ES1059802U - Openers unit seeders. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Unit openers for sowing machines, of the type that form part of a battery or plurality of laterally adjacent units, working in parallel, each of which has means for opening a groove on the ground, for uniform input of the seeds, and for subsequent covering thereof at the bottom of the groove, characterized in that the means of opening the groove consist of a single disc, with the classic work inclination, but with a curved-concave inflection in its periphery that configures for the same a kind of bowl, on whose edge the cutting edge of the disk, arched and inclined, with a concavity of the order of three to ten mm is established, completing this disc with a wheel of support on the ground, which limits the degree of penetration of the disk in the ground, disc that is out of phase both forward and downward with respect to said wheel. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Opener unit for seeders.

Object of the invention

The present invention relates to a module or unit opener, intended to be part of a machine seeder, where a plurality of units or modules define, by its own number, the working width of the machine on the ground.

The object of the invention is to achieve a opener with which the removal of the land is improved, determining a housing area for seeds with soil loose, which improves germination and rooting conditions, making it uniform.

The invention is especially applicable to field of sowing machines intended for direct sowing, is say without prior tillage, where they are on the ground plant residues from the previous crop.

Background of the invention

The line of action of any seeder it consists of opening a groove on the ground, depositing on said furrow the seeds, then compact them, and finally close the groove through the contribution of land inside it.

In the line of getting the greatest savings of possible costs, processes of direct sowing, without tillage, with seeder machines that stops perform the first sowing phase mentioned above, that of groove opening, use a pair of discs that act as cutting elements on the ground, generally out of date in sense of progress to improve cutting conditions, and that with an appropriate transverse spacing open a groove of width in turn suitable to receive seed alignment correspondent.

However this disk system for the opening of the groove generates a fratachado of the wall of the land on which the seed is deposited, so that the compaction of the terrain hinders the optimal location of the seeds. On the other hand, there is a mixture of the earth with the plant residues in the location zone of the seeds, which causes the creation of air chambers that negatively impact in seed germination, especially in uniformity Of the same.

Description of the invention

The opener unit proposed by the invention solves the problem fully satisfactorily previously exposed, so that thanks to the special structuring of it a housing camera is achieved for seeds with completely loose soil, avoiding the classic and quoted effect of fratachado, at the same time that separates the vegetal residues of the earth, avoiding the deposition of seeds next to these residues, which results from special interest when such wastes are bulky, such as in the case of corn, also collaborating in the cut with greater efficiency of high residues of the previous crop, and shaping a planting line capable of removing the soil without stems or residues in the groove.

To do this and more specifically this unit opener focuses its characteristics on the fact that it incorporates a single cutting disc, which attacks the ground with it inclination than traditional discs, but that present their generatrix curved in its outer marginal zone, configuring a kind of bowl of the order of 3 to 10 mm of concavity, which is the which generates the aforementioned beneficial effects.

The said single disk is complemented by a side wheel to it, which is outdated in height, in addition to be also laterally offset, as is evident, and that it constitutes the support guide on the ground that limits the level of disc depth in it, rolls with a stepped profile so that it rests on the ground in the distal area with respect to to the disk, while in the area facing the latter is separates considerably from the ground surface, to facilitate the removal of the latter.

For the rest and as is conventional, after these two elements, disc and penetration limiting wheel, are establishes a semi-pneumatic wheel to tighten the seeds and, finally, a ground pusher wheel inside the furrow to cover the seeds.

Description of the drawings

To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization of it, is accompanied as part member of that description, a set of drawings where with illustrative and non-limiting nature, what has been represented next:

Figure 1.- Shows, according to an elevation view side, an opener unit for seeders in accordance with the object of the present invention.

Figure 2.- Shows a front profile of the set represented in the previous figure.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

In view of the figures outlined you can be observed as in the opener unit proposed by the invention participates a single disc (1) of court of the land, which as note especially in figure 2 presents its marginal zone (2) arched, configuring a kind of bowl of approximately 460 mm in diameter for 3 to 10 mm of concavity, corresponding the free edge of its side wall with the cutting edge of the disk.

This disc (1) is faced by his face concave to a wheel (3) that is substantially displaced towards back with respect to the disk (1), as seen in Figure 1 and which is also out of phase with respect to said disk, as also seen especially in figure 2, of so that the wheel (3) constitutes the support guide on the sowing ground (4) that delimits the degree of depth of the disk (1) in said terrain.

This wheel (3) has a stepped profile, of so that its zone or half opposite the disk (1) is larger diameter and is the one that rests on the ground (4), while in its another half defines a neck (5) of smaller diameter, facing the work area (2) of the disc (1) and that allows easy Earth mobilization when cut and removed by the disk (1), avoiding its compaction.

Next to the disc (1), as opposed to the wheel (3) the classic tube (6) for seed supply is placed (7).

For the rest and as is conventional, after the set consisting of the disk (1) and the wheel (3) is established a semi-pneumatic wheel (8) that squeezes the seeds (7) and that totally eliminates airbags while a wheel rear (9) finally fill the groove perfectly covering the seed (7), which is thus in optimal conditions of germination.

Logically and as is conventional, a plurality of opener units as described will be arranged in battery along a common support (10), transverse to the direction of advance of the machine, to determine the band or width of work of said machine.

Claims (3)

1. Unit opener for sowing machines, of the type that are part of a battery or plurality of laterally adjacent units, working in parallel, each of which has means for opening a groove on the ground, for uniform contribution of the seeds, and for later covering them at the bottom of the groove, characterized in that the opening means of the groove consist of a single disc, with the classic working inclination, but with a curved-concave inflection in its periphery that configures for it a kind of bowl, on whose edge the cutting edge of the disc, arched and inclined, with a concavity of the order of three to ten mm is established, said disk being completed with a support wheel on the ground, which limits the degree of penetration of the disc in the ground, disc that is out of phase both forward and downward with respect to said wheel. 2. Opener unit for seeder machines, according to claim 1, characterized in that said wheel has a stepped profile, with a neck of smaller diameter in its half of adaptation to the disc, so that the support area on the floor of said wheel is laterally offset with respect to the work area of the disk. 3. Unit opener for seeder machines, according to previous claims, characterized in that after the opening elements of the groove, disc and wheel, a semi-pneumatic wheel is established that presses the seeds against the bottom of the groove, and finally a wheel that pushes the earth laterally removed by the first, to cover the groove.