ES2207420A1 - Method of preparing novel fluorinated acrylic monomers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a product (I) having formula Rf(n)-(CC)m-(CH2)r-O-CO-C(Z)=CH2, wherein: Rf(n)- denotes a radical with perfluoroalkyl chain F(CF2)n- n is 2-20 m is 1-2 r is 1-10 and Z is selected from H and methyl. Said product is prepared from alcohol intermediate (II) having formula Rf(n)-(CC)m-(CH2)r-OH, by reaction in solution with CI-COC(Z)=CH2 in the presence of a base. Intermediate (II) is obtained by reacting iodide Rf(n)-CC-I with alcohol HCC-(CH2)r-OH in the presence of copper iodide and diisopropylamine. Iodide Rf(n)-CC-I is obtained through the treatment in an inert dissolvent of Rf(n)-CH=C(I)-SiMe3 with a strong base and subsequent reaction with iodine. Product (I) is used for copolymerisation with already-known non-fluorinated monomers and for the production of polymers having characteristics which are much appreciated in the textile field, providing fabrics with high water and oil repellency.

Description

Preparation procedure for new monomers fluorinated acrylics.

The present invention relates to products fluorinated monomers that are used industrially for obtaining coating polymers that provide fabrics with high water and fat repellency, and procedures to obtain it

Prior art

The interest in obtaining new monomers fluoridated is increasing lately because its subsequent polymerization produces materials with very characteristic appreciated, such as low surface tension, stability thermal and chemical, and a peculiar optical behavior and electronic. Specifically in the textile field, copolymerization in emulsion of said fluorinated monomers gives rise to copolymers that, when properly applied on different fabrics nature, give them a high repellency to both water and oil. It is known that perfluoroalkyl groups provide hydro and lipophobia to the surface of the tissue on which it apply

Generally these fluorinated monomers are copolymerize with hydrogenated monomers, so that, in addition to improve its processing, the cost of the copolymer is reduced, increasing the attractiveness of these products for their scale manufacturing industrial.

One of the most commonly used families of fluorinated monomers for obtaining said copolymers is that of the compounds of the formula Rf (n) - (CH 2) 1-11 -OCOCH = CH 2, where Rf (n) is a special and usual notation in this field to denote a perfluoroalkyl radical of the formula F- (CF2) n -, and n can have the values 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, etc., although the major component in the polymer is the monomer having a value of n equal to 6 or 8 (cf. EP 1,016,700 A1, US 4,742,140).

The preparation of fluorinated alcohols is known with a single triple link of general formula Rf (n) -C? C-CR 1 R 2 OH, where n = 6 or 8, and R1 and R2 are interchangeably H, methyl or ethyl (cf. EP 83. 274 A1), although not the formation of their corresponding acrylates or methacrylates, nor their subsequent polymerization. The preparation of these alcohols comprises the electrochemical addition of a perfluoroalkyl iodide on the corresponding acetylenic system, followed by a dehydroiodination in basic medium with yields that vary substantially depending on the value of R1 and R2.

No fluorinated monomers containing diacetylenes were known until acrylates of the general formula Rf (n) - (CH2) m -C \ equivC-C \ equivC- (CH2) _ were described in 1996 3} -OCOCH = CH_ {2}, where n = 6, 8 and m > 3. (cf. KG Marra and TM Chapman, Polym Prep. Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Polym. Chem. , 1996, vol .37, p. 286). In this document the preparation of the monomers (with m > 3) and the polymerization in solution thereof were described, yielding, with 61%, polymers whose water repellency was demonstrated by determining the contact angles. The cited document indicates that attempts to obtain the corresponding monomers with m = 0, 1, 2, 3 were totally unsuccessful. The inventors of the present invention believe that this limitation in the process of obtaining the monomers when m takes a value lower than 4 is due to the fact that, in the corresponding reaction between a lithic derivative (in this case Me 3 Si-C equ-C-C C-Li) and an iodide containing the perfluoroalkyl chain (in this case I- (CH 2) m -Rf (n)), instead of the desired nucleophilic attack, a trasmetalación reaction (see previous reference and US 6,153,322).

There is, therefore, industrial interest in having alternative procedures that overcome state limitations of the technique, allowing the obtaining of monomers analogous to known as well as obtaining new monomers with different properties

Explanation of the invention.

According to one aspect of the present invention, new monomer products of general formula (I) are provided, wherein Rf (n) - denotes a perfluoroalkyl chain radical F (CF 2) n -; n is a 2-20 integer; m is an integer selected from 1 to 2; r is an integer 1-10; and Z is selected from H and methyl.

Rf (n) - (C \ equiv C) m - (CH2) r -O-CO-C (Z) = CH2 \ eqnum {(I)}

Products (I) where n is 2-12 are preferred; and r is 1-4; and especially preferred are those where n is 4-8, and where r is selected from 1 to 2. In a particular embodiment of the invention, r = 1; and in another particular embodiment r = 2. In a particular embodiment of the invention, Z = H; and in another particular embodiment Z is methyl. In a particular embodiment of the invention, m = 1; and in another particular embodiment m = 2.

It is also part of the present invention provide a procurement procedure for the products of formula (I), according to which the intermediate alcohols of formula Rf (n) - (C C C) m - (CH 2) r -OH (II) are reacted in solution (eg methylene chloride) with Cl-COC (Z) = CH2 in the presence of a base, preferably triethylamine.

Another aspect of the invention relates to obtaining new intermediates of the formula Rf (n) -C? C-C? C (CH 2) r -OH (IIa), useful for obtaining the monomers (Ia), that is, the products of formula (I) where m is 2, and the other symbols have the same meaning. Intermediates where n is 2-12 are preferred; and r is 1-10, especially 1-2; and intermediates where n is 4-8 are especially preferred. In a particular embodiment, r = 1; and in another, r = 2.

It is also part of the present invention provide a procedure for obtaining intermediate (IIa), according to which the iodide is reacted in solution Rf (n) -C \ equivC-I with the alcohol HC \C- (CH2) r -OH, in the presence of cuprous iodide and diisopropylamine. In a preferred embodiment of the procedure, iodide Rf (n) -C = C-I is obtained by treatment in an inert solvent of Rf (n) -CH = C (I) -SiMe_ {3} with a strong base selected from t-butoxide potassium and 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-eno, and subsequent reaction with iodine.

The synthetic routes carried out to obtain the monomers (I) are different depending on whether r = 1 or if r = 2, although there are some common reactions for both synthetic strategies such as the reaction of addition, elimination and esterification (Schemes 1 and 2).

Obtaining the monomers Rf (n) -C \ equivC-CH2 OCOC (Z) = CH2 (Ib)

The preparation of these monomers with global yields between 30-40% is carried out following a synthetic route formed by four stages (cf. Scheme 1). The addition reaction (step 1) is carried out following the mild conditions described by W-Huang et al. (Cf. W. Huang, Y. Zhang, Chin. J. Chem. , 1990, 350), whereby achieves an addition of the perfluorinated chain on acetylenic systems with good yields (70-95%), in short reaction times (30-45 min) and without the need to carry out a subsequent stage of purification of the final olefin.

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Scheme 1 Preparation of monomer products (Ib) Stage 1: Addition

       \ dotable {\ tabskip6pt # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ tabskip0ptplus1fil \ dddarstrut \ cr} {
 + NaHCO3 / Na2S2O4, ACN / H2O \ + \ cr
Rf (n) - I +
H - C C C - SiMe 3 \ + - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -> \ +
Rf (n) - CH = Cl-
SiMe 3 \ cr}
    

Stage 2: Elimination

       \ dotable {\ tabskip6pt # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ tabskip0ptplus1fil \ dddarstrut \ cr} {
 \ + K t BuO, ethyl ether \ + \ cr
Rf (n) - CH = Cl - SiMe 3 \ + - -
- - - - - - - - - - - -> \ + Rf (n) -
C \ equiv CH \ cr}
    

Stage 3: Nucleophilic attack on paraformaldehyde

       \ dotable {\ tabskip6pt # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ tabskip0ptplus1fil \ dddarstrut \ cr} {
 \ + i. BuLi, ethyl ether; ii. (CH 2 O) n \ + \ cr
Rf (n) - C \ equiv CH \ + - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - -> \ + Rf (n) - C? C- CH 2 OH
(IIb) \ cr}
    

Stage 4: Esterification

       \ dotable {\ tabskip6pt # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ tabskip0ptplus1fil \ dddarstrut \ cr} {
 + Et 3 N, CH 2 Cl 2 \ + \ cr (IIb) +
ClCOC (Z) = CH2, \ + - - - - - - - - - -> \ +
Rf (n) - C? C- CH2OCO- CH3
(Ib) \ cr}
    

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This reaction, whose mechanism is believed to be radicalario, has many advantages, such as the simplicity, the use of affordable reagents, the wide range of products on which it can be applied and the regioselectivity. However, the reaction generally shows a bad diasteroselectivity, obtained in most of the examples described above a mixture of E: Z diastereomers with a ratio that may vary depending on the reagent pair (cf. EP 83. 274 Al; US 4,394,225, US 4,818,734).

The elimination reaction (step 2) has also been carried out following a procedure previously described in this case by K. Baum et al. (Cf. US 4,347,376). It is known that the dehydroiodination of this type of olefins is very sensitive to the base used, with K t ButO or 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene being the best reagents for the optimization of yields In this way and using the first of the aforementioned bases, terminal acetylene is obtained with moderate yields (50% estimated by GC / MS). The difficulty in isolating terminal acetylene by distillation should be noted, due to the similar boiling points they possess ( n = 6, p. Eb = 95 ° C / 760 mmHg; n = 8, p. Eb = 147 ° C / 750 mmHg) with some siloxanes that are formed in the course of the reaction (Me 3 Si-O-SiM 3, eg = 101 ° C / 760 mm Hg and t Bu-O-SiMe_ {3} p. Eb = 104 ° C / 760 mmHg).

Once perfluorinated acetylene is obtained, the option chosen to reach the alcohol that leads to the acrylic and methacrylic monomers is the nucleophilic attack of acetylide, formed by deprotonation with BuLi, with an electrophilic system such as paraformaldehyde (step 3). The same experimental procedure is followed as described in the literature for the preparation of some carbinoles (cf. P. Moreau, N. Naji, A. Commeyras, Journal of Fluorine Chemistry , 1985, 30, 315). The reaction takes place with practically quantitative yields and the desired alcohol is easily purified by percolation.

The last step of the synthetic route consists of an esterification reaction using acid chlorides corresponding commercials. The HCl that emerges in the The course of the reaction is neutralized with anhydrous Et 3 N. The obtained yields are included for all cases between 75-90% regardless of the length of the perfluorinated chain

Obtaining the monomers Rf (n) -C \ equivC-Cl \ equivC-CH_ {2} -CH_ {2} -OCOC (Z) = CH_ {2} (Ia)

The overall returns in the preparation of these monomers are lower than those observed for the previous family of acrylic compounds and move between the 20-25% Its obtaining is done following a route synthetic also formed by four stages (Scheme 2).

As can be seen, the preparation of these monomers begins with the same addition reaction (step 1) used in the above synthetic route. Again, the dehydroiodination of the olefin obtained is carried out, although in this case it is followed by the addition of elemental iodine, thereby producing a nucleophilic attack of the potassium acetylide formed with the iodine (step 2). It is therefore an elimination-iodination reaction in a single vessel (in English, " one pot "), with yields of the order of 40%. It should be noted that in the literature the preparation of these compounds had been achieved by the addition of I 2 to terminal acetylenes and subsequent dehydration (cf. P. Moreau, A. Commeyras, J. Chem., Chem. Commun. , 1985 , 12, 817), or by unexpected reactions suffered by perfluoroalkynylmagnesians with bromine (cf. G. Santini, M. Le Blanc, JG Riess, J. Organomet. Chem. , 1975, 102 (3), C21-C24) .

The next step (stage 3) consists of a sp-sp coupling reaction catalyzed with Cu +. A large number of conditions are described in the literature of reaction for this type of reactions. Most of them they consist of the use of a cuprous salt (in catalytic amounts) and of a base that aims to neutralize the acid that it is detached during the progress of the reaction, while helps dissolve the cuprous derivative that forms acetylene terminal. After numerous tests, Scheme 2 (step 3) shows indicate the best conditions found herein invention, obtaining the desired alcohol with a yield, after a column purification, which ranges from 80-90% The fact that it does not exist is remarkable no bibliographic antecedents until the moment of links of alkynes containing a perfluorinated chain.

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Scheme 2 Preparation of monomers (Ia) Stage 1: Addition

       \ dotable {\ tabskip6pt # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ tabskip0ptplus1fil \ dddarstrut \ cr} {
 + NaHCO3 / Na2S2O4, ACN / H2O \ + \ cr
Rf (n) - I +
H - C C C - SiMe 3 \ + - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -> \ +
Rf (n) - CH = Cl-
SiMe 3 \ cr}
    

Stage 2: Elimination + Iodization

       \ dotable {\ tabskip6pt # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ tabskip0ptplus1fil \ dddarstrut \ cr} {
 \ + i. K t BuO, ethyl ether; ii. I2 \ + \ cr
Rf (n) - CH = CI - SiMe 3 \ + - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -> \ + Rf (n) -
C \ equiv C - l \ cr}
    

Stage 3: Coupling

       \ dotable {\ tabskip6pt # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ tabskip0ptplus1fil \ dddarstrut \ cr} {
 \ + Cul, Pr2 NH, ethyl ether \ + \ cr
Rf (n) - C \ equiv C - l +
H-C? C-CH2-CH2-OH
\ + - - - - - - - - - -> \ +
Rf (n) - C C C - C - C - CH 2 - CH 2 OH cr
    

Stage 4: Esterification

       \ dotable {\ tabskip6pt # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ + # \ hfil \ tabskip0ptplus1fil \ dddarstrut \ cr} {
 + ClCOC (Z) = CH2, Et3N, CH2Cl2 \ + \ cr
Rf (n) - C C C - C - C - CH 2 - CH 2 OH
\ + - - - - - - - - - - - - - -> \ +
Rf (n) - C C C-C C C-CH 2 -CH 2 -OCO-C (Z) = CH 2 \ cr}
    

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       \ global \ parskip \ baselineskip
    

Finally, and in the same way that has described above, the alcohol obtained is esterified to form the corresponding acrylates and methacrylates with 70-80% yields.

Thus, the present invention provides a new family of perfluorinated acrylic monomers suitable for Preparation of satisfactory hydro- and lipophobic coatings. The development of these new synthetic strategies allows to reach to monomers that, in addition to having a single chain length perfluorinated alkyl, contain triple bonds whose properties (eg their affinity for dyes) have found applications in the textile field (cf. US 3,857,821).

From the description and through practice of the invention, for the person skilled in the art will be evident additional objects, advantages and new features of it. The following examples are provided by way of illustration, and not They are intended to limit the invention.

Examples

NMR spectra have been recorded in a Varian Unity-300 system (300 MHz), taking as internal reference the TMS for the 1 H and 13 C spectra and the CCl 3 F for the 19 F spectra. Those products that contain If they have been made without internal standard. The samples they have dissolved in CDCl3. IR spectra have been performed in film on NaCl tablet with a spectrophotometer Perkin-Elmer Spectrum-one. The masses  have been determined by electronic impact (IE, 70 e.v.) in a Hewlett Packard 5973 mass spectrometer coupled to a HP 6890 Series gas chromatograph. The reactions have been monitored by GC / EM, using an HP column 19091J-433, HP-5, 5% Phenyl Methyl Siloxane (0.25 µm).

Example 1 Preparation of 2H-perfluoro-1-iodo-1-trimethylsilyl-1-octene

In a 100 ml flask, 28 ml of ACN are introduced and 19 ml of distilled water and cooled to 10-15 ° C Then 4 ml (18.5 mmol) are added of 1-iodoperfluorohexane, 2.6 ml (18.5 mmol) of trimethylsilylacetylene, 1,865 g (22.2 mmol) of NaHCO 3 and 3,862 g (22.2 mmol) of Na 2 S 2 O 4. The mixture is maintained stirring at 10-15 ° C. After 1 h, the stirring and distilled water is added to the reaction flask until Get dissolve all salts. The contents of the flask in a 500 ml extraction funnel, the product is extracted with ethyl ether (3 x 100 ml) and the organic phase is washed with saturated NaCl solution (2 x 100 ml). It dries with Na 2 SO 4 anh, filtered and evaporated to dryness, yielding 8.541 g (15.7 mmol, 85%) of a yellowish oil that With the passage of time it takes a pinkish color. It is a mixture of the diasteroisomers E: Z (1: 1) of 2H-perfluoro-1-iodo-1-trimethylsilyl-1-octene, identified by its 19 F NMR spectra, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 544 (M); 73 (SiMe_3); IR (film, \ upsilon, cm -1): 2963; 2927 (st C_3 sp -H); 1588 (st C = C); 1240; 1202; 1146 (st C-F); 847 (st Sic).

Example 2 Preparation of 2H-perfluoro-1-iodo-1-trimethylsilyl-1-decene

Using 1-iodoperfluorooctane as a reagent and following the recipe described in example 1, Obtain the desired product with a 79% yield. his identification is performed by its 19 F NMR spectra, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 644 (M); 629 (M-CH 3); 73 (SiMe_3); IR (film, λ, cm -1): 2962, 2905 (st CSp 3 -H); 1588 (st C = C); 1243; 1202; 1135 (st C-F); 847 (Sic).

Example 3 Preparation of 1H-perfluoro-1-octino

93 spherical flasks are introduced 93 ml of anh ethyl ether and 6.127 g (54.598 mmol) of K + Bu t O-. It is cooled to -20 ° C and 7.634 g is added slowly (14.0 mmol) of 2H-perfluoro-1-iodo-1-trimethylsilyl-1 -octene. Once the addition is finished, the contents of the flask are maintained with stirring for 1 h at -20 ° C and then another 4 h at 0 ° C. After this time, 52 ml of water are added to the flask at 0 ° C 3N HCl solution. It is kept 30 min under stirring and subsequently the contents of the ball are poured into a funnel of extraction. The ethereal phase is washed and washed with water (3 x 100 ml), dried with Na2SO4 anh and filtered. To isolate the desired product is necessary to distill the crude, obtaining the desired product impurified by solvent and siloxanes formed in the reaction. Performance in 1H-perfluoro-1-octino It has been estimated by GC / MS of 50%. It has been characterized by NMR of 19 F, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 325 (M-F); 169 (CF 3 CF 2 CF 2); 69 (CF 3); IR (film, \ upsilon, cm -1): 2131 (st C = C); 1239; 1206; 1146 (st C-F).

Example 4 Preparation of 1 H-perfluoro-1-decino

To get the product 1 H-perfluoro-1-decino the same experimental conditions detailed in the example 3 but using 2H-perfluoro-1-iodo-1-trimethylsilyl-1-decene. The desired product yield estimated by GC / MS is 50%. It has been characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. EM (IE): 425 (M-F); 169 (CF 3 CF 2 CF 2); 69 (CF 3); IR (film,?, Cm -1): 3316 (st C = C? H); 2147 (st C \ equivC); 1212; 1200; 1136 st C-F).

Example 5 Preparation of 1-iodine-1-perfluorooctin

In a 250 ml spherical flask 45 ml are added of anh ether and 5,879 g (52.4 mmol) of K t BuO. It takes the mixture at -20 ° C under nitrogen atmosphere and little is added to little 3,622 g (6,658 mmol) of 2H-perfluoro-1 -iodo-1-trimethylsilyl-1-octene. It is left under stirring under nitrogen atmosphere at -20 ° C for 1 h and then 4 h more at 0 ° C. After this time, he takes the reaction flask to room temperature and are added 3.382 g (13.3 mmol) of 12 for 1 h. The contents of the flask in an extraction funnel containing 100 ml of water distilled and the organic phase is extracted, which is washed with water (1 x 100 ml), with 1 M Na 2 S 2 O 3 solution (2 x 100 ml) and with water (1 x 100 ml), dried with Na2SO4 anh, filter and evaporate to dryness. The product is obtained impurified with siloxanes derived from the initial elimination reaction. TO from the GC / MS a performance is estimated in 1-iodine-1-perfluorooctin 43%, which has been characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 470 (M); 201 (M-05F11); 69 (CF3); IR (film,?, Cm -1): 2196 (st C \ civC); 1241; 1200; 1146 (st C-F).

Example 6 Preparation of 1-iodine-1-perfluorodecin

The 1-iodine-1-perfluorodecin it is synthesized as described in example 5 but using as a starting product the 2H-perfluoro-1-iodine-1 -trimethylsilyl-1-decene with a 44% yield determined by GC / MS. This product has been characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 570 (M); 201 (M-C 7 F 15); 69 (CF 3).

Example 7 Preparation of 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-noninol

100 mg (0.291 is weighed in a 10 ml flask mmol) of 1H-perfluoro-1-octactin and dissolved in 1 ml of anhydrous ether. It cools down to -40 ° C and it add 300 µl of BuLi 2M solution (0.600 mmol) dropwise in pentane Once the addition is finished, the contents of the ball are maintained with stirring at -40 ° C for 2 h, after which 10 are added mg (0.333 mmol) of paraformaldehyde and allowed to react at -40 ° C for 3 h. It is then allowed to warm to temperature ambient and stirring is maintained for an additional 16 h. The content from the flask is poured into an extraction funnel containing 3 ml of ethyl ether and 3 ml of water. The organic phase is extracted and wash with water (3 x 3 ml), dry with Na2SO4 anh, filter and dry evaporates to dryness. The product 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-noninol it is purified by a percolation in SiO2 (2 cm x 6 cm), eluting with hexane: AcOEt (9: 1), 108 mg (0.289 mmol, 100%). The product has been characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 373 (M-H); 55 (M-C 6 F 13); IR (film, \ upsilon, cm -1): 3345 (st OH); 2966; 2936; 2875 (st C_3 -H); 2265 (st C \ equivC); 1240; 1204; 1147 (st C-F).

Example 8 Preparation of 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-undecinol

In the same way as described in the example 7, 93 mg (0.196 mmol, 97%) of the alcohol are prepared 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-undecinol starting from 90 mg (0.202 mmol) of 1H-perfluoro-1-decino. It is characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 473 (M-H); 55 (M-C 8 F 17); IR (film,?, Cm -1): 3337 (st OH); 2937; 2869 (st C_3 -H); 2263 (st C \ equivC); 1240; 1209; 1148 (st C-F).

Example 9 Preparation of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-undecadiinol

3,129 g (6,658 g) are weighed in a 50 ml flask mmol) of 1-iodo-1-perfluorooctin and they are dissolved in 12 ml of anh ethyl ether. Under atmosphere of nitrogen and at room temperature 1.0 mI (13.2 mmol) of 3-butin-1-ol and 0.934 ml (6.657 mmol) of Pr 2 NH. Finally 64 mg are added (0.336 mmol) of Cul. It is kept stirring at room temperature under nitrogen atmosphere for 4 h. After this time, it filter the contents of the flask and the ethereal solution is washed with water (3 x 50 ml), dried with Na2SO4 anh, filtered and dried evaporates The product is purified by column chromatography of SiO 2 (2 cm x 19.5 cm), eluting with hexane: AcOEt (8.5: 1.5) 2,360 g (5,729 mmol, 86%) of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3.5 -undecadiinol characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 412 (M); 382 (M-CH 2 OH); 69 (CF 3); IR (film,?, Cm -1): 3347 (st OH); 2267; 2176 (st C \ equivC); 1248; 1203; 1147 (st C-F).

Example 10 Preparation of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-tetradecadiinol

The alcohol 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-tetradecadiinol It is prepared with a yield of 80% following the methodology detailed in example 9 but using as a starting product the 1-iodine-1-perflurodecin. It is characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 512 (M); 482 (M-CH 2 OH); 69 (CF 3); GO (film,?, cm -1): 3378 (st OH); 2921; 2851 (st Csp3-H); 2267; 2176 (st C \ equivC); 1248; 1212; 1151 (st C-F).

Example 11 Preparation of acrylate 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-noninyl

In a 500 ml flask 4,653 g (12.4 mmol) of 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2 -noninol and 2.5 ml (18.0 mmol) of Et3N anh and 102 ml of are added CH 2 Cl 2 anh. The solution is then brought to 0 ° C and 1.25 ml (15.4 mmol) of acryloyl chloride are slowly added dissolved in 25 ml of CH2Cl2 anh. Finished the addition is keep stirring at room temperature for 3 h under inert atmosphere of nitrogen. After this time, the contents of the flask in an extraction funnel and washed with water (3 x 120 ml). The organic phase is dried with Na2SO4 anh, filter and evaporate to dryness. The crude is purified by percolation in SiO2 (6 cm x 6 cm), eluting with hexane: AcOEt (9.5: 0.5) 4.612 g (10.8 mmol, 87%) of the acrylate of 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-noninyl, which is characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. EM (IE): 428 (M); 119 (CF 3 CF 2 CF 2); 69 (CF 3); 55 (COCH = CH2); IR (film,?, Cm -1): 2958 (st C_3 -H); 2272 (st C \ equivC); 1744 (st C = O ester); 1637 (st C = C); 1243; 1203; 1147 (st C-F).

Example 12 Preparation of methacrylate 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-noninyl

Methacrylate 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-noninyl it is synthesized following what is described in example 11 with a 79% yield. In this case the 1H, 1H-perfluro-1-noninol and methacrylic chloride. It is characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 442 (M); 119 (CF 3 CF 2 CF 2); 69 (COC (CH 3) = CH 2 and CF 3); IR (film,?, Cm -1): 2938 (st C_3 -H); 2271 (st C \ equivC); 1735 (st C = O ester); 1640 (st C = C); 1243; 1204; 1147 (st C-F).

Example 13 Preparation of acrylate 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-undecinyl

Following what is described in example 11, obtain 472 mg (0.894 mmol, 79%) of the acrylate of 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-undecinyl, starting at 534 mg (1,127 mmol) of 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-undecinol. The final product is characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 528 (M); 119 (CF 3 CF 2 CF 2); 69 (CF 3); 55 (COCH = CH2); IR (film,?, Cm -1): 2964 (st C_3 sp -H); 2271 (st C \ equivC); 1743 (st C = O ester); 1636 (st C = C); 1243; 1212; 1152 (st C-F).

Example 14 Preparation of methacrylate 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-undecinyl

Following what is described in example 11, obtain 842 mg (1,554 mmol, 89%) of methacrylate 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-undecinyl from 827 mg (1,745 mmol) of alcohol 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-undecinol. The product is characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 542 (M); 119 (CF 3 CF 2 CF 2); 69 (CF 3 and COC (CH 3) = CH 2); IR (film,?, Cm -1): 2965, 2936; 2862 (st C_3 sp -H); 2271 (st C \ equivC); 1735 (st C = O ester); 1640 (st C = C); 1243; 1215; 1150 (st C-F).

Example 15 Preparation of acrylate 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-dodecadiinyl

Starting from 8.131 g (19.7 mmol) of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-dodecadiinol  6.722 g (14.4 mmol, 73%) of the acrylate are prepared 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro -3,5-dodecadiinyl. The product is characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 466 (M); 394 (M-CH2 = CHCOOH); 55 (COCH = CH2); IR (film, ν, cm -1): 2965, 2929 (st C_3 -H); 2267; 2177 (st C \ equivC); 1734 (st CO); 1637 (st C = C); 1241; 1199; 1148 (st C-F).

Example 16 Preparation of methacrylate 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-dodecadiinyl

Following the procedure described in the example 11, 4.197 g (8.744 mmol, 79%) of methacrylate are obtained. 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-dodecadiinyl, from 4,534 g (11.0 mmol) of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-dodecadiinol. The product is characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 480 (M); 394 (M-HOCOC (CH 3) = CH 2); 69 (COC (CH 3) = CH 2 and CF 3); IR (film, \ upsilon, cm -1): 2966 (st C_3 -H); 2266; 2177 (st DC); 1725 (st CO); 1639 (st C = C); 1241; 1204; 1148 (st C-F).

Example 17 Preparation of acrylate 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-tetradecadiinyl

In the same way as described in the example 11, from 534 mg (1,043 mmol) of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-tetradecadiinol 447 mg (0.790 mmol, 76%) of the acrylate of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3.5 -tetradecadiinyl, which is characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 566 (M); 494 (M-CH2 = CHCOOH); 55 (COCH = CH2); IR (film, λ, cm -1): 2967 (st C_3 -H); 2267; 2176 (st C \ equivC); 1734 (st CO); 1638 (st C = C); 1244; 1199; 1152 (st C-F).

Example 18 Preparation of methacrylate 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-tetradecadiinyl

Following the methodology described in the example 11, 2,774 g (4,783 mmol, 72%) of methacrylate are obtained 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-tetradecadiinyl,  from 3.384 g (6.609 mmol) of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-3,5-tetradecadiinol.  The product is characterized by 19 F NMR, 1 H and 13 C. MS (IE): 580 (M); 494 (M-HOCO (CH 3) = CH 2); 69 (COC (CH 3) = CH 2 and CF 3); IR (film, \ upsilon, cm -1): 2966; 2934 (st C_3 sp -H); 2267; 2176 (st C \ equivC); 1726 (st CO); 1640 (st C = C); 1243; 1215; 1154 (st C-F).

Example 19 Preparation of a copolymer containing acrylate 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-noninyl

The aqueous emulsion is formed by stirring:

1,730 g of acrylate 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-noninyl

0.553 g of acrylic monomer long chain

0.349 g of acrylate 2-hydroxyethyl

0.24 g of a solution of amine oxide

0.16 g of a solution of oxyethylene nonylphenol

0.8 g of dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether

6.2 g of water

The emulsion is introduced into a reactor provided of mechanical agitation and deoxygenates by bubbling a nitrogen stream for 20 min. Then it heats up to 70 ° C and 0.222 g of 20% aqueous solution of the radical initiator of azodiisobutyramidine dihydrochloride. I know kept at 70 ° C with stirring for 6 h.

Repellency tests Tissue treatment

The copolymer emulsion has been applied on two types of tissue; natural fabrics (cotton with a ligation twill and poplin type) synthetic fabrics (polyester and polyamide).

Both types of fabrics are washed at a temperature constant bath of 80 ° C for 20 min. Subsequently rinse, first of all, with hot running water at 60 ° C and, in Second, with cold running water. Finally, they are dried in a rotary dryer

The concentration of copolymer emulsion in the Application bath is larger for natural fabrics (15 g / l) than for synthetic fabrics (5 g / l), since it is more difficult to obtain good water and oil repellency scores on tissues Natural than synthetic.

The fabric is impregnated in the application bath and Drain on rollers to remove excess bath. I know dried in an oven at 100 ° C and finally kept at 175 ° C for 1.5 min.

Water repellency

The tests performed to test repellency Water follows a methodology expressed in the regulations Spray-Test: UNE EN 24920. In this test, 250 ml of water is poured in the form of a shower and forming an angle of 27º on the tissue placed in a ring of 15.2 cm in diameter. One time Poured all the water on the tissue, its excess is removed from the surface and a score is given, depending on the level of impregnation. The assignment of these notes is done by comparison with published standards. So for example, a note 100 implies that no water penetration occurs on the tissue, while 90 denotes that the tissue gets wet slightly. The lower the score, the lower the repellency to the water that the tissue experiences.

In addition to the Spray test, another one is also performed hydrophobicity test, consisting of observing the repellency that Experience the tissue with different water mixtures: isopropanol. I know they test five solutions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 (table 1), ordered by increasing order in proportion of isopropanol. In this way the solution 5 is the one that has the greatest tendency to penetrate the tissue  and, therefore, a note 5 denotes a greater hydrophobicity for the tissue. A certain score is assigned when a drop of the solution remains a minimum of 20 seconds without wetting the tissue, that is, without losing its spherical shape.

TABLE I Water repellency test

       \ nobreak \ vskip.5 \ baselineskip \ centering \ begin {tabular} {| l | l |} \ hline
 Water repellency note \ + test solution \\\ hline 1 \ +
water: isopropanol (98: 2) \\\ hline 2 \ + water: isopropanol (95: 5)
\\\ hline 3 \ + water: isopropanol (90:10) \\\ hline 4 \ +
water: isopropanol (80:20) \\\ hline 5 \ + water: isopropanol (70:30)
\\\ hline \ end {tabular} \ par \ vskip.5 \ baselineskip
    

Oil repellency

The tests performed to test repellency to oil follow a methodology expressed in the AATCC regulations 118-83. These trials consist of observing the resistance that the tissue experiences to be impregnated by a series of solutions containing a series of hydrocarbons (table II).

TABLE II Oil repellency test

       \ nobreak \ vskip.5 \ baselineskip \ centering \ begin {tabular} {| l | l |} \ hline
 Oil repellency note \ + test solution \\\ hline 1 \ +
nujol \\\ hline 2 \ + nujol: n - hexadecane (65:35)
\\\ hline 3 \ + n - hexadecano \\\ hline 4 \ +
n - tetradecane \\\ hline 5 \ +
n - dodecano \\\ hline 6 \ + n - dean
\\\ hline \ end {tabular} \ par \ vskip.5 \ baselineskip
    

In the same way as for the test of hydrophobicity, a note is assigned when a drop of the solution corresponding is able to stay without losing its spherical shape over the tissue more than 20 seconds. Also in this case, a note higher indicates greater oil repellency.

Notes obtained

These three trials described above have been made on the fabric applied without washing (initial notes) and also after washing and ironing.

In the following tables III and IV, the behavior observed for the different tissues applied with the fluoropolymer containing the acrylate of 1H, 1H-perfluoro-2-nonylino.

It can be seen as initially (table III), notes are obtained that clearly indicate the effectiveness of the fluoropolymer to give the fabric the properties desired hydrophobic and lipophobic.

Besides you can check as not only as this fluoropolymer provides the fabric with good water repellency and to the oil after being applied, but how its effect is partially durable after washing and ironing (table IV).

TABLE III Notes for the copolymer before to wash

       \ nobreak \ vskip.5 \ baselineskip \ centering \ begin {tabular} {| l | l | l | l | l |} \ hline
 opening notes \ + twill \ + poplin \ + polyester \ + polyamide
\\\ hline spray test \ + 70 \ + 70 \ + 70 \ + 50 \\\ hline
water repellency \ + 5 \ + 5 \ + 4 - 5 \ +
4 - 5 \\\ hline oil repellency \ +
3 - 4 \ + 3 - 4 \ + 3 - 4
\ + 3 - 4
\\\ hline \ end {tabular} \ par \ vskip.5 \ baselineskip
    

TABLE IV Notes for the copolymer after to wash

       \ nobreak \ vskip.5 \ baselineskip \ centering \ begin {tabular} {| l | l | l | l | l |} \ hline
 notes after washing \ + twill \ + poplin \ + polyester \ +
polyamide \\\ hline spray test \ + 50 \ + 50 \ + 50 \ + 50 \\\ hline
water repellency \ + 5 \ + 2 - 3 \ +
2 - 3 \ + 4 \\\ hline oil repellency \ + 2 \ +
1 - 2 \ + 1 \ + 1 - 2
\\\ hline \ end {tabular} \ par \ vskip.5 \ baselineskip
    

Summing up a new one has been developed synthetic strategy to obtain new monomers acrylics with perfluorinated chain with potential applications in the industry. Its emulsion copolymerization with other monomers allows the obtaining of copolymers that provide the tissues on which they are applied, a considerable water repellency Like oil

Claims (20)

1. Product of general formula (I) Rf (n) - (C \ equiv C) m - (CH2) r -O-CO-C (Z) = CH2 \ eqnum {(I)} where Rf (n) - denotes a chain radical perfluoroalkyl F (CF 2) n -; n is an integer selected from 2 to 20; m is an integer selected from 1 to 2; r is an integer selected from 1 to 10; Y Z is selected between H and methyl. 2. Product according to claim 1, wherein n is selected from 2 to 12; and r is selected from 1 to 4. 3. Product according to any of the preceding claims, wherein n is selected from 4 to 8. 4. Product according to any of the preceding claims, wherein r is selected from 1 to 2. 5. Product according to any of claims 1-4, wherein r = 1. 6. Product according to any of claims 1-4, wherein r = 2. 7. Product according to any of the claims 1-6, where Z is H. 8. Product according to any of the claims 1-6, wherein Z is methyl. 9. Product according to any of claims 1-8, wherein m = 1. 10. Product according to any of claims 1-8, wherein m = 2. 11. Process for obtaining the product of formula (I) defined in claim 1, characterized in that the alcohol intermediate of formula (II) is reacted in solution with Cl-COC (Z) = CH2 in the presence of a base . Rf (n) - (C \ equiv C) m (CH2) r -OH \ eqnum {(II)} 12. Method according to claim 11 where the base is triethylamine. 13. Intermediate general formula (IIa) Rf (n) -C \ equiv C-C? C- (CH2) r -OH \ eqnum {(IIa)} for obtaining the product of formula (Ia), the latter being the product of formula (I) when m is 2, where Rf (n) has the same meaning as in claim 1; n is an integer selected from 2 to 20; and r is an integer selected from 1 to 10. 14. Intermediate according to claim 13, wherein n is selected from 2 to 12. 15. Intermediate according to any of claims 13-14, wherein n is selected from 4 to 8. 16. Intermediate according to claim 13, wherein r is selected from 1 to 2. 17. Intermediate according to any of claims 13-16, wherein r = 1. 18. Intermediate according to any of claims 13-16, wherein r = 2. 19. Method of obtaining the intermediate (IIa) defined in claim 13, characterized in that the iodide Rf (n) -C? C-I is reacted in solution with the alcohol HC? C- (CH2)? r} -OH, in the presence of cuprous iodide and diisopropylamine. 20. Method according to claim 19, characterized in that the iodide Rf (n) -C C C-I is obtained by treatment in an inert solvent of Rf (n) -CH = C (I) -SiMe 3 with a base strong selected between potassium t-butoxide and 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-eno, and subsequent reaction with iodine.