EP4573650A1 - Verfahren zum betreiben eines elektrischen antriebssystems, computerprogrammprodukt, datenträger, elektrisches antriebssystem, kraftfahrzeug - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betreiben eines elektrischen antriebssystems, computerprogrammprodukt, datenträger, elektrisches antriebssystem, kraftfahrzeugInfo
- Publication number
- EP4573650A1 EP4573650A1 EP23733678.9A EP23733678A EP4573650A1 EP 4573650 A1 EP4573650 A1 EP 4573650A1 EP 23733678 A EP23733678 A EP 23733678A EP 4573650 A1 EP4573650 A1 EP 4573650A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrical
- drive system
- power electronics
- battery
- voltage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating an electric drive system, in particular for a motor vehicle, wherein the electric drive system has power electronics, in particular electrical voltage converters, an electric machine that can be controlled by the power electronics and a battery that is electrically connected or connectable to the power electronics, and wherein the power electronics has at least one electrical phase for controlling the electrical machine.
- the electric drive system has power electronics, in particular electrical voltage converters, an electric machine that can be controlled by the power electronics and a battery that is electrically connected or connectable to the power electronics, and wherein the power electronics has at least one electrical phase for controlling the electrical machine.
- the invention further relates to a computer program product that carries out the above method when the computer program product is executed on a computer device.
- the invention also relates to a data carrier with such a computer program product and an electrical drive system with the computer device, which is specifically designed to execute the computer program product or the above-mentioned method.
- the invention relates to a motor vehicle with the electric drive system.
- Corresponding efficiency-optimal current setpoints for the stator currents in the d and q directions of the field-oriented control and for a rotor current are stored, for example, as tables. These values are usually specified for a field-oriented control and a rotor current control, with these setpoint values being set as dynamically and precisely as possible by the corresponding controls. For reasons of efficiency, for example in traction drives for battery-electric vehicles, an efficiency-optimal and therefore low rotor current is set when the torque requirements are low. If a large torque is needed quickly, the rotor current required for this can only be provided after a certain period of time, as described above. Therefore, in particular, a rise limiter is used for the current setpoints for the stator currents so that the necessary rotor current is built up first and then the appropriate stator currents, because without the rotor current the stator currents cannot set sufficient torque.
- the necessary stator currents must be set with the lowest possible intermediate circuit voltage.
- the electrical machine and the power electronics are designed in such a way that they can still provide the required torque at the lowest intermediate circuit voltage. Accordingly, the characteristic maps of the current setpoints for the field-oriented control are calculated for this lowest intermediate circuit voltage.
- the intermediate circuit voltage is comparatively stable, so that it is sufficient to only use maps for a constant intermediate circuit voltage. If, on the other hand, the electrical machine and the power electronics, as provided in the method according to the invention, are connected to a mobile energy storage device, i.e. a battery or an accumulator, operated or supplied with power from it, significantly larger fluctuations in the intermediate circuit voltage can be expected depending on the state of the energy storage.
- the control and the characteristic maps for the current setpoints are set, for example, to the lowest intermediate circuit voltage that occurs in order to ensure that there are sufficient control reserves and that the control behavior leads to advantageous current control.
- the lowest intermediate circuit voltage that occurs i.e. the largest drop in the intermediate circuit voltage
- the lowest intermediate circuit voltage that occurs is usually assumed for a “worst case” state of the battery, in which the battery is, for example, maximally discharged, has a minimum temperature and an advanced or maximum aging state.
- a maximum electrical output of all auxiliary consumers and the drive is usually assumed.
- the method according to the invention with the features of claim 1 is characterized in that at least one voltage value of an electrical intermediate circuit voltage of the power electronics is estimated using a mathematical model of the drive system as a function of a predetermined speed and / or torque requirement for the electric machine, that at least one Current value of an electrical current for one of the phases and / or a rotor of the electrical machine is specified as a function of the speed and / or torque requirement for the electrical machine and the estimated intermediate circuit voltage, and that the electrical machine is controlled as a function of the specified current value becomes.
- an excitation current is usually specified in order, for example, to set a specific torque for the electrical machine, in particular at a predetermined speed of the electrical machine.
- This excitation current becomes minimal depending on a
- the available DC link voltage is selected from a characteristic map (voltage drops under load), whereby a “worse case scenario” (state of battery and drive system) is usually assumed.
- a “worse case scenario” state of battery and drive system
- Current values for the excitation current and stator currents are particularly preferably specified.
- the method according to the invention increases the efficiency of the control because the actual or estimated intermediate circuit voltage when the torque is reached is usually higher than the minimum intermediate circuit voltage that occurs, for example because the battery is fully charged or only partially discharged, new or warm and thus the intermediate circuit voltage under load collapses significantly less than expected.
- the method according to the invention estimates the actually expected (higher) intermediate circuit voltage and, in particular, selects a suitable characteristic map with a higher intermediate circuit voltage for the control, thus optimizing the control.
- the core of the process is an optimization of the corresponding control and regulation concept. In particular, at a known speed for a given torque setpoint, the voltage value of the intermediate circuit voltage is estimated using the mathematical model of the drive system.
- the mathematical model takes into account in particular at least one parameter of the battery, a power value of an electrical consumption power of the electric drive system and/or an efficiency of the electric machine and power electronics, in particular depending on the speed and/or torque requirement.
- the speed is particularly dependent on a driving speed of the motor vehicle if the electric drive system is used in a motor vehicle.
- the torque setpoint is determined in particular by a corresponding control level, for example a control device, and/or depending on a corresponding request of a user of the electric drive system, in particular an acceleration request of the driver of the motor vehicle.
- the current values are In particular, the stator currents and the rotor current, as described above, are set for the torque setpoint at a current speed based on a stationary intermediate circuit voltage of the power electronics.
- the mathematical model takes into account a resistance value of an internal resistance of the battery and/or a voltage value of an electrical open-circuit voltage of the battery.
- the resistance value and/or the voltage value be determined as a function of a battery temperature and/or an age of the battery. Determining the resistance value and/or the voltage value in this way creates a particularly simple way of determining them.
- Particularly preferred are the resistance value and/or the voltage value of one of the batteries assigned control device adapted battery management system based on the temperature and aging of the battery. Because the temperature changes relatively slowly and the aging is very slow, the temperature and aging values are alternatively transmitted to a further control device, in particular a computer device, which carries out the method according to the invention, for example via an already existing vehicle bus, in order to determine the resistance value and/or the Adjust voltage values there.
- the current value for the specified speed or torque requirement is retrieved from a map assigned to the estimated voltage value of the intermediate circuit voltage, in particular a look-up table.
- a map assigned to the estimated voltage value of the intermediate circuit voltage in particular a look-up table.
- the data carrier according to the invention with the features of claim 9 is characterized by the computer program product according to the invention stored thereon.
- the electric drive system in particular for a motor vehicle, with the features of claim 10 has power electronics, in particular an electrical voltage converter, an electrical machine that can be controlled by the power electronics, and a battery that is electrically connected or connectable to the power electronics, the power electronics having at least one electric Phase for controlling the electrical machine.
- the electric drive system is characterized by a computer device that is specifically designed to carry out the method according to the invention or to execute the computer program product according to the invention. This also results in the advantages mentioned above.
- the computer device is a control device assigned to the electric drive system, in particular arranged in the motor vehicle.
- the electrical machine is in particular a separately excited synchronous machine, as described at the beginning.
- the electrical machine is another externally excited machine controlled by power electronics, a permanently excited or electrically excited synchronous machine or an asynchronous machine.
- the electrical one Drive system is intended in particular for use in an industrial machine or a household appliance, especially white goods.
- the motor vehicle with the features of claim 11 is characterized by the electric drive system according to the invention. This also results in the advantages already mentioned.
- Figure 3 shows a second electrical equivalent circuit diagram for the model
- Figure 4 shows a method for operating the drive system.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an electric drive system 1.
- the electric drive system 1 has power electronics 2, in the present case an electrical voltage converter, in particular an inverter, an electrical machine 3 that can be controlled by the power electronics 2 and a battery 4 electrically connected to the power electronics 2.
- power electronics 2 in the present case an electrical voltage converter, in particular an inverter, an electrical machine 3 that can be controlled by the power electronics 2 and a battery 4 electrically connected to the power electronics 2.
- the power electronics 2 is designed to control at least one electrical phase 5, in this case all three electrical phases 5 of the electrical machine 3.
- the power electronics 2 in the present case is assigned to a computer device 6, in particular a control device.
- Figure 2 shows a first electrical equivalent circuit diagram for a mathematical model of the electrical drive system 1. With the help of this model it is possible to determine an intermediate circuit voltage Ui of the power electronics 2 to estimate.
- the equivalent circuit diagram has electrical switching elements that model the parameters of the battery 4 as well as electrical auxiliary consumers and the drive itself.
- the electrical equivalent circuit diagram is derived from equivalent circuit diagrams known from the specialist literature.
- the parameters of the battery 4 are shown as two electrical resistors Ri, R2, which are each connected in parallel to capacities Ci, C2 and thus form RC elements.
- Another resistor Ro and an inductor Lo are arranged in series.
- the battery 4 has an open-circuit voltage Uo and an output voltage U2.
- an auxiliary consumer characterized by an electrical power P 3 , an electrical current l 3 and an electrical voltage U3 is connected to the battery 4 .
- the power electronics 2 is connected to the battery 4, with further losses, in particular line losses in a cabling, for example an on-board electrical system, between the battery 4 and the power electronics 2, being represented by a further resistor R4 and an inductance L4.
- the corresponding intermediate circuit voltage Ui, an intermediate circuit current h and an intermediate circuit power Pi are then produced at the power electronics 2. Knowing the values of the corresponding electrical components, these can be estimated using the model.
- resistor R5 represents the overall internal resistance of the battery.
- the open-circuit voltage Uo and the internal resistance R5 are sufficient Parameters of the battery 4.
- the losses between and in the cabling and power electronics 2 are only represented by the resistor R4.
- the other electrical components are omitted.
- a step S1 the method begins with receiving a predetermined speed and/or torque request for the electric machine 3.
- the computer device 6 is specifically designed to carry out the method described below or a computer program product executing the method.
- a step S2 at least one voltage value of an electrical intermediate circuit voltage Ui of the power electronics 2 is estimated using a mathematical model, preferably based on the equivalent circuit diagram for the mathematical model shown in FIG. 3, depending on the speed and/or torque requirement.
- the mathematical model takes into account in particular at least one resistance value of an internal resistance R5 of the battery 4 and a voltage value of an electrical open-circuit voltage Uo of the battery 4. These are determined in particular as a function of a battery temperature and/or an age of the battery 4.
- the mathematical model further takes into account in particular at least one power value of an electrical consumption power P3 of an electrical consumer connected to the battery 4, a power value of an electrical drive power of the drive system 1, and/or losses in or between cabling and power electronics 2, in particular characterized by a resistance value of a corresponding one Resistor R4, as described above.
- a step S3 at least one current value of an electrical current for one of the phases 5 and/or a rotor of the electrical machine 3 is determined depending on the speed and/or torque requirement for the electrical machine 3 and the intermediate circuit voltage Ui estimated in step S2 specified.
- the current value is retrieved in particular from a map assigned to the estimated voltage value of the intermediate circuit voltage Ui.
- the electrical machine 3 is finally controlled depending on the predetermined current value. This ends the procedure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022208481.0A DE102022208481A1 (de) | 2022-08-16 | 2022-08-16 | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Antriebssystems, Computerprogrammprodukt, Datenträger, elektrisches Antriebssystem, Kraftfahrzeug |
| PCT/EP2023/065886 WO2024037755A1 (de) | 2022-08-16 | 2023-06-14 | Verfahren zum betreiben eines elektrischen antriebssystems, computerprogrammprodukt, datenträger, elektrisches antriebssystem, kraftfahrzeug |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4573650A1 true EP4573650A1 (de) | 2025-06-25 |
Family
ID=86942065
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23733678.9A Pending EP4573650A1 (de) | 2022-08-16 | 2023-06-14 | Verfahren zum betreiben eines elektrischen antriebssystems, computerprogrammprodukt, datenträger, elektrisches antriebssystem, kraftfahrzeug |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4573650A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN119731934A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022208481A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024037755A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012222220A1 (de) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Traktionsantriebssystems und dazugehörige Steuerungsvorrichtung |
-
2022
- 2022-08-16 DE DE102022208481.0A patent/DE102022208481A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-06-14 WO PCT/EP2023/065886 patent/WO2024037755A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-14 CN CN202380059963.6A patent/CN119731934A/zh active Pending
- 2023-06-14 EP EP23733678.9A patent/EP4573650A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024037755A1 (de) | 2024-02-22 |
| CN119731934A (zh) | 2025-03-28 |
| DE102022208481A1 (de) | 2024-02-22 |
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