ES1189933U - Improved lock block (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Prefabricated improved fitting block for erecting buildings, characterized in that it comprises a solid base (2, 2') from which emerges, at least, a solid tower (3, 3') from the upper surface of the base in the manner of male connecting element and where the base (2, 2') has at least one internal recess (4, 4') of height equal to the external height defined by the solid tower. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

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IMPROVED ENCASTRE BLOCK

D E S C R I P C I O N

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a prefabricated block of improved insert for use in the construction of pillars, self-supporting walls and buildings, without requiring the use of additional structural supports, whether internal or external, adhesives, mortar mixtures or support beams.

The object of the invention is to provide a prefabricated block of improved insert and its complementary pieces, which is formed in a solid structure filled with mortar and steel fibers, so that the structures obtained from said blocks and their complementary pieces they have a high load capacity, being able to overcome the buildings thus obtained 2 floors high.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The construction industry is a sector in continuous innovation, where the search for new elements presents a marked trend towards the use of pre-branded components, in order to save costs in the building process and to offer practical and simple solutions to incorporate into the own construction work, that do not involve a high number of components, and that additionally do not require a high specialization of the operator in question. However, these prefabricated solutions that imply cost savings must be compatible with a high quality product, which results in constructions with high structural strength, stability and firmness.

In this sense, the solutions known in the state of the art prior to the present invention that do not require the use of additional elements such as mortar mixing, do not offer the firmness, stability and structural strength required by the building. In order to overcome this problem, the applicant of the present invention has led to

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It carries out the development of a prefabricated block and its complementary parts disclosed in US patent application US20160002917 where the invention relates to a hollow prefabricated block internally made of Portland cement mortar reinforced with steel fibers, formed on a rectangular base and whose upper surface stand out two equidistant towers, which are hollow inside, likewise.

Additionally, these blocks have an internal cavity at their base intended to receive the towers of the preceding block, the height of the towers being slightly lower than that of the lower gaps. This configuration of the block in individual male female endings allows its insertion to give rise to the desired pillar or wall.

However, by using the prefabricated block described in the aforementioned document, it is not possible to carry out buildings that exceed the height of 2 floors, considering a safety coefficient 6.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention that is recommended fully resolves the above-mentioned problem, by providing a constructive solution that overcomes the structural problems arising from the use of the invention described in document US20160002917, without requiring the use of techniques outside the disclosed construction system by the applicant in said documents.

The prefabricated block of improved insertion object of the present invention, from which the corresponding complementary pieces are derived, is a solid block preferably obtained in portland cement and steel fibers in the appropriate proportions, such that each of the blocks It is capable of supporting more than 16 tons of pure compression.

The block is preferably formed by a solid base, preferably composed of a parallelepiped, from which at least one solid tower emerges from the upper surface of the base as a male connecting element.

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In this way, the base of the block has, at least, a complementary hollow to each of the towers arranged inside the base appointment and whose internal height of the cavity is equal to the outer height defined by the solid tower. Therefore, said cavity works as a female element of union

Thus, the block of the invention generates, based on the tower and the present cavity, a male / female system that enables the interconnection of the blocks with each other.

The tower or towers that emerge from the upper surface of the block have a straight prismatic shape with a preferably square base. As described, the tower of the block has as its main function the constitution of the male element of the mechanical system of male / female union between blocks, resulting in the need therefore to use a mortar mixture, endowing the wall or pillar of the stability and structural resistance required by the building. Likewise, this inter-block system suppresses the need for additional structural elements, such as supports or metal beams.

Advantageously, the fact that the height of the tower or towers that protrude from the upper surface of the block is equal to the height of the hollow or internal cavities present in the base of the block, makes them fit completely, that is, without give rise to any gap between two embedded blocks. Consequently, the effective area that works as a pillar is considerably increased compared to that obtained using the blocks disclosed in document US20160002917, since the effective area that works as a pillar is the one that vertically links massive volumes, that is, without gaps.

Thus, the pillars obtained by combining the blocks object of the present invention have a high load capacity, with bearing capacity that allows building at heights greater than 2 floors.

In this way, the union between blocks causes them to be fixed by means of compression forces, essentially supported by the mortar, and by bending and cutting, essentially supported by the steel fibers that constitute the mortar matrix.

Additionally, the steel fiber content gives the block a high resistance to

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impact.

It is worth mentioning that the prefabricated blocks of improved insertion object of the present invention, are also applied in combination with others already disclosed, in which the known blocks are crossed by a continuous cavity from its base including the interior of the towers, differing slightly the outer height defined by the tower with respect to the height of the lower inner cavity.

Logically, the combination of the blocks disclosed in the present invention and those already known will be possible provided that the blocks to be combined have the same dimensions at their base and at the height of the tower.

Thus, it is perfectly possible to combine and embed them interchangeably, taking into account that when the upper block is solid and the lower one is hollow, they are completely integrated into each other, since the height of the internal cavity of the solid block is equal to the external height from the tower of the hollow block.

In case the upper block is hollow and the lower block is solid or hollow, it will not be possible for the inner surface of the upper block to rest completely on the lower block, since the height of the inner hollow of the upper hollow block is greater than the outer height of the tower of the lower block.

As a complementary piece to the improved insertion block that is recommended, optionally the realization of a complementary smooth beam is contemplated, which fulfills the function of a conventional beam, and which is equipped with a conventional reinforcement and two recesses at its ends to receive the top tower of the block. The introduction of these beams in the construction system of prefabricated blocks allows to receive the load of the slabs in areas where the project does not foresee walls. They rely on solitary pillars or pillars linked to walls.

Thus, by linking the insert blocks object of the present invention with the plain beams, a type of pillar is obtained. Similarly, by linking the solid and hollow insert blocks with the plain beams, the solid blocks being above the holes, another type of pillar is obtained. Both types of pillars serve the same purpose, which is to enable the construction of buildings more than 2 stories high without having to resort

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for this to constructive techniques outside the system of blocks that are claimed in combination with those previously disclosed by the applicant.

In short, it is an improved prefabricated insert block, which provides a structural resistance superior to that of conventional construction systems for obtaining pillars and walls, such that it allows the construction of buildings with a height greater than 2 floors , allowing a high speed assembly by means of an assembly of great simplicity.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that will then be made and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is accompanied as an integral part of said description. where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, the following has been represented:

Figure 1 shows a perspective representation of an improved insertion block object of the present invention containing two towers.

Figure 2.- Shows an elevation representation of the improved insert block shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3.- Shows a profile representation of the improved insert block shown in Figure 1.

Figure 4.- Shows the perspective views of an insertion block, which only has an upper tower.

Figure 5.- Shows the elevational views of the block with a tower shown in Figure 4.

Figure 6.- Shows a perspective view of a smooth beam complementary in the construction system to the insert blocks object of the present invention.

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Figure 7 shows a profile view of the smooth beam shown in Figure 6.

Figure 8 shows an elevation view of the smooth beam shown in Figure 6.

Figure 9.- Shows a perspective view of a construction pillar obtained by combining the insert blocks object of the present invention.

Figure 10.- Shows a perspective view of an example of building obtained by using the insert blocks object of the present invention.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In view of the figures summarized, a preferred embodiment of the invention can be observed where the improved insert block (1, 1 ') of the present invention is configured in a base (2) shaped like a parallelepiped from whose upper surface a surface emerges. or two solid quadrangular towers (3, 3 '), which constitute the male elements of the male / female union system between blocks.

As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the block (1) is constituted by a preferably rectangular base (2) from which two rectangular prismatic towers (3) emerge, preferably being solid quadrangular and being symmetrically arranged.

The block (1) has internal recesses (4) accessible from the lower surface of the base (2) of the block, arranged symmetrically also, which constitute the female elements for the union with the adjacent lower block. The interior height defined by the cavities (4) and the external height defined by the towers (3) emerging from the block is the same so that, when fitting one block over another, they are completely coupled, resting the inner surface of the upper block on the outer surface of the tower of the lower block.

In this way, the coupling between the blocks of the invention results in a high structural strength of the pillar or wall thus obtained, since, as described

previously, the blocks are solid, and are obtained in portland cement and fibers of

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steel.

Thus, by combining the insert blocks shown in Figures 1,2 and 3, solid square cut pillars with a self-portability capacity are obtained, which is obtained with alternating and successive layers of two blocks coupled to two lower blocks that are oriented in an axis perpendicular to the orientation of the blocks located in the upper layer. An example of the construction obtained by using these blocks (1) is shown in Figure 9 as a pillar.

Analogously, to the previous embodiment example, the invention is also carried out according to figures 4 and 5 where the block (1 ') of the invention is constituted by a single rectangular prismatic tower (3'), preferably solid quadrangular, which it emerges from the upper surface of the rectangular base (2 ') and where the base (2') comprises an internal cavity (4 ') which is accessed by the lower surface of the block (1'). Figure 5 shows the internal cavity (4 ’) represented with a broken line.

Analogously to block (1), the tower (3 ’) has the same height as the cavity (4’). The blocks (1 ’) are connected with the blocks described (1) to complement the lateral termination of the wall in those places where it is necessary, such as in spaces for doors and windows or in the union between walls.

This block (1 ') constitutes the necessary complementary element for the two-tower insertion block (1) at the time of implementing “solitary” pillars, that is to say where they were necessary in function of the architectural project working detached from the supporting walls of the system basic.

In this preferred embodiment, the inclusion of a series of pieces complementary to the blocks described above (1, 1 ’) is also contemplated in order to complete the construction system.

One of these pieces can be seen in Figure 3, it is the beam (5) has a rectangular base and internally comprises a reinforcement (6) conventional in this type of construction elements. The beam (5) also has two cavities (7) on its lower base that are complementary to the cavities (4, 4 ’) of the block (1, 1’). its

introduction allows to receive the load of the slabs in areas where the project does not foresee walls. These beams (5) are supported by solitary pillars or pillars linked to walls.

Finally, Figure 10 represents an example of part of a building obtained with the 5 insert blocks object of the present invention and its complementary pieces, in combination with the hollow analog pieces disclosed in previous applications. In said figure 10 a plurality of blocks of the present invention (1, 1 ’) assembled with previously known blocks (8) are observed which are crossed by a continuous cavity from its base including the inside of the towers.

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Claims (5)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S 1. Improved precast block for erecting buildings, characterized in that it comprises a solid base (2, 2 ') from which at least one solid tower (3, 3') emerges from the upper surface of the base as a male connecting element and where the base (2, 2 ') has at least one internal cavity (4, 4') of height equal to the outer height defined by the solid tower. 2. Improved insert block, according to claim 1, characterized in that it is composed of Portland cement and steel fibers. 3. Improved insert block, according to claim 1, characterized in that the base (2, 2 ’) is composed of a solid parallelepiped. 4. Improved insertion block, according to claim 1, characterized in that from the upper surface of the base (2) of the vessel two solid prism towers (3), preferably rectangular, symmetrically distributed, emerge and where the base (2) comprises two holes (4) interiors accessible from the bottom surface of the block (1). 5. Improved insertion block, according to claim 1, characterized in that from the upper surface of the base (2 ') of the block a prismatic tower (3') emerges, preferably rectangular, and where the base (2 ') comprises a cavity ( 4 ') inside accessible from the bottom surface of the block (1').