ES1056552U

ES1056552U - Luminaire of direct transmission of the solar light. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Info

Publication number: ES1056552U
Application number: ES200400153U
Authority: ES
Inventors: Alejandro Carazo Rodríguez
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-01-26
Filing date: 2004-01-26
Publication date: 2004-04-01
Anticipated expiration: 2014-01-26
Also published as: ES1056552Y

Abstract

Luminaire for direct transmission of sunlight, which is intended to allow illumination of the interior (2) of a passenger compartment without windows or gaps in communication with the outside, and that passenger compartment (2) being separated from the exterior (1) by means of a partition, wall or similar (3), it is characterized in that it comprises two large parabolic mirrors (4) and (5) located on either side of the separating wall (3), with their opposite convexities, the mirror (4) being ) located on the outside and the mirror (5) located on the inside, and both joined by means of a tube or conduit (8) that crosses the wall (3); it being provided that in the corresponding focus of both mirrors (4) and (5) are provided two other mirrors (4 ") and (5") of small size, the first of them with the concavity opposite the concavity of the mirror (4), while the mirror (5 ") has its concavity parallel to the concavity of the mirror (5), determining that the sunrays (6) that strike parallel to the external mirror (4) impinge on the concavity of the mirror ( 4 ''), concentrating said rays and being reflected towards the conduit or tube (8), passing through it and striking the inner mirror (5 ''), reflecting the corresponding rays (7) on the concavity of the mirror ( 5), which reflects in parallel the rays (7 ") producing the illumination of the interior or interior (2). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Luminaria de transmisión directa de la luz solar.Luminaire for direct transmission of sunlight.

Object of the invention

La presente invención se refiere a una luminaria de transmisión directa de la luz solar, cuya evidente finalidad es la de transmitir directamente la radiación lumínica del sol desde el exterior al interior de un habitáculo, a través de un estrecho conducto que atraviesa el tabique o muro de separación entre los ambientes, es decir, entre el exterior y el interior.The present invention relates to a transmission luminaire direct sunlight, whose obvious purpose is to transmit directly the sun's light radiation from outside to inside a passenger compartment, through a narrow duct that it crosses the partition wall or wall between the environments, it is say, between outside and inside.

La luminaria se basa en la propiedad que tienen los espejos parabólicos para concentrar rayos de luz paralelos a su eje de simetría en el foco de su parábola, y viceversa, reflejar un haz de rayos paralelos a partir de una radiación emitida desde el foco.The luminaire is based on the property that mirrors have parabolic to concentrate rays of light parallel to its axis symmetry in the focus of your parable, and vice versa, reflect a beam of parallel rays from a radiation emitted from the focus.

Background of the invention

En muchas ocasiones seria deseable que determinados habitáculos, bien por seguridad, bien por razones técnicas o de confort, privacidad, o cualquier otra eventualidad, no estuvieran abiertas con las clásicas ventanas, ojos de buey, etc., para la entrada de la luz natural o solar.On many occasions it would be desirable for certain habitats, either for safety, for technical or comfort reasons, privacy, or any other eventuality, were not open with the classic windows, portholes, etc., for the entrance of natural or solar light

Evidentemente esa situación se resolvería mediante iluminación eléctrica, pero lógicamente en este caso el habitáculo carecería de luz natural, lo cual siempre es perjudicial, así como siempre es deseable la luz natural a la luz artificial o eléctrica.Evidently that situation would be resolved by lighting electric, but logically in this case the cabin would lack natural light, which is always harmful, just as it always is Desirable natural light to artificial or electric light.

Se desconoce la existencia de dispositivos o sistemas que permitan iluminar con un haz de luz natural el interior de un habitáculo sin abrir huecos o ventanas en el correspondiente tabique, techo o pared, o al menos se desconocen sistemas basados en las propiedades que tienen los espejos parabólicos de reflejar y concentrar los rayos de luz.The existence of devices or systems that are unknown is unknown. allow to illuminate with a beam of natural light the interior of a cabin without opening holes or windows in the corresponding partition, ceiling or wall, or at least unknown based systems in the properties that parabolic mirrors have to reflect and concentrate the rays of light.

Description of the invention

La luminaria que se preconiza, ha sido concebida precisamente para permitir iluminar el interior de un habitáculo con luz natural sin abrir huecos grandes o ventanas en dicho habitáculo.The recommended luminaire has been designed precisely to allow to illuminate the interior of a cabin with natural light without opening large holes or windows in said cabin.

Más concretamente, la luminaria de la invención se basa en disponer dos grandes espejos parabólicos, uno en el interior de un habitáculo y otro en el exterior y con luz natural, de manera que los espejos quedan con las convexidades en oposición, es decir enfrentadas ambas convexidades a una y otra cara del muro o pared que delimita la parte interior de la parte exterior del habitáculo, y relacionados entre sí a través de un pequeño tubo alojado en el interior de un paso establecido al efecto en el tabique o muro, previéndose en dicho tubo una pareja de lentes extremas para evitar la entrada de polvo al interior del habitáculo.More specifically, the luminaire of the invention is based on arrange two large parabolic mirrors, one inside a cabin and another outside and with natural light, so that the mirrors remain with the convexities in opposition, that is both convexities facing both sides of the wall or wall which delimits the inner part of the outer part of the cabin, and related to each other through a small tube housed in the inside a step established for the purpose in the partition or wall, provided in said tube a pair of extreme lenses to avoid the entrance of dust into the interior of the cabin.

La superficie interna del tubo que une entre sí ambos espejos parabólicos y que atraviesa y está. alojado en el orificio o paso establecido al efecto en el muro o tabique, debe presentar su superficie recubierta de un material de la mayor reflexión lumínica posible, para minimizar la absorción de luz a su paso.The inner surface of the tube that joins both mirrors together parabolic and that goes through and is. housed in the hole or passage established for this purpose on the wall or partition, you must present your surface covered with a material with the greatest light reflection possible, to minimize the absorption of light in its path.

La luminaria se complementará con sendos pequeños espejos, también parabólicos y situados en correspondencia con los focos de los dos espejos parabólicos mayores y sujetos a ellos de la manera más apropiada.The luminaire will be complemented by small mirrors, also parabolic and located in correspondence with the foci of the two major parabolic mirrors and subject to them in the manner More appropriate.

El espejo mayor situado en el exterior se le denominará espejo receptor, de manera que desde él incidirá la luz a transmitir, y a mayor superficie mayor intensidad de luz captada. El espejo menor vinculado a este espejo receptor, se denominará espejo colector, que puede estar constituido por una lente especular colectora, con su concavidad orientada enfrentadamente a la concavidad del espejo receptor, de manera que los rayos de luz que inciden paralelamente en el espejo receptor, por reflexión, se proyectan hacia el espejo colector, concentrándose éstos y siendo proyectados desde dicho espejo colector hacia la boca de entrada del colector que constituye el tubo cilíndrico de alta reflectancia que atraviesa el muro entre ese espejo receptor externo y el espejo interior denominado en este caso difusor, estando éste previsto para reflejar en el espacio, es decir en el interior del habitáculo, la luz recogida y dispersada contra él por el pequeño espejo relacionado con el mismo y que se encuentra situado en correspondencia con el foco de dicho espejo difusor, siendo este último espejo denominado dispersor, pudiendo estar constituido también por una lente especular dispersora.The major mirror located outside will be called a mirror receiver, so that from it the light to transmit will affect, and to greater surface greater intensity of captured light. The minor mirror linked to this receiving mirror, it will be called a collecting mirror, which may be constituted by a specular collector lens, with its concavity facing the concavity of the mirror receiver, so that the light rays that hit parallel in the receiving mirror, by reflection, they are projected towards the mirror collector, concentrating these and being projected from said collector mirror towards the collector inlet mouth that constitutes the cylindrical tube of high reflectance that crosses the wall between that external receiving mirror and the inner mirror denominated in this case diffuser, being this one planned to reflect in space, that is inside the cabin, the light collected and scattered against him by the small related mirror with the same and that is located in correspondence with the focus of said diffuser mirror, the latter being called disperser, which may also consist of a lens speculate disperser.

De esta manera se consigue iluminar el interior del habitáculo mediante la disposición de los espejos y del tubo colector anteriormente referidos, habiéndose previsto que el espejo receptor pueda ser fijo, giratorio, orientable, etc., accionable mecánicamente de forma automática, o bien de forma manual desde el interior, para permitir la orientación del mismo de acuerdo con la trayectoria solar. En cuanto al espejo colector, el mismo tendrá su cara cóncava recubierta de material muy reflectante y su cara convexa traslúcida, para permitir pasar los rayos de luz a su través y hacia el espejo receptor o el tubo colector, según sea la dirección de los rayos.In this way it is possible to illuminate the interior of the cabin by arranging the mirrors and the collecting tube referred to above, the receiver mirror having been foreseen can be fixed, swivel, orientable, etc., operable mechanically automatically, or manually from the interior, to allow its orientation according to the solar path As for the collector mirror, it will have its concave face covered with very reflective material and its face translucent convex, to allow light rays to pass through and to the receiving mirror or the collecting tube, depending on the direction of the rays.

Finalmente decir que los dos espejos de cada lado del muro, es decir el espejo receptor y el espejo colector, así como el espejo difusor y el espejo dispersor, podrán estar unidos entre sí mediante soportes rígidos, lente-espejo, que podrán situarse en los bordes de los espejos o sobre su superficie parabólica, o bien mediante elementos o soportes rígidos de unión al tubo colector, que podrían ser deslizantes para poder regular la luz, acercando o alejando las lentes —colectora y dispersora- a sus respectivos espejos colector o difusor, hasta incluso la obturación del tubo colector y consiguiente cierre del paso de luz.Finally say that the two mirrors on each side of the wall, is say the receiving mirror and the collecting mirror, as well as the mirror diffuser and scattering mirror, may be linked together by rigid supports, lens-mirror, which can be placed in the edges of the mirrors or on its parabolic surface, or by elements or rigid supports of union to the collecting tube, that could be sliding to regulate the light, approaching or moving the lenses away - collector and disperser - to their respective manifold or diffuser mirrors, even the tube seal collector and subsequent closing of the light path.

Description of the drawings

Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, una hoja única de planos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado una representación según una sección transversal esquemática de la luminaria de transmisión directa de luz solar entre el exterior y el interior de un habitáculo separados por un muro o tabique.To complement the description that is being made and with in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred embodiment practice thereof, is accompanied as an integral part of said description, a single sheet of plans where with character illustrative and not limiting, a representation has been represented according to a schematic cross section of the luminaire of direct transmission of sunlight between the exterior and interior of a cabin separated by a wall or partition.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

Como se puede ver en la figura referida, la luminaria de la invención, para transmitir la luz natural desde una zona externa (1) a una zona interna o habitáculo (2), separadas por un muro o tabique (3), comprende dos grandes espejos parabólicos (4) y (5), el primero de ellos como espejo receptor, situado en el exterior (1), previsto para que sobre el mismo incida la luz a transmitir, de acuerdo con los rayos solares (6). Lógicamente a mayor amplitud o superficie del espejo (4) mayor será la intensidad de luz captada.As you can see in the referred figure, the luminaire of the invention, to transmit natural light from an external zone (1) to an internal or interior area (2), separated by a wall or partition wall (3), comprises two large parabolic mirrors (4) and (5), the first one as a receiving mirror, located outside (1), intended for the light to be transmitted on it, according to the sun's rays (6). Logically to greater extent or mirror surface (4) greater will be the intensity of light captured.

Por su parte, el espejo (5), denominado difusor, estará situado en el interior (2) y está destinado a reflejar los rayos de luz (7) recogidos como seguidamente se expondrá.For its part, the mirror (5), called diffuser, will be located inside (2) and is intended to reflect light rays (7) collected as follows will be exposed.

Dichos dos espejos parabólicos (4) y (5) se encuentran situados a uno y otro lado del muro divisorio (3), con la convexidad enfrentada entre ellos, es decir mirando a la superficie de la correspondiente pared o muro (3), estando unidos por un tubo colector (8) que va alojado en un orificio realizado al efecto en ese muro (3), quedando de esta manera sujetos ambos espejos (4) y (5) por el tubo (8), que será un conducto cilíndrico de alta reflectancia y cuyos extremos incorporan sendas lentes (9) para impedir la entrada de polvo.These two parabolic mirrors (4) and (5) are located at either side of the partition wall (3), with convexity facing each other, that is, looking at the surface of the corresponding wall or wall (3), being joined by a tube manifold (8) that is housed in a hole made for this purpose in that wall (3), thus leaving both mirrors (4) and (5) by the tube (8), which will be a high cylindrical duct reflectance and whose ends incorporate two lenses (9) to prevent the entry of dust.

En correspondencia con el foco de cada uno de esos espejos parabólicos (4) y (5) se ha previsto un pequeño espejo parabólico (4') y (5'), respectivamente, el primero de ellos con su concavidad enfrentada a la concavidad del espejo receptor (4), denominándose a ese espejo (4') espejo colector, el cual puede estar materializado por una lente especular colectora, el cual recibe los rayos reflejados (6') en el espejo receptor (4), concentrándolos y reflejándolos a su vez hacia el conducto colector (8) anteriormente referido, con lo que los rayos pasan por dicho conducto y llegan al espejo (5'), denominado dispersor y que está situado en el foco del espejo interior (5), con las concavidades paralelas, de manera que en ese espejo interno o dispersor (5') los rayos (7) procedentes del espejo (4') y del conducto colector (8) se reflejan contra la concavidad del espejo difusor (5), el cual a su vez proyecta los rayos (7') paralelamente, produciendo la iluminación en el interior del habitáculo (2).In correspondence with the focus of each of those mirrors parabolic (4) and (5) a small parabolic mirror is planned (4 ') and (5'), respectively, the first one with its concavity facing the concavity of the receiving mirror (4), calling it that mirror (4 ') collecting mirror, which may be materialized by a specular collector lens, which receives the rays reflected (6 ') in the receiving mirror (4), concentrating them and reflecting them in turn towards the collecting duct (8) above referred, with which the rays pass through said conduit and arrive to the mirror (5 '), called disperser and which is located in the focus of the inner mirror (5), with parallel concavities, so that in that internal mirror or disperser (5 ') the rays (7) from the mirror (4 ') and the collecting duct (8) are reflected against the concavity of the diffuser mirror (5), which in turn projects the rays (7 ') in parallel, producing the lighting inside the cabin (2).

Evidentemente la lente especular colectora o la lente especular dispersora constitutiva de los espejos colector (4') o dispersor (5'), tendrían, en el primer caso la superficie cóncava reflectante y la convexa traslúcida o transparente, para permitir el paso de los rayos directos a su través hacia el conducto colector (8), mientras que en el segundo caso la convexidad de la lente especular dispersora sería la reflectante, y la superficie cóncava la traslúcida o transparente para llevar a cabo la reflexión o permitir el paso de la luz, respectivamente.Obviously the specular collector lens or the specular lens constitutive disperser of the collector mirrors (4 ') or disperser (5 '), would have, in the first case the concave surface reflective and convex translucent or transparent, to allow the passage of direct rays through it to the duct collector (8), while in the second case the convexity of the specular dispersing lens would be the reflective one, and the surface concave the translucent or transparent to carry out the reflection or allow the passage of light, respectively.

En definitiva, la funcionalidad de la luminaria es como sigue:In short, the functionality of the luminaire is like follow:

El espejo receptor (4) recoge los rayos de luz (6) y los concentra en su foco en el que está situado el espejo también parabólico y denominado colector (4'), de igual distancia focal que el espejo receptor (4), pero con la concavidad opuesta a éste, con lo que los rayos (6) incidentes en el espejo receptor (4) se reflejan sobre la concavidad del espejo colector (4'), concentrándose en el extremo del conducto colector (8), pasando a través de éste, con mayor o menor reflexión y alcanzando el espejo dispersor (5'), donde los rayos (7) se reflejan e inciden sobre la concavidad del espejo difusor (5), de forma dispersa, y emitiéndose la luz o rayos (7') reflejados por ese espejo (5') por el interior del habitáculo (2).The receiving mirror (4) collects the light rays (6) and the it concentrates on its focus on which the mirror is also located parabolic and called collector (4 '), of equal focal length that the receiving mirror (4), but with the opposite concavity to it, with what rays (6) incident on the receiving mirror (4) are reflect on the concavity of the collecting mirror (4 '), concentrating on the end of the collecting duct (8), passing to through it, with more or less reflection and reaching the mirror disperser (5 '), where the rays (7) are reflected and affect the Concavity of the diffuser mirror (5), dispersed, and emitting the light or rays (7 ') reflected by that mirror (5') inside of the passenger compartment (2).

Claims

1. Luminaire for direct transmission of sunlight, which is intended to allow interior lighting (2) of a cabin without windows or gaps in communication with the outside, and that cabin (2) being separated from the outside (1) by means of a partition, wall or similar (3), it is characterized in that it comprises two large parabolic mirrors (4) and (5) located on either side of the separating wall (3), with its opposite convexities, the mirror being (4 ) located outside and the mirror (5) located inside, and joined both by means of a tube or conduit (8) that crosses the wall (3); having provided that in the corresponding focus of both mirrors (4) and (5) two other mirrors (4 ') and (5') of small size are arranged, the first one with the concavity opposite to the concavity of the mirror (4 ), while the mirror (5 ') has its concavity parallel to the concavity of the mirror (5), determining that the sun's rays (6) that impact parallel to the outer mirror (4) affect the concavity of the mirror (4' ), concentrating said rays and being reflected towards the conduit or tube (8), passing through it and affecting the inner mirror (5 '), reflecting the corresponding rays (7) on the concavity of the mirror (5), the which reflects the rays (7 ') in parallel, producing interior or interior lighting (2).

2. Luminaire for direct transmission of sunlight, according to claim 1, characterized in that the parabolic mirror (4) arranged outside (1) is a mirror that receives the rays (6) to be transmitted, while the parabolic mirror (4 ') located in the focus of such a receiving mirror (4) is also parabolic and constitutes a collector of the rays (6') projected in the reflection of the rays (6) on the receiving mirror (4).

3. Luminaire for direct transmission of sunlight, according to claim 1, characterized in that the parabolic mirror (5) located inside constitutes a diffuser that reflects the light and reflected in turn by the parabolic and smaller mirror (5 '), located in the focus of said diffuser mirror (5), the minor mirror (5 ') constituting a scattering mirror of the rays (6') coming from the collecting mirror (4 ') and the tube or conduit (8).

4. Luminaire for direct transmission of sunlight, according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner surface of the tube or through conduit (8) and the junction of both receiving mirrors (4) and diffuser (5), is covered with high material reflection power, in order to minimize the absorption of light between the receiving mirror (4) and the emitting mirror (5).

5. Luminaire for direct transmission of sunlight, according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting mirror (4 ') has its concave face provided with a coating of very reflective material and its translucent convex face to allow light rays to pass through through and towards the collecting duct (8) and dispersing mirror (5 ').

6. Luminaire for direct transmission of sunlight, according to previous claims, characterized in that both the collecting mirror (4 ') and the dispersing mirror (5') are capable of being constituted by two specular lenses.

7. Luminaire for direct transmission of sunlight, according to previous claims, characterized in that the collector mirrors (4 ') and disperser (5') are related to the receiving mirrors (4) and diffuser (5) through braces or any other suitable means of securing said collector and disperser mirrors.

8. Luminaire for direct transmission of sunlight, according to previous claims, characterized in that the receiving mirror (4) is capable of being mounted statically, with movement and even adjustable, through manual or mechanical means to allow its orientation according to the orientation of the light rays (6).