ES1222100U - Protective system of the coasts and energy collector, by deviation, attenuation or neutralization of the waves. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Protective system of the coasts and energy collector by means of deviation, attenuation or neutralization of the waves, of those that use dykes and breakwaters, consisting of deviating, attenuating or neutralizing elements of the waves, comprising one or more dams , breakwaters, plates, nets, rows of them, or rows of ribbons or canvas bands, turbines driven by the flow of concentrated water and accelerated by the deviators of the waves, which power electrical generators and strobe lights fed by the current of said generators. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Protective system of the coasts and energy collector, through deviation, attenuation or neutralization of the waves.

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Field of the invention

In the protection of the marine coast, ports and beaches, especially if they are tourist, to avoid erosion and obtain electric power.

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State of the art

The coastal protection systems currently used are breakwaters, which receive them with maximum intensity and generally perpendicular to the coast and impact on rocks, dams or natural or artificial breakwaters, in a destructive way when they reach their greater intensity. Being expensive and therefore impractical. With the present invention the waves or their impact are deviated, attenuated or reduced and concentrated to take advantage of their energy.

Description of the invention 20

Problem to solve. The unwelcoming state and the deterioration of the beaches due to the waves, which is not completely solved with the use of breakwaters. On the other hand the non-use of its energy. This is resolved by preventing them from directly impacting the coast, with the use of deviators, attenuators or neutralizers thereof. 25 Placing turbines at points where the wave flow is concentrated.

Objective of the invention and advantages.

Use a useful, practical, economic, simple and safe system to protect the coast, which prevents erosion and promotes tourism.

Obtain additional electricity on the coast, at the point where all the energy of the waves is concentrated and accumulated. Being therefore very ecological.

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Accumulate the sand to artificially create atolls and lagoons.

To be able to counteract the great global climate change that is taking place.

The protective system of the coasts and energy collector, through the deviation, attenuation or neutralization of the waves, uses elements that produce their concentration, deviation, attenuation or deal with the elimination or containment of them in a turbulent manner, characterized in that it comprises one or more dams, breakwaters, plates, nets, rows thereof, or rows of ribbons or canvas bands. The flow of water once concentrated is used to move turbines, which in turn power generators. This occurs at a point where the flow is almost constant and concentrates the energy of the waves produced by the effect of a large wind surface. Dykes or breakwaters can be straight, curved or mixed. They can add stroboscopic signals to indicate their situation, which are fed by the electric current generated by said generators. The nets, rows of ribbons or bands of canvas are supported from their ends or edges anchored to the ground or with posts or piles with 50 cables or chains.

When multiple elements are used per row they are placed in parallel or inclined rows in front of the beach, each one with its contiguous in line or in a staggered way, in

Straight or curved sections, broken wave, mixed and even with variable inclination regarding the incidence of waves. Protective dams are placed between the breakwaters, dams, nets, rows of tapes or separating canvas strips and the coast and parallel to it. These dykes or pebbles allow the pedestrian circulation by them, they can also carry plants or natural or artificial trees, usually with bright colors, green, red, yellow, etc.

Breakwaters, plates or networks, etc. with their support posts they can be inclined to divert the water laterally, and in some cases upwards.

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Its mission, instead of acting as a breakwater, is to divert them, modifying their direction, reducing their intensity, speed or frequency and producing their confrontation, attenuation, elimination or containment in a turbulent manner, mixing alternate portions with the rest of waves. Preferably, it will be attempted to ensure that the portions of alternating waves are mixed, if possible, with a phase shift that makes the nodes of some portions of the waves coincide with the bellies of the adjacent portions of the waves.

You can accumulate the sand with these same devices, which can create atolls and artificial lagoons, which can serve as a sheltered place and protection from some dangerous fish, jellyfish, etc. Electric power is obtained with the 20 currents created between the protective dams and the levees or breakwaters or diversion networks, or between a row of these and the coast. The turbines take advantage of the concentration and speed increase of the current created in a small area.

Networks, rows of tapes, etc. (attenuators or diverters) use floats in their edge or upper zone, so that their distance from the water surface is controlled or maintained, independently of the waves and the tides. There are other networks that are placed between the rows of dikes or breakwaters and between these and the coast creating a barrier that prevents the passage of dangerous fish, jellyfish, garbage, etc. The nets, rows of tapes, bands or canvas can be supported from one end or edge with a buoy. By means of some floats they are placed in the upper zone, which is where the waves run. The nets, tarpaulins, etc. can be used attached to their corners by poles and buoys, and stretched horizontally to cushion the waves. They have reinforced corners and edges with cords or cables and can be protected from large waves by extendable or elastic cords, or with the release of one end or edge. In all cases they act as a buffer. 35

The material used is usually marine concrete, metal plates coated with zinc or galvanized, natural or synthetic fibers, resistant to corrosion and thermoplastic materials. They can be used for dykes and reinforced concrete slabs. The system used depends on the type of coast: continental, island, its depth or variation with the tides. 40 When there is a lot of depth, anchored floating devices are used.

The concrete blocks can be built with the interior filled with high pressure sand. To the sand you can add previously liquid cement.

 Four. Five

The breakwaters or dams can be built with blocks or plates of marine concrete and can be fastened to one another locked and traversed vertically with poles or piles of reinforced marine concrete, which are nailed to the seabed. The protection levees or breakwaters can be built between two plate walls and filled with sand. Placing vegetation in the upper zone. The dimensions applied to the dykes or breakwaters 50 depend on the type of coast and the waves in the area.

The different systems mentioned here can be used simultaneously.

Any type of turbine can be used and in front of or around it there must be nets or lattices, which act as filters to avoid passing large objects or fish.

The dykes and networks can be placed straight or inclined peripherally around the turbine. The reinforced wall of the coast can be taken as an additional deflector, which simultaneously protects the coast.

Of course the nets or meshes must be of thick and resistant thread, and of small eye, so that it allows partially the passage of the water. 10

The blades or blades of the turbines can also be flexible some types of plates used.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 15

Figure 1 shows a schematic and perspective view of an island with a protective system of the waves of the invention, using a levee or slanted diverter breakwater.

Figure 2 shows a schematic and perspective view of an island, which adds a protective system for the waves, consisting of an intermediate dam between the row of diversion dams and the coast, of which it is kept equidistant.

Figure 3 shows a schematic and perspective view of an island with three types of dams, exclusively deviators, typical for beaches or small areas. 25

Figure 4 shows a schematic and perspective view of an island with a variant of wave protection system, consisting of an intermediate dam between the row of diversion dams and the coast, of which it is kept equidistant. The diversion dams are formed by groups of small dams, which take arched form. 30

Figure 5 shows a schematic and perspective view of an island with a variant of protective system and deviator of the waves, formed by a net, canvas or rows of bands of canvas held by three points, their ends or edges and central area or intermediate by posts or piles, which generate or divide into two arched portions. 35

Figure 6 shows a schematic and perspective view of an island with a variant of protective system and deviator of the waves, formed by a net, canvas or rows of bands of canvas held by multiple poles or piles. The network adopts an arched and inclined shape with respect to the coast. 40

Figure 7 shows a schematic and sectioned view of a portion of sea and coast, with attenuating elements formed by networks, canvases or rows of canvas strips supported at their ends by poles or piles. They act on portions or sections of the waves. Four. Five

Figure 8 shows a schematic and plan view of a portion of the coast with attenuating elements formed by pairs of nets, canvases or rows of canvas bands fastened at one of their ends with posts or piles and placed said elements inclined with respect to the coast. They act on alternate portions of the waves. fifty

Figure 9 shows a schematic and plan view of a portion of sea and coast, with attenuating elements formed by nets, canvas or rows of canvas bands supported at their ends anchored to the seabed. They act on alternate portions of the waves.

Figure 10 shows a schematic and perspective view of an island with a variant of wave protection system, formed by multiple inclined dikes or breakwaters that produce the inclination, speed reduction, frequency or attenuation of alternating portions of the waves. The dams can be tiltable, or rotating tiltable plates can be used around their vertical center axis to make the portions of deviated waves as far out of phase as those of adjacent waves.

Figure 11 shows a schematic and perspective view of an island with a wave protection system, formed by multiple dikes or breakwaters parallel to the coast that produce the reduction of speed, frequency or attenuation of alternating portions of the waves.

Figure 12 shows a schematic and perspective view of an island with a variant of wave protection system, formed by multiple pairs of arched dikes in contrast, with the dams of each pair at different distances from the coast. fifteen

Figures 12a, 12b and 12c show three arrangements with dykes, networks, etc. deviators used mostly to capture the energy of the waves.

Figure 13 shows a schematic view of a dike or breakwater portion formed by 20 marine concrete slabs or blocks.

Figure 14 shows a schematic and elevational view of a plate type device, wave attenuator.

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Figure 15 shows a schematic and plan view of a portion of attenuating elements formed by multiple plates.

Figure 16 shows a schematic and elevational view of a network portion supported by poles or piles. 30

Figure 17 shows a schematic and sectioned view of an area of the coast with two types of dams attenuators.

Figure 18 shows a schematic and plan view of a separable and walkable dam 35 which carries multiple palms.

Figure 19 shows a schematic and sectioned view of a portion of separable and walkable dam, which carries artificial plants and palms.

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Figures 18 and 19 show schematic views of two types of attenuating plates that can be directed with the direction of the waves and their turbulent effect when passing them.

Figure 20 shows a schematic view of a plate and the turbulent effect created by the passage of the waves. Four. Five

Figures 21-23 are schematic views of diverting arrangements similar to that of the dam (1dv) of Figure 3, its advantage over networks is to allow water to slide more easily on its surface.

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Figure 24 shows a schematic and partially sectioned view of a protective dam.

MORE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the invention, using a levee or breakwater (Id) inclined towards the coast (20), which deflects and captures the energy of the waves with the turbines (6v). Carries a protective breakwater (1x) at the most distant end. Take advantage of the property of the waves to go mainly towards the coast. In the event that the wind comes from the interior or from the ground, the waves are less important. The turbines take advantage of the energy of the waves parallel to the coast.

The waves concentrate the energy between this group of dykes and the coast of the island (20). Said flow, arrow of greater size, affects the turbines (6v) which drive an electric generator. The turbine fixing system is not shown, it is only held on its end or front axle.

Figure 2 shows a protective dam (1sw) between the coast of the island (20) and the group of levees 15 deviators (1d). Between the group of dykes and the protective dam (1sw) the energy of the waves, larger arrow, is concentrated and applied to the helical turbine (6), which drives the electric generator (5). The protective dam is passable, carries palm trees and vegetation, natural or artificial and communicates with the island through the bridge (9). Two types of diversion dams are shown, some arched and others angular with a similar operation. At the 20 ends it can carry some complementary sections (1x). It can carry between the different diversion dams and between these and the complementary networks that prevent the passage to fish and jellyfish.

Figure 3 shows in front of the coast of the island (20) three dike types, only 25 deviators, typical for beaches or small areas: the (1dv) of angular shape, which are placed with the opening of the angular dike towards the coast, the (1dr) of straight form which is placed inclined with respect to the coast and a third, the (1de) of semielíptica form, which is placed with the opening toward the coast. The dams (1dv and 1dr) can be replaced by nets, tarpaulins or rows of canvas bands, fastened at their ends or edges by poles or anchored to the bottom of the sea. They show possible placement of vertical turbines (6v).

Figure 4 shows the diversion dam (1d) in front of the coast of the island (20). The energy is concentrated along and on the side of it. The turbines (6V), with their axis in the dike plane, capture the energy. Shows the net, canvas band, etc. (2d) held only at one end by the pole or pile (12), which can be replaced by a buoy, so it is directed or oriented as a weather vane by the action of the waves. In the latter case it is preferable that the blades or blades of the turbines be flexible. The nets can be held by buoys or floats. The fastening of the turbines or the electrical generator they are powered to is not shown.

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Figure 5 shows the network (2d) held at three points by the posts or piles (12). Placed opposite the coast of the island (20) diverts the waves to the sides. It is valid for small stretches of coastline. It can be canvas or a row of ribbons or canvas bands.

Figure 6 shows the network (2d) held by multiple points by posts or piles (12). 45 Positioned opposite the coast of the island (20) diverts the waves to the side and concentrates its energy (larger arrow) and applies it to the turbine (6) which in turn drives the generator (5). It can be canvas or a row of ribbons or canvas bands.

Figure 7 shows the posts or piles (12) supporting webs (2a) or attenuating tarpaulin webs 50. Being (20) the coast.

Figure 8 shows the groups of posts or piles (12) that support pairs of attenuating networks (2a), opposite the coast (20). They are placed in alternating groups laterally with respect to the waves. Networks can carry floats on their upper edge.

Figure 9 shows the attenuator networks (2a), opposite the coast (20). They are placed in groups 5 alternating laterally with respect to the waves. The nets are fastened to the bottom of the sea by means of the anchors (14) of their lateral edges with the cables or chains (13). The nets can carry floats on their upper edge. The cables can be replaced by floating plastic ropes.

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Figure 10 shows facing the island (20) multiple inclined dikes (1d, 3d) that partially deflect the waves, white arrows, and face them, add or mix with other alternate portions of said waves, producing turbulence, its destruction or cancellation . They can be replaced by plates, nets or rows of canvas bands attached to their ends by posts or piles. In this and similar cases the nets or rows of bands can be fastened from their 15 corners with four cables, equally supported by poles or piles.

Figure 11 shows, opposite the island (20), multiple dams (1a, 3a) parallel to the coast that slow or partially attenuate the waves, generating when mixed with other alternate portions of said waves, turbulence, destruction or cancellation. They can be replaced by plates, nets or 20 rows of canvas bands fastened at their ends by posts, pillars or piles.

Figure 12 shows, opposite the island (20), a group formed by multiple pairs of dikes (1c, 3c) arched in contrast and destroyers of the waves. Both are located at different distances from the coast, and are placed in front of it. 25

Figure 12a shows next to the coast (20) the turbine (6v) at the point of conjunction of the three dams (1d) or networks (2d) deviators and straight concentrators, to which the coastal deflector (41) contributes. The water flow is applied to the turbine tangentially.

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Figure 12b shows next to the coast (20) the turbine (6v) at the point of conjunction of the three dams (1d) or networks (2d) deviators and curved concentrators, to which the coastal deflector (41) contributes. The water flow is applied to the turbine tangentially.

Figure 12c shows along the coast (20) the (6v) at the point of conjunction of the three dams 35 (1d) or networks (2d) deviators and straight concentrators to which the coastal deflector (41) contributes. Similar to figure 12b but with a small derailleur. The water flow is applied to the turbine tangentially.

Figure 13 shows the portion of dam or breakwater (1d, 3d) of marine concrete, formed by 40 multiple plates or blocks (11) locked. They carry vertical perforations in which are inserted reinforced marine concrete bars, tubes or piles (12), which are nailed to the seabed. This useful, simple and economical system allows quick assembly and disassembly and change of location. The blocks can be hollow and can be built with sand fused with solar energy. Four. Five

Figure 14 shows the plate (3), attenuator of the waves and sand accumulator, which is supported by posts or piles (12).

Figure 15 shows the plates (3d) that are housed in grooves carrying at their upper ends (12a) the posts, which have an H-shaped section. These plates are made of marine concrete.

Figure 16 shows the network (2d, 2a) supported by the posts or piles (12).

Figure 17 shows the dam (1d, 3d) at the coast (20) attenuator and the deviating, water-lifting plates (3d).

Figure 18 shows the turbulence produced by the waves on the V-shaped attenuator plate (1dv), which rotates around the axis (15) supported by a pole or pile, automatically orienting itself with the direction of the waves in the manner of vane.

Figure 19 shows the turbulence produced by the waves on the attenuating plate (1dy), in the shape of a Y, that rotates around the axis (15) supported by a pole or pile, orienting itself automatically with the direction of the waves as a weather vane . 10

Figure 20 shows the turbulence produced by the waves when they act perpendicular on the attenuating plates (1a). The plates can be inclined.

Figure 21 shows the network (2d) arranged in an angular manner between the posts or piles (12). fifteen

Figure 22 shows rows of canvas strips or bands (22) arranged in an angular manner between the posts or piles (12).

Figure 23 shows a perspective view of a canvas (23) arranged in an angular manner 20 between the posts or piles (12).

Figure 24 shows the protective dam (1sw), constructed by two side walls fastened to the bottom by posts or piles (12) and between two walls a sand fill. The front wall is curved so that the wave changes direction, ascending and returning to the sea. Opposite presents the diversion damper or attenuator (1d, 1a). In the upper area carries plants and a walk. It is linked to the coast by the bridge (9).

In general, all the diverter elements represented in the figures can be used interchangeably with dams, breakwaters, nets, tarps or rows of strips or canvas strips. 30

Turbines will be provided with the same density of water so that the bearings do not over-stress.

The turbine stands as well as the electric generators are not shown. 35

Claims (23)

1. Coastal protection system and energy collector by means of deviation, attenuation or neutralization of waves, of those using dams and breakwaters, consisting of deviating, attenuating or neutralizing elements of the waves, comprising one or more dykes, breakwaters, plates, nets, rows of them, or rows of ribbons or bands of canvas, turbines driven by the flow of concentrated water and accelerated by the deviators of the waves, which trigger electric generators and strobe lights fed by the current of said generators.  10 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the dams, breakwaters, plates, nets, rows thereof, or rows of tapes or canvas bands, are placed parallel or inclined in front of the coast. System according to claim 2, characterized in that the dykes, breakwaters, plates, nets, 15 rows thereof, or rows of tapes or canvas bands are placed each with its contiguous aligned or stepwise, in straight, curved sections , broken, mixed and even with variable inclination regarding the incidence of waves. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the plates and the networks, rows of tapes 20 or canvas strips are supported from their ends or edges with posts, piles or buoys by means of cables or chains. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the nets, rows of belts or canvas bands are supported by anchorages fastened to the bottom of the sea and carry floats in their upper edges. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the dams, breakwaters, plates or nets or their rows, rows of tapes or bands of canvas, are held at one of their ends, being directed or oriented with the direction of the waves. 30 System according to claim 1, characterized in that the dykes, breakwaters, plates or nets or their rows, rows of tapes or bands of canvas, straight or curves are placed tangentially converging on a turbine next to a deflector of the coast which receives the concentrated energy of the waves. 35 System according to claim 1, characterized in that the dykes, breakwaters, nets or their rows, rows of belts or canvas bands carry turbines whose vertical axis coincides with the plane of said elements.  40 9. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the levees or breakwaters are straight, curved, broken or mixed and are subdivided into small dams. 10. System according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more protective dams are placed between and parallel to the breakwaters, dams, nets, rows of strips or separating canvas strips and the coast. 11. System according to claim 10, characterized in that the dykes or protective breakwaters allow pedestrian circulation by them and carry plants or natural or artificial trees.  fifty 12. System according to claim 10, characterized in that the protection breakwaters or breakwaters are constructed between two plate walls and filled with sand. 13. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the turbines are placed between the protective dams and the rows of levees or diverting breakwaters, between the rows of dykes and the coast, or on the sides or in the center of the deviating devices. 14. System according to claim 1, characterized in that inclined filtering screens are placed in front of or around the turbines. 15. System according to claim 4, characterized in that the spikes, nets, rows of tapes or bands of canvas, or plates with their poles or piles of subjection are placed inclined to divert the water laterally or upwards, and optionally are used to accumulate the 10 sand creating atolls and artificial lagoons. 16. System according to claim 4, characterized in that the poles or piles carry in their upper area in the form of H, slits where the plates are housed.  fifteen 17. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the dams, nets, tarps or rows of deviating tapes or bands adopt in angular plan form (1v), which is placed with the opening of the dike angular toward the coast, straight form (1r) the which is placed inclined with respect to the coast and they are supported of their ends or edges by means of posts or buoys anchored in the bottom of the sea. twenty 18. System according to claim 1, characterized in that between the different diversion dams and between these and the coast carry nets. 19. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the nets, tarpaulins, rows of tapes, bands or tarpaulins are supported with floats or with a buoy. 20. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the nets, rows of tapes, bands or canvases have reinforced corners and edges with cords or cables and carry extensible or elastic cords. 30 21. System according to claim 1, characterized in that between the diverting elements and between the diverting elements of the ends and the coast are placed separating networks that create a barrier that separates and prevents the passage of dangerous fish, jellyfish and garbage.  35 22. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the dams or breakwaters are made of marine concrete and are formed by multiple plates or interlocking blocks, which are hollow or filled with sand at high pressure, with or without liquid cement, and carry vertical perforations in which bars or tubes are introduced, which are nailed to the seabed. 40 23. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal plates are coated with zinc or galvanized, or natural or synthetic fibers resistant to corrosion and thermoplastic materials.