EP4705003A1 - Use of an adsorbent composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed-loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems - Google Patents

Use of an adsorbent composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed-loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems

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Publication number
EP4705003A1
EP4705003A1 EP24727835.1A EP24727835A EP4705003A1 EP 4705003 A1 EP4705003 A1 EP 4705003A1 EP 24727835 A EP24727835 A EP 24727835A EP 4705003 A1 EP4705003 A1 EP 4705003A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite material
closed
loop
carbon dioxide
absorption
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP24727835.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antonio PRIMANTE
Diego MARAZZA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universita di Bologna
Original Assignee
Universita di Bologna
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universita di Bologna filed Critical Universita di Bologna
Publication of EP4705003A1 publication Critical patent/EP4705003A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0415—Beds in cartridges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/22—Carbon dioxide-absorbing devices ; Other means for removing carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B19/00—Cartridges with absorbing substances for respiratory apparatus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
    • B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/25—Coated, impregnated or composite adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B01J20/043—Carbonates or bicarbonates, e.g. limestone, dolomite, aragonite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Use of a composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed-loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems, wherein the composite material comprises a mineral matrix present in a concentration by weight of between 40% and 95% and a carbonaceous component present in a concentration by weight of between 5% and 60%.

Description

USE OF AN ADSORBENT COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR THE ABSORPTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN CLOSED-LOOP OR SEMI-CLOSED-LOOP BREATHING SYSTEMS Technical Field
The present invention relates to a novel use of an adsorbent composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed- loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems.
Background Art
It is specified that within the scope of this disclosure the term “closed-loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems” preferably relates to the use in re-breather appliances.
A re-breather is an environmentally independent breathing appliance, particularly known for use in scuba diving.
Such appliances, however, are also popular in special working environments such as mines, fire departments, where by emergency or need it is necessary to have a breathing air source with a high range and low weight.
These appliances can be either fully closed loop or semi-closed loop. Physiologically, the human body needs oxygen for metabolic functions, oxygen consumption, however, these functions are independent of depth even though the volume breathed increases as pressure increases.
This means that there is a variation in oxygen consumption only dependent on the work done.
Compared with such devices, breathing with a normal open loop (cylinder with regulator) is characterized by air composed of 79% nitrogen, 20.8% oxygen and a percentage of other gases (helium, neon, argon, carbon dioxide).
As a result, by breathing in an open loop, with each inhalation, the body puts a certain amount of oxygen into the lungs, which is greater than the physiological requirement and, with each exhalation, an amount of oxygen is lost that could be reused.
In detail, the re-breather, regardless of its principle of operation, recovers some or all of the exhaled gas that would otherwise be released into the environment, allowing a longer range for the same amount of transported gas.
In order to recover and reuse the exhaled gas, it is necessary to filter it from the carbon dioxide produced by metabolism; to do this, a filtering system is widely used, which contains soda lime, that is, a mixture of calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, which has the property of fixing the carbon dioxide that passes through it.
Therefore, such appliances are provided with a filter that contains a predetermined amount of the aforementioned mixture.
From a structural point of view, the re-breather has one or two lung bags, connected to the mouthpiece by means of large-section tubes through which the exhaled and inhaled gas passes.
Generally speaking, a soda lime filter is placed between the two bags.
The exhaled gas, while still containing some percentage of oxygen, must be mixed with new oxygen or new breathing mixture in order to be reused by the operator.
Going into the differences between semi-closed loop and closed loop rebreathers, it should be pointed out that the former are characterized by constant gas injection. When the latter are used in diving, this occurs independently of depth.
Closed-loop re-breathers, on the other hand, recreate the breathable mixture through the addition of oxygen.
In both cases, the use of soda lime is not without its drawbacks, including the fact that this material has complex difficulties in monitoring during use, implying risks caused by mechanical or system failures.
The difficulty in monitoring mainly stems from the difficulty that operators, in this case divers, have in keeping track of the time of any reactions and of the remaining reaction potential of soda lime.
The latter, in fact, rely on the ability of soda lime to neutralize the carbon dioxide in their exhaled gas when they are in inhospitable environments where, e.g., immediate return to the surface or to a favorable atmosphere is not always possible.
The resulting hypercapnia, due to excessive carbon dioxide, can cause unconsciousness or death in the environments where such workers work and the warning signs may be nonexistent or masked by mental and physical disturbances caused by other symptoms of high levels of carbon dioxide. In addition, it should be kept in mind that soda lime to catalyze the carbon dioxide neutralization reaction relies on very caustic sodium and potassium hydroxides. Consequently, combining the granular powder of the material with more water than is required for the reaction can result in significant injury.
This creates additional problems because filters require a minimum amount of humidity to function, but an uncontrolled amount of liquid within the same can cause soda lime that has not reacted to dissolve and create a caustic suspension. Ingestion or inhalation of this liquid, which has an estimated pH of 14, can cause severe bums to the mouth, throat and airways, as well as general breathing problems.
Moreover, in medical applications, soda lime has an additional risk.
The latter consists in the fact that, dried soda lime and subjected to a high flow of volatile organic gases, such as those used for anesthesia, produce large amounts of carbon monoxide.
This phenomenon does not occur in soda lime used at the correct humidity, nor does it occur with gases used in immersion, but it does signal the importance of maintaining the humidity of soda lime at appropriate levels to avoid substantial health risks to patients.
Description of the Invention
The main aim of the present invention is to devise a novel use of an adsorbent composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed-loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems which allows efficient absorption of carbon dioxide and of other volatile organic compounds produced by exhalation without incurring human health hazards.
Another object of the present invention is to devise a novel use of an adsorbent composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed-loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems which allows the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art to be overcome within the framework of a simple, rational, easy and efficient to use as well as cost-effective solution.
The aforementioned objects are achieved by this novel use of an adsorbent composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed-loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems having the characteristics of claim 1.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the description of a preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment relating to a novel use of an adsorbent composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed-loop or semi-closed- loop breathing systems, illustrated by way of an indicative, yet non-limiting example, in the accompanying tables of drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a representative graph of a carbon dioxide capture test conducted on the adsorbent material in accordance with this invention prepared (by calcination) with a muffle furnace (BCOF), on the adsorbent material in accordance with this invention prepared (by calcination) in a microwave oven (BCOMW), on charcoal obtained from biomass (char), on calcium oxides (CaO), on the commercial product (MatComm) based on soda lime which is composed of more than 75% calcium hydroxide and less than 4% sodium hydroxide;
Figure 2 shows the comparison of microscopic images between a calcium oxidebased substance compared with the composite material in accordance with this invention when obtained by muffle furnace and with the composite material in accordance with the present invention when obtained by microwave oven. Embodiments of the Invention
In a first aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed- loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems, wherein the composite material comprises a mineral matrix present in a concentration by weight of between 40% and 95% and a carbonaceous component present in a concentration by weight of between 5% and 60%.
Preferably, the composite material consists of a mineral matrix present in a concentration by weight of between 40% and 95% and of a carbonaceous component present in a concentration by weight of between 5% and 60%.
Advantageously, the concentration by weight of the mineral matrix, evaluated with respect to the total weight of the composite material, is of between 50% and 90% and the carbonaceous component is present in a concentration by weight, evaluated with respect to the total weight of the composite material of between 10% and 50%.
Preferably, the concentration by weight of the mineral matrix, evaluated with respect to the total weight of the composite material, is of between 60% and 80%, and the carbonaceous component is present in a concentration by weight, evaluated with respect to the total weight of the composite material, of between 20% and 40%.
In detail, the composite material in accordance with this invention is obtained by calcination starting from a mixture of one or more biogenic carbonate materials and/or one or more mineral materials.
Advantageously, the one or more biogenic carbonate materials comprise shells and the one or more mineral materials comprise: limestone, carbonates, clays or dolomite.
In more detail, such mineral materials comprise calcium carbonates, magnesium, and iron and manganese oxides.
This means that the composite material in accordance with this invention is obtained by thermo-chemical transformation of a pulverulent mixture of the mineral matrix and of the carbonaceous material having a particle size of less than 200 pm.
It is specified that within the scope of this disclosure, the terms “one or more biogenic materials” and “one or more mineral materials” relate to the presence in the mixture of one or more biogenic materials and/or one or more mineral materials either belonging to the same species and/or mineralogical type or belonging to different species and/or mineralogical types.
In addition, it is specified that within the scope of this disclosure the term “carbonaceous material” relates to any material obtained by means of thermochemical transformation processes such as, e.g., gasification, pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization.
Specifically, the term “carbonaceous material” relates indiscriminately to vegetal/biological derived carbons.
Preferably, the carbonaceous component is obtained by pyrolysis of one or more biomasses.
Advantageously, the aforementioned one or more biomasses are obtained from or are represented by agro-forestry by-products.
It is specified that in the context of this disclosure, the term “one or more biomasses” relates to both biomasses obtained or represented by a single agroforestry by-product and biomass obtained or represented by several agro-forestry by-products.
Such biomasses are represented e.g. by a portion of a plant.
Preferably, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, such biomasses are obtained from portions of dicotyledonous higher plants such as, e.g., vine pruning.
The input mixture comprises the mineral material present in a concentration by weight, evaluated with respect to the total weight of the mixture, greater than 50% and the carbonaceous material present in a concentration by weight, evaluated with respect to the total weight of the mixture, less than 50%.
Advantageously, the mineral material is in a powdery form with an average particle size of less than 150 pm and the carbonaceous material is in a powdery form with an average particle size of between 10 pm and 200 pm.
Preferably, the carbonaceous material has an average particle size of between 20 pm and 180 pm.
In detail, the composite material is obtained by means of a pyrolytic process that is non-oxidative thermal decomposition, i.e., without oxygen input, at a temperature of between 400-1000 °C. Preferably, the composite material is obtained by a pyrolytic process performed with a muffle furnace or a microwave oven at a temperature of between 400-900 °C.
In detail, the thermo-chemical transformation comprises a heating phase carried out at a temperature above 100°C with an increase up to a temperature above 700°C.
Advantageously, the heating phase comprises an isotherm at a temperature higher than 700 °C.
Preferably, the temperature is increased up to 900°C.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment, during thermo-chemical transformation the mixture is not moved.
It cannot however be ruled out from the scope of this disclosure that in the heating phase, i.e., during the thermo-chemical transformation of the mixture, a mixture movement step is provided.
This is done by means of a movement device, such as e.g. an auger housed within a heated and insulated duct.
The mixture, being moved by an auger, is displaced within the duct and simultaneously heated.
In detail, through thermo-chemical transformation, calcination of one or more carbonate materials is obtained. In this way, the calcination products interact and settle on the carbonaceous component.
In addition, the heating phase comprises a carbon dioxide production step intended to interact with the carbonaceous component.
Next, the process comprises a granulation phase of the composite material.
In more detail, the composite material obtained is in the powdery or granular form having an average particle size of between 10 pm and 4 mm.
Preferably, the aforementioned composite material has an average particle size of between 20 pm and 3 mm.
In a second aspect, the present invention relates to an absorbent cartridge for rebreather devices comprising the composite material described above having a particle size of between 10-200 pm. Finally, in a further aspect, the present invention relates to a method for the absorption of carbon dioxide in closed-loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems, particularly in re-breather devices, comprising at least one phase of bringing the absorbent cartridge into contact with a stream of exhaled gases comprising carbon dioxide and a plurality of volatile organic compounds.
In the present case, this method comprises a phase of adsorption of carbon dioxide and of the volatile organic compounds onto the absorbent cartridge.
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
The function of the composite material in accordance with the present invention is to absorb carbon dioxide in closed-loop and/or semi-closed-loop breathing systems used in different fields such as diving, medical, fire-fighting devices.
In addition to carbon dioxide removal, the aforementioned composite material produced has the advantage of removing through carbonaceous material also unwanted volatile organic substances.
Preliminary tests were carried out to verify the functionality of the composite material in accordance with the present invention by means of carbon dioxide capture tests comparing the performance of composite materials with their respective constituent materials and with a commercial product.
The different types of tested materials were prepared, weighed and placed in a gas- and water-permeable cartridge.
The cartridge containing the tested material was placed in a sealed pneumatic device filled with pure carbon dioxide at a volume of 60 ml at atmospheric pressure and temperature of 25°C.
Carbon dioxide absorption is measured as volume reduction at regular time intervals shown in the graph in Figure 1. Each measurement was replicated at least three times.
The graph in Figure 1 shows the effect of carbon dioxide removal for the tested substances: reduction in carbon dioxide volume over time compared to the initial time (left of the graph) up to 60 minutes after the start of experimentation at the indicated time intervals.
From observation of the graph, it is clear that the composite material obtained by calcination in the microwave oven (BCOMW) has the best performance in terms of carbon dioxide absorption rate; this unexpected technical effect is due to the calcium oxide particle formation process and increased porosity, which are influenced by the synergistic presence of carbonaceous material and microwave heating. In detail, with reference to Figure 2, the differences can be observed in pore structure and texture of a calcium oxide-based substance compared with the composite material in accordance with the present invention when obtained by muffle furnace and with the composite material in accordance with the present invention when obtained by microwave oven.
In fact, at the resolution of 1pm and 200 nm, the surface characterization of the three different materials progressively shows excavated and fixated surfaces according to ordered structures. This observation is matched by absorption measurements made with a physisorption meter, an appliance that applies the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) equation.
These measurements show an order of magnitude increase from the calcium oxide-based material compared to the composite materials in accordance with the present invention and a significantly higher specific surface area for the composite material obtained by microwave oven.
In addition, it should be emphasized that the composite material in accordance with this invention (BCOMW) produced through microwaves is significantly higher in performance than that produced by the muffle furnace (BC0F).
Furthermore, although the absorption of carbon dioxide alone implemented by the composite material in accordance with this invention (BCOMW) produced through microwaves and by the tested commercial material is comparable, it is useful to point out that the presence of carbonaceous material in a concentration by weight of between 10 and 50 wt% allows for considerable absorption of other volatile organic compounds present in the exhaled air.
It has in practice been ascertained that the described invention achieves the intended objects.
It is emphasized that the special expedient of providing for the use of a composite material consisting of a mineral matrix and of a carbonaceous component enables effective absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic components in closed- loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems.

Claims

1) Use of a composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed-loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems, wherein the composite material comprises a mineral matrix present in a concentration by weight of between 40% and 95% and a carbonaceous component present in a concentration by weight of between 5% and 60%.
2) Use according to claim 1, wherein said mineral matrix is obtained by means of calcination and one or more biogenic carbonate materials and/or one or more mineral materials.
3) Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said one or more biogenic carbonate materials comprise shells and said one or more mineral materials comprise limestone, carbonates, clays or dolomite.
4) Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said one or more mineral materials comprise calcium carbonates, magnesium and manganese and iron oxides.
5) Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said carbonaceous component is obtained by pyrolysis of one or more biomasses.
6) Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said composite material is obtained by thermo-chemical transformation of a pulverulent mixture of said mineral matrix and of said carbonaceous material having a particle size of less than 200 pm.
7) Use of the composite material according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said thermo-chemical transformation is carried out at a temperature above 700°C.
8) Use of the composite material according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said carbonaceous material is present in a concentration by weight of between 10% and 50%.
9) Use of the composite material according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said carbonaceous component is present in a concentration by weight of between 20% and 40%.
10) Absorbent cartridge for re-breather devices comprising said composite material according to one or more of the preceding claims, having a particle size of between 10-200 pm.
11) Method for the absorption of carbon dioxide in closed-loop or semi-closed- loop breathing systems, particularly in re-breather devices, characterized by the fact that it comprises the phase of bringing said absorbent cartridge according to claim 10 into contact with a stream of exhaled gases comprising carbon dioxide and a plurality of volatile organic compounds.
EP24727835.1A 2023-05-03 2024-05-03 Use of an adsorbent composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed-loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems Pending EP4705003A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102023000008769A IT202300008769A1 (en) 2023-05-03 2023-05-03 USE OF A COMPOSITE ADSORBENT MATERIAL FOR THE ABSORPTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN CLOSED OR SEMI-CLOSED CIRCUIT BREATHING SYSTEMS
PCT/IB2024/054293 WO2024228158A1 (en) 2023-05-03 2024-05-03 Use of an adsorbent composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed-loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems

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EP4705003A1 true EP4705003A1 (en) 2026-03-11

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EP24727835.1A Pending EP4705003A1 (en) 2023-05-03 2024-05-03 Use of an adsorbent composite material for the absorption of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds in closed-loop or semi-closed-loop breathing systems

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EP (1) EP4705003A1 (en)
IT (1) IT202300008769A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2024228158A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4566395B2 (en) * 2000-11-29 2010-10-20 圭子 近藤 Porous fired product
WO2016065357A1 (en) * 2014-10-24 2016-04-28 Biogenic Reagent Ventures, Llc Halogenated activated carbon compositions and methods of making and using same
CN206853461U (en) * 2017-02-28 2018-01-09 西南石油大学 Air interchanger inside a kind of portable vehicle

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WO2024228158A1 (en) 2024-11-07

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