EP4622754A1 - Procédé de formation d'une pièce par insertion d'un alliage métallique à l'état solide dans une grappe - Google Patents
Procédé de formation d'une pièce par insertion d'un alliage métallique à l'état solide dans une grappeInfo
- Publication number
- EP4622754A1 EP4622754A1 EP23822435.6A EP23822435A EP4622754A1 EP 4622754 A1 EP4622754 A1 EP 4622754A1 EP 23822435 A EP23822435 A EP 23822435A EP 4622754 A1 EP4622754 A1 EP 4622754A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal alloy
- cluster
- molds
- bucket
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/24—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
- B22D27/045—Directionally solidified castings
Definitions
- the known methods of forming parts by lost wax casting methods include a pour in which a metal alloy in the liquid state is poured into the crucible of a ceramic cluster. This step typically takes place in an oven. The metal alloy then fills one or more molds included in the cluster. The assembly is then cooled to solidify the metal alloy, thus forming a casting part.
- the pouring under vacuum it is preferable to carry out the pouring under vacuum to avoid any parasitic reaction, for example oxidation of the metal alloy in the liquid state.
- the pour is optimized independently for each metal alloy, since each metal alloy has different properties (melting temperature, viscosity, density, etc.). We then understand that lodging is an important issue for the person in the trade. For example, the pouring conditions influence the scrap rate of the part to be formed.
- the present presentation relates to a method of forming castings in a cluster, the cluster comprising a plurality of molds formed by a lost wax method, each mold of the plurality of molds having a top, an intermediate part and a bottom, a bucket capable of receiving liquid metal, a crown connecting the bucket to each top of each mold of the plurality of molds, a descender connected to the bucket, a plurality of grain selectors each connected to a bottom of a mold of the plurality of molds, the method comprising, the insertion of a first metal alloy in the solid state in the cluster, the liquefaction of the first alloy inserted in the cluster, the directed solidification of the first alloy thus liquefied.
- Such a process is therefore safer for the operator. Furthermore, handling a metal alloy in the solid state is simpler than handling a metal alloy in the liquid state, therefore the present process is simpler to implement. Furthermore, avoiding pouring makes it possible to circumvent the risk of pollution of the liquid metal alloy during said pouring. In addition, this makes it possible to reduce the forces applied by the liquid metal on the cluster and/or other components.
- the cluster further comprises a set of main channels, each channel of the set of main channels connecting the descendant to a grain selector.
- the cluster allows the plurality of molds to be filled from their bottom.
- a liquid metal alloy can flow from the descender to the mold.
- cylindrical is understood in the mathematical sense of the term.
- a cylinder is defined as the volume obtained by the translation of a closed contour along an axis.
- the closed outline can be a circle or a square.
- a clearance is provided between the solid metal alloy inserted in the cluster and the cluster.
- the method further comprises a prior step of assembling the cluster in which the plurality of molds, the bucket, the crown, the descender and the plurality of grain selectors are assembled together; and in which the first metal alloy in the solid state is inserted into the cluster during the preliminary assembly step.
- the first metal alloy is inserted into the descendant.
- the first metal alloy is inserted into the crown.
- the insertion of the metal alloy in the solid state during the assembly step simplifies the integration of the first metal alloy into the cluster. This therefore represents a saving of time for the operator.
- the insertion of the first metal alloy in the crown or in the descendant is particularly advantageous from this point of view.
- the cluster further comprises a plurality of sets of secondary channels, each channel of each set of secondary channels connecting the descender and the intermediate part of a mold, a plurality of plugs delimiting a plurality of pouring paths, and in which a plurality of metal alloys in the solid state are inserted into the plurality of pouring paths, the method comprising successively, for each metal alloy of the plurality of metal alloys, the selective liquefaction of the metal alloy followed by the casting of this metal alloy in one of the sets of secondary channels to the plurality of molds, then the solidification, optionally directed, of this liquefied metal alloy.
- this configuration it is possible to obtain multi-material parts without having to resort to pouring.
- this method includes all the advantages previously cited, linked to the insertion of metallic alloys in the state solid in the cluster. This configuration is particularly advantageous for forming multi-material turbomachine blades.
- a “multi-material” part is a part comprising at least two parts made from two different materials.
- a blade comprising two parts made from two different metal alloys is considered a “multi-material” part.
- junction zone between the different materials.
- controlling the size, position and solidification of the junction zone are concerns of interest for those skilled in the art seeking to manufacture multi-material blades.
- the cluster comprises an upper plug placed at the junction between the bucket and the descender, and in which the method comprises: pouring a terminal metal alloy in the liquid state into the bucket, so that the terminal metal alloy flows into each mold of the plurality of molds through the crown, and solidifying the terminal metal alloy.
- this configuration therefore makes it possible to obtain a multi-material part by pouring the terminal metal alloy.
- this configuration represents an alternative and/or a complement for obtaining multi-material parts.
- the cluster comprises a container, the container comprising a heating system; and the method further comprising inserting the terminal metal alloy in a solid state into the container, and liquefying the terminal metal alloy by the heating system.
- the container is attached to the bucket. [0033]
- This configuration makes it possible to obtain a multi-material part while avoiding the disadvantages linked to pouring, while retaining the advantages linked to the use of the bucket. Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the casting of the terminal metal alloy is faster than the pouring of this alloy, according to known methods.
- the container comprises a metal membrane at the junction between the container and the bucket.
- the heating system imposes a temperature gradient of between 10°C and 50°C, preferably 50°C in the container.
- the heating system imposes a temperature gradient of between 10°C and 30°C.
- this gradient makes it possible to control the melting of the terminal metal alloy, and in particular, to gradually liquefy it. This improves the reliability of casting the terminal metal alloy in the plurality of molds of the cluster.
- the present presentation also concerns a turbomachine blade obtained by a process according to one of the preceding embodiments.
- the blade comprises at least two parts made of two different metal alloys, and a junction zone between these two parts.
- the crown 102 connects the bucket 101 to each top 103a of each mold of the plurality of molds 103, and each grain selector of the plurality of grain selectors 104 is connected to a bottom 103c of a mold of the plurality of molds 103.
- the plurality of molds 103 can comprise a plurality of cores, in order to obtain, for example, hollow blades.
- Figure 2 represents the cluster 100 of the first embodiment arranged in a Birdgman oven 50.
- the oven 50 includes a hot zone 51 and a cold zone 52. Initially, the cluster 100 is placed at the hot zone 51 of the oven 50.
- the first metal alloy 10 liquefies.
- the volume of the liquefied metal alloy 10 is calculated according to the following formula.
- V s the volume of the metal alloy in the solid state
- p s the density of the metal alloy in the solid state
- p L the density of the metal alloy in the liquid state.
- the density ratio is of the order of 1.14.
- the volume of the plurality of molds 103 to fill it is possible to deduce the quantity, or volume, of metal alloy 10 to be provided to fill the plurality of molds 103.
- the inventors have noted that it is necessary to provide a volume of solid metal alloy slightly additional to the volume necessary for filling the plurality of molds 103, to compensate for a residual volume lost during the solidification of the metal alloy, linked to the contraction of the metal alloy during said solidification.
- the first molten metal alloy 10 passes through the set of channels 105 to fill the plurality of molds 103 through their bottom 103c. For example, this filling can be carried out simply by gravity and/or capillarity. When a liquid metal takes such a path, we speak of casting the source metal alloy.
- the first metal alloy 10 partially fills the plurality of molds 103.
- the first metal alloy 10 can completely fill the plurality of molds 10, provided that the adequate volume.
- the cluster is transferred (for example by gravity descent of the cluster or under the action of organs actuation such as cylinders) towards the cold zone 52 of the mold so that the first liquid metal alloy 10 is in the cold zone 52 of the oven 50.
- organs actuation such as cylinders
- the first metal alloy 10 crystallizes in the plurality of molds 103.
- the solidification of the first metal alloy 10 is controlled.
- the first metal alloy 10 crystallizes in the plurality of molds 103 in a plurality of single-crystal alloys.
- a terminal metal alloy 20 (Fig. 5), different from the first metal alloy 10, is poured in the liquid state into the bucket 101. Thanks to the upper plug 107, the casting of the terminal metal alloy 20 is falling.
- Figure 7 represents a cluster 100 according to a second embodiment, compatible with the first embodiment.
- the cluster 100 comprises a plurality of plugs 107' arranged in the descender 106.
- the cluster 100 comprises a plurality of sets of secondary channels 105', each channel of each set of secondary channels 105' connecting the descender 106 and the intermediate part 103b of a mold of the plurality of molds 103.
- a plurality of cavities is formed in the descender 106 between each plug of the plurality of plugs 107'.
- the channels of the plurality of sets of secondary channels 105' are configured to connect each of these cavities to the different molds of the plurality of molds 103.
- a plurality of pour paths are formed in the descender 106.
- the cluster 100 comprises a container 200 and a heating system 202 capable of heating the container 200.
- the heating system 202 can be a heating resistor.
- the container 200 can be attached to the bucket 101.
- the container 200 can be fixed by other means not shown, and provided above the bucket 101, so that a liquid escaping from the container 200 under the effect of gravity falls into the bucket 101.
- a metal membrane 204 typically made of nickel, can be provided at the junction between the container 200 and the bucket 101.
- a terminal metal alloy (second alloy), different from the first metal alloy, is poured in the liquid state into the bucket 101. Thanks to the upper plug 107, the casting of the terminal metal alloy falls and is distributed in the crown 302 to the cylinders 310 in which the terminal metal alloy flows, to reach, via the connections 312, the plurality of molds 103 and fill in the latter the space left vacant by the first metal alloy 314. The rest of the description of the first mode applies here and will not be repeated.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2212323A FR3142366B1 (fr) | 2022-11-25 | 2022-11-25 | Procédé de formation d’une pièce par insertion d’un alliage métallique à l’état solide dans une grappe |
| PCT/FR2023/051845 WO2024110735A1 (fr) | 2022-11-25 | 2023-11-23 | Procédé de formation d'une pièce par insertion d'un alliage métallique à l'état solide dans une grappe |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4622754A1 true EP4622754A1 (fr) | 2025-10-01 |
Family
ID=85570204
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23822435.6A Pending EP4622754A1 (fr) | 2022-11-25 | 2023-11-23 | Procédé de formation d'une pièce par insertion d'un alliage métallique à l'état solide dans une grappe |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4622754A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN120282843A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3142366B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024110735A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4178986A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1979-12-18 | General Electric Company | Furnace for directional solidification casting |
| GB2080165B (en) * | 1980-07-17 | 1984-10-24 | Rolls Royce | Making article having internal passages eg turbine blade |
| JP2004306044A (ja) * | 2003-04-02 | 2004-11-04 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 精密鋳造装置およびこれを用いる精密鋳造方法 |
| EP2931458B1 (fr) * | 2012-12-14 | 2019-02-06 | United Technologies Corporation | Coulage à multiples injections |
| US9656321B2 (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2017-05-23 | General Electric Company | Casting method, cast article and casting system |
| GB201313849D0 (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2013-09-18 | Castings Technology Internat | Producing a metal object |
| WO2015080854A1 (fr) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-06-04 | United Technologies Corporation | Procédé et appareil de fabrication d'une structure de fonte multi-alliage |
-
2022
- 2022-11-25 FR FR2212323A patent/FR3142366B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-11-23 EP EP23822435.6A patent/EP4622754A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-11-23 CN CN202380081375.2A patent/CN120282843A/zh active Pending
- 2023-11-23 WO PCT/FR2023/051845 patent/WO2024110735A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024110735A1 (fr) | 2024-05-30 |
| FR3142366A1 (fr) | 2024-05-31 |
| CN120282843A (zh) | 2025-07-08 |
| FR3142366B1 (fr) | 2024-11-29 |
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