ES1078381U - Thermodynamic equipment for refrigeration, heating and production of hot sanitary water (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Thermodynamic equipment for refrigeration, heating and domestic hot water production consisting of at least compressor (1), expansion element (11), a boiler (5), a filter drier (10), a heat exchanger (12) as well as the auxiliary elements necessary for its correct operation, and characterized by having an external non-forced heat transmission element formed by one or more thermodynamic sensors (9) painted in a clear color inside which a refrigerant gas is circulated. Evaporates or condenses according to case. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Thermodynamic equipment for cooling, heating and production of domestic hot water.

Technical sector

The present invention relates to heat pump systems, specifically to heat pumps used to obtain cold water for cooling, as well as domestic hot water.

Background of the invention

The equipment for thermal energy generation by means of heat pumps, which consist of a compression cycle in which the condenser is a heat exchanger in contact with the fluid to be heated, is well known in the current state of the art. Evaporator usually an air forced convection exchanger. These systems have also been improved by replacing the forced convection evaporator with the use of direct evaporation collectors (also known as thermodynamic collectors), which have the advantage of taking advantage of both solar radiation and ambient energy for the evaporation of the cooling fluid .

On the other hand, cold water production systems are also known, in which the condenser is an air forced heat exchanger, and the evaporator is a heat exchanger in contact with the fluid to be cooled.

In addition, there is also evidence of reversible equipment that uses the same circuit to produce heat and cold, reversing the flow of the machine. These equipments allow obtaining only cold or only heat, but they do not cover both needs simultaneously, they also have the inconvenience of installing defrost systems.

However, on the part of the inventor there is no knowledge of a device like the one presented in this application designed to produce cold water for use in cooling and hot water to meet the needs of domestic hot water and / or heating, that combines the technology of thermodynamic sensors, which have the particularity of being painted in light colors to avoid excess energy from solar radiation.

In this way the advantage is obtained of having a complete device that meets the needs of cold or heat on demand, and even allows the simultaneous obtaining of hot and cold water by means of a second condenser, obtaining the hot water in a completely efficient way with the use of excess energy, and that thanks to the use of thermodynamic collectors it is possible to increase the collection of environmental energy, due to the fact that a greater surface area of heat transmission is exposed to the environment. In addition, this device has the advantage that a mixture formed by water and an antifreeze fluid can be passed through the interior of said collectors, to perform an indirect heat exchange with another exchanger.

Description of the invention

Specifically, the object of the invention is equipment for the production of cold or hot water (or both) by means of a thermodynamic compression cycle consisting mainly of a compressor, an expansion valve, formed by a heat exchanger that will act as an evaporator in if the demand is for cold water, or for a condenser when it is hot water, and for one or more thermodynamic sensors that will perform the function of condenser when the demand is for cold water, or for evaporating the circuit in the case of the demand is for hot water; In addition to all the necessary elements for its correct operation. There is also the possibility of passing more antifreeze water through the interior of said collectors, so that the evaporation or condensation of the cooling fluid is carried out indirectly in a secondary exchanger, where the energy exchange of water with the fluid is carried out refrigerant heat pump circuit.

The equipment allows to meet the demand for cold water for cooling or hot water and consists of a compression circuit that according to the demand for heat, cold or both, will be responsible for transporting energy from one point to another in the circuit.

So when cold is demanded, the fluid that leaves the compressor is sent to the condenser, which in this case is one or more thermodynamic sensors, whose particular feature is that they are painted in light colors to reflect the incident solar radiation . The cooling fluid, when brought into contact by means of the thermodynamic sensor (which offers a large area of heat transfer) with the outside air at a lower temperature, condenses and passes into a liquid state. It is circulated through an expansion valve and is directed towards the evaporator, which in this case is a heat exchanger. In the exchanger, the return water of the cooling system is brought into contact with the cooling fluid, so that the water transfers heat to the fluid, which passes into a gaseous state, and due to the removal of heat from the water, it cools

In order to favor the condensation of the cooling fluid in the thermodynamic collectors, a cooling system can be installed therein, which can be a tube located at the top of the collectors with holes arranged to water them with water. This water can then be collected and pumped again for use. Thus, in periods of high temperatures, this system cools the collector with water, favoring the condensation of the interior fluid and the increase in performance.

In case the demand is for heat, the machine works like a heat pump. The gas is sucked by the compressor and is driven at high pressure and temperature to the heat exchanger that acts as a condenser. Upon coming into contact with the water to be heated, the refrigerant changes from state to liquid phase, yielding its latent heat to it. The fluid is passed through an expansion valve and is directed to the evaporator which is formed in this case by one or more thermodynamic sensors, where the fluid enters a gaseous state, closing the cycle.

This invention offers the possibility of supplying the demand for cold water and simultaneously supplying hot water, operating very efficiently. In this mode of operation, there is an additional condenser formed by a heat exchanger. In this way, the output current of the compressor bifurcates in two, one of which is directed towards the condenser that is formed by one or several thermodynamic collectors, and the other towards the condenser formed by one by a contact heat exchanger with the fluid to be heated, achieving maximum energy use of the cooling fluid. After condensing both streams, they are taken to the boiler, filter, expansion valve and the evaporator formed by the heat exchanger, which steals the energy from the water destined to be cooled, and again goes to the compressor to close the cycle.

In addition, the equipment allows indirect exchange through thermodynamic collectors, circulating water and antifreeze inside them, so that this mixture is responsible for capturing or transferring energy through its exchange with ambient air through the transmission surface offered by the aforementioned thermodynamic sensors. The mixture of water and antifreeze in its return from the collectors is passed through a heat exchanger, in which the water yields or captures the energy to achieve evaporation or condensation, respectively, of the cooling fluid circulating on the other side of the exchanger The operation of the heat pump circuit would be similar to that described in the previous paragraphs according to demand for cold or heat.

The device will include, in addition to the compressor and the expansion elements, all auxiliary, electrical, regulation and control elements, necessary for its correct operation.

The unit control system will regulate the operation according to the needs, so that it will reverse the function of evaporator or condenser of one element or another according to demand.

We understand, therefore, that the equipment present here consists of an improvement of the existing heat pump equipment and refrigerators, by using thermodynamic collectors that provide a very high collection surface, and that being painted in light colors eliminates the incidence of solar radiation, which could be detrimental to its function as a heat pump circuit condenser. It also eliminates the energy expenditure of a fan for forced convection, and the necessary defrost system in these cases.

The modification with accessory elements or different forms of the object presented here are not elements that come to create from this invention another new and different with sufficient inventive novelty.

It is not considered necessary to make the content of this description more extensive so that a person skilled in the art can understand its scope and the advantages derived from the invention, as well as develop and put into practice the object thereof.

Description of the drawings

To complete the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the peculiarities of the thermodynamic equipment for cooling, heating and production of domestic hot water as an integral part thereof, of the drawings provided on the following pages in the which, in an explanatory and non-limiting manner in any case, has represented the following:

Figure 1, in which a diagram of the thermodynamic equipment for cooling, heating and production of domestic hot water is represented, according to the preferred embodiment 1 and 2.

Figure 2, in which a diagram of the thermodynamic equipment for cooling, heating and production of domestic hot water is represented, according to the preferred embodiment 3.

Figure 3, in which a diagram of the thermodynamic equipment for cooling, heating and production of domestic hot water is shown, with additional cooling of the collectors, according to the preferred embodiment 4.

Figure 4, in which the collector cooling system has been shown in greater detail, according to the preferred embodiment 4.

Description of the preferred embodiment 1

The detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention and its component elements is made in view of Figure 1. Figure 1 shows a diagram of the thermodynamic equipment for cooling, heating and water production. hot water, which in this preferred embodiment is intended to cool water for cooling and to obtain domestic hot water simultaneously.

The compressor (1), aspirates the refrigerant gas and drives it towards the fork (2) where part of it is diverted to the coil (3) that surrounds the tank (4) destined to heat the water inside. The gas phase fluid condenses upon contact with the walls of the tank (4) which is at a lower temperature, thereby heating the water contained therein. The position of the check valves (6), forces the condensed fluid at the outlet of the coil (3) to reach the boiler (5) where it accumulates in liquid form.

The other part of the refrigerant gas that is divided into the fork (2), is directed towards the three-way valve (7), arranged so that the fluid leaves it by the left connection of the valve (8), leading towards the condenser, which in this preferred embodiment is a thermodynamic sensor (9) painted in white, in which, the gas-shaped fluid at high pressure and temperature condenses upon contact with the ambient air, which is located at a lower temperature Due to the light color of the thermodynamic collector (9), the incident solar radiation that can reach it is reflected, and therefore there is no solar gain that can damage condensation. The condensed fluid leaves the thermodynamic sensor (9), entering the boiler (5), since the orientation of the check valves (6), forces its conduction in this direction. In the boiler (5), the fluid coming from two condensers (the coil (3) and the thermodynamic sensor (9)) is connected to the filter (10) and from there to the expansion valve (11), where evaporation begins Due to the orientation of the aforementioned check valves (6), and the pressure that exists in other ducts, the only possible path for the fluid leaving the expansion valve (11) leads to the evaporator. In this preferred embodiment, the evaporator consists of a plate exchanger (12), in which the fluid is introduced through its lower gas connection (13), and the water through the lower water connection (14), achieving the energy transfer, and thus obtaining a fluid in a gas state that leaves the plate exchanger (12) by the upper gas connection (15), and a cooled water that exits through the upper water connection (16), which It is stored in the cold water tank (17). The fluid in the gaseous state is directed to the three-way valve (7), entering through the right connection of the valve (18) and leaving it through the central connection of the valve (19) to reach the compressor (1) closing the cycle.

Description of the preferred embodiment 2

In this preferred embodiment the thermodynamic equipment for cooling, heating and production of domestic hot water is intended for the production of hot water for heating and for obtaining domestic hot water simultaneously. The scheme can also be seen in Figure 1.

In the same way, the compressor (1), aspirates the refrigerant gas and drives it towards the fork (2) where part of it is diverted to the coil (3) that surrounds the tank (4) destined to heat the water contained in its interior. The gas phase fluid condenses upon contact with the walls of the tank (4) which is at a lower temperature, obtaining hot water inside the tank. The position of the check valves (6), forces the condensed fluid at the outlet of the coil (3) to reach the boiler (5) where it accumulates in liquid form.

In this preferred embodiment, the other part of the refrigerant gas that is divided into the fork (2), enters the three-way valve (7), but in this case the fluid is evacuated by the right valve connection

(18) to lead it to the condenser, which in this preferred embodiment is a plate exchanger (12). The fluid in the gaseous state enters the exchanger through the upper gas connection (15) and is put in indirect contact with the water intended to be heated, which is introduced to it by the lower water connection (14), and due to at its lower temperature, the condensed fluid and the water is heated because of the energy transfer, and is returned to the cold water tank (17) when leaving the exchanger through the upper water connection (16). The liquid refrigerant fluid leaves the condenser in the form of a plate exchanger (12), through the lower gas connection (13), and goes to the boiler (5), forced by the orientation of the check valves (6 ).

In the boiler (5), the fluid coming from two condensers (the coil (3) and the plate exchanger (12)) is connected and is conducted to the filter (10) and from there to the expansion valve (11) , where evaporation begins. Due to the orientation of the aforementioned check valves (6), and the pressure that exists in other ducts, the only possible path for the fluid leaving the expansion valve (11) leads to the evaporator. In this preferred embodiment, the evaporator consists of a thermodynamic sensor (9) painted in white. Here the evaporation of the cooling fluid takes place due to the exchange of heat with the environment, favored by the high surface exposed to it by means of the thermodynamic sensor (9). Thus, the fluid in the gaseous state leaving the collector (9) is introduced into the three-way valve (7) through the left connection of the valve (8), and is evacuated through the central connection of the valve (19), moving to the compressor (1), to close the cycle.

Description of the preferred embodiment 3

In figure 2, a diagram of the embodiment 3 is shown, in which the equipment is configured for the production of cold, but circulating more antifreeze water inside the thermodynamic sensor (9). In this preferred embodiment, an additional exchanger (20) is available. The embodiment and the elements that compose it are described below.

In the same way, the compressor (1), aspirates the refrigerant gas and drives it towards the fork (2) where part of it is diverted to the coil (3) that surrounds the tank (4) destined to heat the water contained in its interior. The gas phase fluid condenses upon contact with the walls of the tank (4) which is at a lower temperature, obtaining hot water inside the tank. The position of the check valves (6), forces the condensed fluid at the outlet of the coil (3) to reach the boiler (5) where it accumulates in liquid form.

The other part of the refrigerant gas that is divided into the fork (2), is directed towards the three-way valve (7), arranged so that the fluid leaves it by the left connection of the valve (8) and is transported towards the condenser, which in this preferred embodiment is a second plate exchanger (20). In this second plate exchanger (20), the energy transfer takes place from said coolant fluid to a mixture of water and antifreeze, from a thermodynamic sensor (9) painted in white, which is exposed to the environment. Thus, in the condenser, the refrigerant fluid yields its latent heat to the mixture of water and antifreeze, the former condensing and heating the said mixture, which returns to the thermodynamic sensor (9), where the energy that has captured the environment, cooling to return again to the second exchanger (20).

The condensed fluid obtained by the lower outlet of the second exchanger (21) is directed to the boiler (5), forced by the arrangement of the check valves (6).

In the boiler (5), the fluid coming from two condensers (the coil (3) and the second plate exchanger (20)) is connected to the filter (10) and from there to the expansion valve (11 ), where evaporation begins. Due to the orientation of the aforementioned check valves (6), and the pressure that exists in other ducts, the only possible path for the fluid leaving the expansion valve (11) is that which leads to the evaporator. In this preferred embodiment, the evaporator consists of a plate exchanger (12), in which the fluid is introduced through its lower gas connection (13), and the water through the lower water connection (14), achieving the energy transfer, and thus obtaining a fluid in a gas state that leaves the plate exchanger (12) by the upper gas connection (15) and a cooled water that exits through the upper water connection (16), which It is stored in the cold water tank (17). The fluid in the gaseous state, on the other hand, is directed to the three-way valve (7), entering through the right connection of the valve (18) and leaving it through the central connection of the valve (19) to reach the compressor (1) closing the cycle.

Description of the preferred embodiment 4

In figure 3, a diagram of the embodiment 4 is shown, in which the equipment produces cold water for cooling when the outside temperatures are very high, whereby an additional cooling system of the thermodynamic collectors for favor the condensation of the refrigerant fluid therein, which is shown in greater detail in Figure 4. The embodiment and the elements that compose it are described below.

In the same way, the compressor (1), aspirates the refrigerant gas and drives it towards the fork (2) where part of it is diverted to the coil (3) that surrounds the tank (4) destined to heat the water contained in its interior. The gas phase fluid condenses upon contact with the walls of the tank (4) which is at a lower temperature, obtaining hot water inside the tank. The position of the check valves (6), forces the condensed fluid at the outlet of the coil (3) to reach the boiler (5) where it accumulates in liquid form.

The other part of the refrigerant gas that is divided into the fork (2), is directed towards the three-way valve (7), arranged so that the fluid leaves it by the left connection of the valve (8), leading towards the condenser, which in this preferred embodiment is two thermodynamic sensors (9) painted in white, so that the fluid is divided into two parts upon reaching the gas fork (22), and enters the thermodynamic sensors (9) (which can be seen in greater detail in Figure 4) through the inlet ducts to the collectors (23) that carry the fluid inside each thermodynamic sensor (9), where condensation occurs when placed in contact with ambient air. In order to favor the condensation of the gas in the case of the existence of high temperatures, a cooling system has been arranged in this preferred embodiment, which is formed by an irrigation tube (24) with holes (25) (only has pointed one in the figures

3 and 4), where the water flows to irrigate both collectors (9). The irrigation water that is at a lower temperature captures the heat of the thermodynamic collectors (9), favoring the condensation of the gas that circulates inside them. If the energy captured by the irrigation water is sufficient, it can evaporate, or otherwise, fall into a collection channel (26) that has a certain inclination to favor the evacuation of the irrigation water. Furthermore, in this preferred embodiment, the sensors (9) have the folding

(27) made towards the face of the gas circuit, so that this same folding (27) favors the collection of water at the bottom. The collection channel (26) has a hole (28) arranged in the lower part of the slope, for the evacuation of the irrigation water, which flows through the evacuation duct (29), and is directed towards a storage tank. accumulation of irrigation water (30) (can be seen in figure 3), which has a connection of

10 replenishment (31) to replenish spent water. Water is returned to the irrigation pipe (24) pumped by a discharge pump (32).

The condensed fluid is obtained through the outlet ducts of the collectors (33), joining at the confluence (34) to continue on its way to the boiler (5). Hereinafter, the embodiment is similar to the preferred embodiment 1.

Claims (10)

one.

 THERMODYNAMIC EQUIPMENT FOR REFRIGERATION, HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF SANITARY HOT WATER consisting of at least a compressor (1), expansion element (11) a boiler (5), a dehydrator filter (10), a heat exchanger (12) as well as auxiliary elements necessary for its correct operation, and characterized by having an external non-forced heat transmission element formed by one or several thermodynamic sensors (9) painted in light color inside which a refrigerant gas is circulated that evaporates or condenses as appropriate

2.

 THERMODYNAMIC EQUIPMENT FOR REFRIGERATION, HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF SANITARY HOT WATER, according to the preceding claim and characterized in that inside the thermodynamic collector (s) (9) water is circulated with antifreeze fluid.

3.

 THERMODYNAMIC EQUIPMENT FOR REFRIGERATION, HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF SANITARY HOT WATER, according to the preceding claims and characterized in that it has a second heat exchanger between the cooling fluid and the most antifreeze water that returns from the collectors.

Four.

 THERMODYNAMIC EQUIPMENT FOR REFRIGERATION, HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF SANITARY HOT WATER, according to the preceding claims and characterized by having an additional condenser, for the production of sanitary hot water.

5.

 THERMODYNAMIC EQUIPMENT FOR REFRIGERATION, HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF SANITARY HOT WATER, according to the preceding claims and characterized in that the condenser is formed by a coil (3) that surrounds a reservoir (4) where the domestic hot water is stored.

6.

 THERMODYNAMIC EQUIPMENT FOR REFRIGERATION, HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF SANITARY HOT WATER, according to the preceding claims and characterized in that the tank (4) destined for the storage of sanitary hot water has an additional heating element as an electrical resistance.

7.

 THERMODYNAMIC EQUIPMENT FOR REFRIGERATION, HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF SANITARY HOT WATER, according to the preceding claims and characterized in that the thermodynamic collector (s) (9) that make up the evaporator or condenser as appropriate, are painted with thermochromic paint.

8.

 THERMODYNAMIC EQUIPMENT FOR REFRIGERATION, HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF SANITARY HOT WATER, according to the preceding claims and characterized in that the thermodynamic collector (s) (9), have any cooling system installed.

9.

 THERMODYNAMIC EQUIPMENT FOR REFRIGERATION, HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF SANITARY HOT WATER, according to the preceding claim and characterized in that the cooling system of the thermodynamic collectors (9), is composed of an irrigation tube (24) with holes (25) located in the upper part of the aforementioned thermodynamic sensors (9), where water circulates, a gutter (26) where this irrigation water is collected, an accumulator tank of irrigation water (30) and a discharge pump (32).

10.

 THERMODYNAMIC EQUIPMENT FOR REFRIGERATION, HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF SANITARY HOT WATER, according to the preceding claims and characterized in that the thermodynamic sensors (9) have the folded edges (27) towards the face of the gas circuit.