ES2258354A1 - Thermoplastic self-supporting board for horizontal framework has covering having thin layer of additive that improves framework together with thin layer of antiskid material or hard material - Google Patents
Thermoplastic self-supporting board for horizontal framework has covering having thin layer of additive that improves framework together with thin layer of antiskid material or hard materialInfo
- Publication number
- ES2258354A1 ES2258354A1 ES200300299A ES200300299A ES2258354A1 ES 2258354 A1 ES2258354 A1 ES 2258354A1 ES 200300299 A ES200300299 A ES 200300299A ES 200300299 A ES200300299 A ES 200300299A ES 2258354 A1 ES2258354 A1 ES 2258354A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- self
- thin layer
- constituted
- horizontal formwork
- resistant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
- E04G9/05—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of plastics
Abstract
Description
Tablero termoplástico autoportante para encofrado horizontal.Self-supporting formwork thermoplastic board horizontal.
La presente memoria descriptiva se refiere a una solicitud de Patente de Invención, relativa a un tablero termoplástico autoportante para encofrado horizontal cuya finalidad reside en facilitar las tareas de encofrado y desencofrado mejorando las posibilidades de uso en obra debido a un menor peso, mayor resistencia, mayor durabilidad, y mejores características mecánicas que los tableros usados habitualmente.The present specification refers to a Invention Patent application, relating to a board self-supporting thermoplastic for horizontal formwork whose purpose resides in facilitating the formwork and formwork tasks improving the possibilities of use on site due to a lower weight, greater resistance, greater durability, and better characteristics mechanical than commonly used boards.
Esta invención tiene su aplicación dentro de la industria dedicada a la fabricación de elementos de construcción en general, y en especial dentro de la industria de fabricación de tableros para encofrados. No se descarta que debido a las particulares cualidades de este tablero cuyas características principales reivindicamos más adelante, pueda ser usado en otros campos de la construcción, la decoración o la rehabilitación.This invention has its application within the industry dedicated to the manufacture of building elements in general, and especially within the manufacturing industry of formwork boards. It is not ruled out that due to particular qualities of this board whose characteristics main claims later, can be used in others fields of construction, decoration or rehabilitation.
Por parte del solicitante se tiene conocimiento de la existencia en la actualidad de una pluralidad de tableros de todo tipo y calidad que se utilizan en construcción para servir de encofrado.The applicant has knowledge of the existence at present of a plurality of boards of all types and quality that are used in construction to serve as formwork
La construcción por medio de encofrados es bastante antigua y se ha ido desarrollando paulatinamente para ir cubriendo las necesidades del mercado, que cada vez ha ido exigiendo elementos más eficaces, particularizados y sofisticados al objeto de ir paralelo al diseño de las construcciones.The construction by formwork is quite old and has been developing gradually to go covering the needs of the market, which has increasingly gone demanding more efficient, particularized and sophisticated elements in order to go parallel to the design of the constructions.
Son conocidos por parte del inventor un importante número de elementos de encofrado. Desde los más elementales tableros de madera hasta los más sofisticados constituidos por tableros de diferentes tipo de madera con o sin ceras en sus capas internas para mejorar el desencofrado.They are known by the inventor a significant number of formwork elements. From the most Elementary wooden boards to the most sophisticated constituted by boards of different types of wood with or without Waxes in their inner layers to improve formwork.
Casi todos los documentos de patente relativos a estos sistemas son ya de dominio público debido a la caducidad de la vida legal de las mismas.Almost all patent documents related to these systems are already in the public domain due to the expiration of the legal life of them.
Pero en todo caso estos elementos difieren totalmente del objeto de la invención que se reivindica, superando la invención las características mecánicas, la resistencia a la flexo-tracción, mejorando el peso y por tanto su manejabilidad en obra, mejorando de forma importante la longevidad del material y sobre todo aportando la posibilidad del reciclado.But in any case these elements differ totally of the object of the invention that is claimed, surpassing The invention mechanical characteristics, resistance to flexo-traction, improving the weight and therefore its workability on site, significantly improving longevity of the material and especially providing the possibility of recycling.
Asimismo son conocidos tableros de encofrado metálicos, y tableros metálicos con elementos de madera.Formwork boards are also known metal, and metal boards with wooden elements.
También la invención propuesta mejora todas las características de estos tableros en todas las características antes reseñadas e incluso en el coste.Also the proposed invention improves all features of these boards in all features before reviewed and even in cost.
Desde principios de los años ochenta se ha intentado aportar por parte de la industria plástica de soluciones para tableros de encofrado que mejoran las condiciones mecánicas, de uso y de coste de las soluciones anteriores.Since the early eighties it has been tried to contribute by the solutions plastic industry for formwork boards that improve mechanical conditions, of use and cost of the previous solutions.
Dada la diversidad de soluciones, tan variadas como la múltiple diversidad de plásticos existentes, y cuya puesta en el mercado han sufrido diversas vicisitudes nos vamos a centrar en los antecedentes más recientes y que pudiesen ser tomados como antecedentes dentro de un informe sobre el estado de la técnica en relación con la solicitud de patente de referencia.Given the diversity of solutions, so varied as the multiple diversity of existing plastics, and whose setting in the market have suffered various vicissitudes we are going to focus in the most recent background and that could be taken as background within a report on the state of the art in relationship with the reference patent application.
Es conocida por el autor la patente alemana DE 41 37 649, que reivindica un elemento constructivo en forma de tablero formado por dos elementos de distintos módulos de elasticidad en forma de láminas, pudiendo estar constituida la interior por una aleación de aluminio.The German patent DE is known by the author 41 37 649, which claims a constructive element in the form of board formed by two elements of different modules of elasticity in the form of sheets, and the interior by an aluminum alloy.
Esta invención representa ya una mejora sobre los elementos constructivos realizados hasta entonces con maderas encoladas con resinas fenólicas, pero la complejidad de la fabricación, su alto coste y la dificultad de reciclado total han hecho que su uso no haya sido extendido.This invention already represents an improvement over the construction elements made until then with wood glued with phenolic resins, but the complexity of the manufacturing, its high cost and the difficulty of total recycling have made that its use has not been extended.
Además, su puesta en obra requiere un soporte metálico, ya que no se trata de tableros autoportantes.In addition, its implementation requires support metallic, since it is not self-supporting boards.
El inventor también conoce la patente alemana DE
197 24 361 que mejora la patente anterior, pero sólo en cuanto al
sistema de fabricación incorporando un dispositivo que permite la
fabricación en continuo, pero sigue teniendo los mismos problemas
que la anterior en cuanto a la unión entre los elementos plásticos
y/o termoplásticos y las capas de aleación de aluminio, asimismo
sus características mecánicas y de resistencia a los cambios de
temperatura pueden ser comprometidas, e idénticamente a la
anterior, requiere unos soportes metálicos para su puesta en
obra.The inventor also knows the German patent DE 197 24 361 which improves the previous patent, but only as regards the manufacturing system incorporating a device that allows continuous manufacturing, but still has the same problems as the previous one in terms of the union between the plastic and / or thermoplastic elements and the layers of aluminum alloy, also their mechanical characteristics and resistance to changes in temperature can be compromised, and identically to the previous one, it requires metal supports for its installation.
work.
También debemos considerar que al tratarse de un material de encofrado en obra deberían poder clavarse puntas, y en algún caso procederse a serrar de forma sencilla para una mejor adaptación, lo que es muy difícil en este tipo de tableros anteriormente descritos.We must also consider that as it is a Formwork material on site should be able to nail points, and in some case proceed to saw easily for better adaptation, which is very difficult in this type of boards previously described.
Por tanto consideramos que la invención que preconizamos mejora y supera ampliamente las características mecánicas y de uso de lo hasta ahora conocido, consiguiendo además un importante abaratamiento de los costes y siendo además objeto de una importante facilidad de reciclado, cualidad tan demandada en la moderna industria.Therefore we consider that the invention that We recommend improvement and widely exceed the characteristics mechanical and use of the hitherto known, also getting an important cost reduction and also being the subject of an important recycling facility, a quality so demanded in the Modern industry
El tablero termoplástico autoportante para encofrado horizontal que la invención propone, se configura en sí misma como una evidente novedad dentro de su campo de aplicación, al reunir en su contexto la particularidad de mejorar las características técnicas, mecánicas, estéticas, de seguridad, salubridad e higiene de lo ya conocido.The self-supporting thermoplastic board for horizontal formwork that the invention proposes, is configured in itself same as an obvious novelty within its scope, by bringing together in its context the particularity of improving technical, mechanical, aesthetic, safety features, health and hygiene of what is already known.
De forma más concreta, el tablero termoplástico autoportante para encofrado horizontal objeto de la invención, está constituido a partir de dos capas resistentes, superior e inferior constituidas por un material termoplástico cargado con fibras de refuerzo y que presentan unas nervaduras interiores, opuestas entre sí, pero sin tocarse; y cuyo interior está constituido por un núcleo de material termoplástico aligerado, preferentemente por la adición de un gas o de un elemento de menor densidad.More specifically, the thermoplastic board self-supporting horizontal formwork object of the invention, is constituted from two resistant layers, upper and lower constituted by a thermoplastic material loaded with fibers of reinforcement and that have inner ribs, opposite between yes, but without touching; and whose interior is constituted by a core of lightened thermoplastic material, preferably by the adding a gas or a lower density element.
Las capas exteriores antes descritas pueden estar recubiertas de un fino recubrimiento constituido por una delgada capa de antideslizante, y/o un recubrimiento de dureza especialmente alta a la abrasión o los golpes, y/o una fina capa de aditivo que mejoren el desencofrado, y/o una capa en bajorrelieve que pueda quedar grabada en el hormigón desencofrado.The outer layers described above may be covered with a thin coating consisting of a thin layer of non-slip, and / or a hardness coating especially high to abrasion or shock, and / or a thin layer of additive that improve formwork, and / or a bas-relief layer that can be etched in the concrete formwork.
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, un juego de planos en el cual con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, is accompanied herein descriptive, as an integral part of it, a set of planes in which with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, it has been represented the following:
La figura número 1.- Corresponde a una vista en alzado perspectiva del objeto de la invención.Figure number 1.- Corresponds to a view in raised perspective of the object of the invention.
La figura número 2.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva lateral del objeto de la invención.Figure number 2.- Shows a view in lateral perspective of the object of the invention.
La figura número 3.- Muestra por último una vista en alzado lateral del objeto representado en las figuras anteriores.Figure number 3.- Finally shows a side elevation view of the object represented in the figures previous.
Y en todas ellas, con idéntica referencia para idéntica numeración podemos distinguir los siguientes elementos.And in all of them, with identical reference for identical numbering we can distinguish the following elements.
- (1)(one)
- Capa resistente superior.Cap tough top.
- (2)
- Capa resistente inferior.Cap resistant bottom.
- (3)(3)
- Núcleo aligerado.Lightened core.
- (4)(4)
- Capa externa superior de acabado.Cap External upper finish.
- (5)(5)
- Capa externa inferior de acabado.Cap lower external finish.
- (6)(6)
- Tabiques resistentes de (1) y (2).Resistant partitions of (1) and (2).
- (7)(7)
- Fibras resistentes de carga de los elementos (1) y (2)Load resistant fibers elements (1) and (2)
- (8)(8)
- Elementos ligeros o burbujas de gas.Light elements or bubbles of gas.
A la vista de estas figuras, puede observarse cómo el tablero termoplástico autoportante para encofrado horizontal, está constituido a partir de dos capas resistentes, superior (1) e inferior (2) de aproximadamente 3 mm. de espesor, y de forma rectangular de aproximadamente 500x2000 mm. fabricados en material termoplástico, preferentemente reciclable, y cargados con fibras (7) de refuerzo para aumentar la rigidez y además la resistencia a la flexión y provistos de unas nervaduras longitudinales (6) de aproximadamente 8 mm. de altura, 2 mm. de espesor y separadas sí entre 20/30 mm. dependiendo de la resistencia pedida.In view of these figures, it can be seen How the self-supporting thermoplastic formwork board horizontal, it consists of two resistant layers, upper (1) and lower (2) of approximately 3 mm. thick, and rectangular shape of approximately 500x2000 mm. manufactured in thermoplastic material, preferably recyclable, and loaded with reinforcing fibers (7) to increase stiffness and also the resistance to bending and provided with ribs longitudinal (6) of approximately 8 mm. height, 2 mm. from thickness and separated yes between 20/30 mm. depending on the resistance requested.
Dichas nervaduras (6) se encuentran enfrentadas pero separadas por al menos 6 mm.These ribs (6) are facing each other but separated by at least 6 mm.
Entre ambas capas resistentes (1) y (2) se encuentra el núcleo (3). Este núcleo de aproximadamente 21 mm. de espesor está constituido por un material termoplástico aligerado cuya misión fundamental es dar consistencia al conjunto y transmitir los esfuerzos generados durante su trabajo en obra a las capas exteriores (1) y (2) diseñadas y fabricadas para soportar los mayores esfuerzos.Between both resistant layers (1) and (2) are Find the core (3). This core of approximately 21 mm. from thickness consists of a lightened thermoplastic material whose fundamental mission is to give consistency to the whole and transmit the efforts generated during their work on site to outer layers (1) and (2) designed and manufactured to support The greatest efforts.
Los elementos de aligerado (8) pueden estar constituidos por alguno de los siguientes:The lightened elements (8) may be constituted by any of the following:
- --
- elementos más ligeros que el termoplástico usado;lighter elements than the thermoplastic used;
- --
- adicionando a la masa termoplástica gases desde el exterior, como hidrógeno, durante el proceso de transformación;adding to the thermoplastic mass gases from the outside, such as hydrogen, during the process of transformation;
- --
- añadiendo elementos químicos a la base termoplástica en estado de granza en una proporción adecuada para que dichos agentes reaccionen por temperatura y tiempo produciendo una cantidad de gases que quedan dentro de la masa.adding chemical elements to the base thermoplastic in pellet state in a proportion suitable for that said agents react by temperature and time producing a quantity of gases that remain within the mass.
- Estos elementos son capaces de disminuir sensiblemente la densidad del núcleo y por tanto del peso final que puede llegar a ser un 30% menor sin mermar las propiedades mecánicas o el comportamiento en servicio del conjunto.This elements are able to significantly decrease the density of the nucleus and by so much of the final weight that it can become 30% less without reduce mechanical properties or behavior in service of the set
Dado el carácter esencialmente de relleno que este núcleo central tiene, cabe perfectamente la posibilidad de emplear materiales de reciclado que sean aptos para transformarse y conseguir las características deseadas.Given the essentially filling character that this central core has, it fits perfectly the possibility of use recycling materials that are suitable for processing and Get the desired features.
Todas estas características configuran un tablero con unas cualidades que, aparte de las ya citadas, pueden citarse las siguientes:All these features configure a board with qualities that, apart from those already mentioned, can cite the following:
- \bullet?
- Resistencia a la luz solar.Light resistance solar.
- \bullet?
- Resistencia al rayado (de la ferralla, restos de hormigón, arena, etc.).Scratch resistance (of the ferralla, remains of concrete, sand, etc.).
- \bullet?
- Rotura no frágil.Break not fragile.
- \bullet?
- Resistencia al hormigón, productos desencofrantes, aditivos, etc.Concrete resistance, release agents, additives, etc.
- \bullet?
- Resistencia a golpes e impactos (ya sean fortuitos o producidos al desencofrar o limpiar de restos de hormigón o aditivos).Shock and impact resistance (either fortuitous or produced by decoupling or cleaning up debris of concrete or additives).
- \bullet?
- Inalterabilidad de las propiedades generales frente a los cambios de temperatura.Inalterability of general properties against temperature changes.
- \bullet?
- Facilidad para clavar puntas o su serrado en obra.Ease to nail tips or His saw in work.
- \bullet?
- Precio de coste inferior respecto al resto de tableros de encofrado de cualquier otro origen o fabricación.Lower cost price with respect to the rest of formwork boards of any other origin or manufacturing.
- \bullet?
- Peso muy contenido, siempre inferior a 18 kg. hasta en tableros de mayor dimensión de la habitual (750 cm. de ancho).Very contained weight, always less than 18 kg. even on larger boards of the usual (750 cm wide).
No se considera necesario hacer más extensa esta descripción para que cualquier experto en la materia comprenda el alcance de la invención y las ventajas que de la misma se derivan.It is not considered necessary to extend this description so that any subject matter expert understands the scope of the invention and the advantages thereof drift
Los materiales, forma, tamaño y disposición de los elementos serán susceptibles de variación, siempre y cuando ello no suponga una alteración a la esencialidad del invento.The materials, shape, size and layout of the elements will be susceptible to variation, as long as this does not imply an alteration to the essentiality of the invention.
Los términos en que se ha descrito esta memoria deberán ser tomados siempre con carácter amplio y no limitativo.The terms in which this report has been described they should always be taken broadly and not limitative.
Claims (6)
to.1. Self-supporting thermoplastic panel for horizontal formwork essentially characterized by being constituted by two upper (1) and lower (2) resistant layers, constituted by a thermoplastic material formed by a network of resistant fibers (7) and provided with longitudinal ribs of approximately two and a half times the thickness of the edge of (1) and (2) and a thickness of approximately 70% of the said edge and a separation between them approximately seven to ten times the amount of said edge, and the two opposing resistant layers facing each other so that the ribs are faced but without reaching the contact
to.
(8).2. Self-supporting thermoplastic panel for horizontal formwork according to the first claim and further characterized in that between both resistant layers (1) and (2) there is a lightened core (3) of a height approximately seven times the edge of the resistant layers already described, and constituted by a thermoplastic material lightened by gases (8), internal or injected from the outside, or by elements of lower density
(8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200300299A ES2258354B1 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2003-02-06 | AUTOPORTING THERMOPLASTIC BOARD FOR HORIZONTAL FORMWORK. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200300299A ES2258354B1 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2003-02-06 | AUTOPORTING THERMOPLASTIC BOARD FOR HORIZONTAL FORMWORK. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2258354A1 true ES2258354A1 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| ES2258354B1 ES2258354B1 (en) | 2008-02-16 |
Family
ID=36829907
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200300299A Expired - Fee Related ES2258354B1 (en) | 2003-02-06 | 2003-02-06 | AUTOPORTING THERMOPLASTIC BOARD FOR HORIZONTAL FORMWORK. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2258354B1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0487952A1 (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1992-06-03 | Gerhard Dingler | Building element |
| JPH08207190A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1996-08-13 | Mitsubishi Plastics Ind Ltd | Plastic composite panel |
| JPH10176417A (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 1998-06-30 | Yumiba Kensetsu Kk | Light-weight form material |
-
2003
- 2003-02-06 ES ES200300299A patent/ES2258354B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0487952A1 (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1992-06-03 | Gerhard Dingler | Building element |
| JPH08207190A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1996-08-13 | Mitsubishi Plastics Ind Ltd | Plastic composite panel |
| JPH10176417A (en) * | 1996-12-17 | 1998-06-30 | Yumiba Kensetsu Kk | Light-weight form material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2258354B1 (en) | 2008-02-16 |
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