EP4673271A1 - Procede de fabrication d'une piece en alliage de metal precieux - Google Patents
Procede de fabrication d'une piece en alliage de metal precieuxInfo
- Publication number
- EP4673271A1 EP4673271A1 EP24707058.4A EP24707058A EP4673271A1 EP 4673271 A1 EP4673271 A1 EP 4673271A1 EP 24707058 A EP24707058 A EP 24707058A EP 4673271 A1 EP4673271 A1 EP 4673271A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- carried out
- temperature
- gold
- alloys
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
- B22F3/1021—Removal of binder or filler
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
- B22F3/225—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip by injection molding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0466—Alloys based on noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
- C22C5/08—Alloys based on silver with copper as the next major constituent
Definitions
- Some processes involve the formation of intermediate parts called a green body and a brown body, as well as a sintering step, in the following steps: formation of a green part from metal particles and a binder, formation of a brown part by heat treatment of the green part, sintering of the brown part.
- the presence of the binder makes it possible in particular to improve the formation of the green part and/or the brown part by agglomerating the metal particles together. This binder is eliminated during a debinding step.
- silver alloys containing at least 900% by weight of silver, and 10 to 100% by weight of copper; the quantity of silver and copper not exceeding 1000%,
- Any process for forming the mixture between the metal powder and the binder can be used.
- the shaping is advantageously carried out at a temperature between 20 and 300°C, more advantageously between 50 and 150°C.
- the shaping can be carried out at room temperature (generally between 18 and 25°C).
- step (b) the binder is thermally or chemically removed while the copper in the alloy particles is oxidized, forming a layer of copper oxide.
- copper is not oxidized inside the particles; it is only oxidized on the surface of the particles.
- the formation of a layer of copper oxide (CuO and/or CU2O) around the alloy particles increases the mechanical strength of the brown part and therefore makes the part handleable after the binder is removed. More specifically, the copper oxide creates bridges between the different particles, thus improving mechanical cohesion by forming a continuous network in the brown part.
- the debinding and oxidation of the green part are advantageously carried out simultaneously, preferably in an oven, preferably an oven exposed to air.
- debinding can be carried out thermally or chemically (for example using a solvent which dissolves the binder).
- step (b) The debinding and oxidation of step (b) are advantageously carried out simultaneously, under oxygen, advantageously for 20 to 720 minutes, more advantageously between 80 and 720 minutes, even more advantageously 120 to 360 minutes.
- debinding When debinding is carried out in the absence of an oxidant such as oxygen (no simultaneous oxidation), it is advantageously carried out after oxidation. In this case, its duration is also advantageously between 20 and 720 minutes, more advantageously between 80 and 720 minutes, even more advantageously between 120 and 360 minutes.
- thermal debinding is carried out at a temperature between 300 and 800°C, more advantageously 500 to 700°C.
- Debinding can in particular be carried out between 500 and 800°C.
- the person skilled in the art will adapt the temperature according to the nature of the metal powder.
- Thermal debinding can be carried out in an oven exposed to air. Thermal debinding is advantageously carried out according to the following sequence: placing the green part in the presence of oxygen, for example in an oven in air, at temperature Tl (generally between 18 and 25 °C), increasing the temperature Tl until reaching a temperature T2 of between 200 and 500 °C (advantageously 400 °C), preferably following a temperature rise of 0.5 to 20 °C/minute, advantageously of 1 to 5 °C/min, for example 2 °C/min, optionally, maintaining the part at temperature T2 advantageously for 10 to 240 minutes, more advantageously for 30 to 120 minutes, for example 60 minutes, where appropriate, increasing the temperature T2 until reaching a temperature T3 of between 300 and 800 °C (advantageously 500 to 65 ... 20°C/minute, advantageously from 1 to 5°C/min, for example 2°C/min, maintaining the part at a temperature between 300 and 800°C (advantageously 500 to 650°C), advantageously for 10 to 360
- the optional step of maintaining the part at temperature T2 can optimize debinding by gradually releasing the binder.
- Thermal debinding in the presence of oxygen also makes it possible to optimize the formation of a layer of copper oxide around the alloy particles, without altering the elimination of the binder.
- the alloy particles thus treated can have an oxidized copper content of the order of 30 to 210% (by weight) depending on the initial composition of the alloy.
- Thermal debinding is advantageously followed by cooling of the part, for example until reaching room temperature (generally between 18 and 25°C).
- Chemical debinding can be carried out at a temperature of at least 20°C, advantageously at least 25°C.
- chemical debinding can be associated with a prior or simultaneous or subsequent heat treatment.
- Chemical debinding can be carried out by bringing the green part into contact with a binder solvent (crosslinked or not), for example an organic solvent.
- a heat treatment can be implemented to optimize debinding and possibly carry out oxidation simultaneously.
- Chemical debinding can be carried out in the presence of an oxidant.
- debinding and oxidation step (b) is carried out at a temperature which allows the copper to be oxidized in the presence of oxygen, but lower than the sintering temperature of step (e).
- the brown part has mechanical and hardness properties that allow it to be handled and machined using conventional machining methods, such as CF AO (computer-aided design and manufacturing), but also vibratory finishing or grinding.
- CF AO computer-aided design and manufacturing
- Step (c) consists of deoxidizing the brown part under a reducing atmosphere, for example a reducing gas, advantageously in the presence of hydrogen (for example a mixture of hydrogen and inert gas such as argon or nitrogen), more advantageously under hydrogen.
- a reducing atmosphere for example a reducing gas, advantageously in the presence of hydrogen (for example a mixture of hydrogen and inert gas such as argon or nitrogen), more advantageously under hydrogen.
- the deoxidation of the brown part under a reducing atmosphere is advantageously carried out at a temperature (Tdes) between 200 and 700 °C, advantageously between 400 and 700 °C.
- the deoxidation can in particular be carried out between 350 and 700 °C.
- Deoxidation allows the copper oxide to be reduced (chemically) to copper with an oxidation state of 0, by removing oxygen from the brown part.
- deoxidation corresponds to the formation of Cu (0) by reduction of the oxides (CuO and/or CU2O) formed during step (b).
- This step limits, or even eliminates, undesirable effects such as the alteration of mechanical properties after sintering that could result from the presence of copper oxide.
- Step (c) is advantageously carried out in an enclosure in which the sintering step (d) can also be carried out, for example a furnace.
- Sintering of the debinded brown part can be carried out under a reducing atmosphere.
- Sintering can be carried out in a mixture of reducing gas and inert gas or under an inert atmosphere (advantageously argon or nitrogen).
- the sintering of step (d) is carried out in a furnace, preferably in a furnace in which the deoxidation of step (c) has been previously carried out.
- the deoxidation of step (c) and the sintering of step (d) are carried out, successively, in a furnace.
- Tfn a temperature between:
- the debinded brown part is sintered for a period advantageously between 20 minutes and 500 minutes, preferably between 20 minutes and 300 minutes, more advantageously between 30 and 180 minutes, for example between 30 and 170 minutes.
- the method according to the invention may include an optional step of hot isostatic compaction of the sintered part.
- This step (e) is preferably carried out in an isostatic press comprising an enclosure which can be heated and pressurized.
- Hot isostatic compaction is carried out at a temperature advantageously between 700 and 850°C.
- Hot isostatic compaction is advantageously carried out under inert gas pressure (preferably nitrogen or argon), preferably by subjecting the sintered part to a pressure of between 10 8 and 2.10 8 Pa.
- inert gas pressure preferably nitrogen or argon
- the sintered part is subjected to hot isostatic compaction for a period of between 20 and 60 minutes.
- hot isostatic compaction can be carried out at a temperature between 700°C and 850°C, for a duration between 20 and 60 minutes, under an argon pressure between 10 8 and 2.10 8 Pa.
- This step also improves the mechanical properties and hardness of the part, in particular by reducing the porosity of the part and therefore increasing its density.
- the part has a density greater than 99%, preferably 99.5%, even more preferably 99.9%.
- This step also helps improve the machinability of the part.
- the metal part resulting from sintering step (e) can be used without further treatment. It can also be machined using conventional machining methods, such as turning, milling, drilling, boring, or using laser machining methods. . . It can also be subjected to a finishing step, such as polishing.
- Step (e) may in particular include at least one post-treatment such as tribofinishing, sandblasting, machining or pre-machining. . .
- at least one post-treatment such as tribofinishing, sandblasting, machining or pre-machining. . .
- the metal part produced by the process according to the invention can be used in many fields.
- the present invention makes it possible to form a metal part whose properties allow it to be used in many fields and, more particularly, in the luxury industry.
- the present invention also relates to an article comprising this metal part or consisting of it. It may in particular be a timepiece, a jewelry item, a leather goods item or a writing item.
- a watchmaking article includes watch cases, crowns, pushers, dials, metal watch bracelets, clasps, mechanical parts of a watch movement (oscillating weight, balance, plate, bridge, etc.)...
- Jewelry items include items of jewelry (necklaces, pendants, chains, rings, earrings, bracelets, brooches, tiaras and other jewelry), but also ornaments, such as fashion accessories (cufflinks, money clips, hair clips, etc.).
- leather goods we mean in particular metal objects such as belt buckles, handbag clasps, etc.
- Writing articles include pens, letter openers, etc.
- Parts were prepared according to steps (a) to (e) of the method which is the subject of the invention. These parts are in the form of pellets having the following dimensions: 6 mm in height and 4 mm in diameter.
- Carbon rate measurements were carried out on the parts, on a HORIBA emia-320V2 machine. These measurements were carried out before (GB) and after (BB) the debinding and oxidation step (b) (475°C in air).
- Table 1 summarizes the measured carbon content (ppm by weight relative to the weight of the part) for several samples of identical parts prepared from the Au75oAg4sCu2O5 alloy, from the Aquafuse® binder marketed by the ExOne company.
- step (b) debinding + oxidation due to the organic nature of the binder used.
- the carbon content is relatively low.
- the protocol is as follows:
- Compression plates with a diameter of 150 mm (hardened and chrome-plated stainless steel)
- Table 2 summarizes the compressive stress values obtained before (green part) and after debinding under oxygen at 580°C (examples 1 to 7).
- Table 2 also summarizes the compressive stress values obtained after debinding under argon at 580°C (comparative examples 8 to 11).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23158821.1A EP4420809A1 (fr) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | Procede de fabrication d'une piece en alliage de metal precieux |
| PCT/EP2024/054843 WO2024180007A1 (fr) | 2023-02-27 | 2024-02-26 | Procede de fabrication d'une piece en alliage de metal precieux |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4673271A1 true EP4673271A1 (fr) | 2026-01-07 |
Family
ID=85384377
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23158821.1A Withdrawn EP4420809A1 (fr) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | Procede de fabrication d'une piece en alliage de metal precieux |
| EP24707058.4A Pending EP4673271A1 (fr) | 2023-02-27 | 2024-02-26 | Procede de fabrication d'une piece en alliage de metal precieux |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23158821.1A Withdrawn EP4420809A1 (fr) | 2023-02-27 | 2023-02-27 | Procede de fabrication d'une piece en alliage de metal precieux |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP4420809A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024180007A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH715619B1 (fr) | 2018-12-07 | 2020-12-15 | Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd | Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce en alliage d'un métal précieux avec du bore, procédé de fabrication d'un tel alliage et alliage d'or et de bore 18 carats. |
| US12085897B2 (en) | 2019-07-22 | 2024-09-10 | Fossil Group, Inc. | Subtractive manufacturing of an oversized MIM blank |
| US12257623B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2025-03-25 | Desktop Metal, Inc. | Additive manufacturing techniques using noble metals and/or copper metal and related methods and compositions |
-
2023
- 2023-02-27 EP EP23158821.1A patent/EP4420809A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2024
- 2024-02-26 WO PCT/EP2024/054843 patent/WO2024180007A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2024-02-26 EP EP24707058.4A patent/EP4673271A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4420809A1 (fr) | 2024-08-28 |
| WO2024180007A1 (fr) | 2024-09-06 |
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