EP4623433A1 - Systeme de gestion de trajectoire d'atterrissage d'urgence d'un drone ou aeronef sans pilote - Google Patents
Systeme de gestion de trajectoire d'atterrissage d'urgence d'un drone ou aeronef sans piloteInfo
- Publication number
- EP4623433A1 EP4623433A1 EP23793906.1A EP23793906A EP4623433A1 EP 4623433 A1 EP4623433 A1 EP 4623433A1 EP 23793906 A EP23793906 A EP 23793906A EP 4623433 A1 EP4623433 A1 EP 4623433A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- trajectory
- landing
- drone
- emergency
- emergency landing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/20—Arrangements for acquiring, generating, sharing or displaying traffic information
- G08G5/26—Transmission of traffic-related information between aircraft and ground stations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/20—Arrangements for acquiring, generating, sharing or displaying traffic information
- G08G5/21—Arrangements for acquiring, generating, sharing or displaying traffic information located onboard the aircraft
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/20—Arrangements for acquiring, generating, sharing or displaying traffic information
- G08G5/22—Arrangements for acquiring, generating, sharing or displaying traffic information located on the ground
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/30—Flight plan management
- G08G5/34—Flight plan management for flight plan modification
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/50—Navigation or guidance aids
- G08G5/54—Navigation or guidance aids for approach or landing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/50—Navigation or guidance aids
- G08G5/55—Navigation or guidance aids for a single aircraft
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/50—Navigation or guidance aids
- G08G5/57—Navigation or guidance aids for unmanned aircraft
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G5/00—Traffic control systems for aircraft
- G08G5/50—Navigation or guidance aids
- G08G5/58—Navigation or guidance aids for emergency situations, e.g. hijacking or bird strikes
Definitions
- the invention relates to unmanned aircraft or drones.
- the invention concerns the determination of an emergency landing solution in the event of a critical hazard requiring rapid landing in an area which does not cause human loss. Hazards may be due to weather, a breakdown of an on-board system or loss of location.
- the invention aims to resolve the problem of making the decision to interrupt a mission far from the operator who does not have a correct reconstruction of the environment, particularly in the event of transmission delays. information from the drone, due to its distance or even a loss of transmission.
- a level of critical energy autonomy a energy monitoring detects that the drone no longer has the capacity to reach the nearest predetermined landing zone; degradation of flight performance following an actuator failure, excessive wind or a structural problem following an impact with an external element, for which monitoring the position of the drone in relation to the trajectory makes it possible to detect that the
- an emergency mode is defined so that the drone responds to the critical hazard.
- a system for managing the emergency landing trajectory of a drone comprising: a ground control station comprising a first computer provided with: a control module continuous determination of a first emergency landing trajectory taking into account the last value of at least one parameter representative of the operation or the environment of the drone, received from the drone, and a database of landings emergency, configured to calculate the first emergency landing trajectory from a path-finding type algorithm, the emergency landing database, and the last received value of the operating parameter(s) or environment of the drone; and a module for verifying the first trajectory, from the emergency landing database; and a control unit on board the drone comprising a second computer, comprising: a module for continuously determining a second emergency landing trajectory from the emergency landing database and the current value at least one operating or environmental parameter of the drone, configured to calculate the second emergency landing trajectory by comprising, for each emergency landing point, a lateral trajectory calculation, a vertical trajectory calculation , and configured to verify that the emergency trajectory is secure in a safety corridor, from the
- the landing database includes polygonal landing zones, no-fly zones, and obstacles.
- the landing database includes landing points with an associated final approach axis and an associated altitude, no-flight zones, and obstacles.
- the module for continuously determining a second emergency landing trajectory is configured to calculate emergency landing points by defining a landing point search sector, by identifying the segments of the polygons directly visible in a straight line, and for each landing point: determine a final approach axis for each landing point; and verify compliance with a safety corridor of the trajectory avoiding no-fly zones and obstacles.
- the module for continuously determining a second emergency landing trajectory is configured to evaluate the landing points, from the closest to the farthest, by calculating a lateral trajectory, a trajectory vertical emergency landing, and an associated safety corridor.
- FIG.1 schematically illustrates an emergency landing trajectory management system for a drone, according to one aspect of the invention.
- FIG.2 schematically illustrates a database of emergency poses, according to one aspect of the invention;
- FIG.3 schematically illustrates the identification on board the drone of the landing zones of a database of emergency landings, according to one aspect of the invention
- FIG.5 schematically illustrates an evaluation on board the drone of the evolution of a candidate landing point, along a vertical trajectory, according to one aspect of the invention.
- the module 8 for continuously determining a second emergency landing trajectory is configured to evaluate the landing points, from the closest to the farthest, by calculating a lateral trajectory and a vertical landing trajectory. emergency.
- the basic idea of the present invention is to use two distinct emergency trajectory calculation algorithms on the two computers: to have a simple trajectory calculation on board the drone and a more elaborate solution in the ground control station.
- An on-board trajectory selection algorithm allows, when the system switches to emergency mode, to select the emergency trajectory to fly. The selected trajectory is then sent to the guidance/piloting module 13 for execution.
- the module 8 for determining the second calculator 7 on board calculates a second basic trajectory of direct type, or "Direct-To" in English, between the drone and a landing zone.
- the determination module 4 of the first computer 3, in the ground control station 2, calculates a second, more complex trajectory before being sent back to the drone.
- the selection module 10 is configured to select the first emergency landing trajectory developed or the second emergency landing trajectory so as to select the first trajectory if the first trajectory takes into account the current value of the or operating or environmental parameters of the drone representative of a detected critical hazard, and to select the second trajectory if the first trajectory takes into account a last received value different from the current value of the operating parameter(s) or environment of the drone representative of the critical hazard detected.
- the flight monitoring module 12 of the drone 1 makes it possible to detect the inability to fly at the end of the mission with the remaining energy capacities, the exceeding of the lateral and vertical deviations from the trajectory in relation to predefined thresholds , and equipment failures.
- the result of this monitoring is transmitted to the module 9 for detecting a critical hazard which, in the event of detection of a critical hazard which no longer allows the continuation of the mission and requires an emergency landing (for example within 2 or 3 minutes), enters an emergency landing mode.
- the ground operator also has the ability to trigger an emergency landing if he considers that the situation requires it.
- the present invention makes it possible: to have a reasonable calculation load in the drone and to address low-capacity equipment; generate a reasonable certification cost; to allow the algorithms to be simulated on the ground in mission preparation in order to validate the landing solutions throughout the mission; and to avoid the storage on board the drone of a set of emergency solutions calculated on the ground to respond to a critical hazard in the event of loss of communication.
- the selection module 10 selects the trajectory the first emergency landing trajectory developed or the second landing trajectory of emergency so as to select the first trajectory if the first trajectory takes into account the current value of the operating or environmental parameter(s) of the drone representative of the critical hazard detected, and to select the second trajectory if the first trajectory takes into account a last received value different from the current value of the operating or environmental parameter(s) of the drone representative of the critical hazard detected.
- Each emergency trajectory is associated with a set of data making it possible to define the reasons for the emergency transition: low battery, loss of position, loss of equipment, etc. These data may have had an impact on the calculated emergency solution.
- constraints linked to the remaining autonomy can reduce the landing point search sector.
- the module 10 selection mechanism operates as follows:
- ground control station 2 is well aware of the current constraints detected on board the drone 1;
- Ground control station 2 and the board of drone 1 do not have the same information, due to transmission problems;
- the emergency landing database is developed on the ground and loaded on board the aircraft at the start of the mission.
- FIG.2 illustrates an example of a representative map of an emergency landing database
- LZ landing zone
- a safety border is removed, corresponding to the distance necessary for the drone to be able to descend without touching an obstacle which would be at the edge of the landing zone, and taking into account an uncertainty (imprecision of terrain elevation, inaccuracy of altitude measurement, etc.).
- This safety edge depends on the type of drone (technical characteristics) and its capabilities (descent slope). Thus, any point in a landing zone is a valid landing point.
- the emergency landing database also includes no-fly zones.
- the landing database may include landing points with an associated final approach axis and an associated altitude.
- the module 8 for continuously determining the second emergency landing trajectory from the emergency landing database and the current value of at least one operating or environmental parameter of the drone 1.
- the module 8 for continuously determining the second emergency landing trajectory, on board the drone 1, comprises the following major steps: determination of candidate landing points, if necessary, that is to say if the pose database does not already contain them; for each landing point: calculation of the lateral trajectory;
- Verification that the trajectory is safe (definition of a safety corridor and verification that it does not collide with a no-fly zone or with an obstacle).
- the determination of candidate landing points is carried out as follows by module 8, as illustrated in [Fig.3] .
- a search sector is determined in which a landing point is searched.
- This sector is defined by an arc of a circle, or a circle, having as its center the position of the drone, extrapolated to X seconds ahead (X being the calculation frequency of this emergency solution of the second calculator 7) and the current heading of drone 1.
- the length of the sector corresponds to the maximum distance traveled by the drone in emergency cases: for example 2 or 3 minutes in our case.
- the angle of the search sector can be defined according to the performance of the drone or various external constraints.
- the polygons from the landing database previously loaded on board the drone 1 are then evaluated with regard to this research sector. Only polygon segments included in the search sector are considered. They are limited to the limits of the research sector if necessary.
- a projection in polar coordinates is carried out, in order to be able to easily determine which zones are directly visible in a straight line from the center of the search sector, in which angular sector and at what distance.
- the visible landing zones are then identified.
- the projections make it possible to know which angular sectors make it possible to reach an LZ landing zone, and at what distance.
- the fact that the edges of the landing zones (polygons) take into account a safety margin guarantees that any point in the landing zone is eligible as a landing point.
- Each landing point evaluation executes the following steps.
- a lateral trajectory is calculated, as illustrated in [Fig.4].
- the calculation of the lateral trajectory seeks the most direct joining trajectory from a given position and heading, to arrive on a given point with a given heading.
- the starting point of the algorithm is the center of the search sector, and the current heading of the drone 1.
- the arrival point corresponds to the approach start point.
- a vertical trajectory is calculated, as illustrated in 3D in [Fig.5], which takes into account the terrain elevations, available in a terrain database on board the drone 1, and the characteristics of the drone 1 .
- the trajectory must also respect the terrain following constraints to guarantee that it remains flyable without risking colliding with the terrain. If this is not possible, the landing point is rejected or ignored.
- the trajectory is checked to ensure that it does not collide with prohibited zones or obstacles (integrated as prohibited zones in the database). For this, a safety corridor around the trajectory is taken into account. If this is not possible, this landing point is ignored.
- Module 4 for continuously determining a first emergency landing trajectory first constructs a path which takes into account the NFZ no-flight zones.
- the calculation capacity of the first computer 3 of the ground station 2 is generally greater than on board the drone 1 in the second computer 7, and allows the use of Path Finding type algorithms (Theta* or Field) on the ground. D*) or RRT type (rapid exploration random tree).
- This path is then provided to a trajectory calculation algorithm to calculate the first 3D landing trajectory to take the terrain into account.
- the first trajectory is then provided to the module 5 for verifying the first trajectory. Its role is to guarantee that a trajectory is flyable by proposing a level of DAL, for “Design Assurance Levels” in English, equal to the algorithms on board the drone 1.
- the algorithm makes it possible to verify that the trajectory is flyable in terms of continuity and performance, that there is no conflict with the terrain, obstacles and No Fly Zones. The result of the verification and the trajectory are transmitted to the drone 1.
- the trajectory thus produced is sent on board the drone, periodically or occasionally, in order to possibly be taken into account in the event of a critical hazard requiring switching to emergency mode.
- the present invention makes it possible to always have an emergency landing trajectory available throughout the mission, which responds to the nature of the critical hazard encountered.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2212254A FR3142590A1 (fr) | 2022-11-24 | 2022-11-24 | Système de gestion de trajectoire d'atterrissage d'urgence d'un drone ou aéronef sans pilote. |
| PCT/EP2023/080185 WO2024110152A1 (fr) | 2022-11-24 | 2023-10-30 | Systeme de gestion de trajectoire d'atterrissage d'urgence d'un drone ou aeronef sans pilote |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4623433A1 true EP4623433A1 (fr) | 2025-10-01 |
Family
ID=85222388
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23793906.1A Withdrawn EP4623433A1 (fr) | 2022-11-24 | 2023-10-30 | Systeme de gestion de trajectoire d'atterrissage d'urgence d'un drone ou aeronef sans pilote |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4623433A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN120266181A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3142590A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024110152A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118917841B (zh) * | 2024-10-10 | 2025-02-07 | 北京千方创新科技有限公司 | 一种基于视觉算法的无人机回收方法、装置、设备及介质 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018178758A1 (fr) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-04 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Plan de vol amélioré destiné à des systèmes de trafic aérien sans pilote |
| GB2575029B (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2022-12-28 | Ge Aviat Systems Ltd | Landing on emergency or unprepared landing strip in low visibility condition |
| US11315432B2 (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2022-04-26 | The Boeing Company | Landing an unmanned aerial vehicle in a contingency scenario |
| WO2021033256A1 (fr) * | 2019-08-20 | 2021-02-25 | 楽天株式会社 | Système de traitement d'information, dispositif de traitement d'information et procédé de traitement d'information |
-
2022
- 2022-11-24 FR FR2212254A patent/FR3142590A1/fr active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-10-30 CN CN202380081377.1A patent/CN120266181A/zh active Pending
- 2023-10-30 WO PCT/EP2023/080185 patent/WO2024110152A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-10-30 EP EP23793906.1A patent/EP4623433A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN120266181A (zh) | 2025-07-04 |
| WO2024110152A1 (fr) | 2024-05-30 |
| FR3142590A1 (fr) | 2024-05-31 |
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