EP4590545A1 - Verbesserung eines betriebs einer bahnstromanlage - Google Patents
Verbesserung eines betriebs einer bahnstromanlageInfo
- Publication number
- EP4590545A1 EP4590545A1 EP23828975.5A EP23828975A EP4590545A1 EP 4590545 A1 EP4590545 A1 EP 4590545A1 EP 23828975 A EP23828975 A EP 23828975A EP 4590545 A1 EP4590545 A1 EP 4590545A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- power system
- traction power
- determined
- control parameter
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60M—POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY- PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60M3/00—Feeding power to supply lines in contact with collector on vehicles; Arrangements for consuming regenerative power
- B60M3/02—Feeding power to supply lines in contact with collector on vehicles; Arrangements for consuming regenerative power with means for maintaining voltage within a predetermined range
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling a traction power system, a traction power system for carrying out the method, a computer program and a computer-readable medium.
- the operation of a traction power system is subject to various types of requirements. For example, reliable, safe and uninterrupted operation must be guaranteed. Such specifications are regulated, among other things, by technical standards, such as EN 50163 or EN 50122. Whether the traction power system meets the necessary requirements must be determined before operations begin. Compliance with specified requirements is therefore usually checked by simulating the operation of a virtual image of a real traction power system and is preferably verified in this way.
- a selection of the 202219370 2 values is usually carried out by experts and on the basis of their experience. In this way, the operation of the traction power system can be improved within the framework of the simulations carried out. However, since the selection of different values of the variable control parameters also significantly influences the simulation course and thus the simulation result, the best result can only be selected from the set of simulations carried out. Finding a global maximum or minimum of a parameter to be optimized is not possible within the framework of this procedure.
- the object of the invention is to improve the operation of a traction power system in a cost-effective manner. In addition, the object of the invention is to improve the energy efficiency of the operation of the traction power system under real-time conditions.
- a traction power system according to the features of the independent device claim. Furthermore, this object is achieved by a computer program according to the features of the independent claim 14 and by a computer-readable medium according to the features of the independent claim 15. Advantageous further developments are the subject of dependent subclaims.
- operating parameters for the purpose of operating the traction power system are determined by means of a simulated operation of a virtual image of the real traction power system.
- a target function is determined on the basis of at least part of the parameters determined in the above-mentioned manner. 202219370 3 operating parameters and at least one variable control parameter.
- a value of the at least one control parameter is determined, to which a target function value is assigned by means of the target function, which deviates by a maximum of 10%, preferably by a maximum of 5% and particularly preferably by a maximum of 2% from an absolute extreme of the target function values.
- the operation of the traction power system is controlled on the basis of the value of the at least one variable control parameter determined in this way.
- the virtual image of the traction power system makes it possible to simulate the movement of electrical consumers, such as vehicles, within the infrastructure of the traction power system. For example, terrain-related conditions such as inclines or declines, a number of consumers and their changing locations can be taken into account.
- the virtual image of the real traction power system makes it possible to reliably determine operating parameters of various electrical sources and electrical sinks.
- the operating parameters mentioned can be, for example, admittances of substations and/or overhead line systems, a spatially and/or temporally determined power requirement of the loads, a spatially and/or temporally available electrical power and/or current-voltage characteristics of the loads and/or substations.
- the control parameter mentioned is a physical parameter, such as an electrical current, an electrical voltage, an electrical power, an admittance or a current-voltage characteristic. Traction power systems are usually voltage-controlled. The control parameter is therefore preferably an electrical voltage.
- This electrical voltage can, for example, be a feed-in voltage of a controlled or uncontrolled substation, a voltage required for the operation of a traction system ... 202219370 4 operating voltage provided for the vehicle or a feedback voltage, by means of which energy is fed back into an electrical traction power network or into another external electrical power network.
- the method according to the invention also makes it possible to optimize the operation of the traction power system quickly and inexpensively with regard to a parameter mapped by the target function, such as electrical power loss, for example. In this way, the optimization of the operation can be realized under real-time conditions.
- the method mentioned makes it possible to optimize the operation of the traction power system on the basis of a single simulation of the operation of the traction power system. Optimization that influences driving operations can thus be easily avoided.
- the value of the at least one variable control parameter is determined on the basis of a predetermined operating time of the traction power system.
- values of the at least one control parameter are determined on the basis of different operating times of the traction power system. For example, operating parameters are determined in relation to different operating times by means of simulating the operation of the traction power system.
- the operating parameters determined for a predetermined operating time can be used. Operating states that change over time can thus be taken into account easily and quickly. This enables improved control. 202219370 5 operation of the traction power system under real-time conditions.
- a further advantageous development provides that the value of the at least one variable control parameter is determined on the basis of location information of a vehicle operated by means of the traction power system. The simulation and thus the determination of the operating parameters can be improved on the basis of the location information. This makes it possible to reduce a deviation of an operating parameter determined by simulation from real conditions.
- a location according to a timetable or duty roster on which the simulation is based deviates from an actual location of a vehicle or if vehicles move in the traction power system without a timetable or duty roster, these can be taken into account simply and reliably.
- the quality of the value determined for the control parameter can thus be improved.
- an advantageous development provides that the value of the at least one variable control parameter is determined on the basis of a predetermined operating period of the traction power system. In this way, differences can be taken into account which, for example, occur due to operation during the day or operation at night, which occur due to seasonal changes, such as external meteorological influences, as well as those which occur due to foreseeable timetable changes.
- values for a control parameter can be determined in this way which can only be changed rarely, only at predetermined times or only with great effort during real operation of the traction power system. In this way, the operation can be optimized simply and reliably, taking into account a time restriction of a possible adjustment of a value for a control parameter.
- the at least one variable control parameter 202219370 6 an electrical operating voltage of a subsystem of the traction power system is determined.
- a subsystem of the traction power system is a functional assembly of the traction power system.
- a subsystem can relate to an electrical consumer operated by the traction power system, an electrical generator, a line system or a substation.
- the consumer mentioned can be, for example, a consumer of a vehicle operated by the traction power system, such as a drive or a lighting system.
- the electrical generator mentioned can, for example, be a braking device of a vehicle, by means of which kinetic energy can be converted into electrical energy.
- a subsystem relates to a predetermined section of the overhead line system. This makes it possible to control the operation of a voltage-controlled traction power system in a simple and cost-effective manner.
- An advantageous embodiment variant provides that a feed-in voltage of a substation of the traction power system is selected as the at least one variable control parameter.
- a substation as a subsystem of the traction power system enables a transformation of an electrical voltage specified by an external power network into an electrical voltage that is fed into a contact line system for the purpose of operating the traction power system.
- the substation is preferably set up to control the feed-in voltage on the basis of a specified target value.
- By controlling the feed-in voltage the greatest optimization potential can be exploited in practice with regard to improved energy efficiency during operation of the traction power system. It is conceivable that an operating voltage of a vehicle and/or a feedback voltage of a substation and/or a vehicle can be selected as a variable control parameter in addition to or as an alternative to the feed-in voltage. Optimization of the operation of the traction power system with regard to energy efficiency can thus be further improved.
- an advantageous development provides that a separate value for the at least one variable control parameter is determined for several subsystems of the traction power system. This makes it possible to reliably take into account a large number of operating conditions and thus to provide precise operation of the traction power system. Individual constellations of sinks and sources of electrical energy as well as their temporal and spatial distribution can be easily and reliably taken into account when determining the value of the control parameter.
- An advantageous embodiment provides that a separate value for the feed-in voltage is determined for different substations. This makes it possible to provide efficient control of the operation of the traction power system, in which only a low power loss occurs.
- an advantageous development provides that at least some of the operating parameters for the purpose of operating the traction power system are determined by means of measurements on the real traction power system. Alternatively or in addition to the operating parameters determined by means of the simulation, measured values of operating parameters can be taken into account easily and reliably when optimizing the operation of the traction power system. In addition, measured values make it possible to identify errors or deviations that are based on the simulation and thus to achieve an improvement in the accuracy of the simulation result. Another advantageous development provides that a target function is created by means of which an electrical power loss is mapped as a function of the at least one variable control parameter.
- a target function is created by means of which electrical transmission losses, electrical losses due to voltage transformation and/or electrical losses due to unused electrical energy generated by a vehicle's braking device are mapped.
- the control parameter influences the aforementioned contributions to the electrical power loss in particular in different ways. By taking into account at least the aforementioned contributions to the electrical power loss, values of the control parameter can be reliably determined, on the basis of which the electrical power loss of the overall system can be reduced. In this way, energy-efficient operation of the traction power system can be achieved while taking competing parameters into account.
- the value of the at least one variable control parameter is determined using a computer-implemented mathematical problem solver.
- a computer-implemented mathematical problem solver is also known to the person skilled in the art under the term "solver".
- a solver makes it possible to solve mathematical problems numerically.
- the use of the computer-implemented mathematical problem solver enables the calculation of mathematical problems.
- 202219370 9 mathematical problem solver provides reliable information about a preferred value of the at least one variable control parameter.
- a particularly quick and reliable solution to a mathematical model can be achieved using the computer-implemented mathematical problem solver.
- the objective function is preferably part of the mathematical model mentioned. In addition to the objective function, additional conditions are particularly preferably taken into account.
- the additional conditions expediently relate to the operation of the traction power system. Values for a plurality of control parameters and a large number of operating times can thus be reliably determined under real-time conditions.
- the determination of an exact value for the at least one variable control parameter with regard to an extremum of the objective function is carried out iteratively. It is possible to estimate how large a distance between an iteratively determined result is relative to a desired result.
- the dual barrier method known to the person skilled in the art is preferably used for this purpose. This opens up the possibility of aborting the calculation of an absolute extremum of the target function in order to save time and computing capacity. This procedure also offers the possibility of accelerating the determination of the values for at least one control parameter.
- Results for controlling the operation of the traction power system under real-time conditions can thus be achieved while saving hardware resources, such as storage space and computing power. Furthermore, a reliable statement can be made about how close a determined value for the control parameter deviates from an absolute extremum of the target function. This can prevent only a local extremum from being used for the purpose of improving the operation of the traction power system.
- the aforementioned mathematical model is an integer quadratic model.
- the aforementioned target function is provided as part of this integer quadratic model. 202219370 10 hen.
- secondary conditions are expediently provided as part of the integer mathematical model. Preferably, predetermined requirements for operation of the traction power system are mapped using the secondary conditions.
- the method according to the invention can be carried out using the traction power system according to the invention.
- the traction power system according to the invention has a control device which is set up to carry out the method according to the invention.
- the control device can be, for example, a computer, a microcontroller, a processor or another programmable hardware component.
- the control device has an electrical component with changeable physical properties. This can be, for example, a transformer with a changeable number of turns of a primary coil and/or a secondary coil.
- the control device is a virtualized hardware resource of a computer cloud or a runtime environment with variable computing and/or storage capacities. The runtime environment mentioned should be understood in the sense of computer science.
- the runtime environment is set up to read, write, transmit and/or manage data. Efficient operation of the traction power system can be realized in this way in a cost-effective and reliable manner.
- the invention provides a computer program which, when executed, causes the control device of the traction power system according to the invention to carry out the method according to the invention.
- the invention provides a computer-readable medium. This has instructions which cause the control device of the traction power system according to the invention to 202219370 11 to carry out the method according to the invention.
- the computer-readable medium can be, for example, a CD-ROM, a DVD, a USB or flash memory or a non-physical medium such as a data stream and/or a data carrier signal.
- FIG 1 a schematic illustration of an example of a method for operating a traction power system
- FIG 2 shows an embodiment of the traction power system, which has a control device by means of which the example of the method illustrated in FIG 1 can be carried out.
- FIG 1 illustrates in a schematic representation an example of a method 100 for operating a traction power system 10.
- operating parameters are first determined by means of a simulated operation of a virtual image of the real traction power system 10. 202219370 12 102.
- the virtual image of the real traction power system 10 makes it possible to take into account the structure of the infrastructure of the traction power system 10, rail operations, properties of the vehicles 18 and the conditions of a site and an environment.
- the simulated operation can thus be used to determine operating parameters of the traction power system 10 102.
- Existing commercial and preferably validated simulation programs are usually used for this purpose.
- the simulated operation of the traction power system 10 can be used to check and prove in a cost-effective manner whether specifications with regard to reliability, availability and/or safety of the operation of the traction power system 10 are met.
- Such requirements are regulated, among other things, in technical standards such as EN 50163 or EN 50122.
- the aforementioned operating parameters are, for example, a power requirement of a load, an electrical power of a braking device 16 generated by converting kinetic energy into electrical energy, an admittance, a voltage, a current or current-voltage characteristics.
- the load can be, for example, a vehicle 18 which is operated by means of the traction power system 10.
- the power requirement can depend on the vehicle 18 itself as well as on a weight to be transported, a type of load and/or a terrain topography.
- the aforementioned admittance can relate to an admittance of a substation 12 or an admittance along a predetermined section of a contact line system 17.
- Such a predetermined section can be, for example, a section between vehicles 18, between a substation 12 and a vehicle 18 or between different substations 12.
- current-voltage characteristics of individual vehicles 18, the overhead line system 17 or sections thereof or substations 12 and other conceivable subsystems 14 of the traction power system 10 can relate.
- the operating parameters determined by means of the simulation are determined by means of measurements on the real traction power system 10 102.
- operating parameters that are difficult to determine by simulation or that are subject to high inaccuracies can be determined easily and with high accuracy.
- errors and/or deviations caused by the simulation can be easily identified in this way. In this way, a deviation between a determined optimization of the operation of the traction power system 10 and an actual optimal operating state of the traction power system 10 can be reduced.
- a target function is created 104 for the purpose of minimizing electrical power loss of the traction power system 10.
- the relevant operating parameters determined 102 in the aforementioned manner are used for this purpose.
- at least one variable control parameter is taken into account when creating 104 the target function.
- resistance-related electrical transmission losses along predetermined sections of the overhead line system 17 electrical losses due to voltage transformation in the substations 12 and electrical losses due to unused electrical energy generated by a braking device 16 of a vehicle 18 are taken into account for the aforementioned purpose.
- Any control parameter relating to a respective subsystem 12, 14, 16 of the traction power system 10 can be selected 110 as a variable control parameter.
- an operating voltage of a subsystem 12, 14, 16 of the traction power system 10 can be controlled. 202219370 14
- Such an operating voltage can be, among other things, a feed-in voltage of a substation 12, a current-voltage characteristic curve of a vehicle 18 and/or a possible feed-in voltage of a substation 12, by means of which a feed-in of excess electronic energy from the traction power system 10 into a traction power network 22 or into another external electrical power network is controlled.
- a feed-in voltage of a substation 12 of the traction power system 10 is selected as a variable control parameter 110.
- the aforementioned objective function is provided as part of a mathematical model.
- this mathematical model also has additional conditions. These additional conditions expediently serve to map requirements for operation of the traction power system 10.
- a value is determined 106 taking the aforementioned conditions into account, to which a target function value is assigned by means of the created target function 104, which deviates by a maximum of 10% from an absolute minimum of the target function values, i.e. an absolute minimum of electrical power loss.
- an integer quadratic model is created as a mathematical model in the present example of the method 100.
- the target function is created 104 and secondary conditions of the aforementioned type are taken into account.
- the aforementioned mathematical model, having the target function is solved by means of a computer-implemented mathematical problem solver.
- a mathematical problem solver is also known to those skilled in the art under the term "solver”. This solver enables a numerical solution to mathematical problems.
- the determination of an exact value for the at least one variable control parameter with regard to 202219370 15 to an extremum of the objective function is carried out iteratively.
- the dual barrier method known to the person skilled in the art is used. This opens up the possibility of aborting the calculation of an absolute extremum in order to save time and computing capacity. In the present case, such an abort takes place, for example, as soon as a value of the feed voltage is determined to which a target function value is assigned using the target function, which deviates by a maximum of 10% from the absolute minimum of the target function values. Taking into account the time and computing effort required, the relative deviation from the absolute extremum can be adapted to predetermined requirements.
- the determined value 106 is specified, for example, as a voltage setpoint for the affected substation 12 of the traction power system 10.
- the method 100 described here as an example in connection with FIG. 1 provides that values of the feed-in voltage are determined 106 on the basis of predetermined operating times or predetermined operating periods of the traction power system 10. This is achieved by using the simulation to determine operating parameters for individual or different operating times 102. At least some of these operating parameters relating to a predetermined operating time are then taken into account in the objective function.
- the mathematical model can thus be solved either with regard to individual time steps or a period of time.
- values for the appropriately selected 110 control parameters can be determined for different operating times 106.
- values of the feed-in voltage can be determined based on different operating times or a single value of a feed-in voltage based on a 202219370 16 a predetermined operating period is determined 106.
- location information of the vehicles 18 operated by means of the traction power system 10 is taken into account. This location information is initially used to determine the operating parameters 102. In this way, actual locations of vehicles 18 that may deviate from timetable data or duty roster data can be identified. Furthermore, vehicles 18 that move in the traction power system 10 neither according to a timetable nor a duty roster can be taken into account.
- a determination 106 of a value of the feed-in voltage on the basis of a predetermined operating period of the traction power system 10 is expediently carried out when an adjustment of the value during operation of the traction power system 10 is only possible at predetermined times or after a predetermined period of time has elapsed.
- a value for a control parameter that can be set to a correspondingly limited extent can still be determined 106. In this way, the most efficient possible operation of the traction power system can be achieved during the specified operating period on the basis of the stated value.
- determining 106 the value of the control parameter on the basis of an operating period enables characteristic properties to be taken into account in the simulation for a specified operating period.
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the traction power system 10, which is set up to carry out the example of the method 100 described above in connection with FIG. 1. 2 is shown schematically.
- two substations 12 are provided, each of which is set up to draw electrical energy from an external power grid 22 and to transform it according to the needs of the traction power system 10.
- the substations 12 are each active, controllable substations 12, for which a setpoint for a feed-in voltage can be specified.
- a voltage provided by the external power grid 22 is transformed in accordance with this setpoint by means of the respective substation 12 to the respectively desired feed-in voltage for the purpose of driving operation using the overhead line system 17.
- the substations 12 are set up, by way of example, to feed excess electrical energy from the traction power system 10 back into the external power grid 22.
- Three vehicles 18 are operated by means of the exemplary embodiment of the traction power system 10 shown in FIG. 2.
- the vehicles 18 are rail-bound vehicles. It is conceivable that the vehicles 18 can be road vehicles which are operated with a catenary system 17.
- each of the three vehicles 18 mentioned has a drive 14 as an exemplary electrical consumer and a braking device 16 as an electrical generator.
- a kinetic energy of the vehicle 18 can be converted into electrical energy by means of the braking device 16.
- the exemplary embodiment of the traction power system 10 shown in FIG. 2 provides a control device 20.
- This control device 20 is set up to carry out the method 100 described in connection with FIG. 1.
- a separate value for the feed-in voltage selected as a control parameter is determined 106 for each of the two substations 12 shown.
- a separate operating voltage value is determined 106 as a control parameter.
- the control device 20 is further designed to determine operating parameters by means of a measurement during ongoing operation of the traction power system 10 102.
- the operation of the traction power system 10 is controlled 108 by means of the control device 20 on the basis of the exemplary determined values for the feed voltage.
- the determined values 106 for the respective feed voltages of a corresponding substation 12 are specified to it as a target value by means of the control device 20 for the purpose of controlling the operation 108.
- the method 100 enables the rapid determination of the most energy-efficient operation of the traction power system, taking into account a predetermined operating period. 10.
- the operation of the traction power system 10 can be carried out with a deviation of at most 10% from an absolute minimum of an electrical power loss represented by the target function.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022214162.8A DE102022214162A1 (de) | 2022-12-21 | 2022-12-21 | Verbesserung eines Betriebs einer Bahnstromanlage |
| PCT/EP2023/084103 WO2024132472A1 (de) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-04 | Verbesserung eines betriebs einer bahnstromanlage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4590545A1 true EP4590545A1 (de) | 2025-07-30 |
Family
ID=89386257
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23828975.5A Pending EP4590545A1 (de) | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-04 | Verbesserung eines betriebs einer bahnstromanlage |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4590545A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022214162A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024132472A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001022178A1 (de) | 1999-09-20 | 2001-03-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren, anordnung und computerprogramm-erzeugnis zur simulation eines technischen systems |
| WO2017158728A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-15 | 2017-09-21 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 直流き電電圧算出装置、直流き電電圧制御システム、および直流き電電圧算出方法 |
| DE102016212494A1 (de) | 2016-07-08 | 2018-01-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Überwachung einer Energieversorgungseinrichtung einer verkehrstechnischen Anlage |
| WO2018225194A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-12-13 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 直流き電電圧算出装置、直流き電電圧制御システム、直流き電電圧算出プログラム、および直流き電電圧算出方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-12-21 DE DE102022214162.8A patent/DE102022214162A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2023
- 2023-12-04 EP EP23828975.5A patent/EP4590545A1/de active Pending
- 2023-12-04 WO PCT/EP2023/084103 patent/WO2024132472A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102022214162A1 (de) | 2024-06-27 |
| WO2024132472A1 (de) | 2024-06-27 |
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