EP4639104A1 - Radiometrische füllstandsmessung - Google Patents
Radiometrische füllstandsmessungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4639104A1 EP4639104A1 EP23820861.5A EP23820861A EP4639104A1 EP 4639104 A1 EP4639104 A1 EP 4639104A1 EP 23820861 A EP23820861 A EP 23820861A EP 4639104 A1 EP4639104 A1 EP 4639104A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- scintillator
- detector
- photomultiplier
- container
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
- G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
- G01F23/288—X-rays; Gamma rays or other forms of ionising radiation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a simply constructed detector for radiometric level or density measurement.
- measuring devices or measuring systems are often used to record and/or influence process variables.
- the process variables determined include the fill level, flow, pressure, temperature, pH value, redox potential or conductivity.
- different measuring principles are implemented in the measuring device or measuring system. Actuators such as valves or pumps are used to influence process variables, which can be used to change the flow of a liquid in a pipe section or the fill level in a container.
- Actuators such as valves or pumps are used to influence process variables, which can be used to change the flow of a liquid in a pipe section or the fill level in a container.
- a large number of such measuring devices and measuring systems are manufactured and sold by the Endress + Hauser group of companies.
- Radiometric-based measuring systems are used to measure fill levels, particularly in applications where other measuring principles such as radar fail due to harsh operating conditions.
- radioactive radiation for example gamma radiation from a cesium or cobalt source
- a radioactive radiation source of the measuring system is used, which is emitted by a radioactive radiation source of the measuring system and passed through the container with the relevant filling material.
- the transmitted radiation intensity is recorded by a corresponding detector of the measuring system.
- the detector is arranged on the container approximately opposite the radiation source.
- the transmitted portion of the radiation emitted by the radiation source is determined.
- the fill level of the filling material in the container is in turn determined on the basis of the transmitted portion.
- the transmitted portion of the radioactive radiation power cannot be directly detected after passing through the container.
- the radioactive Radiation in the detector is first converted into electromagnetic radiation in the optical spectral range by a suitable material. Only then can the radiation power within the detector be detected by a photomultiplier.
- scintillating materials Materials that have such scintillating properties are referred to as scintillating materials.
- measuring systems based on this radiometric measuring principle can, after appropriate calibration, also determine the density of the filling material as an alternative to the fill level. Radiometric fill level or density measuring systems are already known from the state of the art. The basic functional principle is described, for example, in the patent specification EP 2 208 031 B1.
- the photomultiplier In contrast to the scintillator and the evaluation unit, the photomultiplier is particularly sensitive to interference from magnetic fields, which is why the photomultiplier in the detector must be separately shielded against such interference. This involves additional effort in terms of construction, materials and manufacturing technology.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a detector for a radiometric measuring system which has a simplified structure under these aspects.
- the invention solves this problem by a detector for a radiometric measuring system, wherein the detector comprises the following components:
- the detector is characterized by an optically and magnetically shielding housing, which shields or completely encloses at least the scintillator and the photomultiplier and, if necessary, also the evaluation unit.
- the housing can be made of any magnetizable material, such as nickel, copper or iron or, in particular, black steel.
- the inventive design of the housing makes separate magnetic shielding of the photomultiplier superfluous. This reduces the number of components and thus the manufacturing effort of the detector.
- the housing includes corrosion protection, in particular a coating and/or galvanization.
- the term "unit” is understood to mean in principle any electronic circuits that are intended for the specific purpose, such as for measuring signal processing or as an interface. Depending on the purpose, the respective unit can therefore comprise corresponding analog circuits for generating or processing analog signals. However, the unit can also comprise digital circuits such as FPGAs, microcontrollers or storage media in conjunction with corresponding programs. The program is designed to carry out the necessary process steps or to apply the necessary computing operations. In this context, different units within the meaning of the invention can potentially also access a common physical memory or be operated using the same physical digital circuit. On the other hand, it is not relevant whether different electronic circuits within a unit are arranged on a common circuit board or on several interconnected circuit boards.
- a corresponding radiometric measuring system which is used to measure the fill level or density of filling materials in containers, comprises, in addition to the detector according to the invention, a radioactive radiation source which can be attached in relation to the container in such a way that radioactive radiation is emitted towards the container within a defined beam cone.
- the detector must be mounted on the container opposite the radiation source in such a way that the scintillator of the detector is at least partially located in the beam cone of the radiation source.
- Fig. 1 a radiometric measuring system according to the invention on a container.
- Fig. 1 shows a radiometric measuring system for industrial fill level measurement, which is based on a detector 1 according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 shows a container 3 of an industrial process plant.
- the container 3 can contain, for example, crude oil as the filling material 2, which undergoes a refraction process there.
- the fill level L and/or a density profile of the filling material 2 must be determined, whereby the radiometric measuring principle is used due to the harsh process conditions.
- a radioactive radiation source 5 of the measuring system is arranged and aligned on the container 3 so that radioactive radiation emerges towards the container 3 within a defined beam cone.
- the radiation source 5 is arranged at an upper end region of the container 3 and inclined downwards by approximately 45°. This ensures that the beam cone a radiates through the measuring range I of the container interior, which is essential for the level or density profile measurement. Depending on the height of the container 3 or the process in progress, this measuring range I can vary in height, which is why the measuring system must in principle be individually adaptable to this.
- the detector 1 is arranged opposite the radiation source 5 on the container 3 in the beam cone a of the radiation source 5.
- the detector 1 comprises all the components required by the functional principle to generate an electrical evaluation signal s a based on the incident radioactive radiation, which represents the power or intensity of the incident radiation:
- a scintillator 11 of the detector 1 serves to convert the radioactive radiation coming from the radiation source 5 into optical or spectrally adjacent radiation.
- the scintillator 11 c can be based on organic scintillating material, such as polystyrene or polyvinyl toluene.
- inorganic materials can be used which have corresponding scintillating properties, such as thallium-doped sodium iodide or gadolinium aluminum gallium gamete.
- the radiation converted into optical form by the scintillator 11 is subsequently converted by a photomultiplier 12 into an evaluation signal s a , which thereby represents the power or the intensity of the radiation incident on the scintillator 11.
- the scintillator 11 Due to the - vertical - alignment of the scintillator 11 towards the beam cone a of the radiation source 5, the scintillator 11 receives the radioactive radiation after it has passed through the filling material 2 or through the gas phase located above it in the interior of the container.
- the intensity of the received radiation - in relation to the initial intensity at the radiation source 5 - thus depends essentially on the fill level L of the filling material 1 and on its density: If, depending on the fill level L, filling material 2 is in the beam path between the radiation source 5 and the scintillator 11, the intensity of the incident radioactive radiation is reduced significantly or measurably.
- the evaluation signal s a of the photomultiplier 12 therefore represents the radiation intensity incident on the scintillator 11.
- An appropriately designed evaluation unit 13 of the detector 1 is used to determine the density or the fill level L based on the evaluation signal s a . As shown in Fig. 1, the photomultiplier 12 and the evaluation unit 13 are electrically contacted accordingly for this purpose. At the same time, the power supply of the photomultiplier 12 by the evaluation unit 13 is ensured via this contact.
- the radiation source 5 and the detector 1 can be mounted either directly on the container 3 or indirectly on free-standing stands.
- the evaluation unit 13 of the measuring system for controlling the process can also be connected via a separate Interface unit, such as "4-20 mA”, “PROFIBUS”, “H ⁇ RT” or “Ethernet” can be connected to a higher-level unit 4, such as a local process control system or a decentralized server system.
- the measured density or fill level value L can be transmitted via this, for example to control heating elements or any supply lines on the container 3.
- other information about the general operating status of the measuring system can also be communicated.
- the evaluation unit 12 is structurally arranged in a separate housing part. This housing part in turn adjoins the lower end region of a housing 14 in which the scintillator 11 and the photomultiplier 12 are arranged. In contrast to the illustration shown, it is also conceivable that the housing part of the evaluation unit 12 adjoins the upper end region of the housing 14. In addition, in contrast to the illustration in Fig. 1, it is conceivable that the evaluation unit 13 is also arranged in the same housing 14 in which the scintillator 11 and the photomultiplier 12 are located.
- the housing 14 in which the scintillator 11 and the photomultiplier 12 are arranged together, is designed in such a way that it shields the scintillator 11 and the photomultiplier 12 both from optical radiation and magnetically.
- the housing 14 can in principle be made from any magnetizable metal, such as iron, cobalt or nickel. In contrast to the prior art, this makes separate magnetic shielding of the photomultiplier 12 unnecessary.
- Black steel is particularly advantageous as a housing material in this context due to its mechanical robustness.
- the housing 14 not only provides optical and magnetic protection, but also mechanical impact resistance.
- the housing 14 with an external coating or a sacrificial anode that protects the housing from other weather influences, such as moisture.
- the housing part of the evaluation unit 12 illustrated in Fig. 1 and any other covers or closures should also preferably be designed in such a way that the housing 14 seals the scintillator 11 and the photomultiplier 12 from the outside in a media-tight manner.
- This housing part, any covers, closures or corresponding parts of the housing 14 that are not at the level of the photomultiplier 12 can be made of a non-magnetically shielding material, as long as the magnetic shielding is guaranteed.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022133797.9A DE102022133797A1 (de) | 2022-12-19 | 2022-12-19 | Radiometrische Füllstandsmessung |
| PCT/EP2023/084663 WO2024132547A1 (de) | 2022-12-19 | 2023-12-07 | Radiometrische füllstandsmessung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4639104A1 true EP4639104A1 (de) | 2025-10-29 |
Family
ID=89158548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23820861.5A Pending EP4639104A1 (de) | 2022-12-19 | 2023-12-07 | Radiometrische füllstandsmessung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4639104A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN120265951A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022133797A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024132547A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4520266A (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1985-05-28 | British Steel Corporation | Radiation level detectors |
| US7138633B1 (en) * | 2004-01-23 | 2006-11-21 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Apparatus employing a filtered scintillator and method of using same |
| US7170061B2 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2007-01-30 | General Electric Company | Ruggedized scintillation detector with low energy detection capabilities |
| DE102007053860A1 (de) * | 2007-11-09 | 2009-05-14 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | Radiometrisches Messgerät |
| US9200949B2 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2015-12-01 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Stand-alone photosensor assembly |
| DE102016122049A1 (de) * | 2016-11-16 | 2018-05-17 | Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG | Detektor-Einheit für ein radiometrisches Dichte- oder Füllstandsmessgerät |
| CN110416057B (zh) * | 2019-07-31 | 2022-03-01 | 深圳麦科田生物医疗技术股份有限公司 | 光电倍增管屏蔽结构及信号检测装置 |
-
2022
- 2022-12-19 DE DE102022133797.9A patent/DE102022133797A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-12-07 WO PCT/EP2023/084663 patent/WO2024132547A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-12-07 EP EP23820861.5A patent/EP4639104A1/de active Pending
- 2023-12-07 CN CN202380083718.9A patent/CN120265951A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102022133797A1 (de) | 2024-06-20 |
| CN120265951A (zh) | 2025-07-04 |
| WO2024132547A1 (de) | 2024-06-27 |
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