EP4670225A1 - BATTERY THERMAL INSULATION PAD AND BATTERY PRODUCT WITH IT - Google Patents

BATTERY THERMAL INSULATION PAD AND BATTERY PRODUCT WITH IT

Info

Publication number
EP4670225A1
EP4670225A1 EP24703920.9A EP24703920A EP4670225A1 EP 4670225 A1 EP4670225 A1 EP 4670225A1 EP 24703920 A EP24703920 A EP 24703920A EP 4670225 A1 EP4670225 A1 EP 4670225A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermal insulation
insulation pad
battery
battery thermal
base material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP24703920.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Yi Qing HU
Ming SHAO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP4670225A1 publication Critical patent/EP4670225A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of batteries. More specifically, the present invention relates to a battery thermal insulation pad for battery products, and a battery product including the battery thermal insulation pad.
  • a thermal insulation pad prepared by depositing aerogel on a fibre mat.
  • the process for preparing this aerogel thermal insulation pad is very complicated.
  • the battery cells may expand and contract during the charging and discharging process, and the fibre mat of this thermal insulation pad cannot adapt to the deformation of this battery cell unit.
  • a frame having elasticity may be disposed on the edge of the thermal insulation pad to absorb this deformation, this will lead to additional process and material costs, and the solution cannot completely solve the above- mentioned deformation problem, because the deformation pressure mainly comes from the centre parts of the battery cells.
  • a battery thermal insulation pad characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad comprises: at least one elastic functional layer (10) comprising an organic base material and a first filler, the first filler comprising at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof; and at least one fibrous support layer (20) comprising a fibrous base material with gaps; wherein the elastic functional layer (10) at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base material.
  • the elastic functional layer (10) at least partially penetrates the fibrous support layer (20) through the gaps of the fibrous base material.
  • the fibrous support layer (20) further comprises a second filler, and the second filler comprises at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof.
  • the fibrous support layer (20) further comprises an organic carrier, and the second filler is evenly dispersed in the gaps of the fibrous base material by being mixed into the organic carrier.
  • the fibrous base material comprises at least one of glass fibre, carbon fibre, pre-oxidized fibre, basalt fibre or ceramic fibre, and combinations thereof.
  • the fibrous support layer (20) has a thickness of 0.2 mm to 5 mm, and the fibrous support layer has a density of 100 g/m 2 to 800 g/m 2 .
  • the fibrous support layer has a thermal conductivity of 0.02 W/(m K) to 0.08 W/(m K).
  • the organic base material comprises at least one of polyurethane, silicone rubber, polyethylene, or polyvinyl chloride, and combinations thereof.
  • the organic base material is polyurethane with a density of 0.05 g/m 2 to 1 g/m 2 .
  • the thermal insulation pad has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 10 mm, and the thermal insulation pad has a density of 0.3 g/ml to 1.8 g/ml.
  • the battery thermal insulation pad comprises two fibrous support layers and one elastic functional layer, the elastic functional layer is located between the two fibrous support layers, and the elastic functional layer at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base materials of the two fibrous support layers.
  • the elastic functional layer at least partially penetrates at least one of the two fibrous support layers through the gaps of the fibrous base material.
  • the battery thermal insulation pad is in the shape of an arc, and the arc measure is from 90 degrees to 180 degrees.
  • a surface of the battery thermal insulation pad has adhesiveness.
  • the present invention provides a battery product comprising two or more battery cell units and a battery thermal insulation pad according to the first aspect described above, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad is located between adjacent battery cell units.
  • the battery cell unit comprises at least one of a cylindrical battery cell, a square battery cell, or a soft-packed battery cell, and combinations thereof.
  • the composite material of the present invention has a simple preparation process and excellent thermal insulation performance, and has certain elasticity, so that the pressure caused by deformation of surrounding components can be absorbed, and the safety factor of battery products can be significantly improved.
  • Fig. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal insulation pad according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 B is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal insulation pad according to some other embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal insulation pad according to some other embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3A is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal insulation pad according to some other embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3B is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal insulation pad according to some other embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4A is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery product according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4B is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery product according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal insulation pad according to some other embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery product according to some other embodiments of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a battery thermal insulation pad 100, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad includes: at least one elastic functional layer (10) including an organic base material and a first filler, the first filler including at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof; and at least one fibrous support layer (20) including a fibrous base material with gaps; wherein the elastic functional layer (10) is at least partially filled in the gaps of the fibrous base material.
  • the battery thermal insulation pad 100 can absorb the deformation pressure generated by battery elements (such as battery cell units).
  • the elastic functional layer (10) further includes a first filler, the first filler including at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof.
  • the first filler is a heat-absorbing filler.
  • the first filler is a thermal insulation filler.
  • the first filler is the heat-absorbing filler and the thermal insulation filler.
  • other fillers may also be included.
  • this enables the battery thermal insulation pad to: 1) absorb the heat generated by adjacent battery cell units, thereby helping to reduce the risk of further thermal runaway of battery elements; and/or 2) have an improved thermal insulation ability so that the spread of high temperature generated by a single battery element to the surroundings can be reduced, thereby forming a thermal insulation barrier.
  • the battery thermal insulation pad further includes at least one fibrous support layer (20), which includes a fibrous base material with gaps. Due to the porous nature of the fibrous base material itself, the thermal conductivity of the material is reduced to a very low level, so the fibrous base material has good thermal insulation performance. By providing at least one fibrous support layer (20), the thermal insulation performance of the battery thermal insulation pad can be further improved.
  • the organic base material has certain mechanical strength, so that the battery thermal insulation pad (100) can provide certain mechanical support for the battery elements to protect the battery elements from being damaged when impacted or squeezed by the outside world.
  • the above-mentioned organic base material may be decomposed.
  • the fibrous base material as an inorganic porous material, not only has low thermal conductivity itself, but also has excellent fire resistance. This ensures that the battery thermal insulation pad maintains its structural integrity after experiencing high-temperature fire and can thus continue to provide some mechanical support for the battery elements.
  • the fibrous base material is sintered at high temperatures into a thermally stable ceramic structure (i.e. , ceramisation).
  • a thermally stable ceramic structure i.e. , ceramisation
  • the battery cell produces a large amount of gas, causing the battery cell to bulge, which applies a battery cell pressure of, for example, 0.3 to 1 MPa to adjacent battery thermal insulation pads.
  • the fibrous support layer according to the present invention can withstand such pressure at high temperatures without being crushed, thereby avoiding a significant decrease in its thermal insulation properties.
  • the elastic functional layer (10) according to the present invention at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base material.
  • the organic base material and the first filler in the elastic functional layer can enter these gaps by means of penetration and/or foaming to cover the fibrous base material, so that an inter-penetrating network structure is formed between the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer. Therefore, the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer can be combined and fixed well without the use of additional adhesives or tapes.
  • the elastic functional layer (10) at least partially penetrates the fibrous support layer (20) through the gaps of the fibrous base material.
  • the organic base material and the first filler in the elastic functional layer can penetrate the gaps of the fibrous base material by means of penetration and/or foaming to reach the other side of the fibrous support layer. Since organic base materials usually have a certain degree of adhesiveness, two sides of the battery thermal insulation pad 100 ' have a certain degree of self-adhesiveness, which is particularly advantageous during use and allows the battery thermal insulation pad to be easily fixed between the battery elements.
  • the fibrous support layer (20) further includes a second filler, the second filler including at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof.
  • the heat-absorbing filler and/or the thermal insulation filler in the second filler may be the same as or different from the heat-absorbing filler and/or the thermal insulation filler in the first filler.
  • the fibrous support layer including the heat-absorbing filler and/or the thermal insulation filler may further enhance the heat-absorbing and/or heatinsulating effects of the battery thermal insulation pad. Especially when local thermal runaway occurs, since the battery thermal insulation pad can still maintain structural integrity after experiencing high-temperature fire, the fillers dispersed therein can continue to function as a heat absorber and/or thermal insulator.
  • the heat-absorbing filler and/or the thermal insulation filler may for example be uniformly mixed into the fibrous base material by means of spraying or the like.
  • the heat-absorbing filler and/or the thermal insulation filler is premixed in an organic carrier and then applied to the fibrous base material.
  • Suitable organic carriers include, but are not limited to, various resin systems that can form films, such as polyurethane, polyester, acrylic, epoxy resin, etc. It will be understood that key components forming the resin system are also suitable for use as the above-mentioned organic carriers, such as polyols.
  • the organic base material in the elastic functional layer is polyurethane prepared from a polyol and diisocyanate
  • the fibrous base material may be selected from materials known in the art.
  • a suitable fibrous base material may be selected from one or more of glass fibre, carbon fibre, pre-oxidized fibre (carbon fibre precursor), basalt fibre and ceramic fibre, wherein glass fibre, such as continuous glass fibre or glass fibre mat (fibreglass felt), is preferable.
  • the fibrous support layer has a thickness of 0.2 mm to 5 mm, for example, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4mm and 5mm.
  • the fibrous support layer has an area density of 100 g/m 2 to 800 g/m2, for example, 100 g/m 2 , 200 g/m 2 , 300 g/m 2 , 400 g/m 2 , 500 g/m 2 , 600 g/m 2 , 700 g/m 2 , and 800 g/m 2 , wherein 200 g/m 2 to 600 g/m 2 is preferable.
  • the fibrous support layer of the present invention has low thermal conductivity.
  • its thermal conductivity is 0.02 to 0.08 W/(m K), wherein 0.02 to 0.04 W/mk is preferable.
  • the thermal conductivity of a material can be determined by a method known in the art. In the present invention, the above thermal conductivity value is measured at a temperature of about 25°C according to the ASTM C518 standard.
  • the organic base material suitable for the elastic functional layer is selected from one or more of polyurethane, silicone rubber, polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride.
  • the organic base material is polyurethane semi-rigid foam, wherein the more preferred density of polyurethane is 0.05 g/m 2 to 1 g/m 2 , preferably 0.05 g/m 2 to 0.3 g/m 2 ).
  • These organic base materials have good elasticity, so that the battery thermal insulation pad can absorb the pressure generated by the deformation of the battery cell units.
  • the organic base material may also be mixed with other organic base materials such as epoxy resin, polyacrylate, polypropylene, polyimide, etc.
  • a material known in the art may be selected as each of the heat-absorbing fillers and thermal insulation fillers suitable for the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer.
  • suitable heat-absorbing fillers include magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, green vitriol, alum, dolomite, etc.
  • Suitable thermal insulation fillers include aerogels, titanium dioxide, fumed silica, etc.
  • the inventors of the present invention found that by setting the thickness of the battery thermal insulation pad to 0.5 mm to 10 mm, such as 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm and 10 mm, the battery thermal insulation pad according to the present invention has the advantages of both satisfactory thermal insulation effect and light weight.
  • the battery thermal insulation pad according to the present invention has a density of 0.3 g/ml to 1.8 g/ml, such as 0.3 g/ml, 0.4 g/ml, 0.5 g/ml, 0.6 g/ml, 0.7 g/ml, 0.8 g /ml, 0.9 g/ml, 1.0 g/ml, 1.5 g/ml, or 1.8 g/ml, wherein 0.4 to 0.8 g/ml is preferable.
  • a battery thermal insulation pad may be obtained by spraying or blade-coating an organic base material (which has been mixed with a heat-absorbing filler and/or a thermal insulation filler) on one or two sides of a fibrous base material (e.g., fibreglass mat, which has optionally been mixed with a heat-absorbing filler and/or a thermal insulation filler), and then performing solidification and integral moulding by means of a mould.
  • an organic base material which has been mixed with a heat-absorbing filler and/or a thermal insulation filler
  • a fibrous base material e.g., fibreglass mat, which has optionally been mixed with a heat-absorbing filler and/or a thermal insulation filler
  • the battery thermal insulation pad may be formed into a desired shape and structure by means of cutting, hot pressing or other treatments as needed. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can select appropriate construction methods according to specific application scenarios. In summary, the battery thermal insulation pad according to the present invention has a simple preparation process.
  • the battery thermal insulation pad 200 includes one fibrous support layer (20) and two elastic functional layers (10 and 10'), the fibrous support layer is located between the two elastic functional layers, and the elastic functional layer at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base material.
  • the fibrous base material has gaps
  • the organic base material and the first filler in the elastic functional layer can enter these gaps to cover the fibrous base material, so that an inter-penetrating network structure is formed between the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer. Therefore, the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer can be well combined and fixed without the use of additional adhesives or tapes.
  • the fibrous support layer, the elastic functional layer, and the fillers suitable for the above-mentioned battery thermal insulation pad 100 are all suitable for the battery thermal insulation pad 200, and will not be described again here.
  • the battery thermal insulation pad 200 may be prepared by the following steps: step 1) first spraying/blade-coating a raw material (which has been mixed with the first filler) of an organic base material (such as polyurethane) on two sides of the fibrous base material (which has optionally been mixed with the second filler); and step 2) placing the composite material obtained in step 1) into a mould to be integrally moulded, thereby obtaining the battery thermal insulation pad 200.
  • the battery thermal insulation pad 300 includes two fibrous support layers (20 and 20') and one elastic functional layer (10), the elastic functional layer is located between the two fibrous support layers, and the elastic functional layer (10) at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base material.
  • the two fibrous support layers can further enhance the mechanical strength and thermal insulation performance of the battery thermal insulation pad.
  • the elastic functional layer (10) at least partially penetrates at least one of the two fibrous support layers (20 and 20') through the gaps of the fibrous base material.
  • the organic base material and the first filler in the elastic functional layer can pass through the gaps of the two layers of fibrous base material to separately reach the other side of the two fibrous support layers. Since organic base materials usually have a certain degree of adhesiveness, two sides of the battery thermal insulation pad 300' have a certain degree of self-adhesiveness, which is particularly advantageous during use and allows the battery thermal insulation pad to be easily fixed between battery elements.
  • the organic base material and the first filler in the elastic functional layer may also reach the other side of one of the fibrous support layers (e.g., 20) through the gaps of the fibrous base material, and partially fill the gaps of the other fibrous support layer (e.g. 20').
  • the fibrous support layer, the elastic functional layer and the fillers suitable for the battery thermal insulation pad 100 are all suitable for the battery thermal insulation pad 300, and will not be described again here.
  • the battery thermal insulation pad 300 may be prepared by the following steps: step 1) first spraying a raw material (which has been mixed with the first filler) of an organic base material (such as polyurethane) on one side of a first layer of fibrous base material 20 (which has optionally been mixed with the second filler); step 2) placing a second layer of fibrous base material 20' (which has optionally been mixed with the second filler) on the surface of the organic base material that is remote from the first layer of fibrous base material 20; and step 3) placing the composite material obtained in step 2) in a mould to be integrally moulded, thereby obtaining the battery thermal insulation pad 300.
  • step 1) first spraying a raw material (which has been mixed with the first filler) of an organic base material (such as polyurethane) on one side of a first layer of fibrous base material 20 (which has optional
  • the preparation steps of the battery thermal insulation pad 300' are substantially the same as those of the battery thermal insulation pad 300.
  • Appropriately increasing the amount of the raw material of the organic base material enables the organic base material and the first filler to reach the other side of the fibrous support layer through the gaps of the fibrous base material.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments and drawings are only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can appropriately adjust the combination order and/or quantity of materials without departing from the spirit of the present invention. That is to say, those skilled in the art can appropriately adjust the number and positions of the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer according to specific needs. It should also be understood that additional layers of material can be added by those skilled in the art.
  • the battery thermal insulation pad according to the present invention may be used in battery products, for example, disposed between battery cell units (C). Therefore, in a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery product including two or more battery cell units and the battery thermal insulation pad described above, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad is located between adjacent battery cell units.
  • the battery cell unit includes at least one of a cylindrical battery cell, a square battery cell, or a soft-packed battery cell, and combinations thereof.
  • the battery thermal insulation pad according to the present invention has certain elasticity, and can thus absorb the pressure caused by the deformation of surrounding components. Secondly, it also has excellent thermal insulation performance. Therefore, when thermal runaway occurs in adjacent battery cell units, the spread of high temperature to the outside can be prevented.
  • the square battery cell units in Figs. 4A and 4B are only schematic, and the battery cell units may also be in other shapes.
  • those skilled in the art can mould the battery thermal insulation pad into various shapes according to the shape and structure of the battery cell units.
  • the battery thermal insulation pad 400 according to the present invention is in the shape of an arc, and the arc measure (i.e. , a angle) may be 90 to 180 degrees, such as 90 degrees, 100 degrees, 110 degrees, 120 degrees, 130 degrees, 140 degrees, 150 degrees, 160 degrees, 170 degrees, and 180 degrees.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view showing a battery cell unit covered by a battery thermal insulation pad.
  • a battery thermal insulation pad 400 with a certain arc measure can be used for a circular battery cell unit.
  • two battery thermal insulation pads with an arc measure of 180° may be used to cover a circular battery cell unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a battery thermal insulation pad, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad comprises at least one elastic functional layer (10) and at least one fibrous support layer (20), the elastic functional layer (10) comprising an organic base material and a first filler, the first filler comprising at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof; the fibrous support layer (20) comprising a fibrous base material with gaps; wherein the elastic functional layer (10) at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base material. The battery thermal insulation pad has excellent thermal insulation performance and has certain elasticity so that it can absorb the pressure caused by the deformation of surrounding components.

Description

BATTERY THERMAL INSULATION PAD AND BATTERY PRODUCT USING SAME
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of batteries. More specifically, the present invention relates to a battery thermal insulation pad for battery products, and a battery product including the battery thermal insulation pad.
Background Art
In order to further reduce the risk of thermal runaway in new energy vehicle battery equipment, the automotive industry has adopted a variety of solutions. In terms of a battery cell unit, one solution is to dispose, between battery cells, a thermal insulation pad prepared by depositing aerogel on a fibre mat. However, the process for preparing this aerogel thermal insulation pad is very complicated. Secondly, the battery cells may expand and contract during the charging and discharging process, and the fibre mat of this thermal insulation pad cannot adapt to the deformation of this battery cell unit. Although a frame having elasticity may be disposed on the edge of the thermal insulation pad to absorb this deformation, this will lead to additional process and material costs, and the solution cannot completely solve the above- mentioned deformation problem, because the deformation pressure mainly comes from the centre parts of the battery cells.
Therefore, there is still a need to continuously develop a battery thermal insulation pad that has a simple preparation process, can absorb the deformation pressure of surrounding components well, and has excellent thermal insulation performance, so as to better meet the performance requirements of modern new energy vehicle battery products.
Summary of the Invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery thermal insulation pad, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad comprises: at least one elastic functional layer (10) comprising an organic base material and a first filler, the first filler comprising at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof; and at least one fibrous support layer (20) comprising a fibrous base material with gaps; wherein the elastic functional layer (10) at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base material.
In some embodiments, the elastic functional layer (10) at least partially penetrates the fibrous support layer (20) through the gaps of the fibrous base material.
In some embodiments, the fibrous support layer (20) further comprises a second filler, and the second filler comprises at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the fibrous support layer (20) further comprises an organic carrier, and the second filler is evenly dispersed in the gaps of the fibrous base material by being mixed into the organic carrier.
In some embodiments, the fibrous base material comprises at least one of glass fibre, carbon fibre, pre-oxidized fibre, basalt fibre or ceramic fibre, and combinations thereof.
In some embodiments, the fibrous support layer (20) has a thickness of 0.2 mm to 5 mm, and the fibrous support layer has a density of 100 g/m2 to 800 g/m2.
In some embodiments, the fibrous support layer has a thermal conductivity of 0.02 W/(m K) to 0.08 W/(m K).
In some embodiments, the organic base material comprises at least one of polyurethane, silicone rubber, polyethylene, or polyvinyl chloride, and combinations thereof.
In some embodiments, the organic base material is polyurethane with a density of 0.05 g/m2 to 1 g/m2.
In some embodiments, the thermal insulation pad has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 10 mm, and the thermal insulation pad has a density of 0.3 g/ml to 1.8 g/ml.
In some preferred embodiments, the battery thermal insulation pad comprises two fibrous support layers and one elastic functional layer, the elastic functional layer is located between the two fibrous support layers, and the elastic functional layer at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base materials of the two fibrous support layers.
In some embodiments, the elastic functional layer at least partially penetrates at least one of the two fibrous support layers through the gaps of the fibrous base material.
In some embodiments, the battery thermal insulation pad is in the shape of an arc, and the arc measure is from 90 degrees to 180 degrees.
In some embodiments, a surface of the battery thermal insulation pad has adhesiveness.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a battery product comprising two or more battery cell units and a battery thermal insulation pad according to the first aspect described above, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad is located between adjacent battery cell units.
In some embodiments, the battery cell unit comprises at least one of a cylindrical battery cell, a square battery cell, or a soft-packed battery cell, and combinations thereof.
Beneficial effects The composite material of the present invention has a simple preparation process and excellent thermal insulation performance, and has certain elasticity, so that the pressure caused by deformation of surrounding components can be absorbed, and the safety factor of battery products can be significantly improved.
Brief Description of the Drawings
In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings required in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, simple replacements/changes can be made on the basis of these drawings to obtain other embodiments.
Fig. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal insulation pad according to some embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 1 B is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal insulation pad according to some other embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal insulation pad according to some other embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 3A is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal insulation pad according to some other embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 3B is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal insulation pad according to some other embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 4A is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery product according to some embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 4B is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery product according to some embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery thermal insulation pad according to some other embodiments of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a battery product according to some other embodiments of the present invention.
In the figures, 10 and 10’ - elastic functional layer; 20 and 20’ - fibrous support layer; C and C’ - battery cell; a - arc measure; r - radius.
Specific Embodiments
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. On the basis of the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without exercise of inventive effort fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
As described above, current battery thermal insulation pads have problems such as complex preparation processes and inability to absorb the pressure generated by deformation of surrounding components. In view of this, referring to Fig. 1A, the present invention provides a battery thermal insulation pad 100, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad includes: at least one elastic functional layer (10) including an organic base material and a first filler, the first filler including at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof; and at least one fibrous support layer (20) including a fibrous base material with gaps; wherein the elastic functional layer (10) is at least partially filled in the gaps of the fibrous base material.
Since the above-mentioned elastic functional layer (10) has certain elasticity, the battery thermal insulation pad 100 can absorb the deformation pressure generated by battery elements (such as battery cell units).
The elastic functional layer (10) further includes a first filler, the first filler including at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the first filler is a heat-absorbing filler. In some other embodiments, the first filler is a thermal insulation filler. In some other embodiments, the first filler is the heat-absorbing filler and the thermal insulation filler. In some other embodiments, in addition to the heatabsorbing filler and the thermal insulation filler, other fillers may also be included.
By adding the above-mentioned first filler, this enables the battery thermal insulation pad to: 1) absorb the heat generated by adjacent battery cell units, thereby helping to reduce the risk of further thermal runaway of battery elements; and/or 2) have an improved thermal insulation ability so that the spread of high temperature generated by a single battery element to the surroundings can be reduced, thereby forming a thermal insulation barrier.
Further, the battery thermal insulation pad further includes at least one fibrous support layer (20), which includes a fibrous base material with gaps. Due to the porous nature of the fibrous base material itself, the thermal conductivity of the material is reduced to a very low level, so the fibrous base material has good thermal insulation performance. By providing at least one fibrous support layer (20), the thermal insulation performance of the battery thermal insulation pad can be further improved.
In addition, the organic base material has certain mechanical strength, so that the battery thermal insulation pad (100) can provide certain mechanical support for the battery elements to protect the battery elements from being damaged when impacted or squeezed by the outside world. However, at high temperatures (such as when the thermal runaway of the battery cell unit causes the local temperature to reach 500°C or more), the above-mentioned organic base material may be decomposed. In contrast, the fibrous base material, as an inorganic porous material, not only has low thermal conductivity itself, but also has excellent fire resistance. This ensures that the battery thermal insulation pad maintains its structural integrity after experiencing high-temperature fire and can thus continue to provide some mechanical support for the battery elements. For example, in some embodiments, the fibrous base material is sintered at high temperatures into a thermally stable ceramic structure (i.e. , ceramisation). In addition, during the thermal runaway stage of the battery cell, the battery cell produces a large amount of gas, causing the battery cell to bulge, which applies a battery cell pressure of, for example, 0.3 to 1 MPa to adjacent battery thermal insulation pads. The fibrous support layer according to the present invention can withstand such pressure at high temperatures without being crushed, thereby avoiding a significant decrease in its thermal insulation properties.
Furthermore, the elastic functional layer (10) according to the present invention at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base material. As described above, since the fibrous base material has gaps, the organic base material and the first filler in the elastic functional layer can enter these gaps by means of penetration and/or foaming to cover the fibrous base material, so that an inter-penetrating network structure is formed between the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer. Therefore, the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer can be combined and fixed well without the use of additional adhesives or tapes.
In some preferred embodiments, the elastic functional layer (10) at least partially penetrates the fibrous support layer (20) through the gaps of the fibrous base material. As shown in Fig. 1 B, in the battery thermal insulation pad 100 ' according to the present invention, the organic base material and the first filler in the elastic functional layer can penetrate the gaps of the fibrous base material by means of penetration and/or foaming to reach the other side of the fibrous support layer. Since organic base materials usually have a certain degree of adhesiveness, two sides of the battery thermal insulation pad 100 ' have a certain degree of self-adhesiveness, which is particularly advantageous during use and allows the battery thermal insulation pad to be easily fixed between the battery elements.
In some preferred embodiments, the fibrous support layer (20) further includes a second filler, the second filler including at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof. The heat-absorbing filler and/or the thermal insulation filler in the second filler may be the same as or different from the heat-absorbing filler and/or the thermal insulation filler in the first filler. The fibrous support layer including the heat-absorbing filler and/or the thermal insulation filler may further enhance the heat-absorbing and/or heatinsulating effects of the battery thermal insulation pad. Especially when local thermal runaway occurs, since the battery thermal insulation pad can still maintain structural integrity after experiencing high-temperature fire, the fillers dispersed therein can continue to function as a heat absorber and/or thermal insulator.
The heat-absorbing filler and/or the thermal insulation filler may for example be uniformly mixed into the fibrous base material by means of spraying or the like. In some preferred embodiments, the heat-absorbing filler and/or the thermal insulation filler is premixed in an organic carrier and then applied to the fibrous base material. Suitable organic carriers include, but are not limited to, various resin systems that can form films, such as polyurethane, polyester, acrylic, epoxy resin, etc. It will be understood that key components forming the resin system are also suitable for use as the above-mentioned organic carriers, such as polyols. When the organic base material in the elastic functional layer is polyurethane prepared from a polyol and diisocyanate, it is particularly advantageous to select (polyether)polyol as the organic carrier because the (polyether)polyol as a binder can react and graft with diisocyanate which is a raw material for preparing polyurethane, thereby achieving good cross-linking between the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer.
In the present invention, the fibrous base material may be selected from materials known in the art. For example, a suitable fibrous base material may be selected from one or more of glass fibre, carbon fibre, pre-oxidized fibre (carbon fibre precursor), basalt fibre and ceramic fibre, wherein glass fibre, such as continuous glass fibre or glass fibre mat (fibreglass felt), is preferable.
The present invention has no special restrictions on the thickness of the fibrous support layer, and those skilled in the art can adjust the thickness of the fibrous support layer according to actual needs. In some embodiments, the fibrous support layer has a thickness of 0.2 mm to 5 mm, for example, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4mm and 5mm.
Further, in some embodiments, the fibrous support layer has an area density of 100 g/m2 to 800 g/m2, for example, 100 g/m2, 200 g/m2, 300 g/m2, 400 g/m2, 500 g/m2, 600 g/m2, 700 g/m2, and 800 g/m2, wherein 200 g/m2 to 600 g/m2 is preferable.
The fibrous support layer of the present invention has low thermal conductivity. In some embodiments, its thermal conductivity is 0.02 to 0.08 W/(m K), wherein 0.02 to 0.04 W/mk is preferable. The thermal conductivity of a material can be determined by a method known in the art. In the present invention, the above thermal conductivity value is measured at a temperature of about 25°C according to the ASTM C518 standard.
In the present invention, the organic base material suitable for the elastic functional layer is selected from one or more of polyurethane, silicone rubber, polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride. In some preferred embodiments, the organic base material is polyurethane semi-rigid foam, wherein the more preferred density of polyurethane is 0.05 g/m2 to 1 g/m2, preferably 0.05 g/m2 to 0.3 g/m2). These organic base materials have good elasticity, so that the battery thermal insulation pad can absorb the pressure generated by the deformation of the battery cell units. It should be understood that, in addition to the above-mentioned materials, the organic base material may also be mixed with other organic base materials such as epoxy resin, polyacrylate, polypropylene, polyimide, etc.
A material known in the art may be selected as each of the heat-absorbing fillers and thermal insulation fillers suitable for the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer. For example, suitable heat-absorbing fillers include magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide, green vitriol, alum, dolomite, etc. Suitable thermal insulation fillers include aerogels, titanium dioxide, fumed silica, etc. When the thickness of the battery thermal insulation pad is too small, it will affect the thermal insulation and mechanical performance of the battery thermal insulation pad. When the thickness of the battery thermal insulation pad is too large, it will affect the weight of the battery thermal insulation pad and increase the volume of the battery product. The inventors of the present invention found that by setting the thickness of the battery thermal insulation pad to 0.5 mm to 10 mm, such as 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm and 10 mm, the battery thermal insulation pad according to the present invention has the advantages of both satisfactory thermal insulation effect and light weight.
The battery thermal insulation pad according to the present invention has a density of 0.3 g/ml to 1.8 g/ml, such as 0.3 g/ml, 0.4 g/ml, 0.5 g/ml, 0.6 g/ml, 0.7 g/ml, 0.8 g /ml, 0.9 g/ml, 1.0 g/ml, 1.5 g/ml, or 1.8 g/ml, wherein 0.4 to 0.8 g/ml is preferable.
A battery thermal insulation pad may be obtained by spraying or blade-coating an organic base material (which has been mixed with a heat-absorbing filler and/or a thermal insulation filler) on one or two sides of a fibrous base material (e.g., fibreglass mat, which has optionally been mixed with a heat-absorbing filler and/or a thermal insulation filler), and then performing solidification and integral moulding by means of a mould.
The battery thermal insulation pad may be formed into a desired shape and structure by means of cutting, hot pressing or other treatments as needed. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can select appropriate construction methods according to specific application scenarios. In summary, the battery thermal insulation pad according to the present invention has a simple preparation process.
The following will continue to introduce the battery thermal insulation pad of the present invention with reference to Figs. 2 to 6.
As shown in Fig. 2, in some embodiments, the battery thermal insulation pad 200 according to the present invention includes one fibrous support layer (20) and two elastic functional layers (10 and 10'), the fibrous support layer is located between the two elastic functional layers, and the elastic functional layer at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base material.
As described above, since the fibrous base material has gaps, the organic base material and the first filler in the elastic functional layer can enter these gaps to cover the fibrous base material, so that an inter-penetrating network structure is formed between the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer. Therefore, the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer can be well combined and fixed without the use of additional adhesives or tapes.
The fibrous support layer, the elastic functional layer, and the fillers suitable for the above-mentioned battery thermal insulation pad 100 are all suitable for the battery thermal insulation pad 200, and will not be described again here. The battery thermal insulation pad 200 may be prepared by the following steps: step 1) first spraying/blade-coating a raw material (which has been mixed with the first filler) of an organic base material (such as polyurethane) on two sides of the fibrous base material (which has optionally been mixed with the second filler); and step 2) placing the composite material obtained in step 1) into a mould to be integrally moulded, thereby obtaining the battery thermal insulation pad 200.
As shown in Fig. 3A, in some embodiments, the battery thermal insulation pad 300 according to the present invention includes two fibrous support layers (20 and 20') and one elastic functional layer (10), the elastic functional layer is located between the two fibrous support layers, and the elastic functional layer (10) at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base material. The two fibrous support layers can further enhance the mechanical strength and thermal insulation performance of the battery thermal insulation pad.
In some preferred embodiments, the elastic functional layer (10) at least partially penetrates at least one of the two fibrous support layers (20 and 20') through the gaps of the fibrous base material. As shown in Fig. 3B, in the battery thermal insulation pad 300', the organic base material and the first filler in the elastic functional layer can pass through the gaps of the two layers of fibrous base material to separately reach the other side of the two fibrous support layers. Since organic base materials usually have a certain degree of adhesiveness, two sides of the battery thermal insulation pad 300' have a certain degree of self-adhesiveness, which is particularly advantageous during use and allows the battery thermal insulation pad to be easily fixed between battery elements. It should be understood that the organic base material and the first filler in the elastic functional layer may also reach the other side of one of the fibrous support layers (e.g., 20) through the gaps of the fibrous base material, and partially fill the gaps of the other fibrous support layer (e.g. 20').
The fibrous support layer, the elastic functional layer and the fillers suitable for the battery thermal insulation pad 100 are all suitable for the battery thermal insulation pad 300, and will not be described again here. The battery thermal insulation pad 300 may be prepared by the following steps: step 1) first spraying a raw material (which has been mixed with the first filler) of an organic base material (such as polyurethane) on one side of a first layer of fibrous base material 20 (which has optionally been mixed with the second filler); step 2) placing a second layer of fibrous base material 20' (which has optionally been mixed with the second filler) on the surface of the organic base material that is remote from the first layer of fibrous base material 20; and step 3) placing the composite material obtained in step 2) in a mould to be integrally moulded, thereby obtaining the battery thermal insulation pad 300.
It should be understood that the preparation steps of the battery thermal insulation pad 300' are substantially the same as those of the battery thermal insulation pad 300. Appropriately increasing the amount of the raw material of the organic base material enables the organic base material and the first filler to reach the other side of the fibrous support layer through the gaps of the fibrous base material. It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments and drawings are only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can appropriately adjust the combination order and/or quantity of materials without departing from the spirit of the present invention. That is to say, those skilled in the art can appropriately adjust the number and positions of the elastic functional layer and the fibrous support layer according to specific needs. It should also be understood that additional layers of material can be added by those skilled in the art.
As shown in Figs. 4A and 4B, the battery thermal insulation pad according to the present invention may be used in battery products, for example, disposed between battery cell units (C). Therefore, in a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery product including two or more battery cell units and the battery thermal insulation pad described above, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad is located between adjacent battery cell units. The battery cell unit includes at least one of a cylindrical battery cell, a square battery cell, or a soft-packed battery cell, and combinations thereof.
As described above, the battery thermal insulation pad according to the present invention has certain elasticity, and can thus absorb the pressure caused by the deformation of surrounding components. Secondly, it also has excellent thermal insulation performance. Therefore, when thermal runaway occurs in adjacent battery cell units, the spread of high temperature to the outside can be prevented.
It should be understood that the square battery cell units in Figs. 4A and 4B are only schematic, and the battery cell units may also be in other shapes. Correspondingly, those skilled in the art can mould the battery thermal insulation pad into various shapes according to the shape and structure of the battery cell units. As shown in Fig. 5, in some embodiments, the battery thermal insulation pad 400 according to the present invention is in the shape of an arc, and the arc measure (i.e. , a angle) may be 90 to 180 degrees, such as 90 degrees, 100 degrees, 110 degrees, 120 degrees, 130 degrees, 140 degrees, 150 degrees, 160 degrees, 170 degrees, and 180 degrees.
Such a battery thermal insulation pad is particularly suitable for circular battery cells. Those skilled in the art can set the arc measure and radius (r) of the battery thermal insulation pad according to the actual battery cell unit size, so that the battery thermal insulation pad can cover the battery cell units well to achieve a good thermal insulation effect. Fig. 6 is a top view showing a battery cell unit covered by a battery thermal insulation pad. As shown in Fig. 6, a battery thermal insulation pad 400 with a certain arc measure can be used for a circular battery cell unit. For example, two battery thermal insulation pads with an arc measure of 180°may be used to cover a circular battery cell unit.
The basic principles and exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only for illustrating the present invention, and the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may also have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

Claims
1. Battery thermal insulation pad, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad comprises: at least one elastic functional layer (10) comprising an organic base material and a first filler, the first filler comprising at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof; and at least one fibrous support layer (20) comprising a fibrous base material with gaps; wherein the elastic functional layer (10) is at least partially filled in the gaps of the fibrous base material.
2. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 1 , characterised in that the elastic functional layer (10) at least partially penetrates the fibrous support layer (20) through the gaps of the fibrous base material.
3. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the fibrous support layer (20) further comprises a second filler, and the second filler comprises at least one of a heat-absorbing filler or a thermal insulation filler, and combinations thereof.
4. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 3, characterised in that the fibrous support layer (20) further comprises an organic carrier, and the second filler is evenly dispersed in the gaps of the fibrous base material by being mixed into the organic carrier.
5. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the fibrous base material comprises at least one of glass fibre, carbon fibre, pre-oxidized fibre, basalt fibre or ceramic fibre, and combinations thereof.
6. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the fibrous support layer (20) has a thickness of 0.2 mm to 5 mm, and the fibrous support layer has a density of 100 g/m2 to 800 g/m2.
7. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the fibrous support layer has a thermal conductivity of 0.02 W/(m K) to 0.08 W/(m K).
8. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the organic base material comprises at least one of polyurethane, silicone rubber, polyethylene, or polyvinyl chloride, and combinations thereof.
9. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the organic base material is polyurethane with a density of 0.05 g/m2 to 1 g/m2.
10. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the thermal insulation pad has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 10 mm, and the thermal insulation pad has a density of 0.3 g/ml to 1.8 g/ml.
11. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad comprises one fibrous support layer (20) and two elastic functional layers (10 and 10’), the fibrous support layer is located between the two elastic functional layers, and the elastic functional layer at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base material of the fibrous support layer.
12. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad comprises two fibrous support layers and one elastic functional layer, the elastic functional layer is located between the two fibrous support layers, and the elastic functional layer at least partially fills the gaps of the fibrous base materials of the two fibrous support layers.
13. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 12, characterised in that the elastic functional layer at least partially penetrates at least one of the two fibrous support layers through the gaps of the fibrous base material.
14. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad is in the shape of an arc, and the arc measure is from 90 degrees to 180 degrees.
15. Battery thermal insulation pad according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a surface of the battery thermal insulation pad has adhesiveness.
16. Battery product, comprising two or more battery cell units and the battery thermal insulation pad according to any one of Claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the battery thermal insulation pad is located between adjacent battery cell units.
17. Battery product according to Claim 16, characterised in that the battery cell unit comprises at least one of a cylindrical battery cell, a square battery cell, or a soft-packed battery cell, and combinations thereof.
EP24703920.9A 2023-02-20 2024-02-01 BATTERY THERMAL INSULATION PAD AND BATTERY PRODUCT WITH IT Withdrawn EP4670225A1 (en)

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PCT/EP2024/052437 WO2024175318A1 (en) 2023-02-20 2024-02-01 Battery thermal insulation pad and battery product using same

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JP7422739B2 (en) * 2019-03-27 2024-01-26 三洋電機株式会社 Power supplies and electric vehicles
US20230311376A1 (en) * 2020-07-31 2023-10-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Article with thermal insulation properties
CN116710276A (en) * 2021-01-15 2023-09-05 罗杰斯公司 Heat insulating multilayer sheet, manufacturing method and product using same
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