Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
  • H01H33/74—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber wherein the break is in gas
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/52—Cooling of switch parts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/52—Cooling of switch parts
  • H01H2009/526—Cooling of switch parts of the high voltage switches
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
  • H01H2033/888—Deflection of hot gasses and arcing products

Definitions

• the invention relates more particularly to a heat exchanger and to a method of cooling hot gases generated by the breaking that is performed by such a circuit-breaker, and to the associated circuit-breaker structure.
• a typical High-voltage (HV) circuit breaker is known from FR 2946181 , comprising baffles to remove hot gases after an opening of the contacts.
• One or more beam(s) can have a round cross-section (circular or without sharp edge).
• the invention also concerns a circuit breaker comprising a casing extending along an axis XX', a pair of arcing contacts and at least one cooling device according to the invention.
• Said pair of arcing contacts can comprise :
• a circuit breaker according to the invention can further comprise gas exhaust baffles to remove hot gas generated by an opening of said pair of arcing contacts.
• At least one cooling device according to the invention can be located on the path of said hot gas through or along said gas exhaust baffles.
• FIG. 1 An example of a heat exchanger (or cooling device) 10 according to an embodiment of the invention is illustrated on figure 1 .
• Figure 2 shows a simulation of a gas flow through a lattice according to the invention, whereby the gas at the lattice inlet has a temperature of 4000 K (during a short time interval of about 10 ms to 50 ms), at a speed of 30 m/s, and a temperature of 3854 K (at a speed of 25.2 m/s) at the lattice outlet.
• the lattice thus has a cooling effect.
• It also shows a sectional view of a 2D simulation, showing the complex path followed by the gas through the lattice.
• the gas swirls and/or meanders through the lattice, thereby flowing along a large heat exchange surface of the many branches of the lattice.
• the 3D lattice has branches or beams which can be for example cylindrical and which have a size or width (cross-section or larger dimension or diameter in a plane perpendicular to the extension length of the beam) comprised for example between 4 mm and 20 mm for an optimal cooling effect (a size less than 4 mm cannot sustain temperatures of several thousand K and a size larger than 20 mm reduces the number of possible cells). It can be formed by a 3D unit cell, for example Kelvin cells (a Kelvin cell consists of six flat quadrilateral and eight hexagonal faces, which have some curvature). It can be packed to fill all space, in a body-centred cubic arrangement) or octet truss (illustrated on figures 5A and 5B ) repeated in the 3 dimensions of the space.
• Kelvin cells a Kelvin cell consists of six flat quadrilateral and eight hexagonal faces, which have some curvature
• the main structural elements e.g. struts or triangular sheet members
• the main structural elements form equilateral triangles interconnected in a pattern consisting of octahedrons and tetrahedrons with the major axes of all octahedrons in parallelism throughout the framework.
• all such structural elements are comprised within a single octahedron-tetrahedron system, and this apparently yields a new optimum of the intersecting truss surfaces which holds to the integrity of the strength-creating octatetra system.
• the ratio S/V where S is the total surface of the beams of the lattice and V its volume is maximum, it is for example comprised between 500 and 2000m 2 /m 3 .
• the lattice is made by a casting method or 3D printing.
• the lattice will be casted (metal pouring in to mould) with the use of a mould that will be preferably 3D printed.
• the advantage of this method is its low cost .
• the lattice can be 3D-printed with additive printing method which allows even further possibilities for shapes and complexity of the lattice. It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer control, with the material being added together (such as wire or powder grains being fused), typically layer by layer.
• the gas are generated by a breaking operation of circuit breaker, for example as disclosed in FR2946181 or in in US2007/158310 .
• circuit breaker The details of a circuit breaker are not represented on figures 3A and 3B . More details are given for example in FR2946181 or in US2007/158310 .
• a circuit-breaker has a pair of arcing contacts:
• a circuit-breaker also has a pair of main contacts, at least one of them being movable along said axis XX'. During the breaking procedure, said main contacts open first, and then the arcing contacts.
• An actuating system for opening the circuit-breaker comprises for example a rod actuated at one of its ends by a lever 8 mounted to pivot about an axis.
• said two arcing contacts separate, for example at a speed between 1 m/s and 20 m/s.
• a predetermined distance d between them (which can be at a few cm, for example between 2 mm and 300 mm)
• an arc is formed, with a current of up to several Thousands of A, for example between 1 A and 300 kA.
• said gas can comprise both CO 2 and a fluorinated compound, for example heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and/or heptafluoroisopropyl trifluoromethyl ketone.
• a fluorinated compound for example heptafluoroisobutyronitrile and/or heptafluoroisopropyl trifluoromethyl ketone.
• the invention can for example find application in circuit breakers which operate under a very high rated voltage (for example between 10 kV and 1200 kV).

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• Circuit Breakers (AREA)
• Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=89619225

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (1)

Citations (7)

• 2024
  • 2024-01-11 EP EP24151392.8A patent/EP4586296A1/de active Pending

Patent Citations (7)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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