ES1079480U - Improvements in the interior compartmentalization of burial vaults of underground niches (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Perfections in the interior compartmentalization of underground niche funeral chapels characterized by: The solution of horizontal and vertical compartmentalization of pantheons by elements of metallic structure executed as separate constructive stage and subsequent to the construction of their envelope. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Improvements in the internal compartmentalization of funerary pantheons in underground niches

Object of the invention:

A new model of internal compartmentalization of funerary pantheons of underground niches is defined, which is applicable to the previous execution of their general envelope, prefabricated or shaped “in situ”. Horizontal compartmentalization by means of a metallic structure that supports the coffin and from which an individual leachate collection and treatment tray is suspended. Vertical, optional or normative compartmentalization arranged between each niche or sarcophagus and access hole, by means of sealed covers received on the lower and upper horizontal compartments of each niche. Activated carbon filter is incorporated in the lid of each niche or sarcophagus, so that the gases already treated, through the common access hole and the outer tombstone, are conducted outside.

Background:

It is called a pantheon a burial or funerary construction totally or partially underground that consists of a movable stone that closes an access hole in the entire depth of the pantheon and from which, on one or both sides, the different niches are accessed

or overlapping sarcophagi.

In its traditional version the pantheon was generally family-owned, factory made without ventilation or leachate ducts.

In the modern version of the pantheons, differentiated ownership can be achieved for each sarcophagus or niche, and both the general envelope and the horizontal partitioning are made of reinforced concrete by means of prefabricated or shaped systems "in situ" by means of recoverable formwork. This intensive or modern use leads, in the known solutions, to the tight closing of the niche or sarcophagus with respect to the access hole, to the connection of the niche to a gas evacuation network that incorporates active carbon filter at its exit to the outside. connection of the niche or sarcophagus to a leachate collection network that is dumped into the ground.

In the current solutions that are known, the bottom and the supporting surface of the coffin of each niche or sarcophagus, is a concrete surface endowed with a certain slope, connected with a network that channels the leachate into the ground directly. In other cases they lead to a leachate collection pit in which quicklime or caustic soda is incorporated as their biological treatment during their landfill.

The solutions of vertical closure of the niche or busy sarcophagus that are known, consist of the partitioning by means of a factory of ceramic pieces or by means of several modular pieces of concrete or foams formed of polystyrene or extruded polyurethane.

In other known solutions, each niche or sarcophagus communicates with a chamber adjacent to the pantheon at whose bottom the leachate discharge is produced and which is superiorly equipped with an aeration chimney.

In the aforementioned background the following undesirable circumstances occur:

The leachate is poured on the floor of niches or sarcophagi that, being concrete and reduced slope, have little runoff and in practice tend to be retained on the surface of concrete or masonry, which impregnate and can get through shelf due to its reduced thickness or by setting retraction microcracks.

The landfill leachate system always involves a contamination of the environment that is aggravated in the case of the presence of a water table. Treatment with lime or soda in the collection pit can be useful as a biological neutralizer, but its effectiveness is not safe and in any case it adds to the chemical contamination of the soil.

The partition of the niche or sarcophagus by means of ceramic pieces, of concrete or sheets of extruded plastic foams, etc. suffer: from being of difficult execution of wet work to be carried out “in situ”, or presenting a great length of joints when being constituted by several pieces, or lack of mechanism for fixing the pieces in their position prior to sealing, or lack of reliable control of the tightness of different gases for commonly used materials, or excessive weight on concrete pieces, or difficulty of effectively sealing with bottom cord due to lack of thickness or previous fixation of the pieces.

Description of the invention:

It is denominated envelope of the pantheon to the solera or horizontal separation with the land; to the contour walls or vertical separation with the ground or other adjacent pantheon; and to the roof slab of separation with the exterior in which the access mouth to the pantheon is incorporated.

For purposes of the invention, compartmentalisation elements are called those that divide the interior space of the pantheon delimited by the envelope into overlapping cubicles laterally accessible from a common vertical recess and which are intended for funerary niches or sarcophagi.

It is about improving the usual technical solutions that suffer from the non-recommended characteristics included in the background.

The constructive separation between enclosure and compartmentalisation allows simpler, faster and cheaper execution solutions of the envelope, both in prefabricated and in situ construction.

On land with an apparent water table, the discharge of leachate into the land is not viable. For these cases, the invention proposed with separate leachate collection in each niche or sarcophagus is a viable solution that prevents contamination of aquifers.

A.-HORIZONTAL COMPARTMENTING ELEMENT.

The invention is based on a metal fence that serves as a base structure and that is anchored and supported on support pieces to the general envelope of the pantheon, by means of anchor plugs, pins or other elements adapted to the embodiment of said envelope.

Embossed and supported on the previous fence by means of an upper running edge, a separate collection and treatment tray of leachates is available, the bottom of which will be adopted depending on the capacity that is to be available, which shall not be less than 100 liters of leachate ( which does not suppose the maximum volumetry of use since the production of leachate and the evaporation of the water contained with continuous and progressive, but it allows to anticipate any anomalous circumstance of sudden degradation). This tray is not structural except in terms of supporting the weight of its contents. Therefore, it can be made of stainless steel sheet, zinc sheet, molded in plastic material in which case it will be provided with stiffening folds, or a bag-type container made of waterproof sheet anchored to the fence. Prior to the support of the tray on the fence, a sealing cord is provided running under the edging.

On the metal fence and the edge of the tray, the supports of the coffin are arranged, made using stainless steel profiles, which are fixed through a self-tapping screw or rivet, the three elements being integral.

The assembly of the tray is completed with the perimeter seal of it with the general envelope. Said sealing is direct at an angle on the long side where the fence is placed in contact with the bottom wall. On the short sides, the sealing occurs by means of a joint and sealing bottom cord. In both cases, the sealing is finished with an aluminum foil band that complements the gas-tight seal.

The system totally avoids soil contamination. The system prevents the transfer of a niche to the lower one. The system is completed with the possibility of incorporating into the trays a leachate treatment of those existing in the market and whose effect is to accelerate the aerobic degradation of organic matter.

B.-VERTICAL COMPARTMENTING ELEMENT

With regard to the vertical partitioning element or lid, the niche or sarcophagus can be left open according to the traditional execution, or the lid can be made by means of existing solutions with elements of extruded plastic foams, but finished with a continuous paint in situ.

The lid solution provided as an invention consists of a galvanized steel sheet folded in all its contour and which is stiffened by a core constituted, as a non-exclusive example, by extruded polystyrene foam sheets attached to the sheet by means of adhesive.

Also provided as an invention is the provision of bottom stops at the corners that are in the lateral supports of the metal fence of the horizontal compartmentalization.

Also provided as an invention is the provision of intermediate pieces consisting of "C" bushings with 4 wings around the profile of the galvanized sheet fence. After placing the tray, 2 wings are folded, forming bevels that serve as a bottom stop for the upper and lower trays of the piece considered. After placing each cover, each of the other 2 remaining wings are folded over them, fixed by pressure or even with a self-drilling rivet or screw.

Once the cover is presented and fixed, it is sealed, either at an angle, or by means of a bottom cord, finished with aluminum foil for gas tightness.

The cover of the niche or sarcophagus incorporates a hole in which an active carbon filter is coupled. The gases already treated go outside through the tombstone of the pantheon, for which purpose it will be equipped with sufficient slits or grilles.

The lid solution provided as an invention has a shorter joint length as it is unitary compared to those made with parts; provides an effective control of tightness derived from the almost infinite resistance of the sheet to the passage of gases; brings lightness to heavier solutions; it provides manageability and thickness suitable for lateral sealing even with bottom cord, which other solutions lack.

Through the filter the necessary ventilation for natural or promoted aerobic decomposition is produced by means of the specific treatments that can be incorporated in the tray and already described.

Brief description of the drawings:

Figure 1: Shows in its composition and order of assembly the horizontal partitioning element, with the lateral support pieces, the structural perimeter frame with its tabs

Figure 2: Shows the vertical partitioning element: the cover with the stops of

anchor to the bottom; fixations across the three elements; and the contour seal of the assembled part. the individual tray for the collection and treatment of leachate, the intermediate “C” parts with 4 stop wings and cover fixing; the with its suspension edging on frame structure; the transverse elements for direct coffin support; the

presentation of the corners and intermediate pieces in "C" with the wings folded butt or fixation. It shows the incorporation in the cover of the ventilation system with filter. Show the

position provided for the leachate treatment bags in the tray. Shows the presentation of the coffin on the support profiles; and finally it shows a niche or full occupied sarcophagus in its compartmentalization with the ventilation towards the common access space of the pantheon.

Description of an example of realization of the utility model:

It is described below the realization of the internal compartmentalization of funeral pantheons of underground niches in application of a concrete solution of the improvements object of the utility model. It is based on the previous execution of the envelope of the pantheon in its hearth, walls and ceiling that will have been prefabricated or formed “in situ”. Above the envelope, the horizontal and vertical compartments of the different underground sarcophagi or niches are arranged, and are shown in Figures 1 and 2 of which their numbering is described below.

one.

Structural frame of galvanized steel composed of 40/20/2 profile at its bottom and sides, and 40/60/2 at its frontal or rush profile.

2.

Galvanized steel tab, for anchoring the frame by means of a structural block on the bottom wall.

3.

Galvanized steel side piece, with a 3 mm thick frame, with a small bevel in order not to allow the frame to move outside and two fins as stops for the installation of the lower and upper covers, received with a structural block to the side walls.

Four.

Intermediate pieces in “C” of 4 wings of internal measurement of 60/40 of 1.5 mm. thick and 35 + 35 mm. wide in double flange that embrace the rush profile, in order to once presented the trays be folded 2 wings and serve as stops to present the upper and lower closing covers, and in order to once placed the covers be folded against the respective cover for retention and optional riveting or screwing.

5.

0.6 mm stainless steel tray. thick that will be presented on the frame and will be directly suspended from the structure by its sealed piping to the frame.

6.

Sealing cord at an angle (long side) or bottom cord (short sides).

7.

Receipts and support of the coffin that will be placed directly with self-tapping screws on the tray edging (5) and the frame of the supporting structure (1).

8.

0.5 mm galvanized sheet cover. with folded contour edges and stiffened by means of 3 cm plate. made of extruded polystyrene bonded by adhesive. The lid has a drain in which the filter is fitted (10)

9.

Sealing cord cover at an angle (long sides) or bottom cord (short sides).

10.

Grid aerator with active carbon filter embedded in the lid.

11 Site planned for accelerators of the degradation of organic matter in its aerobic process, normally marketed in biodegradable bags.

Claims (1)

 Claims 1st Refinements in the Internal Partitioning of Funeral Pantheons of Underground Niches characterized by: The solution of horizontal and vertical compartmentalisation of pantheons by means of metal structure elements executed as a separate construction stage and subsequent to the construction of the envelope thereof. 2nd Improvements in the Internal Partitioning of Funeral Pantheons of Underground Niches according to previous claim characterized by the solution of horizontal compartmentalisation of pantheons by metal trays. 3rd Refinements in the Internal Partitioning of Funeral Underground Pantheons according to previous claims characterized by the solution of horizontal compartmentalisation of pantheons in which the leachate collection tray is a non-structural element suspended from the metal structure supporting the coffin and the own tray. The tray can be configured with different depths, pending or slopes. The tray can be made of stainless steel sheet, zinc sheet, aluminum sheet, composite materials, molded plastic, or bags of waterproof sheet material. The tray can incorporate a drain for connection to a leachate collection network. The coffin support will be made of stainless steel profiles. The metal frame, which is not in contact with leachate, can be made of primed and painted or galvanized steel or stainless steel. 4th Refinements in the Internal Partitioning of Funeral Underground Pantheons according to any of the preceding claims characterized by the cover solution, niche or sarcophagus separator with respect to the vertical access hole of the pantheon, made in one piece, of folded galvanized sheet attached to a stiffening soul or filling. 5th Refinements in the Internal Partitioning of Funerary Pantheons of Underground Niches according to any of the preceding claims characterized by the system of bottom stops in corners for covers in conjunction with the support pieces of the frame of the horizontal compartmentalisation element. 6th Refinements in the Internal Partitioning of Funeral Pantheons of Underground Niches according to any of the preceding claims characterized by the intermediate "C" bushing system with 4 wings with progressive folding to serve as bottom stops and cover fixing plates in conjunction with the frame of the horizontal partitioning element. 7th Refinements in the Internal Partitioning of Funeral Underground Pantheons according to any of the preceding claims characterized by the ventilation solution! 1 incipient ~~ each niche OR sarcophagus incorporated in the closing lid with the vertical access hole, with gas outlet treated outside through slits or grilles incorporated in the access tombstone from the outside. 8th Refinements in the Internal Partitioning of Funeral Pantheons of Underground Niches according to any of the preceding claims or independently of them, characterized by the solution for the collection and independent treatment of leachates of a coffin without spillage or contamination to the ground, by means of a container in which placed coffin and leachate treatment bags. > , , : .