ES2264852A1

ES2264852A1 - Abutment of dental implant

Info

Publication number: ES2264852A1
Application number: ES200401529A
Authority: ES
Inventors: Alejandro Padros Fraderas
Original assignee: Soadco SL
Current assignee: Soadco SL
Priority date: 2004-06-23
Filing date: 2004-06-23
Publication date: 2007-01-16
Anticipated expiration: 2024-06-23
Also published as: WO2006000289A1; ES2264852B1

Abstract

Abutment for dental implants, of the type which have an axial perforation suitable for the insertion of a dental prosthesis to be fixed so that it forms part of the implant abutment, the outer profile of said abutment comprising a first section of increasing width from the trunk of the screw towards its outer end, and a second section, with no solution for continuity, which forms an outer support area of the prosthesis and which is configured in the form of a cone trunk with decreasing width, in a direction towards the outer end of the screw abutment, the angle which forms the cone distance of the second section with the screw axis being between 8 DEG and 30 DEG and the height of the support area being between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, which favours the positioning of the prosthesis on the support area.

Description

Cabeza de implante dental.Dental implant head

Technical sector of the invention

La invención se refiere a una cabeza o conexión protésica para implantes dentales.The invention relates to a head or connection prosthetic for dental implants.

Background of the invention

Los implantes de cono interno son aquellos que comprenden un implante, destinado a ser anclado en los huesos maxilares, cuyo extremo superior o cabeza está dotada de una perforación axial ciega, que comprende un tramo configurado en forma de tronco de cono, en la que frecuentemente se provee una zona provista de fileteado de rosca interna, destinada a recibir por roscado un correspondiente espárrago o tornillo de anclaje a tal efecto provisto en la pieza protésica dental.Internal cone implants are those that comprise an implant, intended to be anchored in the bones jaws, whose upper end or head is endowed with a blind axial perforation, comprising a section configured in cone trunk shape, in which a zone is often provided provided with internal thread filleting, intended to be received by threaded a corresponding stud or anchor screw to such effect provided on the dental prosthesis.

Estando el implante y el tornillo de anclaje convenientemente acoplados, la pieza protésica debería apoyarse sobre un hombro de apoyo provisto en la cabeza del implante, a la vez que debe permanecer adherida a la porción emergente del tornillo de anclaje, configurada frecuentemente en forma de tronco de cono de anchura decreciente y denominada tornillo-pilar.The implant and the anchor screw being conveniently coupled, the prosthetic piece should rest on a support shoulder provided in the implant head, at the Once it must remain attached to the emerging screw portion anchor, frequently configured in the shape of a cone trunk decreasing width and called screw-pillar.

No obstante, este tipo de implantes presentan un grave problema de tolerancias, por muy bien que se fabriquen, que provoca que la pieza protésica, al apoyarse sobre el hombro de apoyo, tenga respecto al tornillo pilar, o porción emergente del tornillo de anclaje, una holgura no tolerable o que, estando la pieza protésica bien asentada sobre la porción superior del tornillo de anclaje, ésta no se apoye suficientemente sobre el hombro de apoyo del tornillo, lo que puede provocar problemas durante los ciclos masticatorios, especialmente cuando se producen esfuerzos
laterales.However, these types of implants present a serious problem of tolerances, no matter how well they are manufactured, which causes the prosthetic part, when resting on the support shoulder, to have respect to the abutment screw, or emerging portion of the anchor screw, a non-tolerable clearance or that, while the prosthetic piece is well seated on the upper portion of the anchor screw, it does not rest sufficiently on the shoulder of the screw, which can cause problems during the masticatory cycles, especially when efforts occur
lateral.

Explanation of the invention.

La cabeza del implante dental objeto de la invención, es de las que están dotadas de una perforación axial adaptada para recibir una pieza protésica dental destinada a ser fijada sólidamente a la cabeza del implante, comprendiendo el contorno exterior de dicha cabeza un primer tramo de anchura creciente desde el tronco del implante hacia su extremo exterior, y un segundo tramo, sin solución de continuidad, que constituye una zona de apoyo exterior de la pieza protésica y que está configurado en forma de tronco de cono de anchura decreciente, en sentido hacia el extremo exterior de la cabeza del implante, que constituye el extremo superior de la cabeza.The head of the dental implant object of the Invention, it is one of those equipped with axial perforation adapted to receive a dental prosthesis designed to be solidly fixed to the implant head, comprising the outer contour of said head a first section of width growing from the implant trunk to its outer end, and a second section, without continuity solution, which constitutes a external support area of the prosthesis and that is configured in the shape of a cone trunk of decreasing width, in the direction the outer end of the implant head, which constitutes the upper end of the head.

En su esencia, la cabeza se caracteriza porque el ángulo que forma la generatriz del citado segundo tramo con el eje del tornillo está comprendido entre 8º y 30º y porque la altura de dicha zona de apoyo está comprendida entre 0,5 mm y los 2,5 mm, lo que favorece sorprendentemente el asentamiento de la pieza protésica en la zona de apoyo.In its essence, the head is characterized because the angle formed by the generatrix of said second section with the screw axis is between 8º and 30º and because the height of said support area is between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, which surprisingly favors the settlement of the piece prosthetic in the support area.

Preferentemente, el ángulo que forma la generatriz del segundo tramo con el eje del tornillo está comprendido entre 10º y 20º.Preferably, the angle that forms the generatrix of the second section with the screw axis is between 10º and 20º.

Brief description of the drawings

En los dibujos adjuntos se ilustra un modo de realización de la cabeza para implantes objeto de la invención. En concreto:The attached drawings illustrate a way of embodiment of the head for implants object of the invention. In concrete:

La Fig. 1, es una vista en alzado de un implante dental cuyo extremo superior o cabeza está configurado según la invención; yFig. 1 is an elevation view of an implant dental whose upper end or head is configured according to the invention; Y

La Fig. 2, es una vista de detalle de la cabeza del implante de la Fig. 1 y de la porción emergente del tornillo de anclaje, o tornillo-pilar, con la pieza protésica, fijados sólidamente a la cabeza del implante y representados seccionados.Fig. 2, is a detail view of the head of the implant of Fig. 1 and of the emerging screw portion of anchor, or screw-abutment, with the prosthetic piece, solidly fixed to the implant head and represented sectioned

Detailed description of the drawings

El implante 2 de la Fig. 1 está dotado en su extremo superior de un ensanchamiento que constituye la cabeza 1 del mismo.The implant 2 of Fig. 1 is provided in its upper end of a widening that constitutes the head 1 of the same.

El contorno exterior de la cabeza 1 comprende un primer tramo 3 de anchura creciente, que nace en el tronco, fileteado, del implante 2, y un segundo tramo unido al primero sin solución de continuidad y que constituye el hombro o zona de apoyo 4 exterior de la pieza protésica 6.The outer contour of the head 1 comprises a first section 3 of increasing width, born in the trunk, filleting, of implant 2, and a second section joined to the first without continuity solution and that constitutes the shoulder or support area 4 outside of the prosthetic piece 6.

Esta zona de apoyo 4 está configurada en forma de tronco de cono, decreciente en sentido hacia el extremo exterior del implante 2, y su generatriz forma un ángulo de 20º con el eje 5 del tornillo 2. La altura de la zona de apoyo 4 está comprendida entre 0,5 mm y 2,5 mm, aunque el ejemplo de los dibujos no está a escala real.This support zone 4 is configured in shape cone trunk, decreasing in direction towards the outer end of implant 2, and its generatrix forms an angle of 20 ° with axis 5 of screw 2. The height of the support area 4 is comprised between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, although the example of the drawings is not at real scale.

En la Fig. 2 se observa la porción emergente 8 del tornillo de anclaje y la pieza protésica 6, y aunque de un modo exagerado se ha representado la holgura 9 que puede existir entre dicha pieza protésica y la cara superior del tornillo de anclaje que, en los peores casos, es el resultado de acumular desviaciones en las medidas de la cabeza del tornillo y de la pieza protésica aún estando dentro de los márgenes de tolerancias.In Fig. 2 the emergent portion 8 is observed of the anchor bolt and prosthetic part 6, and although of a exaggerated mode has represented the slack 9 that may exist between said prosthetic piece and the upper face of the screw of anchor that, in the worst cases, is the result of accumulating deviations in the measurements of the screw head and the part prosthetic even within tolerance ranges.

Sin embargo, con el reducido ángulo con respecto al eje 5 del tornillo no sólo se asegura el asentamiento de la pieza protésica 6 en la zona de apoyo 4, sino que se consigue un aumento de la superficie de contacto 7 entre la pieza protésica 6 y la zona de apoyo 4, tal y como muestra la Fig. 2, con lo que se soportan mucho mejor los esfuerzos laterales generados durante los ciclos masticatorios.However, with the reduced angle with respect to the axis 5 of the screw not only ensures the settlement of the prosthetic piece 6 in the support area 4, but a increase of the contact surface 7 between the prosthetic part 6 and the support area 4, as shown in Fig. 2, whereby withstand the lateral forces generated during the masticatory cycles

Además, cuando se trata de corregir diferencias entre el eje implantario de inserción y el eje de emergencia de la pieza protésica 6, los ángulos entre ambos ejes se sitúan convencionalmente alrededor de los 15º, por lo que el ángulo óptimo de conicidad correctora de la divergencia de ejes debería ser también próximo a los 15º. Una reducción del ángulo de conicidad hasta valores inferiores a los 8º, dificultaría la corrección del eje estético de la pieza protésica.Also, when it comes to correcting differences between the implant insertion axis and the emergency axis of the prosthetic piece 6, the angles between both axes are located conventionally around 15º, so the optimum angle Conicity corrective axis divergence should be also close to 15º. A conicity angle reduction until values lower than 8º, it would be difficult to correct the aesthetic axis of the prosthetic piece.

Claims

1. Head (1) for dental implants (2), of which they are provided with an axial perforation adapted to receive a dental prosthetic piece intended to be solidly fixed to the head (1) of the implant, comprising the outer contour of said head a first section (3) of increasing width from the screw trunk towards its outer end, and a second section (4), without continuity solution, which constitutes an outer support area of the prosthetic piece and which is configured in the form of cone trunk of decreasing width, in the direction towards the outer end of the screw head, which constitutes the upper end of the head (1), characterized in that the angle (w) that forms the generatrix of the second section with the axis (5) ) of the screw (2) is between 8º and 30º and because the height (h) of said support area is between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, which favors the settlement of the prosthetic piece in the area of support for.

2. Head for dental implants according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle formed by the generatrix of the second section with the axis of the screw is preferably between 10 ° and 20 °.