ES1075034U - Component for channeling electrical conduits. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Component for channeling electrical conduits. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES1075034U ES1075034U ES201130602U ES201130602U ES1075034U ES 1075034 U ES1075034 U ES 1075034U ES 201130602 U ES201130602 U ES 201130602U ES 201130602 U ES201130602 U ES 201130602U ES 1075034 U ES1075034 U ES 1075034U
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- component
- layer
- translation
- electrical conduits
- machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- HSSJULAPNNGXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Zn] Chemical compound [Co].[Zn] HSSJULAPNNGXFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- NSEQHAPSDIEVCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.[Zn+2] Chemical compound N.[Zn+2] NSEQHAPSDIEVCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930003779 Vitamin B12 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- OMUGFZNEOIWQOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].OB(O)O OMUGFZNEOIWQOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000005779 cell damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037887 cell injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].N([C@@H]([C@]1(C)[N-]\C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C(\C)/C1=N/C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C\C1=N\C([C@H](C1(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=C/1C)[C@@H]2CC(N)=O)=C\1[C@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N2C3=CC(C)=C(C)C=C3N=C2)O[C@@H]1CO FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004077 genetic alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000118 genetic alteration Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Componente para canalización de conducciones eléctricas.Component for conduit pipeline electric.
Los componentes para canalización de conducciones eléctricas, con objeto de evitar la corrosión y oxidación de sus superficies exteriores (independiente del tratamiento que se aplique a las internas en aquéllos que son huecos) se han venido protegiendo por medio de una primera capa de galvanizado, aplicada generalmente sumergiendo la pieza a recubrir, previamente limpia por aplicación o inmersión en una disolución acuosa (electrolito) que posea los iones del metal a depositar, con lo que la pieza a recubrir constituye el cátodo de la cubeta electrolítica; mientras que el ánodo está constituido por barras de gran pureza del metal de deposición, cuya función consiste en mantener constante la concentración de los iones metálicos en el electrolito entre las disoluciones acuosas que se han venido utilizando para el depósito del zinc podemos señalar baños de zincado ácido al bórico; baños de zincado ácido al amonio; baños de zincado alcalino con cianuros, al bajo cianuro, al medio cianuro y al alto cianuro; baños de zincado alcalino sin cianuros. Muchos de ellos han ido desapareciendo, en razón de normas prohibitivas debidas a las consecuencias negativas para el medio ambiente y con ello para la salud, que supone su utilización. Actualmente los más utilizados son los alcalinos sin cianuros. En la Norma UNE-EN 61386-2004, página 25, tabla 10, en el tema de resistencia a la corrosión, se señalan la totalidad de las medidas a cumplir para la aplicación de galvanizados por electro-zincado.The components for channeling of electrical conduits, in order to avoid corrosion and oxidation of its outer surfaces (independent of treatment that applies to inmates in those who are gaps) have been protected by means of a first layer of galvanized, generally applied by submerging the piece to be coated, previously cleaned by application or immersion in a solution aqueous (electrolyte) that possesses the ions of the metal to deposit, with what the piece to cover constitutes the cathode of the cuvette electrolytic; while the anode consists of bars of great purity of the deposition metal, whose function consists in keep the concentration of metal ions in the electrolyte between the aqueous solutions that have come using for the deposit of zinc we can point baths of zinc boric acid; acid zinc ammonium baths; bathrooms of alkaline zinc with cyanides, low cyanide, medium cyanide and at high cyanide; alkaline zinc baths without cyanides. Many of they have been disappearing, because of prohibitive norms due to the negative consequences for the environment and with this for health, which implies its use. Currently the most Used are alkalis without cyanides. In the Standard UNE-EN 61386-2004, page 25, table 10, on the issue of corrosion resistance, the all the measures to be complied with for the application of electroplated galvanized.
Si bien, la aplicación de dicha capa de recubrimiento galvanizada, disminuye la velocidad de oxidación del zinc entre 10 y 30 veces, su superficie resulta ser químicamente activa, por lo que continúa la posibilidad de futuras reacciones entre el zinc y los componentes contenidos en el medio ambiente. Por ello sobre esta capa se aplica una segunda de pasivado.While the application of said layer of galvanized coating, decreases the oxidation rate of the zinc between 10 and 30 times, its surface turns out to be chemically active, so the possibility of future reactions continues between zinc and the components contained in the environment. By this on this layer a second passivation is applied.
Dicha capa de pasivado se encuentra referida a una película relativamente inerte sobre la superficie de un material, frecuentemente un metal, que le protege de la acción de agentes externos. Aún en el caso de que la reacción entre el metal y el agente externo sea termodinámicamente factible a nivel macroscópico, la capa de pasivado impide que éstos puedan interactuar, con lo que la reacción química o electroquímica se ve muy reducida o completamente impedida.Said passivation layer is referred to a relatively inert film on the surface of a material, often a metal, that protects it from the action of external agents Even if the reaction between the metal and the external agent is thermodynamically feasible at the level macroscopic, the passivation layer prevents them from being able to interact, with what the chemical or electrochemical reaction looks very reduced or completely impeded.
Entre las capas de pasivado más frecuentemente utilizadas se encuentran las denominadas de pasivado amarillo hexavalente (con Cromo VI); las de pasivado negro hexavalente (con Cromo VI); las de pasivado verde oliva hexavalente (con cromo VI) y las de pasivado azul trivalente (con Cromo III). Con menor utilización también se han utilizado capas denominadas de pasivado zinc cobalto amarillo, de pasivado zinc cobalto azul y aplicación de agentes de pasivado por pulverización con utilización de aluminio u otros elementos tonalizadores, y otros de menor eficacia que no consideramos por su escaso uso, debido a su inferior capacidad para el fin que nos ocupa.Between passivation layers more frequently used are called yellow passivates hexavalent (with Chromium VI); those of passivated black hexavalent (with Chrome VI); hexavalent olive green passivated (with chromium VI) and those of trivalent blue passivate (with Chrome III). With minor use also called passivated layers yellow cobalt zinc, passivated blue cobalt zinc and application of spray passivating agents using aluminum or other tonalizing elements, and others of less efficiency than not We consider its low use, due to its lower capacity to The end that concerns us.
Concluimos en que las capas de pasivado propiamente dichas, desde luego sin contar otros los efectos producidos por agentes de pasivado de menor uso y eficacia, tales como las pulverizaciones base de aluminio u otros, contienen cromo, cuyo peligro de utilización y, con muy inferior utilización en lugar de dicho metal contienen cobalto.We conclude that the passivated layers proper, of course without counting others the effects produced by passivating agents of less use and efficiency, such such as aluminum or other base sprays, they contain chromium, whose danger of use and, with much lower use instead of said metal contain cobalt.
La capa de pasivado más utilizada desde hace unos veinte años y muy particularmente desde uno de julio de dos mil seis, fecha en que entró en vigor la Directiva 2002/95/CE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo sobre restricciones a la utilización de determinadas sustancias peligrosas en los aparatos eléctricos y electrónicos, es la que contiene cromo trivalente.The most commonly used passivation layer about twenty years and very particularly since July 1, two thousand six, date on which Directive 2002/95 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on restrictions on use of certain dangerous substances in the devices electrical and electronic, is the one that contains trivalent chromium.
No obstante no se trata de que el Cromo VI sea nocivo para la salud y el Cromo III no lo sea. La diferencia entre ambos radica en el estado de oxidación El cromo trivalente se encuentra en un estado de oxidación 3+, y el hexavalente en un estado 6+. Estos diferentes estados dan lugar a distintos comportamientos. El Cromo VI tiene un potencial de oxidación muy grande y es más hidrosoluble. El Cromo III es mucho menos soluble en agua. El Cromo VI atraviesa con mucha facilidad las membranas celulares debido a su afinidad con los transportadores aniónicos de membrana. No obstante ambos pueden enlazarse con moléculas orgánicas lipofilicas, lo que les vuelve bio-disponibles, mucho más el Cromo III que el Cromo VI, pero ambos lo son, y por tanto ambos constituyen sustancias peligrosas.However, it is not that Chrome VI is Harmful to health and Chrome III is not. The difference between both lie in the oxidation state The trivalent chromium is found in a 3+ oxidation state, and the hexavalent in a state 6+. These different states give rise to different behaviors Chromium VI has a very oxidation potential Large and is more water soluble. Chromium III is much less soluble in Water. Chromium VI crosses the membranes very easily cell phones due to their affinity with the anionic transporters of membrane. However both can be linked with organic molecules lipophilic, which makes them bio-available, much more Chrome III than Chrome VI, but both are, and by Both both constitute dangerous substances.
Como se ha indicado, con utilización muy inferior existen capas de pasivado, contenedoras de cobalto.As indicated, with very good use lower there are passivated layers, cobalt containers.
El cobalto tiene efectos tanto beneficiosos como perjudiciales para la salud de los seres humanos. Por ejemplo es beneficioso por formar parte de la vitamina B^{12}. Sin embargo la exposición a niveles superiores de cobalto puede producir efectos perniciosos en pulmones y corazón. Aunque no es el caso, naturalmente la exposición a altas cantidades de radiactividad emitida por el cobalto, pueden producir daños celulares irreversibles. No se ha demostrado que el cobalto no radiactivo produzca cáncer en seres humanos o animales, después de su exposición a través de los alimentos o el agua, pero si se ha observado cáncer en animales que respiraron cobalto o cuando se colocó dicho metal directamente en el tejido muscular o bajo la piel.Cobalt has both beneficial and beneficial effects. harmful to the health of human beings. For example is beneficial for being part of vitamin B12. However, the exposure to higher levels of cobalt may produce effects pernicious in lungs and heart. Although it is not the case, naturally exposure to high amounts of radioactivity emitted by cobalt, can cause cell damage irreversible It has not been shown that non-radioactive cobalt cause cancer in humans or animals, after exposure through food or water, but if observed cancer in animals that breathed cobalt or when placed said metal directly in the muscle tissue or under the skin.
La exposición a determinados niveles de radiación son posiblemente cancerígenos en seres humanos y pueden producir alteraciones genéticas en el interior de las células, lo que puede conducir al desarrollo de ciertos tipos de cáncer.Exposure to certain levels of radiation are possibly carcinogenic in humans and can produce genetic alterations inside the cells, what It can lead to the development of certain types of cancer.
En resumen las capas de pasivado conocidas pueden llegar a resultar peligrosas, si bien se cree que las posibilidades de que los seres humanos sean perjudicados si se cumplen las indicaciones de las normas, no son muy altas, pero tampoco nulas.In summary the known passivation layers they can be dangerous, although it is believed that chances of human beings being harmed if they They meet the indications of the standards, they are not very high, but neither void.
Por ello resultaría muy conveniente que las capas de pasivado no contuvieran, cromo, cobalto, ni otros metales que puedan resultar perjudiciales, y, al menos con eficacia análoga a las que ahora se utilizan.Therefore it would be very convenient for the passivated layers did not contain, chromium, cobalt, or other metals that may be harmful, and, at least with analogous efficacy to those that are now used.
Partiendo del estado de la técnica precedentemente descrito, la invención se plantea como objetivo el desarrollo de un componente para de canalizaciones de conducciones eléctricas con una capa externa de revestimiento, en forma de capa de pasivado totalmente exenta de cromo, incluso en sus formas trivalente y hexavalente, y de cobalto, que está aplicada sobre la capa de galvanizado de dicho componente.Starting from the state of the art previously described, the invention aims at development of a component for conduit pipes electrical with an outer layer of coating, in the form of a layer of passivate totally free of chromium, even in its forms trivalent and hexavalent, and cobalt, which is applied on the galvanized layer of said component.
El componente para canalización de conducciones eléctricas tiene una superficie externa formada por una capa de galvanizado tiene adicionalmente, al menos una capa de pasivado aplicada recubriendo dicha superficie externa, caracterizado por que dicha capa de pasivado está constituida por compuesto de recubrimiento exento de cromo y de cobalto.The conduit pipe component electrical has an external surface formed by a layer of galvanized additionally has at least one passivating layer applied covering said external surface, characterized in that said passivating layer is made up of chrome and cobalt free coating.
De acuerdo con otras características adicionales de la invención, dicho componente está configurado como un tubo para canalización de cables, un manguito de unión de tubos para canalización de cables, un tramo de bandeja de chapa para canalización de cables o un tramo de bandeja de rejilla para canalización de cables.In accordance with other additional features of the invention, said component is configured as a tube for cable ducting, a pipe joint sleeve for cable ducting, a section of sheet tray for cable ducting or a grid tray section for cable ducting.
Según otra característica adicional de la invención, resulta ventajoso que el compuesto de recubrimiento se elija entre hexaflourcirconato de amonio y nitrato de magnesio.According to another additional feature of the invention, it is advantageous that the coating compound is Choose between ammonium hexaflourcirconate and magnesium nitrate.
Otras características y ventajas de la invención resultarán más claramente de la descripción que sigue realizada con la ayuda de los dibujos anexos, referidos a un ejemplo de ejecución no limitativo y en los que:Other features and advantages of the invention will result more clearly from the description that follows with the help of the attached drawings, referring to an example of execution non-limiting and in which:
La figura 1 en un componente de acuerdo con la invención previsto en forma de tubo.Figure 1 in a component according to the invention provided in the form of a tube.
Las figuras 2 a 4 muestran diversas configuraciones del componente según la invención.Figures 2 to 4 show various configurations of the component according to the invention.
Como se muestra en los dibujos el componente para canalización de conducciones eléctricas, por ejemplo un tubo 2, un manguito de unión 3, un tramo de bandeja de chapa 4 o un tramo de bandeja de rejilla 5, tiene una superficie externa 1 formada por una capa de galvanizado.As shown in the drawings the component for channeling electrical conduits, for example a tube 2, a connecting sleeve 3, a section of sheet tray 4 or a section of grid tray 5, has an outer surface 1 formed by a galvanized layer
Esta superficie exterior 1 galvanizada, comprende, al menos una capa de recubrimiento de pasivado 10, constituida por compuesto de recubrimiento exento de cromo y de cobalto.This outer surface 1 galvanized, it comprises at least one passivation coating layer 10, consisting of chromium-free coating compound and cobalt.
Los compuestos para la capa de pasivado 10, se elijen de manera ventajosa entre hexafluorocirconato de amonio y nitrato de magnesio.The compounds for passivation layer 10, are choose advantageously between ammonium hexafluorocirconate and magnesium nitrate
Como resultará fácilmente comprendido por las personas versadas en el arte, lo anteriormente descrito es meramente ilustrativo de un modo de realización preferido de la invención de modo que son posibles modificaciones técnicas de toda índole.As will be easily understood by the people versed in art, the above described is merely illustrative of a preferred embodiment of the invention of so that technical modifications of all kinds are possible.
Suficientemente que ha sido descrito el objeto de la invención, solamente resta señalar que las realizaciones derivadas de cambios de forma, dimensiones y similares, así como las resultantes de una aplicación de lo anteriormente revelado, deberán considerarse incluidas en su ámbito, de manera que la invención tan solo estará limitada por el alcance de las siguientes reivindicaciones.Enough that the object has been described of the invention, it only remains to point out that the embodiments derived from changes in shape, dimensions and the like, as well as resulting from an application of the previously disclosed, must be considered included in its scope, so that the invention so It will only be limited by the scope of the following claims.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201130602U ES1075034U (en) | 2011-06-02 | 2011-06-02 | Component for channeling electrical conduits. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201130602U ES1075034U (en) | 2011-06-02 | 2011-06-02 | Component for channeling electrical conduits. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES1075034U true ES1075034U (en) | 2011-07-18 |
Family
ID=44225679
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201130602U Ceased ES1075034U (en) | 2011-06-02 | 2011-06-02 | Component for channeling electrical conduits. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES1075034U (en) |
-
2011
- 2011-06-02 ES ES201130602U patent/ES1075034U/en not_active Ceased
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| ES2691422T3 (en) | Exterior cladding for buried iron-based pipe element, coated pipe element and coating deposition procedure | |
| TWI649189B (en) | Overcoat of iron underground pipe fitting, coated pipe fitting, and method for depositing outer coating | |
| PE20090660A1 (en) | PRE-TREATMENT COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR COATING A METALLIC SUBSTRATE | |
| DE602007008557D1 (en) | DEVELOPABLE MEDICAL DEVICE | |
| WO2008034682A8 (en) | Assembly for cooling a liquid-cooled electrical machine with corrosion protection achieved by means of high-temperature zinc plating | |
| WO2008125246A3 (en) | Button cell comprising a coated exterior | |
| EP1944390A4 (en) | Treatment solution for forming black hxavalent chromium-free chemical conversion coating film on zinc or zinc alloy | |
| CN105040006A (en) | Water-based antirust agent used for electric generator metal cover | |
| ES1075034U (en) | Component for channeling electrical conduits. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) | |
| CN204119682U (en) | A shell with vacuum electroplating and laser engraving deplating | |
| MX374549B (en) | USE OF A SOLUTION CONTAINING SULFATE IONS TO REDUCE DARKNESS OR TARNISHING OF A STEEL SHEET DURING STORAGE AND STEEL SHEET TREATED BY SUCH A SOLUTION. | |
| US8163159B2 (en) | Enclosing manufacture with a magnesium sacrificial anode for corrosion protection | |
| JP5552538B2 (en) | Galvanic batteries as equipment batteries | |
| GB803864A (en) | Improvements in sacrificial anodes for use in cathode protection systems | |
| SE0602301L (en) | Grommet | |
| JP2008303457A (en) | Rust prevention method for pipe for heat exchanger, pipe for heat exchanger, rust prevention method for heat exchanger, and heat exchanger | |
| Beloglazov | Electrochemical hydrogen and metals: absorption, diffusion and embrittlement prevention in corrosion and electroplating | |
| ES2768617T3 (en) | Procedure for the reduction of radioactive contamination from the surface of a component used in a nuclear reactor | |
| JP4901296B2 (en) | Magnesium member surface treatment method | |
| KR100661047B1 (en) | Simultaneous electroplating device inside and outside of fuel supply pipe installed in automobile fuel tank | |
| CN205367902U (en) | Marine sea water and fresh water ionizationoun processing apparatus | |
| JPS6456888A (en) | Corrosion preventing method for steel casing pipe and buried pipe using the same | |
| RU94975U1 (en) | DEVELOPMENT OF PROTECTION AGAINST CORROSION OF THE INTERNAL SURFACE OF OIL PIPELINES | |
| CR8782A (en) | APPLIANCE AND METHOD FOR PURIFYING WATER WITH A SUBMERGED GALVANIC CELL | |
| Kwiatkowski et al. | THE POSSIBILITIES OF PROTECTION OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS BY CHEMICAL/ELECTROCHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENTS |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FC1K | Utility model refused |
Effective date: 20120912 |