, from the central surface (1) towards the edge of the shaper , are successively linked and located outside the central axis (10) of the central surface (1).

12. A scleral shaper, all in accordance with the preceding claims, characterized in that said scleral surface (2) has a scleral radius (5) having its center displaced from the central axis (10).

13. A scleral shaper, all in accordance with the preceding claims, characterized in that, around it, the scleral surface (2) has two different scleral radii, which are, a nasal radius (11), which is relatively smaller and it corresponds to the side of the wearer's nose, and a temporal radius (12), which is relatively larger and is on the side of the wearer's temporal bone.

14. A scleral shaper, in all according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it is determined with the following parameters: central radius (3), central sagite (4), a scleral radius (5), a total sagite (7), a thickness (13) and a total diameter (9).

15. A scleral shaper, in all according to the preceding claims, characterized in that there are curvatures according to said central and scleral curvatures of the central (1) and scleral (2) surfaces, respectively.