EP4627700A1 - Rotor pour machine electrique comprenant au moins deux barrieres de flux avec des lignes medianes concaves - Google Patents
Rotor pour machine electrique comprenant au moins deux barrieres de flux avec des lignes medianes concavesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4627700A1 EP4627700A1 EP23812857.3A EP23812857A EP4627700A1 EP 4627700 A1 EP4627700 A1 EP 4627700A1 EP 23812857 A EP23812857 A EP 23812857A EP 4627700 A1 EP4627700 A1 EP 4627700A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- int
- barrier
- internal
- recesses
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
- H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a synchro-reluctant rotating electric machine (assisted by permanent magnets) and more particularly concerns the particular architecture of a rotor of such a machine.
- such an electric machine comprises a stator and a rotor arranged coaxially one inside the other.
- the rotor consists of a rotor body with a stack of sheets placed on a rotor shaft. These sheets include housings for permanent magnets and perforations to create flux barriers making it possible to radially direct the magnetic flux from the magnets towards the stator and to promote the creation of a reluctant torque, and to lighten this rotor to reduce the centrifugal forces that the stack of sheet metal must withstand.
- This rotor is generally housed inside a stator which carries electrical windings making it possible to generate a magnetic field making it possible to rotate the rotor.
- the rotor of a synchro-reluctant machine comprises a plurality of axial recesses which pass through the sheets from side to side.
- a first series of axial recesses arranged radially above each other and at a distance from each other, form housings for magnetic flux generators, here magnets permanent in the form of a rectangular bar.
- the other series of recesses consists of perforations with an inclined radial direction, which start from these housings to arrive near the edge of the sheets, near the air gap.
- the inclined perforations are arranged symmetrically in relation to the housings of the magnets so as to each time form a geometric figure substantially in the shape of a V with a flattened bottom with the flat bottom formed by the housing of the magnets and with the inclined arms of this V formed by the perforations. This creates flow barriers formed by the perforations.
- the magnetic flux coming from the permanent magnets can then only pass through the solid parts between the perforations. These solid parts are made of a ferromagnetic material.
- the technical problem that we propose to solve consists of improving the performance of electrical machines by increasing the share of synchro-reluctance in the torque (we therefore seek to maximize the reluctant torque), and if possible by minimizing the quantity of permanent magnets required.
- the invention relates to a rotor for an electric machine comprising:
- a rotor body formed by a stack of sheets, preferably configured to be positioned on a rotor shaft, the rotor body being defined by a cylindrical internal surface of internal diameter and by a cylindrical external surface of external diameter and
- each magnetic pole comprising at least two flux barriers located radially one above the other, each flux barrier comprising at least one recess, each magnetic pole comprising at least one permanent magnet in a recess.
- the center lines of the first and second flux barriers of each magnetic pole starting from the center towards the outside of the rotor, are concave lines without discontinuities. In cross section, each center line intersects the cylindrical outer surface of the rotor body at two end points, and includes a radial axis of symmetry.
- the radial straight line passing through each end point of the center line of the first flow barrier forms an angle between 21°/(2*p) and 31°/(2*p) with the radial plane of nearest separation and the radial line passing through each end point of the center line of the second flow barrier forms an angle between 57°/(2*p) and 67°/(2*p) with the plane nearest separation radial.
- the first barrier comprises three permanent magnets, one in each recess, in which the second flux barrier comprises two permanent magnets, one in each lateral recess and the third and possible fourth flux barriers do not comprise permanent magnets.
- each magnetic pole includes at least one permanent magnet in a recess.
- the outer diameter of the rotor body is twice the outer radius of the rotor body; the inner diameter of the rotor body is twice the inner radius of the rotor body.
- the center lines of the first and second flux barriers of each magnetic pole are concave lines without discontinuities.
- center line a line which is equidistant from the edges of the flow barrier (which respectively face the center and the periphery of the rotor), this center line is defined in a cross section of the rotor (i.e. i.e. in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotor).
- the first flux barrier starting from the center (of the axis) towards the outside of the rotor, corresponds to the internal flux barrier, that is to say the one which is closest to the axis of the rotor.
- the second flux barrier starting from the center (of the axis) towards the outside of the rotor, therefore corresponds to the next flux barrier closest to the rotor axis, after the first flux barrier.
- line “without discontinuities” we mean that the line concerned is entirely differentiable and that there does not exist a point where the derivative on one side of the point is not equal to the derivative on the other side of the point .
- the center line also crosses the magnetic bridge. In other words, a magnetic bridge does not form a centerline discontinuity.
- all the flow barriers of the rotor can have concave center lines without discontinuities.
- each centerline intersects the cylindrical outer surface of the rotor body (it intersects the rotor body on its outer diameter) at two end points.
- the first center line intersects the circle representing the outer surface of the rotor body (cylindrical outer surface) at said two first end points.
- each centerline includes a radial axis of symmetry, the intersection of each centerline and its axis of symmetry being an internal point at a distance corresponding to an internal radius of the center (of the axis) of said rotor body .
- the tangent to the midline is perpendicular to the radial axis of symmetry.
- the center line has no discontinuities at the internal point, the derivative on one side of the center line then being equal to the derivative on the other side of the center line. Symmetry allows optimization of the mechanical performance of the electrical machine.
- the internal radius Ri1 of the internal point of the center line of the first barrier satisfies R int + (R ext - R int ) ⁇ (0.105 ⁇ p + 0.147 - 0.05) ⁇ RU ⁇ R int + ( R ext - R int ) ⁇ (0.105 ⁇ p + 0.147 + 0.05) (for example in millimeters) and the internal radius Ri2 of the internal point of the center line of the second barrier satisfies R int + (R ext - R int ) ⁇ (0.066 ⁇ p + 0.519 - 0.05) ⁇ R12 ⁇ R int + (R ext - R int ) ⁇ (0.066 ⁇ p + 0.519 + 0.05) (for example in millimeter) with p the number of pairs of magnetic poles, R ex t being the external radius of the rotor body, corresponding to half the external diameter of the rotor body, R int being the internal radius
- the radial straight line passing through each end point of the center line of the first flow barrier can form an angle of between 21°/(2*p) and 31°/(2*p) with the radial plane nearest separation, p being the number of pairs of magnetic poles, and the radial line passing through each end point of the center line of the second flux barrier can form an angle between 57°/(2*p ) and 67°/(2*p) with the nearest radial plane of separation.
- the specific positioning of these end points makes it possible to improve the effect of the flow barriers and to increase the reluctance torque.
- each flux barrier may comprise zero, one, two or three permanent magnets.
- one flux barrier may include three permanent magnets and another flux barrier may include a single magnet.
- the rotor can be adapted to different intended operating or application conditions.
- the permanent magnet(s) may have a curved shape adapted to the shape of the recesses of the flow barriers. Thanks to this shape adapted to the recesses of the flow barriers, it is possible to optimize the quantity of permanent magnets in the curved recesses, which makes it possible to increase the performance of the electrical machine.
- the use of curved magnets adapted to the shape of the recesses makes it possible to increase the reluctance torque while the use of prismatic or rectangular bar-shaped magnets according to the prior art results in a reduction in the reluctance torque due to the unsuitable shape.
- the curved magnets can in particular be obtained for example by machining or by any similar method.
- each magnetic pole of the rotor body can comprise three or four flux barriers. Indeed, the more each magnetic pole includes flux barriers, the better the magnetic field is guided. The number of three or four barriers offers an excellent compromise between expected performance and manufacturing complexity.
- the first and second flow barriers can each have (can include) three recesses (preferably only three recesses).
- One of the three recesses of these first and second flow barriers is a central recess: it is positioned on the radial axis of symmetry and it is symmetrical on either side of this radial axis of symmetry.
- the other two recesses of the first and second flow barriers are side (peripheral) recesses, a side recess on each side of the central recess.
- the side recesses can be symmetrical with respect to each other with respect to the radial axis of symmetry.
- the two lateral recesses are thus positioned and spaced on either side of a central recess.
- each internal flow barrier substantially form a U (according to a section transverse to the axis of the rotor, which corresponds to the plane of a sheet constituting the rotor body), the bottom of the U being formed by the central recess , and the opposite segments of the U being formed by the lateral recesses.
- the sheets of the rotor body can be made of ferromagnetic material so as to guide the magnetic flux created by permanent magnets and possibly the stator winding.
- the flow barrier recesses can be obtained by perforations in the stacked laminations forming the rotor body, and the magnetic bridges are formed by the lamination itself.
- the third flow barrier can comprise (or consist of) two recesses (which are two lateral recesses symmetrical with respect to each other with respect to the radial axis of symmetry) and the possible fourth flow barrier can also comprise (or consist of) two recesses (which are two lateral recesses symmetrical with respect to each other with respect to the radial axis of symmetry).
- Such a rotor thus makes it possible to better guide the magnetic field towards the stator and to increase the reluctance torque.
- the first flux barrier may comprise three (and preferably only three) permanent magnets, one in each recess, and the second flux barrier may comprise two (and preferably only two) permanent magnets, one in each side recess.
- the third and possible fourth flux barriers do not include permanent magnets. This configuration makes it possible to maximize the torque and power density of the electric machine, by limiting the quantity of permanent magnets necessary. Limiting the number of permanent magnets also makes it possible to reduce industrial constraints on the dimensions of permanent magnets as well as the manufacturing cost.
- said number p of pairs of magnetic poles can be between 2 and 9, preferably between 3 and 6, and is preferably 4. These numbers of magnetic poles give good performance to electrical machines.
- the magnets can then have a suitable shape with a decreasing thickness, corresponding to the width of the recesses in which they are inserted, from the center towards the outside of the rotor body.
- the rotor 2 comprises a rotor body defined by a cylindrical internal surface of internal radius R int and by a cylindrical external surface of external radius R ext .
- Rotor 2 has three pairs of magnetic poles (the figure representing one third of the rotor shows two magnetic poles, rotor 2 therefore has a total of six magnetic poles).
- Each magnetic pole of the rotor here comprises four flux barriers, located radially above each other, from the center outwards.
- the first flow barrier that is to say the internal flow barrier closest to the axis of rotation of the rotor, is defined by the first center line L1 while the second flow barrier is defined by the second midline L2.
- the third and fourth flow barriers are defined by the third and fourth center lines L3 and L4.
- the first, second, third and fourth median lines L1, L2, L3 and L4 are concave and have no discontinuities.
- the first flow barrier comprises at least three recesses: a central recess 6 and two lateral recesses 5a and 5b. In each of these recesses, a permanent magnet is placed (shown in black on one of the magnetic poles and in dark gray on the other magnetic pole).
- the second flow barrier comprises at least 3 recesses: a central recess 8 and two lateral recesses 7a and 7b.
- a permanent magnet is placed in each of the side recesses 7a and 7b (shown in black on one of the magnetic poles and in dark gray on the other magnetic pole).
- the central recess 8 is left empty (without permanent magnet).
- the third and fourth flow barrier each comprise two side recesses 9 in which no permanent magnet is placed. These flow barriers do not have a central recess.
- the shape of the permanent magnets is adapted to the shape of the recesses while on the contrary, in the prior art, the recesses are of substantially rectangular section in order to be adapted to the substantially rectangular shape permanent magnets.
- the permanent magnets in Figure 1 have a curved shape and follow the first and second center lines L1 and L2 of the flux barriers on which they are placed.
- the quantity of permanent magnets is optimized and the torque and power density of the electric machine is improved.
- Figure 2 illustrates, in a schematic and non-limiting manner, the details of the flow barriers of the rotor for an electric machine according to the invention.
- Figure 2 illustrates a portion of a rotor body of a rotor 2 for an electric machine.
- the rotor body is defined by a cylindrical internal surface of internal radius 3 capable of engaging on a rotor shaft and by a cylindrical external surface of external radius 4, substantially equal to the internal radius of the stator of the electric machine.
- the first flux barrier that is to say the internal flux barrier closest to the axis of rotation of the rotor, is defined by the first center line L1.
- the second flow barrier comprises at least 3 recesses: a central recess 8 and two lateral recesses 7a and 7b.
- a permanent magnet is placed in each of the side recesses 7a and 7b (shown in black on one of the magnetic poles and in dark gray on the other magnetic pole).
- the central recess 8 is left empty (without permanent magnet).
- the third and fourth flow barriers each comprise two side recesses 9 in which no permanent magnet is placed. These flow barriers do not have a central recess.
- the quantity of permanent magnets is optimized and the torque and power density of the electric machine is improved.
- the first center line L1 is defined by two end points 10 and 11 located at the level of the intersection of the center line with the cylindrical external surface of the rotor body of external radius 4, according to a section in a plane orthogonal to the 'rotation axis. In fact, in such a section, the inner and outer surfaces of the rotor body are represented by circles.
- the first center line L1 is also defined by an internal point 12 located on the radial axis of symmetry AA, this internal point being located at a distance equal to a first internal radius Ri1 from the center.
- the center line is perpendicular to the radial axis of symmetry AA.
- the second center line, and optionally the third center line and preferably the fourth center line are each defined by two end points located at the level of the intersection of the center line concerned with the cylindrical external surface of the rotor body, according to a section in a plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation. Indeed, in such a section, the cylindrical internal and external surfaces of the rotor body are represented by circles. The radial lines passing through the points of intersection of each median line form an angle with the nearest separation plane.
- Each center line is also defined by an internal point located on the radial axis of symmetry AA, this internal point being located at a distance equal to an internal radius from the center.
- the center line concerned is perpendicular to the radial axis of symmetry AA.
- the width of the recesses could be constant from the internal point towards the end points. This configuration simplifies the manufacture of the magnets (which then have a constant thickness to adapt to the constant width of the recesses in which they are inserted).
- the shape of the center lines, in particular the first two center lines, starting from the center outwards can be optimized.
- the internal radius Ri 1 of the internal point of the center line of the first barrier satisfies R int + (R ext - R int ) ⁇ (0.105 ⁇ p + 0.147 - 0.05) ⁇ Ril ⁇ R int + (R ext - R int ) ⁇ (0.105 ⁇ p + 0.147 + 0.05) and when the internal radius Ri2 of the point internal of the center line of the second barrier verifies R int + R ext - R int ) ⁇ (0.066 ⁇ p + 0.519 - 0.05) ⁇ R12 ⁇ R int + R ext - R int ) ⁇ (0.066 ⁇ p + 0.519 + 0.05), p being the number of magnetic pole pairs, R ex t being the outer radius of the rotor body, R int being
- the topology of the specific rotor of the invention, as well as of the electrical machine according to the invention, makes it possible to reduce the quantity of permanent magnets necessary and therefore of rare earths.
- it offers the advantage of maximizing the torque per unit mass of the magnet consumed with in particular the production of reluctant torque (independent of the magnet and accounting for more than 50% of the total torque) and synchronous torque (dependent on the magnet).
- the characteristics of the electric machine in which the rotor according to the invention and the rotor of the prior art are installed are as follows: length: 175mm rotor outer diameter: 120mm (rotor outer radius: 60mm) rotor inner diameter: 36mm (rotor radius: internal rotor: 18mm)
- the rotor of the invention corresponds to that of Figure 1 with three pairs of magnetic poles, each magnetic pole comprising four flux barriers, the first two flux barriers, starting from the center outwards verifying the following conditions: the internal radius Ri 1 of the internal point of the center line of the first barrier satisfies Rint + C ⁇ ext — ⁇ int) ' (0.105 ⁇ p + 0.147 — 0.05) ⁇ RH ⁇ R[ n t + R e xt ⁇ in ' (0.105 ⁇ p + 0.147 + 0.05) the internal radius Ri2 of the internal point of the center line of the second barrier satisfies Rint + R ext - Rint ' (0.066 ⁇ p + 0.519 - 0.05) ⁇ R12 ⁇ R int + (R ext - R int ) ⁇ (0.066 ⁇ p + 0.519 + 0.05), p being the number of magnetic pole pairs, R ex t being the outer radius of the rotor body, R
- the internal point of the first median line is located on an internal radius of 37.7 mm from the center;
- the internal point of the second center line is located on an internal radius of 47.7 mm from the center;
- the first median line is defined by two end points, the straight line passing through these end points forming an angle of 4° with the closest separation plane on each side;
- the internal point of the first center line is located on an internal radius of 42.1 mm from the center;
- the internal point of the second median line is located on an internal radius of 51.19 mm from the center;
- the first median line is defined by two end points, the straight line passing through these end points forming an angle of 3.5° with the closest separation plane on each side;
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2212580A FR3142621A1 (fr) | 2022-11-30 | 2022-11-30 | Rotor pour machine électrique comprenant au moins deux barrières de flux avec des lignes médianes concaves |
| FR2304008A FR3142622A1 (fr) | 2022-11-30 | 2023-04-20 | Rotor pour machine électrique comprenant au moins deux barrières de flux avec des lignes médianes concaves |
| PCT/EP2023/081856 WO2024115104A1 (fr) | 2022-11-30 | 2023-11-15 | Rotor pour machine electrique comprenant au moins deux barrieres de flux avec des lignes medianes concaves |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4627700A1 true EP4627700A1 (fr) | 2025-10-08 |
Family
ID=88965513
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23812857.3A Pending EP4627700A1 (fr) | 2022-11-30 | 2023-11-15 | Rotor pour machine electrique comprenant au moins deux barrieres de flux avec des lignes medianes concaves |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4627700A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2025537962A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN120283346A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024115104A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003348779A (ja) | 2002-05-24 | 2003-12-05 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 電動機 |
| WO2013150652A1 (fr) | 2012-04-06 | 2013-10-10 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Rotor et moteur électrique à aimant permanent encastré |
| JP5969946B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-08-17 | 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 | 同期リラクタンスモータ |
| FR3084535B1 (fr) | 2018-07-24 | 2020-07-17 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Rotor de machine electrique avec poles asymetriques |
| DE102018128146A1 (de) * | 2018-11-09 | 2020-05-14 | Brusa Elektronik Ag | Rotor für einen Synchron-Antriebsmotor |
-
2023
- 2023-11-15 WO PCT/EP2023/081856 patent/WO2024115104A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-11-15 EP EP23812857.3A patent/EP4627700A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-11-15 CN CN202380081560.1A patent/CN120283346A/zh active Pending
- 2023-11-15 JP JP2025531374A patent/JP2025537962A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN120283346A (zh) | 2025-07-08 |
| JP2025537962A (ja) | 2025-11-20 |
| WO2024115104A1 (fr) | 2024-06-06 |
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