ES1220749U - PORTABLE AND STACKABLE OBSTACLE FOR DEFENSE AGAINST VEHICLES AND BARRIER CONSTITUTED BY SUCH OBSTACLES (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Rigid and resistant passive obstacle for the defense against vehicles, characterized by being formed by four hollow conical legs arranged in such a way that their ends define a tetrahedron and join together in a knot in the center of the tetrahedron. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

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DESCRIPTION

PORTABLE AND STACKABLE OBSTACLE FOR DEFENSE AGAINST VEHICLES AND BARRIERS

CONSTITUTED BY THESE OBSTACLES

Technical Field of the Invention

The present invention corresponds to the technical field of traffic control of vehicles in urban areas and roads, and to the technical field of military defense.

Background of the invention

In the current state of the art there are several types of barriers against vehicles, among which the following stand out for having any relation to their form or function with the present invention:

1. Steel barriers of defense against tanks and other heavy military vehicles:

They are impassable barriers formed by a plurality of obstacle elements aligned or arranged on the ground or in the communication routes, with the purpose of closing a passage or enclosing a place. These elements are called hedgehogs and are constituted by three rigid steel bars welded together by means of said bars forming a knot, whose ends define an octahedron, so that they rest on the ground stably on three of the ends of the bars and present the other three ends of the bars as iron points, forming an obstacle to the passage of vehicles. Its stability is completed because they are stuck in the ground before the action of the vehicles.

They function as passive obstacles in the following manner: When a combat car or heavy vehicle, in its forward direction collides with a barrier obstacle, due to the shape and mass of the obstacle, it is fixed on the ground in at least one of its support bars achieving greater stability, and due to the resistance and stiffness of the obstacle, it does not break, but deteriorates the lower part of the battle car or heavy vehicle, preventing or limiting its progress. Specifically, the ends of the bars damage the chains of the tanks, or the wheels and low parts of the unarmored vehicles.

For greater effectiveness, the obstacles of these barriers can be joined together by other elements of the field of passive defense military technique, such as barbed wire, bars or chains.

A historical example of the use of this type of barrier is the battle of the Normandy landings, where the German army fortified the beach line against the advance of tanks and other vehicles landed by the allies on the coast.

2. Concrete tetrapod barriers against waves:

Those known in Technology as "tetrapods", named for their shape because they have four legs, are elements that are designed to achieve perfect support on the ground, since in any way they are available, they always support three of their legs, presenting the fourth leg in elevation. Its four legs are oriented in such a way that its ends define the vertices of

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a tetrahedron and the four legs converge in the center in a knot. Due to this shape, the tetrapod has perfect stability for three points of support, on a basis of any shape and at the same time prevents it from falling or rolling.

The development of concrete tetrapods for maritime works is attributed to the Spanish engineer José Torán (1916-1981) who used them for the first time in the construction of the docks of the naval base of Rota (Cádiz). These concrete tetrapods are used to build breakwater barriers, are solid concrete or reinforced concrete and each of its four legs is shaped like a cone trunk. These barriers against waves are made by aligning tetrapods in the direction of the breakwater and stacking some tetrapods over others, which always have a stable support at three points and leave a high index of gaps between them.

The breakwater barrier receives the action of the waves. Due to the strength and surface hardness of concrete, tetrapods are not destroyed, and due to their shape and mass they do not move from their position upon receiving the action of the waves. The energy of the wave is dissipated both by the blow against the tetrapods of the barrier, and by the filling and emptying of the gaps left by the tetrapods. A tetrapod breakwater is always more effective than another that was built with rocks or concrete elements of other geometric shapes.

Concrete tetrapods against waves have also been used outside the sea for another purpose, which is to build passive defense barriers against tanks and other heavy military vehicles.

3. Concrete tetrapod barriers for defense against tanks and other heavy military vehicles:

They are impassable barriers formed with a plurality of concrete tetrapods forming obstacles, aligned with each other or arranged on the ground or on the communication roads in order to close a passage or fence a place, to prevent the advance of the enemy's vehicles.

The concrete tetrapods due to their stability in the ground support, high mass and resistance, prevent or limit the advance of vehicles, since their destruction requires time, energy and technical means not always available on the battlefield. For greater effectiveness, the elements can be joined together by other elements of the field of passive defense military technique, such as barbed wire, bars or chains.

The barriers of concrete tetrapods of defense against cars are actually a technological evolution of other types of predecessor military barriers, since there is evidence of the use in ancient times of large stones arranged in the field for the defense against enemy cavalry. In some historical texts they have been called "dandelions."

A historical example of the use of concrete element barriers is the Six-Day War, in June 1967, in which the Israeli army would have taken even less time to win the war if it had not had such obstacles against it. advance of their tanks.

4. Road safety barriers with hollow cones and tetrapods:

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In the road traffic and road safety technique, it is necessary to build signaling barriers, which are done by aligning brightly colored elements and equipped with reflective, illuminated or backlit elements. The traffic rules prevent crossing the imaginary line that joins these elements.

Within the road safety barriers there are portable ones, which are mounted on a non-definitive basis, for example in works, provisional deviations, etc., which use hollow and stackable plastic elements to drive traffic, which are commonly shaped like a cone or Tetrapod

These hollow cones or tetrapods elements are portable, stackable, lightweight and deformable: portable so that they are movable and easy to transport, stackable so that they can be placed on top of each other to store or transport them forming a pile or heap, light so that they facilitate its transport, placement and removal, and deformable so that in case of collision no damage is caused to the vehicles.

Police, in traffic controls, do not commonly use cones, but hollow tetrapods, with the same purpose of building signaling barriers. The reason for using tetrapods and non-cones is that tetrapods have greater stability, with three support points in whatever way they are placed, allowing for faster installation in safe conditions.

The state-of-the-art road safety tetrapods, by their shape, have:

- Four conical hollow legs, which are oriented in such a way that their ends define the vertices of a tetrahedron and the four converge in the center in a knot. Due to this form, the tetrapod has perfect stability by three points of support on a base of any shape and at the same time prevents it from falling or rolling.

- A hole located in the knot of the four legs, coinciding on the axis of one of its cones, in such a way that it allows plugging some tetrapods into others to stack them.

In the state of the art, road safety tetrapods can be stacked for storage and transport to the place of placement, for example, to be stored in the hood of a police vehicle.

Summary, in the state of the art:

- The elements of defensive barriers against cars and other heavy vehicles are impassable and work due to their resistance, rigidity and mass. The concrete tetrapods are stable because of their shape and mass, and the steel barriers are stable because of their shape and also because they are stuck in the ground before the action of the vehicles. None of these barriers are light and stackable, so they cannot be easily installed and uninstalled.

- On the contrary, the hollow tetrapods of road safety barriers are stable, hollow, portable, stackable and light, but they have no capacity to form impassable barriers.

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Need:

In recent years there have been several terrorist events characterized by attacks:

- Using heavy vehicles.

- Against masses and groups of people who focus on a specific place and time.

This has created the need for obstacles and insurmountable barriers against the traffic of uncontrolled heavy vehicles in an urban context, not of conventional warfare, and that these barriers can also be light and stackable to be installed and uninstalled easily and that do not have an aggressive appearance, but friendly, typical of conventional road signs.

At the present time, in war scenarios, a barrier for defense against cars and other heavy vehicles is still necessary, consisting of elements that are stable and resistant.

Description of the invention

The present invention is a passive obstacle against vehicles, resistant, rigid, stable, hollow, light, portable and stackable, for the defense against uncontrolled or malicious heavy traffic in urban contexts, as well as the barriers that can be built with it.

This obstacle:

- It has four truncated conical or truncated pyramidal legs, whose ends define a tetrahedron and that join in the center of the tetrahedron forming a knot.

- It is hollow and has a hole located in the knot formed by the four legs, coinciding with the axis of one of the legs, so that some obstacles can be plugged into others.

Materials:

- Metal or plastic.

- In a preferred embodiment of the invention, its surfaces are covered with elastomeric or plastic material, so that it is attractive and pleasant to the touch, and with reflective elements, backlit or illuminated, that make it look like a road marking element.

The obstacle thus defined has the following advantages:

- It is rigid and resistant to be impossible or difficult to cross.

- It is stable, because it always relies on three points and presents in elevation another of its legs that opposes the advance of uncontrolled vehicles.

- It digs into the ground before the action of a vehicle, which increases its stability.

- It is hollow, to achieve lightness that allows its transport and so that it can be pluggable.

- It is stackable.

- It is portable.

The advantages offered by the obstacle object of the invention are that it allows its rapid assembly and

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dismantling, and that looks like a signaling element, not a military defensive element, which makes it optimal for defending the population from vehicle attacks.

The size of the obstacle, thickness, cartels and reinforcements, is sized by structural calculation, depending on the planned actions.

To facilitate the installation, removal, transport and storage of the obstacles object of the invention, a body for a motor vehicle has been designed, equipped with a crane and platform, which is designed as equipment for police and traffic control services.

Description of the drawings.

In order to complete the description and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of the present specification, in which the following is represented by way of illustration and not limitation:

On the current state of the art:

Figure 1 is a perspective drawing of a state-of-the-art hedgehog obstacle for building steel barriers against battle tanks and other heavy vehicles, which is constituted by three rigid steel bars welded together by means of said bars. forming a knot (1), whose ends define an octahedron, so that it rests stably on the ground at three of the ends of the bars (2), and presents the other three ends of the bars as iron points ( 3).

Figure 2 is a plan drawing, elevation and profile detailing how the three steel bars (4, 5 and 6) of a hedgehog type obstacle of the prior art are arranged.

Figure 3 is a perspective, plan and elevation drawing of a concrete tetrapod of the prior art, resting on the ground on three of its legs (7) and presenting the other leg in elevation (8).

Figure 4 is a schematic elevation drawing showing a steel hedgehog obstacle of the prior art (9) to the passage of different heavy military vehicles of wheels and chains.

Figure 5 is a schematic elevation drawing showing a concrete tetrapod obstacle of the prior art (10) to the passage of different heavy military vehicles with wheels and chains.

Figure 6 is an elevation and plan drawing of a hollow road safety tetrapod, used in the state of the art to form signaling barriers for the movement of vehicles, resting on the ground on three of its legs (11) , presenting the other leg in elevation (12). In the node (13) and coinciding with the axis of one of the legs, it has a hole (14) that allows the tetrapod to be plugged into another of the same characteristics to be stacked.

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Figure 7 is a perspective drawing showing a hollow tetrapod of road safety of the prior art and details how these obstacles are stacked for transport and storage by matching the hole of a tetrapod (15) in the shaft (16) of the leg (17) of another tetrapod.

About the invention:

Figure 8 is a plan drawing and three perspectives showing a preferred embodiment of the obstacle object of the invention, indicating its four hollow legs (18) arranged in such a way that its ends define a tetrahedron and join together in a knot ( 19) in the center of the tetrahedron, characterized in that its legs are conical. In the central node and coinciding with one of the legs it has a hole (20) to plug the obstacle into another of the same characteristics. Due to its geometry, this obstacle rests stably on the ground on three of its legs (21), presenting the fourth leg (22) in elevation.

Figure 9 is a plan and perspective drawing showing a preferred embodiment of the obstacle object of the invention of four hollow conical legs and details how these obstacles are stacked for transport and storage by plugging them into the shaft (23) by matching the hole of a tetrapod (24) with the cone (25) of another tetrapod.

Figure 10 is a schematic elevation drawing showing a preferred embodiment of the obstacle object of the invention (26) to the passage of different heavy vehicles of wheels and chains.

Figure 11 is a schematic plan and elevation drawing, showing a preferred embodiment of a barrier object of the invention, constituted by a plurality of obstacles object of the invention (27), joined together by cables, chains, tapes or slings. (28), for vehicle control.

Figure 12 is a schematic perspective drawing showing how the obstacle object of the invention works, which is stuck in the ground with one of its legs (29) when receiving the thrust (E) of a vehicle, fixing the position of the obstacle and forcing the vehicle to have to go over it, damaging it with other of its legs, which limits or prevents its advance.

Figure 13 is a schematic plan drawing showing how a preferred embodiment of the barrier object of the invention (30) works to limit or prevent the passage of a moving heavy vehicle (31). It is observed how before the vehicle pushes against the barrier, since all the obstacles object of the invention are joined by a chain, cable, tape or sling, the vehicle drags the barrier until one of the obstacles is stuck in the ground, fixing its position and forcing the vehicle to have to go over, damaging it, which limits or prevents its progress until the vehicle is stopped (32).

Figure 14 shows a perspective drawing of a preferred embodiment of the obstacle object of the invention, detailing the end of its legs (33), which all have a tip with a material of greater hardness (34) to facilitate key in the ground or base of support before the action of an incident vehicle, improving its stability and anchorage, and increasing the damages produced to the incident vehicle.

Figure 15 shows a perspective drawing and section of a housing (35) for covering the tips of the legs of the obstacle object of the invention in a preferred embodiment, made of a plastic or elastomeric material, which is placed on the axis of the tip (36) to protect and hide the 5 tip from view, but that does not prevent its nailing function from the action of an incident vehicle.

Figure 16 shows an elevation and plan drawing of a motor vehicle (37) with the body object of the invention in a preferred embodiment, consisting of a crane (38) for lifting the obstacles object of the invention (39) and a platform (40) for stacking, storage and transport.

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Figure 17 is a perspective drawing, plan, two elevations and two exploded sketches, showing the construction of a preferred embodiment of the obstacle object of the invention characterized in that its four legs are triangular-based truncated pyramids (41), constructed with steel plate and with a reinforcement in the central node (42). In the central knot and coinciding with a

15 of the legs have a hole (43) to plug the obstacle into another of the same characteristics. The exploded sketch (44) shows the cut-out for its construction in welded sheet with the reinforcement of the knot (45), and the exploded sketch (46) shows the cut-out for its construction with folded steel sheet and with welded joints, indicating the reinforcement of the knot (47) and the overlaps (48).

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Claims (17)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five 1. Rigid and resistant passive obstacle for defense against vehicles, characterized by being formed by four hollow truncated conical legs arranged in such a way that their ends define a tetrahedron and join together in a knot in the center of the tetrahedron. 2. Rigid and resistant passive obstacle for defense against vehicles, characterized by being formed by four hollow truncated pyramidal legs arranged in such a way that their ends define a tetrahedron and join together in a knot in the center of the tetrahedron. 3. Four-legged obstacle according to any one of the preceding claims 1 or 2, characterized in that in the central knot, coinciding with the axis of one of the legs, it has a hole in such a way that it allows the obstacle to be plugged into another of them. features by one of its legs. 4. Four-legged obstacle according to any of the preceding claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it has a plurality of stiffeners, reinforcements or brackets on its legs or in its central knot to give it greater strength and rigidity. 5. Four-legged obstacle according to any of the preceding claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that it has a plurality of small holes that allow chains, cables, tapes or slings to be attached thereto. 6. Four-legged obstacle according to any of the preceding claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that it is covered with a plastic or elastomeric material. 7. Four-legged obstacle according to any of the preceding claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that it has reflective or backlit elements or coatings, or lights. 8. Four-legged obstacle according to any of the preceding claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that it has at its ends differentiated tips of a hard and resistant material. 9. Four-legged obstacle according to any of the preceding claims 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that its ends are covered by plastic or elastomeric material housings. 10. Barrier formed by a plurality of four-legged obstacles according to claims 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 above, characterized in that the obstacles are aligned or arranged on the ground or on the tracks communication in order to close a step or fence a place. 11. Barrier according to claim 10, characterized in that the obstacles have cables, chains, tapes, maromas, or slings, which join them together. 12. Base for stacking four-legged obstacles according to any of claims 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that it has a base plate and a bar arranged perpendicularly to said sheet as a rod to plug the obstacles first to form a battery. 13. Base for stacking four-legged obstacles according to any of claims 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, characterized in that it has a base plate and three angular profile bars of 5 metal arranged perpendicular to the sheet to collect the ends of the obstacles to form a pile. 14. Automobile vehicle body having a platform and a crane, characterized in that it is used to install and stack four-legged obstacles according to any of claims 1,2, 10 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 15. Motor vehicle body having a platform and a crane, characterized in that it has a plurality of bases for stacking four-legged obstacles according to any of claims 12 or 13. fifteen 16. Vehicle body according to any of claims 14 or 15, characterized in that it has boxes or free space for storing chains, cables, tapes, maromas, slings or tools necessary to assemble and disassemble four-legged obstacle barriers according to any of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9. twenty 17. Motor vehicle characterized in that it has a body according to any of claims 14, 15 or 16, which serves to transport, install and stack four-legged obstacles according to any of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9.