ES2234401B1 - DEVICE AND CONTROL PROCEDURE FOR FEEDING RAILWAY TRACTION MACHINES FROM ALTERNATE AND CONTINUOUS CURRENT CATENARIES. - Google Patents

DEVICE AND CONTROL PROCEDURE FOR FEEDING RAILWAY TRACTION MACHINES FROM ALTERNATE AND CONTINUOUS CURRENT CATENARIES.

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Publication number
ES2234401B1
ES2234401B1 ES200301202A ES200301202A ES2234401B1 ES 2234401 B1 ES2234401 B1 ES 2234401B1 ES 200301202 A ES200301202 A ES 200301202A ES 200301202 A ES200301202 A ES 200301202A ES 2234401 B1 ES2234401 B1 ES 2234401B1
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Spain
Prior art keywords
bus
intensity
ref
delta
alternating
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ES2234401A1 (en
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Joseba Arza Alonso
Harkaitz IBAIONDO MADARIAGA
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Ingeteam Power Technology SA
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TECNICA ELECTRONICA DE AUTOMAT
TECNICA ELECTRONICA DE AUTOMATISMO Y MEDIDA SA
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L9/00—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
    • B60L9/16—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors
    • B60L9/24—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from ac supply lines
    • B60L9/28—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from ac supply lines polyphase motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/443—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M5/45—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositivo y procedimiento de control para alimentación de máquinas de tracción ferroviaria a partir de catenarias de corriente alterna y continua, que constan de un transformador (1) con su primario y al menos dos devanados secundarios (a) (b) que envía/n la tensión reducida a puentes (I, II) de interruptores semiconductores (1l, 13) (12, 14) regulables dispuestos de modo complementario en su estado de encendido/apagado, y en el que para corriente continua se desconecta el transformador (1) de la catenaria de alterna (2) y se cortocircuita el bobinado del primario (p), y se conectan los bobinados secundarios (a) (b) a la catenaria de continua (21) por una parte y a los puentes (I) (II) de los interruptores semiconductores, variando los tiempos de disparo de los semiconductores en base a la tensión de bus (Vbus) y la intensidad medida (i) en los devanados secundarios (a) (b). De aplicación en tracción ferroviaria.Device and control procedure for feeding railway traction machines from alternating and direct current catenaries, consisting of a transformer (1) with its primary and at least two secondary windings (a) (b) that sends / n the reduced jumper voltage (I, II) of semiconductor switches (1l, 13) (12, 14) adjustable in a complementary manner in their on / off state, and in which the transformer (1) is disconnected for direct current the alternating catenary (2) and the primary winding (p) is short-circuited, and the secondary windings (a) (b) are connected to the continuous catenary (21) on one side and to the bridges (I) (II) of the semiconductor switches, varying the firing times of the semiconductors based on the bus voltage (Vbus) and the measured current (i) in the secondary windings (a) (b). Of application in railway traction.

Description

Dispositivo y procedimiento de control para alimentación de máquinas de tracción ferroviaria a partir de catenarias de corriente alterna y continua.Device and control procedure for supply of railway traction machines from AC and DC power lines.

El presente invento se refiere a la alimentación eléctrica de las máquinas de locomoción en general y, más en particular a un proceso/dispositivo de alimentación para locomotora destinado a las zonas que dispongan tanto alimentación alterna como continua.The present invention relates to food electric locomotion machines in general and, more in particular to a locomotive feed process / device intended for areas that have both alternating power and keep going.

Ya se conocen circuitos de alimentación en alterna que se pueden utilizar en continua, pero en esos circuitos conocidos se hace una utilización pobre de los semiconductores y es necesario la adición de una inductancia.Power circuits are already known in alternates that can be used continuously, but in those circuits known is a poor use of semiconductors and is necessary the addition of an inductance.

En el proceso/dispositivo de alimentación del invento se consigue una alta disponibilidad de los semiconductores utilizados y del transformador principal además de la eliminación de la inductancia suplementaria que desempeña habitualmente la función de filtro de entrada. Con el invento se obtiene una mejora en el peso y volumen respecto a los dispositivos convencionales.In the process / feeding device of the invention is achieved high availability of semiconductors used and main transformer in addition to disposal of the supplementary inductance that the input filter function. With the invention an improvement is obtained in weight and volume compared to conventional devices.

La importancia de este filtro de entrada consistía en el filtrado de la parte alterna de la tensión de catenaria y la elevación de la impedancia de entrada a 50 Hz en zonas de alimentación de continua.The importance of this input filter it consisted of filtering the alternating part of the voltage of catenary and the input impedance rise to 50 Hz in Continuous feeding zones.

En catenarias de continua como por ejemplo RENFE en España, se transmite una información mediante una señal de 50 Hz sobre la tensión continua. Por lo tanto RENFE exige que el convertidor conectado a la catenaria presente una impedancia a 50 Hz superior a un valor determinado. Para conseguir esta impedancia (típicamente 2 Ohm) se aumenta considerablemente el valor de la inductancia.In continuous catenaries such as RENFE In Spain, information is transmitted using a 50 Hz signal On the continuous tension. Therefore RENFE demands that the converter connected to the catenary present an impedance at 50 Hz greater than a certain value. To get this impedance (typically 2 Ohm) the value of the inductance.

En el invento se consigue una disposición del circuito que puede funcionar tanto en catenaria de alterna como de continua. En funcionamiento en continua nos permite conseguir la impedancia exigida a 50 Hz u otra frecuencia sin necesidad de una inductancia suplementaria.In the invention an arrangement of the circuit that can work in both alternating catenary and keep going. In continuous operation allows us to achieve the impedance required at 50 Hz or other frequency without the need for a supplementary inductance.

La esencia del invento está en conseguir para corriente continua la impedancia que se desee en el circuito variando los tiempos de disparo de los semiconductores que se utilizaban en el circuito para corriente alterna, de modo que se aprovechan los elementos del circuito tanto para corriente alterna como para corriente continua y sin necesidad de añadir impedancias suplementarias.The essence of the invention is in getting for direct current the desired impedance in the circuit varying the firing times of the semiconductors that are used in the circuit for alternating current, so that leverage circuit elements for both alternating current as for direct current and no need to add impedances Supplementary

En concreto el procedimiento de alimentación alterna y continua para máquinas de locomoción objeto del invento parte de un circuito de alterna ya conocido que consta de un transformador con su primario y al menos dos devanados secundarios (a) (b) que envía/n la tensión reducida a al menos dos puentes (I, II) que constan cada uno de al menos dos pares de interruptores semiconductores regulables dispuestos de modo complementario en su estado de encendido/apagado, estando los puentes conectados en paralelo y originando a su salida una tensión de bus (V_{bus}) y que se caracteriza porque para la alimentación en continua se desconecta el transformador de la catenaria de alterna y se cortocircuita el bobinado del primario, y se conectan los bobinados secundarios (a) (b) a la catenaria de continua por una parte y a los puentes (I) (II) de los interruptores semiconductores por la otra, se halla la tensión de bus (V_{bus}) y la intensidad medida (i) en los devanados secundarios (a) (b) y un ordenador programado los tiempos de conducción (Ton) de los interruptores semiconductores de modo que se obtenga un valor de impedancia (Z) deseado en el circuito de acuerdo con la ecuación:Specifically the feeding procedure alternating and continuous for locomotion machines object of the invention part of an already known alternating circuit consisting of a transformer with its primary and at least two secondary windings (a) (b) that sends / n the reduced voltage to at least two bridges (I, II) consisting of each of at least two pairs of switches Adjustable semiconductors arranged in a complementary manner in their on / off state, with the jumpers connected in parallel and originating at its output a bus voltage (V_ {bus}) and which is characterized because for continuous feeding it disconnect the transformer from the alternating catenary and short-circuit the primary winding, and the windings are connected secondary (a) (b) to the continuous catenary on the one hand and to the jumpers (I) (II) of the semiconductor switches on the other, the bus voltage (V_ {bus}) and the measured current (i) are found in the secondary windings (a) (b) and a programmed computer the driving times (Ton) of the semiconductor switches of so that a desired impedance value (Z) is obtained in the circuit according to the equation:

Z=-\Delta Ton \cdot \frac{V_{bus}}{i} \cdot \frac{1}{T}

\hskip0,2cm
siendo T una constante.Z = - \ Delta Ton \ cdot \ frac {V_ {bus}} {i} \ cdot \ frac {1} {T} 
 \ hskip0,2cm
T being a constant.

El ordenador en base a los datos obtenidos de tensión (V_{bus}) y corriente (i) consigue la impedancia deseada (Z) variando los tiempos de conducción (ATon) de los semiconductores.The computer based on the data obtained from voltage (V_ {bus}) and current (i) achieves the desired impedance (Z) by varying the driving times (ATon) of the semiconductors

La figura 1 es una representación de un circuito conocido de alimentación en corriente alterna.Figure 1 is a representation of a circuit known AC power.

La figura 2 es una representación del circuito de la figura 1 dispuesto para alimentación en continua de acuerdo con el invento (sin los elementos de control).Figure 2 is a representation of the circuit of Figure 1 arranged for continuous feeding according to the invention (without the control elements).

La figura 3 es una representación de un circuito equivalente (Topología) para continua de un circuito ya conocido.Figure 3 is a representation of a circuit equivalent (Topology) for continuous circuit already known.

La figura 4 es una representación de un circuito equivalente (Topología) del circuito de la figura 2.Figure 4 is a representation of a circuit equivalent (Topology) of the circuit of Figure 2.

La figura 5 es una representación en bloques de los elementos de control de acuerdo con el invento.Figure 5 is a block representation of the control elements according to the invention.

En la figura 1 tenemos la disposición del circuito clásico (conocido) para servicio en corriente alterna. Una tensión alterna de catenaria por ejemplo 25 kV 50 Hz entre el conductor de catenaria (2) y la rueda rail (3) se reduce a través del transformador de red (1) con su primario (p) y secundarios (a) (b). Esta tensión reducida se lleva desde los devanados secundarios (por ejemplo, dos pueden ser 3, 4...) a y b a los puentes I y II (por ejemplo, dos pueden ser 3, 4....), que están constituidos cada uno de ellos por 4 interruptores por ejemplo IGBTs (o elementos equivalentes) y sus diodos correspondientes en antiparalelo. El puente I constituido por los semiconductores 11, 12, 13, 14 y el puente II por los semiconductores 21, 22, 23, 24. Los puentes están conectados en paralelo y alimentan a través de un circuito intermedio a un inversor (30) (por ejemplo) y este alimenta a su vez a los motores (m). Los puentes trabajan en los cuatro cuadrantes, esto es, con posibilidad de frenado del vehículo tractor regenerando a la red.In figure 1 we have the provision of Classic circuit (known) for alternating current service. A AC voltage for example 25 kV 50 Hz between the catenary conductor (2) and the rail wheel (3) is reduced through of the network transformer (1) with its primary (p) and secondary (a) (b). This reduced voltage is carried from the secondary windings (for example, two can be 3, 4 ...) a and b to bridges I and II (for example, two can be 3, 4 ...), which are constituted each one of them for 4 switches for example IGBTs (or elements equivalent) and their corresponding diodes in antiparallel. He bridge I consisting of semiconductors 11, 12, 13, 14 and the bridge II through semiconductors 21, 22, 23, 24. The bridges are connected in parallel and fed through a circuit intermediate to an inverter (30) (for example) and this in turn feeds to the engines (m). The bridges work in the four quadrants, that is, with the possibility of braking the tractor vehicle regenerating to the network.

En la figura 2 tenemos la disposición del circuito para catenaria de continua (2_{1}). Para la alimentación a corriente continua por ejemplo E=3000 V, y de acuerdo con el invento se desconecta el transformador de red (1), se cortocircuita el bobinado del primario (p) y los secundarios (a) (b) se utilizan ahora como inductancias. Conectamos los secundarios del transformador (a, b), que hacen ahora la función de inductancias, por una parte a la catenaria de continua (2_{1}) y por otra parte a los puentes I y II. Los medios electromecánicos para efectuar estas conexiones/desconexiones según se trabaje en alterna o en continua se consideran convencionales. Mediante estas inductancias y el control de los puentes I y II podemos modificar la impedancia a 50 Hz u otra que se desee y obtener un valor suficiente como para no necesitar una inductancia suplementaria o sobredimensionar los secundarios del transformador de red. Las dos ramas de cada puente se conectan entre sí en paralelo para aprovechar los semiconductores instalados.In figure 2 we have the provision of circuit for continuous catenary (2_ {1}). For feeding at direct current for example E = 3000 V, and according to the invention the mains transformer (1) is disconnected, short-circuited the winding of the primary (p) and the secondary (a) (b) are used Now as inductances. We connect the secondary transformer (a, b), which now function as inductances, on the one hand to the continuous catenary (2_ {1}) and on the other hand to bridges I and II. The electromechanical means to effect these connections / disconnections according to work in alternating or in Continuous are considered conventional. Through these inductances and control of bridges I and II we can modify the impedance at 50 Hz or other desired and obtain a sufficient value to not need a supplementary inductance or oversize Secondary network transformer. The two branches of each bridge they connect to each other in parallel to take advantage of semiconductors installed.

Para el control se dispone un procesador programado con sus tarjetas de entrada/salida, con los bloques básicos de control que aparecen en la figura 5.A processor is available for control programmed with your input / output cards, with the blocks basic controls shown in figure 5.

La descripción que sigue se refiere a un devanado de secundario por ejemplo (a) y su bloque (I), siendo las parejas (11, 13) y (12, 14) de IGBTs complementarios en su estado de encendido/apagado.The description that follows refers to a winding of secondary for example (a) and its block (I), being the pairs (11, 13) and (12, 14) of complementary IGBTs in their state of on off.

Se define (\alpha) como la razón entre el tiempo real (Ton) que ha estado conduciendo un IGBTs (por ejemplo (12) (14)) y el periodo (T) de la onda cuadrada (31) (figura 5) para su encendido: \propto=\frac{Ton}{T}(?) Is defined as the ratio between the real time (Ton) that has been driving an IGBTs (for example (12) (14)) and the period (T) of the square wave (31) (figure 5) for its on: \ propto = \ frac {Ton} {T}

En la figura 3 con un circuito clásico y una impedancia (Z) añadida se tiene: V_{bus \ 1} = \frac{E - Z \text{.}i}{1- \propto _{1}}, y en la figura 4, de acuerdo con el invento, se tiene:In figure 3 with a classic circuit and a added impedance (Z) is: V_ {bus \ 1} = \ frac {E-Z \ text {.} i} {1- \ propto1}, and in Figure 4, according to the invention, you have:

V_{bus \ 2} = \frac{E}{1- \propto _{2}} = \frac{E}{1-(\propto _{1} + \ \Delta \propto)}, y como se trata con ambos circuitos conseguir elV_ {bus \ 2} = \ frac {E} {1- \ propto2} = \ frac {E} {1 - (\ propto1 + \ \ Delta \ propto)}, and how it is treated with both circuits get the

mismo efecto: V_{bus \ 1} = V_{bus \ 2}same effect: V_ {bus \ 1} = V_ {bus \ 2}

\frac{E - Zi}{1- \propto_{1}} = \frac{E}{1-( \propto_{1} + \ \Delta \propto)} \ de \ donde \ \Delta \propto = \frac{- Zi}{V_{bus}}= \frac{ \Delta Tom}{T}\ frac {E-Zi} {1- \ propto_ {1}} = \ frac {E} {1- ( \ propto_ {1} + \ \ Delta \ propto)} \ de \ where \ \ Delta \ propto = \ frac {- Zi} {V_ {bus}} = \ frac {\ Delta Tom} {T}

es decir, que modificando los tiempos de conducción o disparo (Ton) que suponen variaciones \Delta \propto conseguimos los mismos efectos que la impedancia (Z) de un circuito clásico: Z = -\Delta \alpha \frac{V_{bus}}{i} = -\Delta Ton \cdot \frac{V_{bus}}{i} \cdot \frac{1}{T} siendo T una constante.that is, by modifying the times of driving or firing (Ton) involving variations? \ propto we get the same effects as the impedance (Z) of a classic circuit: Z = - \ Delta \ alpha \ frac {V_ {bus}} {i} = - \ Delta Ton \ cdot \ frac {V_ {bus}} {i} \ cdot \ frac {1} {T} where T is a constant.

Siendo (L) la inductancia de un secundario (a) (b) de trabajo se tiene (figura 2): E = L \frac{\Delta i}{\Delta Ton} de donde
\Delta i = \Delta Ton \cdot \frac{E}{L} = \Delta \propto \cdot \ \frac{T\text{.} E}{L} (T,E,L, son constantes): \Delta i= Cte \cdot \Delta \propto, siendo este \Delta i el \Delta de intensidad de referencia (\Delta i_{ref}).Being (L) the inductance of a secondary (a) (b) of work is had (Figure 2): E = L \ frac {\ Delta i} {\ Delta Ton} where
\ Delta i = \ Delta Ton \ cdot \ frac {E} {L} = \ Delta \ propto \ cdot \ \ frac {T \ text {.} E} {L} (T, E, L, are constant): Δi = Cte \ cdot \ Delta \ propto, this Δ i being the reference intensity Δ (Δ i_ {ref}).

Se miden la tensión de bus (V_{bus}) y la corriente (i) enviándose los datos a los bloques de control (40) del procesador. La tensión de bus (V_{bus}) se envía a un restador (41) que la resta de una tensión de referencia (V_{ref}), siendo este resto el error (42) que se tiene. El error (42) se introduce en un regulador proporcional integral (43) que con un multipli-
cador / ganancia (44) a ese error se obtiene una corriente de referencia (i_{ref}).The bus voltage (V_ {bus}) and the current (i) are measured by sending the data to the control blocks (40) of the processor. The bus voltage (V_ {bus}) is sent to a subtractor (41) that subtracts from a reference voltage (V_ {ref}), this remainder being the error (42). Error (42) is introduced in an integral proportional regulator (43) that with a multiplier
At this error, a reference current (i_ {ref}) is obtained.

Por otro lado y en base a las mencionadas medidas de tensión de bus (V_{bus}) y corriente (i) y en base a las ecuaciones descritas se calcula el incremento de intensidad de referencia (\Delta i_{ref}) que se suma a la corriente de referencia (i_{ref}) dando la intensidad definitiva de referencia (idr = i_{ref} + \Delta i_{ref}).On the other hand and based on the mentioned measures of bus voltage (V_ {bus}) and current (i) and based on the equations described calculate the intensity increase of reference (\ Delta i_ {ref}) that adds to the current of reference (i_ {ref}) giving the definitive reference intensity (idr = i_ {ref} + \ Delta i_ {ref}).

En un comparador (45) se comparan la intensidad definitiva de referencia (idr) con la corriente medida (i) y su salida se envía (reset) a una báscula (46) que recibe como entrada una onda cuadrada (47) a periodo (T) constante (frecuencia de conmutación de los IGBTs constante) de modo que los IGBTs se encienden/apagan si la corriente definitiva de referencia (idr) es mayor/menor respectivamente que la corriente medida (i), y como ya se ha explicado, modificando los tiempos de encendido se modifica \alpha y en consecuencia se obtiene el efecto de impedancia (Z) deseado.In a comparator (45) the intensity is compared definitive reference (idr) with the measured current (i) and its output is sent (reset) to a scale (46) that receives as input a square wave (47) at a constant period (T) (frequency of constant switching of the IGBTs) so that the IGBTs are turn on / off if the definitive reference current (idr) is higher / lower respectively than the measured current (i), and as already has been explained, modifying the ignition times is modified α and consequently the impedance effect (Z) is obtained wanted.

Claims (4)

1. Procedimiento de control para alimentación de máquinas de tracción ferroviaria a partir de catenarias de corriente alterna y continua, de los que constan de un circuito con un transformador (1) con su primario y al menos dos devanados secundarios (a) (b) que envía/n la tensión reducida a al menos dos puentes (I, II) que constan cada uno de al menos dos pares de interruptores semiconductores (11, 13) (12, 14) regulables dispuestos de modo complementario en su estado de encendido/apagado, estando los puentes conectados en paralelo y originando a su salida una tensión de bus (V_{bus}) caracterizado porque se desconecta el transformador (1) de la catenaria de alterna (2) y1. Control procedure for feeding railway traction machines from alternating and direct current catenaries, which consist of a circuit with a transformer (1) with its primary and at least two secondary windings (a) (b) which sends / n the reduced voltage to at least two bridges (I, II) each consisting of at least two pairs of adjustable semiconductor switches (11, 13) (12, 14) arranged in a complementary manner in their on / off, the jumpers being connected in parallel and causing a bus voltage (V_ {bus}) at its output characterized in that the transformer (1) is disconnected from the alternating catenary (2) and a) se cortocircuita el bobinado del primario (p), y se conectan los bobinados secundarios (a) (b) a la catenaria de continua (2_{1}) por una parte y a los puentes (I) (II) de los interruptores semiconductores, por la otraa) the primary winding (p) is shorted, and the secondary windings (a) (b) are connected to the catenary of continuous (2_ {1}) on the one hand and to the bridges (I) (II) of the semiconductor switches, on the other b) se hallan las medidas de la tensión de bus (V_{bus}) y la intensidad medida (i) en los devanados secundarios (a) (b) y en base a dichos datosb) the bus voltage measurements are found (V_ {bus}) and the measured intensity (i) in the secondary windings (a) (b) and based on such data c) un ordenador programado modifica los tiempos de conducción (Ton) de los interruptores semiconductores de modo que se obtenga un valor de impedancia (Z) deseado en el circuito de acuerdo con la ecuaciónc) a programmed computer modifies the times driving (Ton) of the semiconductor mode switches that a desired impedance value (Z) is obtained in the circuit according to the equation Z= - \Delta Ton \cdot \frac{V_{bus}}{i} \cdot \frac{1}{T}
\hskip0,2cm
siendo T una constante.Z = - \ Delta Ton \ cdot \ frac {V_ {bus}} {i} \ cdot \ frac {1} {T} 
 \ hskip0,2cm
T being a constant. 2. Procedimiento de control para alimentación de máquinas de tracción ferroviaria a partir de catenarias de corriente alterna y continua, según reivindicación primera, caracterizado porque el ordenador programado efectúa las siguientes operaciones:2. Control procedure for feeding railway traction machines from alternating and direct current catenaries, according to claim one, characterized in that the programmed computer performs the following operations: a) se halla un error al restar la tensión de bus (V_{bus}) de una tensión de referencia (V_{ref}),a) an error is found when subtracting the bus voltage (V_ {bus}) of a reference voltage (V_ {ref}), b) se suma ese error a la suma de errores anteriores y se amplifica el resultado y se obtiene un valor que se utiliza como intensidad de referencia (i_{ref}),b) that error is added to the sum of errors above and the result is amplified and a value is obtained that use as reference intensity (i_ {ref}), c) se calcula un incremento de intensidad de referencia (\Delta i_{ref}) de acuerdo con la ecuación: \Delta i_{ref}= - Cte \cdot \frac{Zi}{V_{bus}}, siendo Z el valor de una impedancia conocida.c) an increase in intensity of reference (\ Delta i_ {ref}) according to the equation: \ Delta i_ {ref} = - Cte \ cdot \ frac {Zi} {V_ {bus}}, where Z is the value of a known impedance d) se suma el incremento de intensidad de referencia (\Delta i_{ref}) a la intensidad de referencia obteniéndose una intensidad definitiva de referencia (idr).d) the increase in intensity of reference (\ Delta i_ {ref}) to the reference intensity obtaining a definitive reference intensity (idr). e) se comparan la intensidad medida (i) con la intensidad definitiva de referencia (idr) y se decidee) the measured intensity (i) is compared with the definitive reference intensity (idr) and it is decided f) encender/apagar los semiconductores regulables si la corriente definitiva de referencia (idr) es mayor/menor respectivamente que la corriente de medida.f) turn on / off the adjustable semiconductors if the definitive reference current (idr) is higher / lower respectively that the measurement current. 3. Dispositivo de control para alimentación de máquinas de tracción ferroviaria a partir de catenarias de corriente alterna y continua, caracterizado porque consta de:3. Control device for feeding railway traction machines from alternating and direct current catenaries, characterized in that it consists of: a) medios para desconectar el transformador (1) de la catenaria de alterna, medios para cortocircuitar el primario, y medios para conectar los secundarios (a) (b) a la catenaria de continua (2_{1}) por una parte, y por la otra a los puentes de los interruptores semiconductores,a) means to disconnect the transformer (1) of the alternating catenary, means to short circuit the primary, and means to connect the secondary (a) (b) to the catenary of continue (2_ {1}) on the one hand, and on the other to the bridges of the semiconductor switches, b) medios para hallar la tensión de bus (V_{bus}) y la intensidad medida (i) en los devanados secundarios (a) (b),b) means to find the bus voltage (V_ {bus}) and the measured intensity (i) in the secondary windings (a) (b), c) un ordenador programado que dispone de medios para modificar los tiempos de conducción (Ton) de los interruptores semiconductores de modo que se obtenga una impedancia (Z) deseada en el circuito de acuerdo con la ecuaciónc) a programmed computer that has means to modify the driving times (Ton) of the switches semiconductors so that a desired impedance (Z) is obtained in the circuit according to the equation Z= - \Delta Ton \cdot \frac{V_{bus}}{i} \cdot \frac{1}{T}
\hskip0,2cm
siendo T una constante.Z = - \ Delta Ton \ cdot \ frac {V_ {bus}} {i} \ cdot \ frac {1} {T} 
 \ hskip0,2cm
T being a constant. 4. Dispositivo de control para alimentación de máquinas de tracción ferroviaria a partir de catenarias de corriente alterna y continua, según reivindicación tercera, caracterizado porque los medios del ordenador para modificar los tiempos de conducción (Ton) constan de:4. Control device for feeding railway traction machines from alternating and direct current catenaries, according to claim 3, characterized in that the computer means for modifying the driving times (Ton) consist of: a) un restador (41) que resta a una tensión de referencia (V_{ref}) la tensión de bus (V_{bus}), siendo dicha resta el error que se introduce ena) a subtractor (41) remaining at a voltage of reference (V_ {ref}) the bus voltage (V_ {bus}), being said subtract the error that is entered in b) un regulador proporcional integral (43) que envía su señal ab) an integral proportional regulator (43) that send your signal to c) un multiplicador (44) cuya salida hace de valor de intensidad de referencia (i_{ref})c) a multiplier (44) whose output acts as reference intensity value (i_ {ref}) d) un algoritmo que en base a la ecuación : \Delta i \ ref = - Cte \cdot \frac{Z \text{.}i}{V_{bus}}, siendo z un valor conocido de impedancia, calcula un incremento de intensidad de referencia (\Delta i_{ref}) que se envía ad) an algorithm that based on the equation: \ Delta i \ ref = - Cte \ cdot \ frac {Z \ text {.} I} {V_ {bus}}, being z a known impedance value, calculates an increase of reference intensity (\ Delta i_ {ref}) that is sent to e) un sumador que lo suma a intensidad de referencia (i_{ref}) dando un valor de intensidad definitivo de referencia (idr) que se envía ae) an adder that adds it to the intensity of reference (i_ {ref}) giving a definite intensity value of reference (idr) that is sent to f) un comparador (45) que compara el valor de intensidad definitivo de referencia (idr) con la intensidad medida (i) enviando su señal de salida af) a comparator (45) that compares the value of definitive reference intensity (idr) with the measured intensity (i) sending your output signal to g) una bascula que tiene en su otra entrada una señal de periodo constante (T) y su salida controla el encendido/apagado de los interruptores semiconductores.g) a scale that has in its other entry a constant period signal (T) and its output controls the on / off of semiconductor switches.
ES200301202A 2003-05-22 2003-05-22 DEVICE AND CONTROL PROCEDURE FOR FEEDING RAILWAY TRACTION MACHINES FROM ALTERNATE AND CONTINUOUS CURRENT CATENARIES. Expired - Fee Related ES2234401B1 (en)

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