ES1272979U - Improvements in continuous flow turbines and external compression rotary engines (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Improvements in continuous flow turbines and external compression rotary engines, which consists of applying to said turbines and engines, oxygen as oxidizer and ammonia as fuel, from bottles or obtained tablets (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Improvements in continuous flow turbines and external compression rotary engines

Field of the invention

In thermal engines or turbines that use fossil fuels, biofuels, hydrogen, mixed, etc. and as an oxidizer, air and / or oxygen. Also useful in hybrid vehicles due to its simplicity, low cost, weight and size.

State of the art

It can be considered a continuation of Utility Models U202100152 and U202100243. To which is added the use of ammonia.

Description of the invention

Object of the invention and advantages.

Use ammonia in rotary engines and continuous flow turbines, with external pressurization, coming from cylinders or compressors, in addition to other low or zero emission fuels.

Use oxygen as an oxidizer, also bottled or generated in situ.

Unlike hydrogen, ammonia achieves its liquefaction at -30 ° C at two atmospheres and at 30 ° C if it is pressurized to about 12 atmospheres.

It allows the transport of hydrogen without losses.

Avoid the production of nitrous oxides NOx, in addition to CO2.

Having a fuel compatible with the environment, suitable for airplanes, which is not possible now if you want to comply with the Kyoto protocol. Ammonia produces fewer greenhouse gases.

In combustion engines it does not have the problem of its low detonation point, since pressurized oxygen and fuel are injected at the moment of going to take place the explosion, there are no previous explosions or detonations. Improving the Otto cycle. Anti-knock products could also be used. In the case of turbines, the low detonation point does not matter either, since it is a constant combustion.

Avoid hydrogen problems: light weight, need high pressure, ignite and does not warn in case of leaks.

Problem to solve.

Engines that use hydrogen or ammonia have the problem of producing nitrous oxides, NOx, as a consequence of using air as an oxidizer, hydrogen presents additional problems, due to its light weight, difficulty in liquefying, transporting it liquefied, at high pressures, storage and leakage, also a certain degree of danger as it is flammable. What consequently the use of! ammonia. But directly without having to transform it back into hydrogen, which would be excessively expensive.

The improvements in continuous flow turbines and external compression rotary engines consist in applying to said turbines and engines, oxygen as oxidizer and ammonia as fuel in bottles or obtained independently and externally to the turbines or engines. In the combustion chambers the pressure of the applied fluids is used.

Optionally, antiknock products can be added: amines, organic compounds, etc. and that they do not contain lead in their composition.

The control of the administration of ammonia and oxygen is done by means of a processor, microprocessor or the ECU, (Electronic Control Unit), some sensors and some electrovalves, discharging and applying the fluids with injectors at the moment in which the explosion should take place. in rotary engines or continuously in the case of turbines.

The pressure applied to the chambers is obtained from cylinders or compressors, and is controlled with solenoid valves that can be regulators such as pressure reducers on the cylinders.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows a schematic and partially sectioned view of the engine used as a turbine.

Figure 2 shows a schematic and partially sectioned view of a variant of the turbine.

Figure 3 shows a schematic view using the rotary engine of the invention.

Figure 4 shows a schematic and partially sectioned view of a variant of the rotary engine carrying out combustion in the adjoining chamber.

More detailed description of the invention

Figure 1 shows the turbine (1) with three chambers or stages, where the rotor (1 r) with radial teeth, blades or blades rotates around the axis (1e). In the combustion chamber (1cc) the fuel (ammonia) is applied from the tank (5) which is controlled by a microprocessor or the ECU and optionally by the solenoid valve (6), also pressurized oxygen is applied from the bottle (1ox), optionally controlled by the solenoid valve (6) and then ignition is applied by means of the spark plug (4), the explosion produces the expansion of the gases that drives the rotor blades out of the nozzle (1t). The rotor laterally carries a rib or projection (1j) that can also be a channel in which a gasket is inserted. The rib or gasket material is softer than the rotor, so with a little operation it will wear out and remain untouched tight to the casing. The operation is continuous, not needing ignition, having to keep the application of fuel and oxidizer constant. The initial pressure is provided by fuel and / or oxygen. Increasing the number of stages is in order to take advantage of the gases more efficiently.

Figure 2 shows the turbine (1) with three chambers or stages, separated by partitions (53) where the rotors (1r) of radial teeth, blades or fins rotate around the axis (1e). In the combustion chamber (1cx) of the ammonia, in this case external, the ignition is initially applied by means of the spark plug (4). The outlets of the gases from the first stage are applied to the second inside or outside, and also those from the second to the third stage and from this to the outside through the nozzle (1t).

Figure 3 shows the motor formed by two cylindrical chambers (91) with their casings (91c) and inside the rotors (91r), which rotate synchronized, although 180 ° out of phase, tongue and groove and meshed with one tooth (91d) each one. Generating and starting a combustion chamber (91cc), where the fuel from the tank (5) is injected through the injector (2), and the compressed oxygen from the bottle (3) through the pressure reducer (3m), or a Electronic pressure regulator, which regulates and will give us the desired pressure in the combustion chamber and the solenoid valve (6) that determines the moment of the passage. Starting then the combustion by means of the spark produced by the spark plug (4). At that moment, the same tooth is expelling the gases produced in the previous combustion through the advancement of the tooth (91d). It shows the axis of the rotors (91e) and the holes (91j) to compensate for the imbalance due to eccentricity of the rotors. It produces an explosion, expansion and escapement per turn of the rotor of the right cylinder. The rotors rotate synchronously by means of gears attached to the ends of the rotor shafts, not shown in the figure.

Figure 4 shows the motor formed by two cylindrical chambers (91) with their casings (91c) and inside the rotors, which rotate synchronously, although 180 ° out of phase, tongue and groove and meshed with one tooth (91d) each. Generating and starting a combustion chamber (91cc), where the fuel from the tank (95) is injected through the injector (2), and the compressed oxygen from the bottle (3) through the pressure reducer (3m) that regulates and It will give us the desired pressure in the combustion chamber and the solenoid valve (6) that determines the moment of the passage. Starting then the combustion by means of the spark produced by the spark plug (4). At that moment, the same tooth is expelling the gases produced in the previous combustion through the advancement of the tooth (91d). Shows rotor shafts (91e) and holes (91j) to compensate for rotor imbalance. It is similar to the engine of figure 3 but in this the combustion chamber, expansion, exhaust and exhaust nozzle are carried out in the adjoining chamber (left). It produces an explosion, expansion and escapement per turn of the left cylinder rotor. The rotors rotate synchronously by means of gears, attached to the ends of the shafts of both rotors, not shown in the figure. Using the combustion chamber common to both chambers, the alternate and successive operation of both is achieved.

Claims (4)

1. Improvements in continuous flow turbines and external compression rotary engines, which consists of applying to said turbines and engines, oxygen as oxidizer and ammonia as fuel, from bottles or obtained tablets independently and externally to the turbines or engines. 2. Improvements according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure of the applied fluids is used in the combustion chambers. 3. Improvements according to claim 1, characterized in that the control of the administration of ammonia and oxygen is done by means of a processor, microprocessor or the ECU, some sensors and some electrovalves, unloading and applying the fluids with injectors at the moment in which it must be produced the explosion in rotary engines, or continuously in the case of turbines. 4. Improvements according to claim 1, characterized in that anti-knock products that do not contain lead, such as amines and organic compounds, are applied to rotary engines.