ES2260349T3 - AIR-COOLED CONDENSER OR AIR-HEATED EVAPORATOR. - Google Patents

Abstract

An air-cooled liquefier or evaporator consists of a fan-evaporator housing in which at least one fan is located in front of several bent and ribbed coolant tubes. The fan-evaporator housing (1) consists of one or more cylinder segments. The ribbed coolant tubes (2) form the circular outside surface (3) of the housing. The coolant tubes are semi-circular and are located at a distance one above the other, each with constant radius. The plane of the ribs runs vertically plane formed by the ribs and connects the coolant tubes together. The semicircular segments are provided with an upper and lower cover (4,5) which together form the housing with a back wall (6).

Description

Air cooled condenser or evaporator heated by air.

The invention relates to a capacitor air-cooled or an air-heated evaporator, consisting of of a fan-evaporator housing in which at least one blower is arranged in front of several tubes of coolant curved and provided with fins, which constitute a outer surface of the circular arc-shaped housing and are arranged one above the other with a separation A and with a radius R always constant.

For cooling an insulated enclosure (cold room or processing chamber), a fan or Evaporator must meet different requirements:

Besides the temperature, air humidity (the so-called climate of interiors) and the temperature gradient δT, also have an essential importance is the air velocity or the circulation of the Air and noise generated. The dimensions are also important outside of the fan or evaporator, as well as its consumption energetic.

Normally, evaporators are offered with a large air flow, manufactured in the form of a heat exchanger block with copper tubes and aluminum sheets. In these, the tubes of Copper are designated as primary surface and aluminum sheets as secondary surface.

In the preamble of the new claim 1, use US 2,454,654 (D1) as a reference. This one shows an evaporator with finned tubes, which are separated from each other by spacer plates 24 arranged horizontally. The distance plates 24 are necessary for that the condensate can drip to a collecting container 62 located at the lower end of the evaporator. From said container leads to a collecting pipe 64 and then evacuates.

Since, according to the US patent, between the tubes provided with fins the spacer plates are arranged horizontal 24, the fins - as shown in figures 1 and 2 of the US patent - must be arranged in the form of a ring around each one of the evaporator tubes. This arrangement is expensive from a technical point of view and there is also the danger that form ice due to the small separation between the fins. Several studies have also shown that with a large number of small separate individual fins a large amount is generated of noise, so that the use in work rooms presents considerable disadvantages.

The mission of the present invention is to improve the design of evaporators or air-cooled condensers of such so that, with a minimum consumption of space, a Optimum air distribution with low noise generation. The same time, air velocity and δT must be adjustable within wide limits, having to achieve consumption relatively low energy even in the degree of power higher.

According to the invention, this objective is achieved. by means of the characteristics indicated in claim 1. The coolant tubes are advantageously arranged in the form of semicircle on the outer surface of the housing shaped circular arc. They are on each other with some separation between them and with a constant radius, extending the fins perpendicular to the spokes and the tubes being joined together of refrigerant with a greater distance between fins. Distance between fins it preferably ranges between 6 and 10 mm and the space intermediate between the tubes and the vertical fins or blades should be configured as a diffuser.

In a horizontal cut through the fan / evaporator according to the invention, the separation of the sheets in the circle plane is set up increasingly from a minimum A_ {m \ text {í} n} on the side facing the center of the circle to a maximum separation A_ {max} in the outer part of the housing. Through appropriate devices it is possible to make the direction of irradiation and the flow rate of the evaporator or air-cooled condenser can be adjusted by middle of the diffuser openings between the blades or fins of the coolant tubes, the space remaining between the section of perforated cylinder and the inner edges of the tubes refrigerant provided with fins configured as a space for backwater.

Circle segments are preferably used with segment angles α of 45º, 60º, 90º, 180º or 360º, which allows optimum use of the cooling space. The evaporator or condenser according to the invention can be placed in a corner, on the wall or in the center of the enclosure to be refrigerate. The greater separation between sheets results particularly favorable to avoid icing, round packages of sheets can be manufactured with sheets integrals of up to four rows of pipes in depth.

The invention is explained below. in detail based on several embodiments and with Reference to the drawings. These show:

- Figure 1: different views of an evaporator or semicircular capacitor according to the present invention.

- Figure 2: a semicircular evaporator in explosive representation

- Figure 3: an enlargement of a part of the area of the sheets of an evaporator or semicircular condenser.

- Figure 4: different views of a segment of 90º of the evaporator or condenser according to the invention.

- Figure 5: different views of an evaporator or ring or circular condenser.

An evaporator or air-cooled condenser according to the invention, which consists of a cylinder segment with a semicircular area that is configured as fan housing or evaporator 1, with about 2 refrigerant tubes provided with fins and arched in the form of cylindrical hull The housing 1 is open only by its surface exterior 3, so that it allows irradiation of the segment of cylinder in the direction of the arrows.

Up and down, housing 1 is closed by a semicircular top and bottom 4, 5. The face rear is formed by a flat rear wall 6.

Figure 2 also shows an evaporator or capacitor configured according to figure 1, but in representation explosive Once the upper and lower covers 4, 5 and the rear wall 6, the connection ends 11, 12 of the 2-circle curved coolant tubes with the radius R. At the open connection ends they are arranged or screwed back plates 9, 10. With the back plates 9, 10 the distances A between the refrigerant tubes 2 are set. The tube elbows 13-18 can also be seen. From this way you get a continuous connection between the different tubes of refrigerant

In the lower cover 5 are arranged fans 7, which blow air from the outside into the housing. The insufflated air can only escape through the refrigerant tubes with fins 2 through the outer circular surface 3.

Figure 3 shows an enlargement of a part of coolant tubes with fins 2 in the area of a plate rear 9. An upper tube elbow 15 can also be seen, which connect the refrigerant tubes 2a, 2b arranged in the part higher.

The refrigerant tubes arranged about other 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f have fin or sheet surfaces common. There is therefore a plane of fins E that extends perpendicular to the plane formed by the radii R. Between the fins is configured a space for the passage of air that has been of cooling or that has already cooled.

You can also see fans 8, which they are fixed to the bottom cover 5 and breathe air into the space semicircular interior. To ensure a firm seat of the tubes coolant with fins have been incorporated in the bottom cover 5 bevels or cavities 5A, 5B with the corresponding shape. Through a positive union with the body of the plates of the coolant tubes a firm bond is achieved, which at the same time It also presents few losses in interstitium. At a distance of the bottom edges of the finned coolant tubes are has provided a perforated cylinder section that constitutes a rear wall permeable to air 6.

Figures 4 and 5 show embodiments alternatives of the evaporator or condenser according to the invention. They can conceive both quarter circle segments and segments of complete circle, with coolant tubes and covers correspondingly configured as a quarter of circle or full circle.

The connection ends show other particularities that, in the case of the quarter circle, emerge in the visible face of the evaporator or condenser according to the invention. Without However, with minimal modifications it is also possible to integrate the connection ends on the rear faces or on the cover higher.

On the back wall (6, 6a, 6b) and on the outer surface 3 are preferably screwed plates 9, 10 of the cylinder segments to separate behind the backwater space. As can be seen in Figure 3, the spaces that remain between the tubes and the fins or sheets verticals are configured as diffusers, increasing the separation between the sheets in the circle plane from a minimum (A_ {m \ text {í} n}) on the side facing the center of the circle up to a maximum separation (A_ {max}) on the outside of the Case.

Using plates 9, 10 of different width the irradiation direction and the flow rate of the evaporator or condenser air cooled by means of the diffuser opening between the sheets or fins of the tubes refrigerant.

Claims (11)

1. Air-cooled condenser or air-heated evaporator, consisting of a fan-evaporator housing in which at least one blower is arranged in front of several curved and finned refrigerant tubes, which constitute an outer surface of the housing in the form of a circular arc and are arranged one above the other with a separation A and with an always constant radius R, characterized in that the fan-evaporator housing (1) consists of one or several cylinder segments and the refrigerant tubes arranged one above another has common fin or sheet surfaces, which form a plane of fins E that extends perpendicularly to the plane formed by the radii R and that join together the refrigerant tubes (2) arranged one above the other, forming a space between the fins configured as a diffuser for the passage of air to be cooled or that has already cooled. 2. An air-cooled condenser or an air-heated evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinder segments are configured as annular segments, a section of the latter being arranged at a distance from the inner edges of the coolant tubes with fins (2). perforated cylinder as rear wall (6). 3. Air-cooled condenser or air-heated evaporator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinder segments are provided with an upper and a lower cover (4, 5) which, together with the rear wall (6, 6a, 6b), form the housing. 4. Air-cooled condenser or air-heated evaporator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, between the rear wall (6, 6c, 6b) and the inner edges of the finned coolant tubes, spacers are arranged (19 ). 5. Air-cooled condenser or air-heated evaporator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, on the rear wall (6, 6a, 6b) or on the lower cover (5) one or more fans (7, 8 are arranged) ). 6. Air-cooled condenser or air-heated evaporator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the space between the perforated cylinder section and the inner edges of the finned coolant tubes is configured as a backwater space. 7. Air-cooled condenser or air-heated evaporator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that plates (9, 10) of the segments are screwed onto the rear wall (6, 6a, 6b) and the outer surface (3). of cylinder to separate the backwater space from behind. 8. Air-cooled condenser or air-heated evaporator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plates (9, 10) contain on the one hand the connecting ends (11, 12) of the semicircular refrigerant tubes and on the other hand tube elbows (13-18) that are enclosed everywhere by the upper and lower covers (4, 5) and by the cylinder segment of the fan housing. 9. Air-cooled condenser or air-heated evaporator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical fins between the refrigerant tubes act as spacers for the upper and lower covers. 10. Air-cooled condenser or air-heated evaporator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacing between the fins in the plane of the circle increases from a minimum (A_ {m \ text {í} n}) on the oriented side towards the center of the circle to a maximum separation (A_ {max}) on the outer side of the housing. 11. Air-cooled condenser or air-heated evaporator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the direction of irradiation and the flow rate of the evaporator or air-cooled condenser can be adjusted by means of the diffuser opening between the sheets or fins of the tubes refrigerant.