ES1243610U - Seawater desalination system (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Seawater desalination system, using electrostatic attraction, which consists in passing saline water through channels, cells or buckets made up of two or more parallel or inclined plates that act as (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Sea water desalination system.

Field of the Invention

In seawater desalination plants and devices, used to obtain water for domestic use and especially for agricultural irrigation.

State of the art

Currently, seawater desalination is being carried out, which is expensive due to the high cost of the energy used, and for having to use expensive special membranes, obtaining waters that, in addition to being expensive, are not suitable for direct consumption, having to be treated later. In today's systems, high energy is required, a pressure of 27 kg / cm2 to counteract the osmotic pressure and another additional pressure to obtain appreciable amounts of desalinated water. With the present invention, mainly water with a low degree of salinity can be obtained, which can be preferably used for agriculture. Although less profitable, it is also possible to obtain highly desalinated and even potable water for domestic use.

Description of the Invention

Object of the invention

Obtain low salinity water for cultivation. Being able to obtain water for domestic and even potable uses.

Use a simple and inexpensive desalination system.

Use a low non-conductive voltage to produce the salt separation.

Use a high electrostatic voltage as a separation system.

Problem to solve

The lack of water and the high cost or difficulty of obtaining it, both for consumption and for agriculture.

The seawater desalination system of the invention consists in passing saline water through channels, cells or cuvettes formed between two or more parallel or inclined plates that act as electrodes and to which a direct current voltage is applied or electrostatic charge, the plates attract ions of opposite charge through adjoining meshes or plates with perforations or holes through which these ions are introduced and drained to chambers or conduits for disposal. This is done along these channels, making the water totally or partially desalinated. A variant carries the alternating electrolytic plates on the same side.

The higher salinity water trapped between the plates and the grates is discarded.

The plates are made of conductive materials, insulated or shielded with electrically insulating plates or covers. Inert conductors can also be used: graphite, platinum, etc., or metallic plates covered with these materials, duly insulated materials avoiding electrical conduction of applied voltages greater than 2 volts, so that it does not occur electrical conduction. The plates attract charges of the opposite sign without actually producing the mentioned conduction. In cases of low voltage and not using insulators, only hydrogen is allowed to be produced which would be used for other purposes. The other elements will be ensured that they are not harmful or in small quantities and will be discarded. The insulating layers can only be applied to one of the plates.

Multiple vertical plates can be used to which loads of alternating and isolated polarities are applied. They are placed with alternating polarities on the same side. The meshes or plates are arranged attached to the plates with the corresponding slits or drainage holes for the sodium and chlorine ions.

Different voltages can be obtained from the alternating current, reducing it with transformers and rectifying it afterwards.

In the case of applying electrostatic charges, tens of hundreds or thousands of volts can be used.

Instead of long channels, several cells or buckets can be used, applying the partially desalinated water from each cell or bucket to the subsequent one. With even 0.9% salinity of sodium or isotonic chloride, water can be useful for domestic consumption and for cultivation.

If more desalination is desired, more desalination stages are added in series, both longitudinally and vertically. For ion capture, a grid system with alternating electrical potentials can be used.

The desalinated water stream can have an upward direction taking advantage of the fact that drinking water has a lower density.

The system is similar to that of electrodialysis, but membranes are not used and a large amount of current is not needed since there is no circulation or expense.

The ducts are generally narrow to facilitate the attraction of ions.

The pipes can be arranged in a closed circuit, to which the saline water is fed and the desalinated or semi-desalted water and the disposable water with a high degree of salinity are supplied through different pipes.

Water with high saline content is sent out to sea through a pipe or pipe with multiple outlets.

Advantages: It is simple, economic, very profitable, useful and ecological. Being able to avoid climate change.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows a schematic and enlarged view of a portion of salt water, preferably sea water, showing molecules and ions.

Figure 2 shows a schematic and sectional view of a channel or trough between two electrified plates.

Figure 3 shows a schematic and sectional view of a channel or trough between two electrified plates.

Figure 4 shows a schematic and sectional view of channels or cuvettes between multiple electrified plates.

Figure 5 shows a schematic and sectional view of channels or cuvettes between multiple electrified plates.

Figure 6 shows a schematic and perspective view of a closed circuit channel, formed between two electrified plates.

Figure 7 shows a schematic and perspective view of a portion of channels with the plates in a broken shape.

More detailed description of the invention

The invention, figure 4, shows an embodiment of the invention, with the multistage channel or cuvette (la), with the water molecules (1), chlorine ions (2), sodium ions (3) surrounded by water molecules, attracted by the positive plates or anodes (4), and negative plates or cathodes (5), passing through the grids (6). Being (14 and 15) the insulating layers of these plates. The high concentration saline water comes out of the pipe (7). Desalinated or partially desalinated water exits through the conduit (10). In the case of a canal, the partially desalinated water continues along the canal, making a more extensive or prolonged desalination. Figure 1 shows the water molecules (1), and chlorine (2) and sodium ions (3), surrounded by water molecules. With the orientation of the bipolar water molecules around said ions, depending on whether they are anions or cations. The dimensions of the different ions and molecules are shown. The separation between the different molecules and ions is not correct, in fact they should all be together, in all three dimensions. They are given larger separations to make the explanation or demonstration visible.

Figure 2 shows the channel or cuvette (1a) with the water molecules (1), chlorine ions (2), sodium ions (3), surrounded by water molecules, positive plates or anodes (4), plates negative or cathode (5), alternated with each other. The drainage of the high concentration saline water exits through the duct (7). Desalinated or partially desalinated water exits through the conduit (10). In the case of a canal, the partially desalinated water continues along the canal, making a more extensive or prolonged desalination.

In reality the plates (4 and 5) should be somewhat more separated.

Figure 3 shows the channel or cuvette (1a) with the water molecules (1), chlorine ions (2), sodium ions (3) surrounded by water molecules, attracted by the positive plates or anodes (4 ), and through the negative plates or cathodes (5), passing through the grids (6). With its insulating covers (14 and 15). The drainage of the high saline concentration water leaves through the lateral nozzles (7) and the more desalinated water through the lower narrowing (10). In the case of a canal, the partially desalinated water continues along the canal, making a more extensive or prolonged desalination.

Figure 5 shows the channels or cuvettes (1a) with multiple alternating positive (4) and negative (5) plates. Being its insulating covers (14 and 15) respectively. In the case of a canal, the partially desalinated water continues along the canal, making a more extensive or prolonged desalination.

Figure 6 shows the channel (1a) in a closed circuit, with the positive plate (4) and the negative plate (5). The saline water is fed through the conduit (17), leaving partially desalinated by (10) and is discarded with great concentration through the conduits (7). It uses a system similar to that of the Figure 3. The partially desalinated water continues along said channel, making a more extensive or prolonged desalination. Figure 7 shows the multiple channels (1a) with the drainage of the high saline concentration water, exiting through the ducts (7). Desalinated or partially desalinated water comes out of the pipes (10). Positive plates are shown (4), negative plates are not seen because they are in the posterior area. The partially desalinated water continues along this channel, making a more extensive or prolonged desalination.

Figures 5 to 7 do not show the perforated grids or plates, but they can be applied as optional.

Claims (12)

1. Seawater desalination system, using electrostatic attraction, which consists of passing saline water through channels, cells or buckets made up of two or more parallel or inclined plates that act as electrodes and to which a voltage is applied of direct current or electrostatic charge, the plates attract ions of opposite charge through meshes or plates with adjoining perforations or holes, through which said ions are introduced and drained to chambers or conduits for disposal, this is done at Along these channels, the cells or buckets apply the partially desalinated water from each cell to the subsequent one, causing the water to be totally or partially desalinated, 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the plates are covered with an insulating cover or plate. 3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels are formed by multiple vertical plates to which loads of alternating and isolated polarities are applied to each other. 4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrostatic plates are placed with alternating polarities on the same side. 5. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the plates are made of conductive materials, insulated with plates or electrically insulating covers. 6. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the plates are made of inert conductive materials: graphite, platinum, or metallic plates covered with isolated materials, avoiding electrical conduction of applied voltages greater than 2 volts. 7. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating plates or layers are applied only to one of the faces of the plates. 8. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjacent meshes or plates carry slits or drainage holes for the sodium and chlorine ions. 9. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels are arranged in a closed circuit, applying inlets for saline water, outlet for desalinated water and water with high saline concentration. 10. System according to claim 1, characterized in that electrostatic currents of hundreds or thousands of volts are applied to the plates. 11. System according to claim 1, characterized in that currents less than 2 volts are applied to the plates. 12. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the system adds a pipe or canalization with multiple outlets, which transports the very salty water offshore.