EP4626741A1 - Systeme electrique d'alimentation pour vehicule - Google Patents
Systeme electrique d'alimentation pour vehiculeInfo
- Publication number
- EP4626741A1 EP4626741A1 EP23810040.8A EP23810040A EP4626741A1 EP 4626741 A1 EP4626741 A1 EP 4626741A1 EP 23810040 A EP23810040 A EP 23810040A EP 4626741 A1 EP4626741 A1 EP 4626741A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- power
- cell
- battery
- voltage
- power supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/19—Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/52—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/56—Active balancing, e.g. using capacitor-based, inductor-based or DC-DC converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2105/30—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles
- H02J2105/33—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles
- H02J2105/37—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Details of circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of hybrid or electric vehicles, and more precisely to an electrical power system for a hybrid or electric vehicle.
- an electric or hybrid vehicle comprises an electric vehicle propulsion machine, as well as a so-called “traction” storage battery capable of being connected to the electric machine or to other equipment.
- a so-called “traction” inverter in particular, is connected between the battery and the electric machine and makes it possible to convert the direct voltage supplied by the battery into a three-phase alternating voltage in order to power each phase of the electric machine.
- the vehicle also includes an internal electrical power supply network making it possible to power the vehicle's electrical equipment (for example the windshield wipers, headlights, dashboard indicator lights, etc.).
- the vehicle more precisely comprises a so-called “low voltage” network and a so-called “high voltage” network.
- the voltage supplied by the low voltage network is for example 12 or 14 V.
- the vehicle also includes an auxiliary battery capable of supplying the low voltage network and a DC-DC voltage converter.
- the DC-DC converter can be connected between the auxiliary battery and the battery, in order to recharge the auxiliary battery or it can also be connected between the battery and the low voltage network in order to supply the low voltage network.
- the traction battery and the auxiliary battery are in reality each made up of a set of battery cells, in other words a set of elementary electrochemical cells, connected together statically.
- the charge level of each battery depends on the state of charge of each cell.
- the electrical and energy characteristics of the cells constituting a battery are not identical and vary over time and depending on their demands. THE sizing of each battery must also take into consideration the aging phenomena and the performance of each cell, which is restrictive.
- the components of the converter and the inverter are dimensioned so that the voltage supplied by the converter and the inverter are each defined over a wide range of voltages.
- the sizing of each of these elements is not carried out for an optimal operating voltage, this can cause greater conversion losses than when the sizing is carried out for an optimal operating voltage. Additionally, it is also more difficult to precisely control the output voltage of each converter and/or inverter.
- the invention relates to an electrical power system for an electric or hybrid vehicle, the vehicle comprising an electrical power bus capable of powering electrical equipment mounted in the vehicle, said system comprising: a) a DC-DC voltage converter, b) at least two power cells each comprising: i. a rectifier capable of supplying an alternating voltage from a direct voltage and vice versa, ii. a battery, electrically connected to the rectifier, capable of operating in a discharge mode, in which the battery is capable of supplying a direct voltage and capable of operating in a charging mode in which the battery is capable of recharging from a continuous voltage, iii.
- a switching cell comprising switches capable of connecting the battery to the converter, c) a first set of switches capable of connecting the battery of a power cell to the battery of the neighboring power cell, in order to connect the batteries in series, d) a second set of switches capable of connecting all of the batteries connected in series to the electrical power bus, e) a control unit configured to control the first set of switches, the second set of switches and each switch of each switching cell.
- the invention here relates to a power supply system capable of powering a power bus using a DC-DC voltage converter connected to a battery included in one of the power cells. Furthermore, the power system also makes it possible to power electrical equipment connected to the rectifier, thanks to the electrical energy supplied by the power bus via the power cells. The power system is thus advantageously bidirectional.
- the power system is configured to operate according to a first operating mode in which: a) the rectifier of each power cell is connected to an alternating voltage, b) the DC-DC converter is connected on the one hand to one of the power cells and on the other hand to the electrical power bus in order to supply the supply bus with electrical energy.
- the power supply system comprises a connection module capable of electrically connecting each power cell to an electrical supply network capable of supplying an alternating voltage or to electrical equipment external to the vehicle capable of being powered from an alternating voltage: a) if the alternating voltage supplied by the supply network, or if the voltage necessary to power the electrical equipment, is single-phase, the connection module is capable of connecting the single-phase voltage to at least one power cell, b) if the alternating voltage supplied by the power network, or if the voltage necessary to power the electrical equipment, is three-phase, the module connection is capable of connecting each phase of said voltage to a power supply cell.
- the power system not only makes it possible to power each power cell, and therefore each battery, and also makes it possible to power the power bus via the DC-DC converter, from a single-phase or three-phase voltage.
- the power system when the power system operates according to the first operating mode: a) the first set of switches and the second set of switches are open, b) the switches of the switching cell of one of the power cells are closed so as to connect said power cell to the DC-DC converter.
- each battery is isolated from the other batteries, this makes it possible to give a different function to each of the batteries: one of the batteries is connected to the DC-DC converter and the other battery(ies) are recharged with electrical energy.
- the power supply system comprises three power cells.
- the power supply system comprises three power cells.
- For a three-phase alternating voltage it is usual and essential to have one power cell per phase of said alternating voltage.
- connection module comprises: a. a first connection terminal electrically connected to the first power cell, b. a second connection terminal, c. a third connection terminal, d. a first switch, capable of connecting the second power cell to the first connection terminal or to the second connection terminal, e. a second switch capable of connecting the third power cell to the first connection terminal or to the third connection terminal.
- the voltage supplied on the first connection terminal is single-phase and powers the first power cell, said voltage can also power the second and the third power cell.
- the voltage supplied on the first connection terminal is three-phase: each phase is connected to a connection terminal, itself connected to a power supply cell.
- the charging of a battery is carried out simultaneously with the supply of the power bus, from single-phase or three-phase voltage.
- the invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising an electrical power bus capable of powering electrical equipment mounted in the vehicle and an electrical power system as presented previously.
- the method makes it possible to simultaneously power the power bus from a battery via the DC/DC converter, and to recharge the one or more other batteries. This process is simple to implement since it is done by commanding the opening or closing of certain switches.
- Figure 1 is an electronic diagram representing the power supply system according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is an electronic diagram representing the first operating mode of the power system according to Figure 1.
- Figure 3 is an electronic diagram representing the second operating mode of the power system according to Figure 1.
- the vehicle notably includes an HV electrical power bus.
- the HV electric power bus is capable of supplying electrical energy to various electrical equipment on board the vehicle. Even more precisely, the power bus includes a positive HV+ terminal and a negative HV- terminal.
- the vehicle also includes an electrical power system 1.
- the power supply system 1 comprises at least two power cells 10, 20, 30, a connection module 40, a DC-DC voltage converter 50 and a control unit (not shown in the figures).
- Each power cell 10, 20, 30 comprises a rectifier r1, r2, r3, a battery B1, B2, B3 and a switching cell C, C20, C30.
- Each rectifier r1, r2, r3 includes two input terminals and two output terminals.
- the battery B1, B2, B3 of each power cell 10, 20, 30 is able to operate in a discharge mode, in which the battery B1, B2, B3 is able to provide a direct voltage.
- the value of the direct voltage supplied by each battery B1, B2, B3 can also be controlled.
- the battery B1, B2, B3 of each power cell 10, 20, 30 is also capable of operating in a charging mode in which the battery B1, B2, B3 recharges.
- the first switch 110, I20, I30 of each power cell 10, 20, 30 makes it possible to connect a first terminal of the battery B1, B2, B3 to a terminal of the DC-DC converter 50.
- each power cell 10, 20, 30 comprises a coil L1, L2, L3, connected to the input of the rectifier r1, r2, r3, in other words, a coil is connected on the one hand to the rectifier r1, r2, r3 and intended to be connected on the other hand to an alternating voltage.
- the power supply system 1 also includes a first set of switches I3 and a second set of switches I4.
- the first set of switches I3 comprises: a. a switch connected on the one hand to the battery B1 of the first power cell Cw and on the other hand to the battery B2 of the second power cell C20, b. a switch connected on the one hand to the battery B2 of the second power cell C20, on the other hand to the battery B3 of the third power cell C30.
- the second set of switches I4 makes it possible to connect the battery B1 of the first power cell C10 to the HV power bus, in particular in order to connect the branch of batteries B1, B2, B3 connected in series between the terminal positive HV+ and the negative HV- terminal of the HV power bus.
- connection module 40 When the connection module 40 is connected to electrical equipment, then at least one battery B1, B2, B3 of the at least one power cell 10, 20, 30 connected to said connection module 40 makes it possible to supply energy to said equipment.
- connection module 40 is capable of connecting the single-phase voltage to at least one power cell 10, 20, 30. If the alternating voltage supplied by the power network, or if the voltage necessary to power the electrical equipment, is three-phase, then the connection module 40 is capable of connecting each phase of said alternating voltage to a power supply cell 10, 20, 30 which is specific to it.
- each phase of said voltage is connected to a connection terminal 41, 42, 43 which is clean. Conversely, when the alternating voltage supplied by the power supply network, or when the voltage necessary to power the electrical equipment, is single-phase, the phase of said voltage is connected to the first connection terminal 41.
- a second switch I6 configured for: i) according to a first position: connect the first connection terminal 41 to the third power cell 30, and more precisely to an input terminal of the rectifier r3 of the third power cell 30, ii) according to a second position: in particular when the alternating voltage supplied by the network power supply, or when the voltage necessary to power the electrical equipment is three-phase, connect the third connection terminal 43 to the third power cell 30, and more precisely to an input terminal of the rectifier r3 of the third power cell 30.
- connection module 40 is also connected to the neutral line of the alternating voltage and the connection module 40 is configured to connect the neutral line to the second input terminal of each rectifier r1, r2, r3 .
- each power cell 10, 20, 30 can also include an EMC filter, for “electromagnetic compatibility”, connected between each rectifier r1, r2, r3 and the connection module 40, and more precisely between the coil L1, L2, L3 and the connection module 40.
- one of the power cells 10, 20, 30 is connected to the DC-DC converter 50.
- this is the first power cell 10.
- the switches 110, 110' of the switching cell C10 of the power cell 10 are closed.
- this makes it possible to connect a phase to the first power cell 10, itself connected to the DC-DC converter 50, itself connected between the positive terminal HV+ and the negative terminal HV- of the HV power bus.
- the power supply system 1 operates according to a third operating mode, in the case where electrical equipment external to the vehicle is connected to the connection module 40, the voltage necessary for the operation of the equipment being three-phase.
- each phase of the voltage is connected to a connection terminal 41, 42, 43 which is specific to it (and therefore to a power supply cell 10, 20, 30 which is specific to it) and the first switch I5 and the second switch I6 of the connection module 40 are in the second position.
- the first switch set I3 and the second switch set I4 are open, so that each battery B1, B2, B3 is not connected to the battery B1, B2, B3 of the power cell 10, 20, 30 neighbor.
- each battery B1, B2, B3 supplies a phase of the voltage making it possible to power the electrical equipment connected to the connection module 40.
- connection module 40 it is also possible to implement the first and second operating modes for a power supply network supplying a single-phase voltage.
- the power supply system 1 allows, from a single-phase or three-phase voltage, to power the HV power bus of the vehicle from the DC-DC voltage converter 50 while allowing the battery of the power cell(s) 10, 20, 30 not connected to the DC-DC voltage converter 50 to discharge in order to power electrical equipment or to charge. It is also possible to modify the power cell 10, 20, 30 connected to the converter 50. Thus, it is not always the same battery B1, B2, B3 which discharges or which charges. This makes it possible to balance the discharge levels between all the batteries B1, B2, B3 of the power system 1.
- the control method comprises a step consisting of connecting the rectifier r1, r2, r3 of each power cell 10, 20, 30 to an alternating voltage, in particular via the connection module 40.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2212381A FR3142399A1 (fr) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | Système électrique d’alimentation pour véhicule |
| PCT/EP2023/082533 WO2024115197A1 (fr) | 2022-11-28 | 2023-11-21 | Systeme electrique d'alimentation pour vehiculeid50000149811666 pub copy null filing no.:17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4626741A1 true EP4626741A1 (fr) | 2025-10-08 |
Family
ID=85122023
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23810040.8A Pending EP4626741A1 (fr) | 2022-11-28 | 2023-11-21 | Systeme electrique d'alimentation pour vehicule |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20260116194A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4626741A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN120282895A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3142399A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024115197A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013212682B4 (de) * | 2013-06-28 | 2017-03-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Energiespeichereinrichtung mit Gleichspannungsversorgungsschaltung und Verfahren zum Bereitstellen einer Gleichspannung aus einer Energiespeichereinrichtung |
| DE102016123923A1 (de) * | 2016-12-09 | 2018-06-14 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Ladevorrichtung |
| DE102016125720A1 (de) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-06-28 | Universität der Bundeswehr München | Niedervoltauskopplung aus einem modularen Energiespeicher-Umrichtersystem |
| DE102020209673A1 (de) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-03 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Ladesäule zum Laden eines Stromspeichers eines Elektrofahrzeugs |
-
2022
- 2022-11-28 FR FR2212381A patent/FR3142399A1/fr active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-11-21 CN CN202380081533.4A patent/CN120282895A/zh active Pending
- 2023-11-21 EP EP23810040.8A patent/EP4626741A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-11-21 US US19/117,795 patent/US20260116194A1/en active Pending
- 2023-11-21 WO PCT/EP2023/082533 patent/WO2024115197A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20260116194A1 (en) | 2026-04-30 |
| CN120282895A (zh) | 2025-07-08 |
| WO2024115197A1 (fr) | 2024-06-06 |
| FR3142399A1 (fr) | 2024-05-31 |
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