EP4639085A1 - Dispositif et procede de navigation utilisant des donnees de correction dans une umi distante - Google Patents
Dispositif et procede de navigation utilisant des donnees de correction dans une umi distanteInfo
- Publication number
- EP4639085A1 EP4639085A1 EP23833309.0A EP23833309A EP4639085A1 EP 4639085 A1 EP4639085 A1 EP 4639085A1 EP 23833309 A EP23833309 A EP 23833309A EP 4639085 A1 EP4639085 A1 EP 4639085A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- data
- inertial
- navigation
- integration
- location
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
- G01C21/28—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network with correlation of data from several navigational instruments
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/10—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
- G01C21/12—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
- G01C21/16—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
- G01C21/165—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation combined with non-inertial navigation instruments
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/10—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
- G01C21/12—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
- G01C21/16—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
- G01C21/183—Compensation of inertial measurements, e.g. for temperature effects
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of inertial measurement units and more particularly inertial navigation systems allowing navigation based on measurements provided by at least one inertial measurement unit.
- Inertial navigation systems are known, an example of which is shown in Figure 7 under the general reference 1000, comprising, in the same housing, an inertial measurement unit 1100 connected by a data link to an electronic navigation calculation unit. 1200.
- the inertial measurement unit 1100 comprises accelerometers and angular sensors arranged along the axes of a measurement reference [m] to provide primary signals representative of the integral, over a time step (for example between an instant t i -1 and an instant t i ), the specific force vector and the angular velocity vector relative to an inertial reference frame [i].
- the successive signals are thus representative of the integral of the specific force vector on the one hand and of the angular velocity vector on the other hand from an instant t 0 to an instant ti, then from the instant ti to an instant t 2 , then from time t 2 to time t 3 , etc. : the signals are therefore generally called increments.
- the specific force in English “specific force”, “g-force” or “mass-specific force”) is a representation of the sum, on the one hand, of the acceleration of the carrier of the inertial measurement unit by relation to the inertial frame and, on the other hand, to terrestrial gravity.
- the electronic navigation calculation unit 1200 comprises a processor and a memory containing a navigation computer program which is executed by the processor and which uses the signals provided by the inertial measurement unit 1100 to determine a trajectory of the carrier (a vehicle ) embedding the navigation system.
- the navigation calculations must be carried out at a high rate, typically 50 to 200 Hz , in order to ensure a precise reconstruction of the location which is insensitive to the dynamics of the wearer.
- a clock 1001 makes it possible to synchronize the inertial measurement unit 1100 and the electronic navigation calculation unit 1200.
- GNSS satellite navigation system
- aerodynamic data calculator baro altimeter, pitot, etc.
- star sighting device etc.
- the invention aims in particular to improve the performance of hybrid navigations.
- a navigation device comprising an inertial measurement unit and an electronic navigation calculation unit connected to each other by a data link.
- the inertial measurement unit comprises inertial sensors for producing location signals and the electronic navigation calculation unit is arranged to calculate navigation from the location signals.
- the inertial measurement unit comprises an electronic processing circuit connected to the inertial sensors and provided with a memory containing an error model of the inertial measurement unit.
- the electronic processing circuit is arranged to transmit to the electronic navigation unit, on the one hand, at a first rate, said location signals and, on the other hand, at a second rate, correction signals comprising first correction data which are representative of an impact of sensor errors on the location signals over a given period and which are determined by the electronic processing circuit from the error model, and second correction data representative of an effect of random noise and errors of the inertial measurement unit over the given period.
- the electronic navigation calculation unit implements a hybridized navigation algorithm arranged to provide a hybrid location which is based on inertial location data extracted from the location signals and external location data and which is realigned from the correction data.
- “Location signals” are signals comprising location data making it possible to calculate the location of the vehicle.
- the electronic processing circuit is able to provide the electronic navigation calculation unit with the location signals and the correction signals allowing the electronic navigation calculation unit to develop a corrected hybrid navigation and therefore to have better performance, particularly for real-time implementation, for example of several hybridizations and associated navigations in parallel.
- the electronic processing circuit is arranged to perform at least a first integration, as a function of time, of primary data contained in primary signals from the inertial sensors over an integration duration, which begins at a single start instant. integration and which is measured, to produce processed data inserted into signals forming the location signals with temporal information representative of the integration duration, and in that the electronic navigation calculation unit is arranged to extract location signals the processed data and temporal information and use them to calculate navigation taking into account the integration duration.
- the primary signals (the increments produced by the inertial sensors) which are transmitted at high speed to the electronic navigation calculation unit as in the prior art, but values integrated over an integration period, not bounded, from the unique moment of integration (the same for all processed data, corresponding for example to the start-up of the system or the receipt of a command to start integration), which can be transmitted at the same rate or at a lower rate.
- the location signals successively sent by the electronic processing circuit will be representative of an integration from the instant t 0 to an instant ti, then from the instant t 0 to an instant t 2 , then from the instant t 0 at a time t 3 , etc.
- the electronic processing circuit is arranged to:
- the invention also relates to a navigation method by means of a navigation device comprising an inertial measurement unit and an electronic navigation calculation unit connected to each other by a data link, comprising the steps of
- correction signals comprising first correction data which are representative of an impact of the errors of the sensors on the location signals on a given period, and second correction data representative of the evolution noises representative of the errors of the model over the given period, and transmit the correction signals to the electronic navigation calculation unit at a second rate;
- a hybrid navigation algorithm calculates a hybrid location which is based on inertial location data extracted from the location signals and external location data
- the electronic navigation unit is arranged to:
- the first correction data are the components of the PHI matrix of inertial location error evolution and of the inertial measurement unit at low cadence and the second correction data are the components of the Q matrix devolution random inertial localization error and the inertial measurement unit at low cadence.
- the Q matrix is also commonly called the desensitization matrix or noise matrix.
- the invention finally relates to a vehicle equipped with a navigation device according to the invention.
- Figure 1 is a partial schematic view of an aircraft equipped with a navigation device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the device according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the data exchanges during the implementation of the method according to the invention.
- Figure 4 is a flowchart showing the implementation of the method according to the invention, on the inertial measurement unit side;
- FIG. 5 Figure 5 is a flowchart showing the implementation of the method according to the invention, on the electronic calculation unit side for processing location signals;
- Figure 6 is a flowchart showing the implementation of the method according to the invention, on the electronic calculation unit side for processing the correction signals;
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the data exchanges in a navigation device according to the prior art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
- the invention is described here in an aeronautical application, the navigation device of the invention being embarked in an aircraft A having a structure comprising a fuselage and wings and having a center of gravity G.
- the navigation device comprises an inertial measurement unit 100 and an electronic navigation calculation unit 200 connected to each other by a data link 300.
- the measurement unit inertial 100 is here positioned substantially at the level of the center of gravity G of the aircraft A and the electronic calculation unit 200 is here positioned at the front of the aircraft A, in an avionics bay B grouping together the computers used for processing data used for piloting the aircraft A.
- the inertial measurement unit 100 is arranged at a first distance from the center of gravity G and the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 is arranged at a second distance from the center of gravity, the first distance here being less than the second distance.
- the difference between the first distance and the second distance is several meters.
- the inertial measurement unit 100 comprises a first housing 101 containing inertial sensors, namely linear inertial sensors (more precisely accelerometers 110) arranged along the axes of a measurement mark [m] to measure the “gravitational speed” of this reference (that is to say the time integral of the specific force present at the center of this reference) and angular inertial sensors, here gyrometers 120, arranged along the axes of this reference to measure the rotation of the measurement frame [m] in relation to an inertial frame [i].
- Inertial sensors do not provide absolute values but increments representative of a variation in the measured quantity compared to the previous measurement.
- the increments of the integral of the specific force are thus representative of a variation of the components of the gravitational speed along the three axes of the frame [m].
- the rotation increments are thus representative of the variation of the integral over time of the angular rotation speed of the measurement frame [m] relative to the inertial frame [i] and are provided in the form of quaternions (rotation quaternion Qi/m transition from [m] to [i]), Euler angles, rotation matrices, or Bortz vectors.
- the inertial sensors thus provide first signals or primary signals containing first data representative of a variation in gravitational speed (accelerometric measurement) and second data representative of a variation in angle (gyrometric measurement). Typically, these signals are provided at a rate between 100 Hz and 400 Hz.
- the first housing 101 is received in a second housing 102 of the inertial measurement unit 100.
- the second housing 102 also contains an electronic processing circuit 130 having inputs connected to the outputs of the inertial sensors 110, 120 for example by electrical conductors such as circuit boards or cables.
- the electronic processing circuit 130 here comprises at least one processor and a memory containing a first computer program which is executable by the processor and which comprises instructions arranged to implement the method of the invention. This first program will be detailed later.
- the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 is known in itself and comprises a housing 201 containing at least one processor and a memory containing a second computer program which is executable by the processor and which comprises instructions arranged to implement the method of the invention. Generally speaking, the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 is arranged to calculate navigation from signals provided by the inertial measurement unit 100. This second program will also be detailed later.
- the inertial measurement unit 100 and the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 each have a clock allowing the first to date the signals transmitted and the other to date the times of reception.
- the inertial measurement unit 100 and the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 are physically separated from each other but are connected to exchange signals.
- the electronic processing circuit 130 has at least one output connected to at least one input of the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 by a data link 300.
- the data link 300 is here an Ethernet link for example conforming to the ARINC664 standard.
- the inertial measurement unit 100 is arranged to provide the electronic navigation calculation unit with two types of signals: location signals and correction signals which will be successively detailed below. The development of location signals is first detailed below.
- the first program provides location signals at times t i according to a first rate and location signals at times t k according to a second rate, here lower than the first rate.
- the first program executed by the electronic processing circuit 130 receives as input the first signals containing the first data and the second data.
- the first program is arranged to carry out: - a first integration, over an integration duration measured from a single instant of start of integration t 0 (duration noted t e -t 0 in Figures 3 and 4, i varying from 0 to e), second data for produce second integrated data;
- first shift (Shift V or SHV) of the first integrated data to obtain first processed data (the first shift is carried out when the value of the first integrated data exceeds a range of acceptable values for their subsequent processing);
- the inertial frame [i] is for example the measurement frame [m] when the inertial measurement unit 100 is powered up or any other inertial frame offset angularly relative to the latter and for example the frame [ m] at the start or end time of integration.
- the first program executed by the electronic processing circuit is arranged to calculate the integrations in floating or fixed point with a number of mantissa bits enabling the required location precision to be achieved with a minimum time between two successive shifts of 20s.
- a double precision calculation on 64 bits including 48 mantissa bits makes it possible to achieve a precision objective of, for example, 0.001 ms -1 , 0.001 m, 0.001°/h and 1 rad.
- the second integrated data are representative of an angular position (or an orientation);
- the first integrated data and the first processed data are representative of a linear speed
- the first doubly integrated data and the first doubly processed data are representative of a linear position.
- the first shift operation comprises the step of comparing an absolute initial value of each component of the first integrated data to at least a first threshold Sspeed.
- the first program leaves the current values unchanged, which amounts to applying a zero offset.
- the first program applies to said component of the first integrated data a predetermined offset to bring said component of the first integrated data to a value shifted below of the first threshold.
- a first SHV offset value (here equal to the first threshold) is deduced from the initial value of said component of the first integrated data (or added to it according to the sign of the current value) to obtain the offset value.
- the first Sspeed threshold is determined based on an expected speed resolution for navigation.
- the integration time without offset obviously depends on the dynamics of aircraft A.
- the first integrated data and the first SHV offset value are expressed here in meters per second.
- the second shift operation comprises the step of comparing an absolute current value of the first doubly integrated data to at least a second Sposition threshold.
- the first program leaves the current values unchanged, which amounts to applying a zero offset.
- the first program applies to said component of the first doubly integrated data a predetermined offset to bring said component of the first doubly integrated data to a value shifted in below the second threshold.
- a second SHP offset value (here equal to the second threshold) is deduced from the initial value of the first doubly integrated data (or added according to the sign of the initial value of said component) to obtain the shifted value.
- the second Sposition threshold is determined based on an expected position resolution for navigation.
- the integration duration without offset depends on the dynamics of aircraft A and the threshold Sspeed.
- the first doubly integrated data and the second SHP offset value are expressed here in meters.
- the first processed data (which correspond to the three components of the speed including the integration of the effect of gravity, possibly affected by an offset, and for this reason named pseudo-velocity PV or pseudo-inertial speed PVI), the first doubly processed data (which correspond to the three components of the position including the double integration of the effect of gravity, possibly affected by an offset - speed or position - or by two offsets - speed and position, and named for this reason pseudo-position PP or pseudo-inertial position PPI), the second processed data (which correspond to the three rotation components representative of the attitude of the aircraft A), and temporal information (a counter of integration steps or steps of time of the inertial measurement unit between the sampling instant and the single instant of start of integration, i.e.
- t e -t 0 are put in the form of a packet introduced into second signals at ti transmitted via the data link 300 to the electronic navigation calculation unit 200.
- These second signals at t i are the location signals at t i (also called inertial pseudo-location signals).
- the first program is arranged to carry out:
- the second data integrated from t k-1 to t k are representative of an increment of angular position (or an orientation);
- the location signals at t k may also include:
- the offsets are based on the same principle as those previously described.
- the second data integrated from t 0 to t k are representative of an angular position (or an orientation);
- the first doubly integrated data from t 0 to t k are representative of a linear position.
- the batch of location data from t k-1 to t k and batch of location data from t 0 to t k , as well as temporal information for the latter are put in the form of a packet introduced into second signals at t k transmitted via the data link 300 per unit navigation calculation electronics 200.
- second signals at t k are the location signals at t k .
- the second program executed by the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 is arranged to extract, from the second signals at ti, the processed data and the temporal information and implements an inertial navigation algorithm to exploit them to calculate the inertial location taking into account the evolution of the integration duration since the last extraction of the second signals.
- the second program receives as input the second signals at t i , in the form of two data packets transmitted at each time t i by the first program but recovered respectively for example at time ti then at time t 2 each comprising the first processed data, the first doubly processed data, the second processed data, and the temporal information corresponding to the instant of sampling of the pseudo-navigation data in the inertial measurement unit with the possible internal drifts of the clock of the inertial measurement unit (this temporal information is a number of integration steps of the inertial measurement unit, since the single instant of start of integration t 0 , associated with the packet data transmitted by the inertial measurement unit).
- the two instants tl then t 2 are separated by less than half the minimum time between two successive shifts of a pseudo-velocity or pseudo-inertial position component.
- the second program must carry out the operations making it possible to calculate from the data received at time t 2 :
- ShiftPVdetected logic indicator for detecting shift of at least one of the pseudo-speed components between t 1 and t 2 .
- the second program has the offset values in memory and is arranged to analyze the values of the transmitted processed data and detect the presence of an offset.
- the analysis consists of comparing each of the components of the processed data recently received with each of the components of the processed data received the previous moment and of detecting an inconsistency taking into account the laws of physics. If such an inconsistency exists, it means that a shift has occurred and the second program then considers the ShiftPVdetected flag as true and compensates for the realized shift using the corresponding shift value. Otherwise, the second program considers the ShiftPVdetected flag to be false.
- the second program calculates the evolution of the inertial location from ti to t 2 from the following information:
- an external correction factor Corr ext making it possible to correct the calculation of apparent gravity so as to stabilize the altitude on average on an external altitude reference (in an aircraft, this altitude reference comes for example from an anemo-barometric center).
- the second program performs these calculations of the evolution of the inertial location from ti to t 2 taking as hypothesis H1 that the apparent acceleration y P is constant in the navigation frame between ti and t 2 .
- CorrPPi (t 1 ->t 2 ) DP (t 1 ->t 2 )- (PV (t 1 )
- the second program corrects the inertial localization using a CorrPi deviation calculated as follows:
- Inertial localization is used here directly to enable the navigation of aircraft A.
- the second program also receives second signals at t k and is arranged to extract, from the second signals at t k , the batch of data from t k-1 to t k , the batch of data from t k and the information temporal and implements a hybridized navigation algorithm to exploit them to calculate a hybridized location (see Figure 6).
- the hybridized navigation algorithm receives as input the location signals at t k and external data from location (satellite location data, stellar location data, radar location data, or other).
- the hybridized navigation algorithm includes a Kalman filter known in itself and a hybridized navigation error model to calculate a hybridized location of the aircraft A.
- the electronic processing circuit of the inertial measurement unit 100 is arranged to transmit to the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 a time marker (“Time Mark” in Figure 3) in order to synchronize the navigation calculations and to date the signals emitted by the inertial measurement unit 100.
- This is particularly important to enable the hybrid navigation to be dated with respect to the external information that it uses (in fact, we understand that to calculate a hybrid location at an instant t, it is necessary to associate inertial location data and external location data corresponding to said instant t).
- the second program corrects the hybridized localization using the correction signals.
- the electronic processing circuit 100 is provided with a memory containing an error model of the inertial sensors.
- the electronic processing circuit 100 is arranged to calculate:
- first correction data ⁇ UMI which are representative of an impact of sensor errors on the location signals over a given period (for example from t k-1 to t k ) and which are determined by the electronic processing circuit
- the first correction data ⁇ UMI are here the components of an evolution matrix of the nine localization errors in the navigation reference [i].
- the nine error states correspond to the three attitude error states, the three pseudo-velocity error states, and the three inertial pseudo-position error states.
- Said matrix may include other states representative for example of the impact of the six gyrometric misalignment errors, the six accelerometric misalignment errors, the scaling factor errors of the accelerometers and gyrometers, etc.
- the calculation of the components of the error evolution matrix is carried out using the error model of the sensors of the inertial measurement unit 100 with measurements of the environment of the inertial measurement unit 100 which are provided by at least one sensor (for example a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a magnetic radiation sensor, etc.) placed in the vicinity of the inertial measurement unit 100 and which are used as input to the error model.
- at least one sensor for example a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a magnetic radiation sensor, etc.
- the second QUMI correction data are the components of a vector representative of the uncertainties of the error model. We also talk about a desensitization matrix or a noise matrix which can be diagonal or not. Note that the calculation of the components of the noise matrix of the model is known in itself and is therefore not detailed here.
- the first data numbers here are 81 (NxN) and the second data numbers nine (N).
- the values of the non-zero and non-fixed components of the error evolution matrix and the three components of the model noise matrix are here coded as commas floating point on 32 bits or 64 bits.
- the electronic processing circuit 100 then puts the first correction data and the second correction data in the form of correction signals.
- the second cadence here is a submultiple of the first cadence.
- the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 has all the correction signals.
- the content of the location signals at t k and the content of the correction signals are homogeneous temporally in such a way that the data contained in each correction signal corresponds well to the data contained in the location signals corresponding to the given period . There is therefore synchronization between the development of each correction signal and the development of the location signals during the given period.
- the second program executed by the electronic navigation calculation unit 200 is arranged to extract the first correction data and the second correction data from the correction signals.
- the second program calculates, by means of a navigation algorithm powered by the location signals at t k and in particular by the batch of location data from t k-1 to t k :
- the second program projects the first correction data ⁇ uMi(t k-1 to t k ) into the navigation frame [p] and thus obtains the first projected correction data ⁇ NAV (t k-1 to t k ).
- the second program calculates the error evolutions and the navigation error model which are then transmitted to the hybrid navigation algorithm to realign the hybrid navigation error model, and therefore the hybrid localization, and to the inertial navigation algorithm to also realign the inertial localization.
- the second program provides the inertial location of aircraft A and the hybridized location of aircraft A (the location combines attitude, speed and terrestrial geographic position information).
- the electronic navigation unit has a working period of less than half of a minimum time between two successive shifts.
- the increments are integrated, by the inertial measurement unit, in an inertial reference frame (except for sensor defects) so as to allow navigation calculations on a terrestrial reference ellipsoid at a lower rate and asynchronously.
- the use of the outputs of the inertial measurement unit by the second program, in the case where offsets are possible, is based on the knowledge and exploitation of the pseudo-velocity and pseudo-inertial position offset values upstream of the calculation of evolution of inertial localization.
- the hybrid navigation at t k-1 for the estimated evolution of the hybrid localization uses the first projected correction data ⁇ NAV ( t k-1 ->t k ), the second correction data ⁇ UMI (t k-1 -»t k ), the values estimated by hybridization and the matrices or quaternion or rotation Tp/t, Tp/m, Tm /i (or Tp/t, Tp/m, Tp/i c , Tm/i and Tm/i c ) at t k-1 and a t k .
- ⁇ &NAV which is the error evolution matrix in the navigation frame [p]
- ⁇ UMI which is the error evolution matrix in the inertial frame [i]
- the compensated inertial frame [i c ] i.e. the inertial frame [i] compensated taking into account the errors of the inertial measurement unit.
- the benchmark [i] calculated by the QUMI, PVI and PPI outputs is not perfect because its calculation is marred by unit errors inertial measurement.
- This compensation can be used to calculate the evolution of t k-1 to t k of Tp/i also makes it possible to calculate (without this being useful for hybrid navigation) a compensated inertial reference frame [i c ] which is closer to d an inertial reference frame thanks to corrections of gyrometric errors of parameters estimated and reset by hybrid navigation. Note, however, that the compensated inertial reference frame [i c ] is not actually used for calculating navigation.
- the compensated inertial frame [ic] is not necessary to calculate the evolution, from t k-1 to t k , of Tp/i, Tp/t, Tp/m, V z , H and horizontal speed in the horizontal reference [p] free azimuth on the reference ellipsoid.
- the curvature generated by the non-spherical reference ellipsoid varies very little and only with latitude and altitude.
- the curvature matrix can therefore be approximated by a constant (or a linear function as a function of time) over a duration dt k without generating significant errors in calculating the evolution of the location. So,
- an external altitude stabilization loop or the reference altitude Kalman filter at t k makes it possible to calculate the theoretical apparent gravity value at the altitude at t k , the new corrections on the apparent gravity value and possibly the vertical speed at t k applicable for the following time step from t k to t k+1 .
- the error model of the inertial measurement unit in the error evolution model of the hybrid ellipsoidal localization with free azimuth uses the matrix ⁇ UMI t k-1-> t k and the matrices or quaternion or rotation Tp/m, Tp/i, Tm/i at t k-1 and at t k (values at t k obtained by iteration of the calculation of evolution from t k-1 to t k ).
- the error parameter states of the inertial measurement unit are added into the navigation error model. This allows them to be taken into account in the error evolution model of the hybridized localization and possibly the estimation and real-time updating of parameters of the error model of the inertial measurement unit during registrations. This is often the case, for example, with accelerometer biases.
- the method of the invention provides several improvements making it possible to facilitate real-time implementation of hybrid navigations with digital links between the inertial measurement unit and the electronic navigation unit.
- Hybridized navigation operational outputs with low delay (typically 4 to 20ms) can be calculated.
- the first program executed by the electronic processing circuit 130 is arranged to carry out a third integration on the first doubly integrated data of the location data from t k-1 to t k to obtain first triple-integrated data over the time step considered.
- the first triple-integrated data are transmitted to the electronic processing unit 200 which uses them to refine navigation.
- the first triple integrated data from t k-1 to t k are used to improve the accuracy.
- the passage matrix Ti/p will classically be the sum of matrices composed of the coefficients of the Legendre polynomials.
- the device may have a structure different from that described.
- the electronic processing circuit and the electronic navigation calculation unit may have structures different from those described and include for example a coprocessor, a dedicated ASIC type processor, a microcontroller, an FPGA type programmable circuit, etc. .
- the invention is particularly advantageous when the inertial measurement unit and the electronic processing unit are very far from each other (for example several meters), the invention is also applicable when the unit inertial measurement and the electronic processing unit are closer (for example less than one meter).
- Computer programs can be arranged differently and perform calculations with different precisions.
- correction signals comprising first correction data which are representative of an impact of sensor errors on the location signals over a given period and which are determined by the electronic processing circuit from of the error model, and second correction data representative of an effect of noise and random errors of the inertial measurement unit over the given period, and the exploitation of these correction signals by the calculation unit of navigation allows a substantial improvement in accuracy.
- the other characteristics of the described embodiment are certainly advantageous, but optional.
- Shift operations are not necessary when the integration time is such that the processed data provided will have a value compatible with the expected resolution for navigation.
- the outputs of the electronic processing circuit can be supplied at a fixed rate (possibly configurable via a circuit initialization command) or on external request, then up to the program making the request to ensure a sufficient rate of requests so as not to risk more than a shift of the same data between two supplies.
- the attitude outputs (gyrometric data), as well as the speed outputs and the position outputs (from the accelerometric data) are limited to 22 or 24 bits per output with sufficient resolution to ensure that the degradation of the navigation precision with the method of the invention is negligible compared to the precision of navigation carried out directly from the increments coming from the sensors.
- the offsets described make it possible to limit the number of bits of the speed and position outputs.
- the outputs of the electronic processing circuit allow inertial navigation:
- the first program executed by the circuit electronic processing has an initialization mode by which all or part of the following parameters can be modified:
- navigation with inertial or horizontal mechanization (and navigation reference) with free azimuth on the terrestrial ellipsoid will be chosen. This is, however, not obligatory.
- the effects of variation in gravity, local curvature of the ellipsoid and Coriolis acceleration between times t 0 and t e are neglected.
- the duration between two shifts can be from a few seconds to a few tens of seconds depending on the dynamics of the vehicle carrying the navigation device.
- the device may comprise one or more inertial measurement units arranged in the vicinity of each other (or not), at any point of the aircraft and in particular not necessarily in the vicinity of the center of gravity.
- the integrations are optional if the risk of data transmission failure between the inertial measurement unit 100 and the electronic navigation calculation unit is sufficiently low to be acceptable with regard to the envisaged application.
- the location signals can be developed differently from those described and for example correspond only to data integrated from successive instants of start of integration and not from a single instant of start of integration.
- the correction signals can feed one or more hybridized navigation algorithms.
- the first cadence can be between 100 Hz and 400 Hz and the second cadence can be between 0.1 Hz and 1 Hz: alternatively, they can have values different from these.
- the cadences can be identical to each other.
- the respective transmission rates of the signals may be different from those indicated.
- the correction data used to realign the hybrid location can come from any source external to inertial navigation, for example the positions of a radiolocation receiver but not only (stellar sighting or other).
- the worst case error in calculating the projection of specific forces due to temporal discretization (t 2 ⁇ ti) is vertically and horizontally with (i)S the scaffold pulsation (approximately 1/840 rad/s).
- a time step (t 2 -ti) of four seconds can sometimes be insufficiently precise for certain applications.
- the invention can be implemented by calculations other than those presented in detail and for example without using the corrected inertial reference frame.
- the invention is applicable for any type of vehicle whether land, water or air.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2214141A FR3144276B1 (fr) | 2022-12-21 | 2022-12-21 | Dispositif et procédé de navigation utilisant des données de correction dans une UMI distante |
| PCT/EP2023/085234 WO2024132657A1 (fr) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-12 | Dispositif et procede de navigation utilisant des donnees de correction dans une umi distante |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4639085A1 true EP4639085A1 (fr) | 2025-10-29 |
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ID=86272310
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23833309.0A Pending EP4639085A1 (fr) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-12 | Dispositif et procede de navigation utilisant des donnees de correction dans une umi distante |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20260219050A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4639085A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN120548457A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3144276B1 (fr) |
| IL (1) | IL321650A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024132657A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW577975B (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2004-03-01 | American Gnc Corp | Core inertial measurement unit |
| US7668655B2 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2010-02-23 | Honeywell International Inc. | Navigation component modeling system and method |
| US7579984B2 (en) * | 2005-11-23 | 2009-08-25 | The Boeing Company | Ultra-tightly coupled GPS and inertial navigation system for agile platforms |
| US8457891B1 (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2013-06-04 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for compensating nonlinearities in a navigational model |
| US10317214B2 (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2019-06-11 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Inertial odometry with retroactive sensor calibration |
| US10955261B2 (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2021-03-23 | Rosemount Aerospace Inc. | Air data attitude reference system |
-
2022
- 2022-12-21 FR FR2214141A patent/FR3144276B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-12-12 CN CN202380091904.7A patent/CN120548457A/zh active Pending
- 2023-12-12 US US19/142,050 patent/US20260219050A1/en active Pending
- 2023-12-12 EP EP23833309.0A patent/EP4639085A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-12-12 WO PCT/EP2023/085234 patent/WO2024132657A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-12-12 IL IL321650A patent/IL321650A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN120548457A (zh) | 2025-08-26 |
| IL321650A (en) | 2025-08-01 |
| FR3144276B1 (fr) | 2025-01-17 |
| WO2024132657A1 (fr) | 2024-06-27 |
| US20260219050A1 (en) | 2026-07-30 |
| FR3144276A1 (fr) | 2024-06-28 |
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