EP4612011A1 - Sensorbasierte detektion eines fahrdrahts einer oberleitung - Google Patents
Sensorbasierte detektion eines fahrdrahts einer oberleitungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4612011A1 EP4612011A1 EP24707692.0A EP24707692A EP4612011A1 EP 4612011 A1 EP4612011 A1 EP 4612011A1 EP 24707692 A EP24707692 A EP 24707692A EP 4612011 A1 EP4612011 A1 EP 4612011A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- overhead line
- sensor
- contact wire
- basis
- sensor data
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
- B61L23/04—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
- B61L23/041—Obstacle detection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60M1/00—Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle
- B60M1/12—Trolley lines; Accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60M1/00—Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle
- B60M1/12—Trolley lines; Accessories therefor
- B60M1/28—Manufacturing or repairing trolley lines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
- B61L15/0081—On-board diagnosis or maintenance
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for sensor-based detection of a contact wire of an overhead line.
- the invention also relates to a detection device.
- the invention also relates to a vehicle.
- pantographs i.e. current collectors
- road vehicles with pantographs for power supply via overhead lines can determine their own direction of travel and, for example, change lanes or stop at the side of the road. Care must be taken to ensure that the pantograph is only extended or allowed to remain in a position of contact with the contact wires of an overhead line if the road vehicle is also in a suitable position under such an overhead line.
- the pantograph In order to avoid damage to the overhead lines, when changing lanes the pantograph must first be released from the position of contact with the overhead line and lowered, which is also known as "unclamping". The lane is then changed. The pantograph must then be returned to a position of contact with the overhead line. be moved over the new track, which is also known as "ironing on”.
- an overhead line in a direct current network for road vehicles generally comprises two current-carrying contact wires which are at a largely constant distance from one another and within a defined height range, parallel to one another and at the same height.
- the road vehicle draws electrical current from the direct current network via a pantograph from the contact wires.
- the contact wires are each braced with a supporting cable.
- the supporting cable has a hyperbolic course in the vertical direction.
- FIG 2. A side view of an overhead line with contact wires and supporting cables is shown in FIG 2. In curves, the supporting cables are braced laterally. This arrangement means that in a frontal sectional view, the overhead lines form four points as the corners of a parallelogram.
- the top two points are assigned to the supporting cables and the bottom two points are assigned to the contact wires. Since an object detection radar can theoretically detect both the contact wire and the suspension cable at any time due to diffraction effects, corner points of such a parallelogram can also be found in a radar measurement.
- the problem particularly when using radar sensors to detect a contact line, is that the two contact wires and the two suspension cables are not detected at all times, but only a part of them.
- the contact wires are less easily detected than the suspension cables.
- This difference in detectability is related to the fact that the contact wires are very smooth, while the supporting cables form a mesh.
- Another reason for the different detectability is that the contact wires are located closer to the sensors for monitoring the vehicle's surroundings and therefore disruptive near-field effects occur when detecting the contact wires, which are much less pronounced when detecting the supporting cables that are located further away from the vehicle's sensors.
- the task is therefore to enable reliable and robust sensor-based detection and in particular localization of contact wires of an overhead line from a vehicle fed via the contact wires of the overhead line.
- a contact wire carries electrical current, which can be drawn from an electrified vehicle by contacting the contact wire with a pantograph. It should be expressly mentioned at this point that when the application refers to a contact wire or a suspension cable, this should always include a singular number of contact wires and a singular number of suspension cables, as well as a plurality of contact wires and a plurality of suspension cables and also combinations of a contact wire with several suspension cables and a combination of several contact wires with a suspension cable.
- the method according to the invention is particularly preferably applied to the detection of two contact wires and two suspension cables of an overhead line, but is not restricted thereto. It should also be mentioned at this point that the method according to the invention is preferably intended to be used with a road vehicle and an overhead line system of a direct current network, but other operating modes, such as the energy supply with alternating current or multi-phase current, in particular three-phase current, are also intended to be included.
- the sensor data is acquired in or from a sub-area of the surroundings of a vehicle that can be supplied with energy via the overhead line.
- the sub-area is selected such that the overhead line can be expected in the sub-area based on previously known information.
- This information can include both the pose and trajectory of the vehicle and previously known information regarding the arrangement and course of the overhead line in the area traveled through.
- the information can also be constantly updated, for example by the vehicle localizing itself. In particular, it is known in advance that the overhead line is always above the vehicle. Furthermore, only sub-areas above and in front of the pantograph are of interest for a search for the overhead line and detection can therefore be limited to these sub-areas of the surroundings.
- a geometric model is understood to be a parameterizable virtual geometric object that represents the geometric properties of the overhead line or their representation.
- the expected positions include relative positions to a pantograph of the vehicle.
- polygons are suitable for geometric models for overhead lines with a minimum number of three components, i.e. contact wires and supporting cables, of an overhead line; for four components, in particular two contact wires and two supporting cables, parameterized parallelograms are particularly preferred.
- a validation result of the estimate is determined by checking the consistency of the geometric model and checking the consistency of the acquired sensor data with the geometric model.
- To check the consistency of the geometric model previously known information about value ranges in which certain model parameter values of the geometric model should lie is used. This is because the geometry of the arrangement of the contact wire and the suspension cable or of the contact wires and the suspension cables relative to one another is basically known.
- To check the consistency of the sensor data with the geometric model it is checked which proportion of the sensor data conforms to the geometric model. The more the sensor data points determined on the basis of the sensor data "lie on the geometric model", the higher the consistency of the sensor data with the geometric model.
- the position of the contact wire is determined based on the estimate or the estimated parameterized geometric model and the validation result.
- the determined position of the contact wire and the corresponding validation result are output. If the validation result classifies the determined position as not sufficiently valid, the output of the determined position can be prevented and, for example, the previously determined position data of the contact wire can be used to continue working.
- the position data can be used to control a pantograph for attaching to a contact wire of an overhead line. It is important that the contact strip of the pantograph correctly hits the contact wire when it is attached. This advantageously achieves robust localization of a contact wire or, if necessary, a plurality of contact wires.
- the result of the process also includes information regarding the reliability of this result so that this information can be advantageously taken into account when the result is further processed.
- the model-based method according to the invention takes into account in particular the problem that the sensor-based detection of contact wires is usually incomplete and therefore localization based on sensor data alone is often difficult and subject to uncertainty. This problem is solved by using a geometric model and incorporating the suspension cables into this geometric model.
- the detection device has a sensor unit for acquiring at least two-dimensional sensor data by sensor-based imaging of a partial area of the surroundings of a vehicle that can be supplied with energy via the overhead line. An area of the surroundings in which the overhead line is to be expected on the basis of previously known information is selected as the partial area.
- the detection device also comprises an estimation unit for estimating expected positions of the contact wire and a supporting cable of the overhead line on the basis of the sensor data and on the basis of a geometric model of the overhead line.
- the estimation unit is preferably configured to determine model parameter values of the geometric model on the basis of the sensor data and to assign sensor data that match the parameterized geometric model to the parameterized geometric model.
- the detection device also has a validation unit for determining a validation result of the estimation by checking the consistency of the geometric model and checking the consistency of the acquired sensor data with the geometric model.
- the consistency check of the geometric model as such is preferably carried out by comparing the determined model parameter values with reference data and the consistency check of the acquired sensor data with the geometric model depending on how well the sensor data and the geometric model parameterized with the model parameter values fit together.
- the detection device according to the invention also has a localization unit for determining the position of the contact wire on the basis of the estimate and the validation result.
- the detection device according to the invention shares the advantages of the method according to the invention for sensor-based detection of a contact wire of an overhead line.
- the vehicle according to the invention preferably an electrically powered road vehicle, has a current collector for Contacting a contact wire of an overhead line of an electrical power supply network, a traction unit for driving the vehicle with the electrical energy obtained from the power supply network via the current collector and a detection device according to the invention.
- the vehicle according to the invention shares the advantages of the defect ion device according to the invention.
- Some of the aforementioned components of the detection device according to the invention can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of software modules in a processor of a corresponding computer system, e.g. of a control unit or an already existing computer system of a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle.
- a largely software-based implementation has the advantage that even computer systems already used to date can be easily retrofitted with a software update in order to work in the manner according to the invention.
- a corresponding computer program product with a computer program which can be loaded directly into a computer system, with program sections in order to carry out the steps of the method according to the invention for estimating an expected position of the contact wire and a supporting cable of the overhead line, for determining a validation result of the estimate and for determining the position of the contact wire on the basis of the estimate and the validation result when the program is executed in the computer system.
- a computer program product can, in addition to the computer program, optionally contain additional components such as, for example documentation and/or additional components, including hardware components such as hardware keys (dongles, etc.) for using the software.
- a computer-readable medium e.g. a memory stick, a hard disk or another portable or permanently installed data storage device
- a computer-readable medium e.g. a memory stick, a hard disk or another portable or permanently installed data storage device
- achable program sections of the computer program are stored.
- the computer system can, for example, have one or more cooperating microprocessors or the like.
- model parameter values of the geometric model are preferably determined and sensor data that match the geometric model parameterized by the model parameter values are preferably assigned to the parameterized geometric model.
- the consistency check of the geometric model with the model parameter values is carried out when determining the validation result by comparing the determined model parameter values of the geometric model with reference data. Also preferably, the consistency check of the geometric model with the sensor data is carried out when determining the validation result depending on how well the sensor data and the Model parameter values fit together.
- the reference data includes information about the ranges in which the model parameter values should lie. It is also determined how many of the sensor data or sensor data points lie on the geometric object defined by the geometric model or match it.
- the geometric model comprises one of the following model types:
- a two-dimensional geometric model is characterized by its particularly high level of simplicity. As a rule, only the relative height and, above all, the lateral offset to a pantograph of a vehicle are of interest when locating the contact wire or wires of an overhead line, two-dimensional information is usually sufficient to coordinate the movement of a vehicle and its pantograph with the position of the contact wire or wires of the overhead line.
- a three-dimensional geometric model makes it possible to use a particularly large amount of sensor data, which are distributed in the path direction of the overhead line, to parameterize the geometric model. Furthermore, the three-dimensional geometric model makes it possible to include a three-dimensional course of a contact wire and a suspension cable of an overhead line in the model.
- the sensor data acquired in the first step of the method according to the invention comprise one of the following data types:
- Actively recorded sensor point data allows three-dimensional scanning of an object.
- Such sensor point data can be acquired by actively scanning sensors that scan their surroundings with a sensor beam, in particular radar sensors, lidar sensors or infrared sensors.
- Active sensors function independently of the time of day and visibility conditions. However, it is fundamentally possible to influence them, so suitable frequency ranges or wavelengths must be selected or other measures for interference suppression must be implemented.
- Passively captured image data is obtained by passive sensors that use the incidence of rays or waves that are reflected from a detected object and that are emitted by external sources to image the object.
- passive sensors include in particular stereo cameras that are used to obtain stereo image data.
- Passive sensors are technically less complex than active sensors, but their function and their precision and reliability are often dependent on changing boundary conditions, such as visibility conditions.
- the sensor data acquired in the first step of the method according to the invention comprise sensor point data and the expected positions of the contact wire and the overhead line support cable are estimated by a density analysis of the sensor point data.
- Sensor point data are obtained by scanning the environment in a grid-like manner with an active sensor.
- a three-dimensional image of the scanned environment can be created using the sensor point data.
- the density of the scanned points of the sensor point data can be used as an indicator for the occurrence of Contact wires or suspension cables are used, whereby when the points are projected into a vertical frontal plane, clusters are to be expected at the, preferably four, points where the contact wires and wire cables penetrate this plane.
- the density analysis therefore includes determining the largest clusters of sensor point data, which are then used to identify the contact wires and wire cables.
- the overhead line comprises at least three components as contact wires and supporting cables
- the areas of the clusters of the sensor data points, particularly in a frontal view of the overhead line can be interpreted as the corners of a polygon.
- the geometric model comprises a polygon and the estimated positions of the contact wires and supporting cables of the overhead line are estimated by determining geometric properties of one of the expected positions of the contact wires on tensioned polygons on the basis of the aforementioned clusters as corner points of the polygon and checking the geometric properties of the polygon by comparing the determined geometric properties with reference data and, if necessary, correcting the estimated polygon on the basis of the comparison.
- determining a validation result comprises determining a confidence value of the estimate based on a comparison of the geometric properties of the corrected polygon with reference data and on the basis of the number of sensor data points that can be assigned to the corrected polygon, and determining the positions of the contact wires is carried out on the basis of the determined confidence value.
- a measure of the reliability of the measurement data or sensor point data, which may be subject to uncertainty, and of the geometric model derived from them is advantageously determined in order to enable adequate processing of the information obtained. If there is insufficient confidence, the sensor point data can be discarded or, when determining the positions of the contact wires, they are given less weight than sensor point data with a higher confidence.
- the checked geometric properties include the lengths of the edges and/or the angles between the edges of the spanned polygon.
- known properties of the polygon can advantageously be used for a consistency check of the parameterized geometric model.
- the parameters of the geometric model can be assigned certain value ranges in which the parameter values must lie.
- correcting the estimate includes adding sensor data points and/or searching for further polygons that are spanned by the sensor data points of the sensor point data. Measurement errors or errors in the density analysis can advantageously be compensated for by a correction following the first estimate.
- a current (relative) position of the contact wires and the supporting cables of the overhead line to the vehicle is determined on the basis of the sensor data. points and estimated on the basis of previously determined positions of the contact wires and supporting cables of the overhead line.
- a current (relative) position of the contact wires and supporting cables of the overhead line to the vehicle is preferably determined on the basis of time-dependent tracking of a position of the contact wires and supporting cables of the overhead line and with the inclusion of a movement model.
- a movement model allows an extrapolation of position data from the past into the present and thus enables the current positions of supporting cables and contact wires to be estimated on the basis of their positions in the past.
- the method according to the invention outputs the determined position of the contact wires of the overhead line together with the determined confidence value.
- the details about the reliability of the information output enable an assessment of the value and reliability of the result achieved, which can be taken into account in the further processing of the information obtained about the position of the contact wires.
- the further processing of the results involves weighting or a weighted average of the results achieved over time depending on the determined validity and reliability of individual results.
- the polygon or the parameterizable geometric model comprises one of the following types of polygons:
- a suitable model can be selected.
- a frontal sectional view of an overhead line with two contact cables and two contact wires can often be approximated with a parallelogram, with the corners of the parallelogram being approximated by the two contact wires and the two contact cables.
- the detection device particularly preferably comprises a sensor unit for acquiring at least two-dimensional sensor point data by sensor-based scanning of a partial area of the environment of a vehicle that can be supplied with energy via the overhead line and in which the overhead line is to be expected.
- the detection device preferably comprises an estimation unit for estimating expected positions of the contact wires and supporting cables of the overhead line by means of a density analysis of the sensor point data.
- the detection device also preferably comprises a clustering unit which is designed to determine clusters of sensor data points in the sensor point data, preferably on the basis of a RANSAC method, and to select the largest clusters as corner points for a geometric model.
- a clustering unit which is designed to determine clusters of sensor data points in the sensor point data, preferably on the basis of a RANSAC method, and to select the largest clusters as corner points for a geometric model.
- Part of the detection device according to the invention is also preferably a model unit for determining geometric properties of a geometric model, preferably a polygon, stretched from the expected positions of the contact wires.
- the prior knowledge about the arrangement of the contact wire and the suspension cable relative to one another is advantageously linked to the currently determined information from the sensor data about the surroundings of the vehicle by determining model parameter values of the geometric model and thus made accessible for later testing and validation.
- the detection device according to the invention preferably comprises a comparison unit for comparing the determined geometric properties of the geometric model, preferably of a polygon, with reference data.
- the reference data in particular comprise information on the ranges in which the model parameter values of the geometric model should lie.
- the detection device preferably comprises a correction unit which is set up to carry out a correction of the geometry of the geometric model, preferably a polygon.
- the correction is preferably carried out by adding corner points of the object of the geometric model or alternatively by determining a new object of the geometric model on the basis of other clusters of sensor data points.
- the detection device also preferably comprises an extrapolation unit which is set up to determine, on the basis of a geometric model from a previous point in time, sensor data points of the current measurement which could be used for a current geometric model.
- Position data of the contact wires and suspension cables from the past can advantageously be used to estimate a current position of the contact wires and suspension cables. This procedure is useful if a geometric model could not be generated on the basis of the current sensor data alone. For example, by tentatively translating the geometric model from the past, sensor data points of the current measurement which lie on the shifted geometric model can be identified.
- the detection device also preferably comprises a tracking unit which generates a current geometric model based on a recorded course of the overhead line or its positions in the past and on the basis of a movement model of the vehicle. calculated.
- Position data of the contact wires and the suspension cables from the past can advantageously also be used to determine the current position of contact wires and suspension cables of an overhead line, taking into account the change in position of the vehicle since the sensor data was recorded in the past.
- the validation unit of the detection device according to the invention is designed to determine a confidence value of the estimate on the basis of a comparison of the geometric properties of the geometric model with reference data and on the basis of the number of sensor point data or sensor data points of the sensor point data that can be assigned to the geometric model.
- a confidence value of the estimate is determined based on a comparison of the geometric properties of the corrected polygon with reference data and on the basis of the number of sensor data points that can be assigned to the corrected polygon.
- the localization unit of the detection device according to the invention is preferably designed to determine a position of the overhead line on the basis of the determined confidence value.
- the determined confidence can advantageously be taken into account in the further processing of the position data, for example by discarding the position data or by weighting the position data depending on the confidence.
- the detection device In a variant of the detection device according to the invention, it also has an output unit or output interface for outputting the determined position of the overhead line together with the determined confidence value.
- FIG 1 is a schematic representation of a truck supplied with electrical energy via an overhead line
- FIG 2 is a schematic side view of an overhead line
- FIG 3 is a diagram illustrating sensor point data and model parameters of a parallelogram model
- FIG 4 is a flow chart illustrating a method for sensor-based detection of contact wires of an overhead line according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG 5 is a flow chart illustrating the step of estimating an expected position of the contact wires and suspension cables of an overhead line
- FIG 6 is a flow chart illustrating the step of determining a validation result of the estimate
- FIG 7 is a schematic representation of a detection device according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG 8 is a schematic representation of a road vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG 1 shows a schematic representation 10 of a truck 1 with an electric drive and a pantograph 2 for contacting contact wires 3 of an electrical supply line or overhead line of an electrical power supply network. Due to the continuous energy supply, the truck 1 can easily cover long distances with an electric drive and still has the same flexibility as a conventional truck 1 with an internal combustion engine. This is achieved by that, for example, the pantograph 2 is flexible, so that the vehicle 1 can move in a certain area in the transverse direction of the lane. If the vehicle 1 wants to leave the lane with the electrical supply line or the contact wires 3, the pantograph 2 can be swung down, i.e. removed. Overtaking and driving on non-electrified routes can be managed, for example, with the help of an additional small electrical energy storage device or with a hybrid drive system.
- FIG 2 shows a side view of an overhead line 20.
- the overhead line 20 has two contact wires 3 arranged in parallel (only one contact wire is shown in FIG 2).
- the contact wires 3 are suspended from support cables 11 via vertically running suspension cables 25.
- the support cables 11 are attached to a boom 24 of an overhead line mast 23 mounted on the edge of a guideway 21.
- the support cables have a hyperbolic shape, as can be seen in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 2 For the sake of simplicity, only one contact wire 3 is shown for each track in FIG 2. However, this is intended to symbolize two parallel contact wires with different polarity. As already mentioned, two parallel direct current lines with different polarity are used for power supply in road-based electrified transport systems.
- the support cables 11 form a chain system together with the suspension cables 25 and the contact wires 3. Lateral movement can be prevented by a side holder designed as a boom (not shown), so that the contact wires 3 are not moved in a sideways direction even when they come into contact with a pantograph.
- FIG 3 a diagram 30 is shown which illustrates sensor point data or sensor data points SDP and model parameters MP of a parallelogram model PM.
- sensor point data SPD are shown as small filled dots which are arranged around circular corner points.
- te EP of a model-based parallelogram PG The corner points EP are determined as the centers of gravity of the sensor data points SDP of the sensor point data SPD .
- the edges of the parallelogram PG as well as angles w between the edges K of the parallelogram PG result from the determination of the corner points EP .
- the edges K, angles w and corner points EP represent model parameters MP of the parallelogram model PM .
- the lengths in the x and y directions are given in the diagram 30 in meters, abbreviated to "m".
- FIG. 4 shows a flow chart 400 which illustrates a method for sensor-based detection of contact wires 3 of an overhead line 20 according to an embodiment of the invention.
- step 4.1 sensor point data SPD are obtained from a partial area of the surroundings of a road vehicle 1, for example the truck shown in FIG. 1, in which the overhead line 20 is suspected.
- This partial area comprises an area of the surroundings of the road vehicle 1 that extends in front of the pantograph 2 of the road vehicle 1 and above the road vehicle 1.
- step 4 expected positions PS of the contact wires 3 and suspension cables 11 of the overhead line 20 are determined on the basis of the sensor point data SPD and on the basis of a 2D model of the overhead line 20 in the form of a parallelogram PG.
- model parameters MP such as the side lengths 1 and the angles w of the parallelogram PG stretched by the two contact wires 3 and the two suspension cables 11, as well as its position PS are determined on the basis of these sensor point data SPD. Details of the estimation step 4 . I I are described in detail in connection with FIG 5.
- step 4 III a validation result VE is determined based on the determined model parameters MP . Details of this determination step 4 . I ll are shown in FIG 6 and explained in detail in the associated description.
- step 4 . IV the positions P of the contact wires 3 are determined on the basis of the estimate of the model parameters MP and on the basis of the validation result VE . If the validation result VE indicates that the estimated model parameters MP are not valid, then instead of a position P it can be determined that there is no valid position P .
- step 4. V the determined positions P of the contact wires 3 and the validation result VE are output, for example, to a control device 13 (see FIG. 8) of the pantograph 2.
- the control device 13 can then control a process of attaching the pantograph 2 to the contact wires 3 of the overhead line 20 based on the knowledge of the positions P of the contact wires 3.
- FIG 5 shows a flow chart which illustrates step 4 .
- I I for estimating an expected position PS of the contact wires 3 and suspension cables 11 of an overhead line 20 .
- step 4.11a clusters of sensor data points SDP of the sensor point data SPD are first determined using a RANSAC method, and the largest clusters are selected to determine the corner points EP of a parallelogram PG as the centers of gravity SWP of these clusters.
- the RANSAC algorithm is used here as a clustering algorithm to estimate a model within a series of measured values with outliers and gross errors. Because of its robustness to outliers, it is mainly used to evaluate automatic measurements.
- RANSAC supports adjustment methods that usually fail with a large number of outliers by calculating a data set adjusted for outliers, the so-called consensus set.
- the focal points SWP are determined on the basis of the groups of sensor data points SDP assigned to the clusters and defined as corner points EP .
- step 4 . 11b a model-based parallelogram PG is estimated on the basis of the determined centroids SWP or corner points EP .
- step 4. 11c the model parameter values MP of the estimated parallelogram PG, in particular the side lengths 1, the angles w and the position P of the parallelogram PG are compared with reference parameter values MP R . If the estimated model parameter values MP are sufficiently compliant with the reference parameter values MP R , which is marked with "y" in FIG 5 , the estimated parallelogram PG is classified as a determined parallelogram PE and released for validation in step 4. III . If the estimated model parameter values MP are not sufficiently compliant with the reference parameter values MP R , i.e. they deviate too greatly from them (for example by more than a predetermined threshold value), which is marked with "n” in FIG 5 , the process goes on to step 4. I Id .
- step 4 I Id the geometry of the estimated parallelogram PG is corrected.
- additional sensor data points SDP are added as support points of an extended parallelogram PE or a new parallelogram PGA is determined, for example on the basis of clusters with fewer sensor data points SDP.
- step 4 I le a new check is made as to whether the now supplemented or newly estimated parallelogram PE , PGA or its parameter values MPPE , MPPGA conform to the reference parameter values MP R . If the supplemented or newly estimated model parameter values MPPE , MPPGA are sufficiently conform to the reference parameter values MP R , which is marked with "y" in FIG 5 , the supplemented or newly estimated parallelogram PE , PGA is used as the determined parallelogram PE. and released for validation in step 4.III. If the added or newly estimated model parameter values MPPE, MPPGA are not sufficiently compliant with the reference parameter values MP R , which is marked with "n” in FIG 5, the process goes to step 4.IIf.
- step 4.IIf the measured sensor point data SPD are validated with a solution from a previous time step of the measurement. This means that a parallelogram PG V created at an earlier point in time is compared with the current sensor point data SPD and, based on the comparison, if possible, which is marked with "y" in FIG 5, sensor point data SPD that conform to the old parallelogram PG V are used as support data for a newly determined parallelogram PE.
- step 4.11g the overhead line 20 is tracked using motion models BM. This means that a future position or relative position of the overhead line 20 or of the parallelogram PE to be determined to the road vehicle 1 is determined on the basis of the previous parameter values MP of the overhead line and a motion model BM of the road vehicle 1, for example using position data, speed data, orientation data or acceleration data of the road vehicle 1.
- FIG 6 shows a flow chart illustrating step 4.III for determining a validation result VE of the estimation.
- a first validity value VE1 of the model parameters MP of the determined parallelogram PE is determined by comparing it with reference data MP R. For example, it can be checked whether the side lengths 1, the angles w and the position of the determined parallelogram PE are within of an expected value range and how close the values of the model parameters MP are to an expected value.
- the first validity value VE1 is determined on the basis of this comparison.
- step 4 I I Ib the number Z of sensor data points SDP that lie on the model-based parallelogram PE provided with model parameter values MP is determined. It is therefore determined how well the sensor point data SPD or the sensor data points SDP of the sensor point data SPD and the geometric model PM parameterized with the model parameter values MP fit together.
- a validity value VE is calculated on the basis of the first validity value VE1 and on the basis of the number Z ( SDP ) of the sensor data points SDP that lie on the determined parallelogram PE.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of a detection device 70 according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the detection device 70 has a radar sensor unit 71 which is designed to acquire sensor point data SPD from a partial area of the environment of a vehicle 1 which can be supplied with energy via an overhead line 20 (see FIG. 1, FIG. 8) and in which the overhead line 20 is to be expected.
- the detection device 70 also has an estimation unit 72.
- the estimation unit 72 is designed to estimate expected positions PS of the contact wires 3 and supporting cables 11 of the overhead line 20 on the basis of the sensor point data SPD and on the basis of a parallelogram model PG of the overhead line 20.
- the estimation unit 72 comprises a cluster determination unit 72a, which is set up to determine clusters of sensor data points SDP in the To determine sensor point data SPD and to select the largest clusters as corner points EP for a parallelogram model PM.
- the estimation unit 72 comprises a model unit 72b, which is configured to determine model parameter values MP of the parallelogram model PM on the basis of the determined corner points EP.
- the estimation unit 72 comprises a comparison unit 72c, which is configured to check the geometry of the estimated parameterized geometric model PM or the geometry of the parallelogram PG corresponding to the model PM.
- the estimation unit 72 comprises a correction unit 72d, which is configured to carry out a correction of the geometry of the parallelogram model PM, for example by adding corner points or alternatively to determine a new parallelogram based on other clusters of sensor data points SDP.
- the estimation unit 72 comprises an extrapolation unit 72e, which is set up to determine, on the basis of a parallelogram model PM of a previous point in time, sensor data points SDP of the current measurement that could be used for a current parallelogram model PM. This procedure is useful if a parallelogram model PM could not be generated on the basis of the current sensor data alone. For example, by tentatively translating the parallelogram model PM from the past, sensor data points of the current measurement that lie on the shifted parallelogram model PM can be identified.
- the estimation unit 72 also includes a tracking unit 72 f , which generates a current parallelogram model PM based on a recorded course of the Positions of the overhead line 20 in the past and on the basis of a movement model BM of the vehicle 1 are calculated.
- the tracking unit 72f takes into account a plurality of determined parallelogram models PM from the past and the knowledge of the movement of the vehicle 1 in order to calculate a translation of a parallelogram model PM from the past.
- the tracking can be useful if the result of the extrapolation unit 72e is ambiguous and a decision can be made about several possible parallelogram models PM on the basis of tracking the course of the overhead line 20.
- the detection device 70 also comprises a validation unit 73 for determining a validation result VE of the estimation by comparing the determined model parameter values MP with reference data MP R and depending on how well the sensor point data SPD and the parallelogram model PM parameterized with the model parameter values MP fit together.
- the detection device 70 also has a localization unit 74 for determining the positions P of the contact wires 3 on the basis of the estimate and the validation result VE.
- the determined positions P of the contact wires 3 and the validation result VE are output to a control device 13 via an output interface 75, which is also part of the detection device 70, in order to enable a pantograph to be attached to the contact wires 3.
- FIG 8 shows a schematic representation 80 of a vehicle
- the vehicle 1 in this case a truck, has a pantograph
- the vehicle 1 comprises the detection device 70 according to the invention.
- the detection device 70 according to the invention scans a partial area of the Environment around the pantograph 2 and determines a position P of the contact wires 3 and a validation result VE for this.
- Part of the vehicle 1 is also a control device 13, with which the pantograph 2 is controlled depending on the determined positions P of the contact wires 3 and on the validation result VE.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023201395.9A DE102023201395A1 (de) | 2023-02-17 | 2023-02-17 | Sensorbasierte Detektion eines Fahrdrahts einer Oberleitung |
| PCT/EP2024/053620 WO2024170564A1 (de) | 2023-02-17 | 2024-02-13 | Sensorbasierte detektion eines fahrdrahts einer oberleitung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4612011A1 true EP4612011A1 (de) | 2025-09-10 |
Family
ID=90059555
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24707692.0A Pending EP4612011A1 (de) | 2023-02-17 | 2024-02-13 | Sensorbasierte detektion eines fahrdrahts einer oberleitung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4612011A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN120641292A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102023201395A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024170564A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2985692B1 (fr) * | 2012-01-13 | 2014-01-10 | Sncf | Systeme de mesure permettant de controler la section d'un fil de contact pour ligne d'alimentation electrique aerienne ferroviaire |
| DE102012217791A1 (de) | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Fahrdrahtanordnung und fahrdrahtgebundenes Fahrzeug |
| DE102015213071A1 (de) | 2015-07-13 | 2017-01-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Infrastrukturgestützte Detektion von Fahrleitungen |
| CN117940304A (zh) * | 2021-09-13 | 2024-04-26 | 申克运输系统有限责任公司 | 集电器和操作方法 |
-
2023
- 2023-02-17 DE DE102023201395.9A patent/DE102023201395A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2024
- 2024-02-13 CN CN202480012981.3A patent/CN120641292A/zh active Pending
- 2024-02-13 WO PCT/EP2024/053620 patent/WO2024170564A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2024-02-13 EP EP24707692.0A patent/EP4612011A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN120641292A (zh) | 2025-09-12 |
| DE102023201395A1 (de) | 2024-08-22 |
| WO2024170564A1 (de) | 2024-08-22 |
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