EP4562421A1 - Méthode et dispositif d'imagerie par ultrasons à complexité de traitement réduite - Google Patents
Méthode et dispositif d'imagerie par ultrasons à complexité de traitement réduiteInfo
- Publication number
- EP4562421A1 EP4562421A1 EP23745215.6A EP23745215A EP4562421A1 EP 4562421 A1 EP4562421 A1 EP 4562421A1 EP 23745215 A EP23745215 A EP 23745215A EP 4562421 A1 EP4562421 A1 EP 4562421A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- point
- ultrasonic
- database
- impact
- transducer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4472—Mathematical theories or simulation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/08—Clinical applications
- A61B8/0808—Clinical applications for diagnosis of the brain
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/043—Analysing solids in the interior, e.g. by shear waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
- G01N29/0654—Imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/262—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by electronic orientation or focusing, e.g. with phased arrays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/023—Solids
- G01N2291/0234—Metals, e.g. steel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/024—Mixtures
- G01N2291/02483—Other human or animal parts, e.g. bones
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/10—Number of transducers
- G01N2291/106—Number of transducers one or more transducer arrays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/269—Various geometry objects
- G01N2291/2694—Wings or other aircraft parts
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of ultrasound and applies in particular to the non-destructive testing of parts by ultrasound method or to focused ultrasound therapy or to transcranial cerebral ultrasound imaging.
- the invention relates more precisely to a method and a device for calculating ultrasound paths to determine focusing laws or carry out ultrasound imaging with reduced processing complexity.
- Ultrasonic non-destructive testing techniques aim to detect and characterize (locate, size) defects in industrial parts or installations.
- Multi-element translators are increasingly used in the industrial field due to their flexibility of use and the wealth of data to which they provide access.
- Optimal exploitation of this data for the detection and characterization of defects requires the implementation of new a posteriori imaging techniques.
- the so-called All-Point Focusing (FTP) method consists of a synthetic focusing of the fields emitted and received by coherent summation of data from an acquisition of the Full Matrix Capture (FMC) or inter-element matrix type. In the field of health, this method also applies to brain imaging or therapy through the cranial wall.
- FTP All-Point Focusing
- Ultrasound imaging methods generally require a calculation of the path of the ultrasound wave from the center of each element to the point of interest, focal point or point to be imaged or more generally to the plane of wave, respecting the principles of transmission at the different interfaces which separate the different homogeneous media that the wave passes through.
- An objective is to describe the two-dimensional or three-dimensional propagation of ultrasonic waves passing between a source point (the ultrasonic transmitter) and an observation point (the point of the structure to be imaged), between which there is a structure presenting one or more diffracting interfaces. Diffracting interfaces can cause heterogeneities in ultrasonic propagation and include structural defects.
- the modeling of wave paths takes into account in particular the Huygens-Fresnel principle according to which each point of an interface reached by a wave behaves as a secondary diffraction source and the geometric theory of diffraction which is based on Fermat's principle according to which a wave propagates from one point to another on trajectories, of ray traced types, such that the duration of the journey is locally stationary, that is to say in minimal practice.
- An objective of the invention is to propose a new, less complex method which makes it possible to avoid the iterative digital resolutions necessary for calculating the impact points.
- the invention solves the aforementioned problem by using a database in which pre-calculated values of the impact points and/or the flight times of the ultrasonic waves are saved for different surface models of parts.
- the method then consists of querying the database in order to select the surface models which best approximate the new surface of the part to be imaged and deducing the values of the points of impact and times of flight. by simple querying of the base or by means of an interpolation of several values of the base.
- the invention applies to the field of non-destructive testing of parts or structures, particularly for nuclear applications (inspection of a reactor vessel), aeronautics (integrity control of the structure of an aircraft), transport or metallurgy.
- the invention also applies to the field of therapy and transcranial brain imaging.
- this type of imaging is mainly carried out by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or x-ray tomography (CT).
- MRI magnetic resonance imaging
- CT x-ray tomography
- MRI magnetic resonance imaging
- ultrasound ultrasound methods are less expensive, less bulky in terms of equipment, faster and less invasive, which allows their use in the pre-hospital environment.
- the invention relates to a method for determining ultrasonic wave paths using a device comprising at least one multi-element emitting transducer comprising a plurality of elements capable of emitting an ultrasonic signal in a zone of a part and at least one multi-element receiver transducer comprising a plurality of elements capable of receiving one of the ultrasonic signals coming from the part, the transmitter transducer and the receiver transducer being movable relative to the part, the method including the steps of:
- Receive a database comprising, for different relative positions of an ultrasonic element relative to a reference part, a model of at least one surface of the reference part in a predetermined zone of interest in the form of a continuous function giving the coordinates of the surface in a reference frame linked to the ultrasonic element, the database comprising furthermore for each surface model, an estimate of the coordinates of at least one point of impact, on the at least one surface of the part, of an ultrasonic wave propagating from/towards the ultrasonic element to/from a predefined point of the reference part and/or an estimate of a flight time corresponding to the path of said ultrasonic wave,
- i. Determine a model of the surface of the part in the same area of interest in the form of a continuous function giving the coordinates of the surface in a reference system linked to the device, ii. Determine, from the database, a surface model closest to the surface model of the part and deduce it, from the impact points saved in the database and/or the associated flight times, a point of impact and/or a time of flight of an ultrasonic wave propagating from/towards an element of the transmitter/receiver transducer towards/from a point of the part to be imaged with the same coordinates as the point P, iii. Determine, from the point of impact and/or the flight time, a path of the ultrasound wave associated with point P.
- the step of determining, from the database, a surface model closest to the surface model of the part is carried out by searching in the database the closest continuous function, in the area of interest, to the model of the surface of the part then selecting the point of impact and/or the associated time of flight from the database.
- the step of determining, from the database, a surface model closest to the surface model of the part is carried out by selecting from the database the N closest continuous functions in the zone of interest with N an integer strictly greater than 1, then determining the point of impact or the flight time by interpolation of the impact points or flight times associated with the N continuous functions selected.
- the continuous function is a polynomial function.
- the surface models contained in the database are generated randomly or from a sample of points belonging to a reference surface.
- the part comprises several surfaces corresponding to several interfaces between different propagation media and the database comprises several surface models for a path between an element of the device and a point P of the piece
- the zone of interest of the part corresponds to a sliding window of fixed size which moves on the surface of the part with the movement of the mobile transducers.
- the invention also relates to a device for determining ultrasonic wave paths, the device comprising at least one emitting ultrasonic transducer comprising at least one ultrasonic element capable of emitting an ultrasonic signal in a room and at least one transducer ultrasonic receiver comprising at least one ultrasonic element capable of receiving one of the ultrasonic signals coming from the part, the transducers being movable relative to the part, the device comprising storage means and calculation means configured together to implement the steps of the method according to the invention.
- the transmitting ultrasonic transducer and the receiving ultrasonic transducer are produced by a single transducer.
- the device according to the invention further comprises means for displaying the image of the part obtained.
- the invention also relates to a method, implemented by computer, for generating a database of ultrasonic paths comprising the steps of:
- Construct a database comprising for each relative position of an ultrasonic element relative to a reference part, the model of at least one surface of the reference part, the coordinates of the at least one point of impact and /or estimated flight time.
- the invention also relates to a computer program comprising code instructions for implementing the method according to the invention, when said program is executed on a computer.
- the invention also relates to a computer-readable or downloadable recording medium on which the computer program according to the invention is recorded.
- FIG. 1 represents a diagram of an ultrasonic inspection system according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 represents a diagram illustrating a path of an ultrasonic wave emitted by an element of a transducer
- FIG. 3 represents a flowchart describing the steps of a method for generating a database of ultrasonic paths according to one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 4a represents an example of modeling different surfaces by polynomials of degrees 3
- FIG. 5 represents a flowchart describing the steps of an ultrasound imaging method according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Each element of the ultrasonic transducer can be produced using a piezoelectric sensor or any other type of sensor capable of emitting and receiving an ultrasonic wave.
- the transducer(s) TR can be positioned in contact with the structure S to be imaged or separated from it by a coupler, for example a liquid such as water. They can also be placed on a shoe having a given geometry which serves as a coupler between the sensor and the part.
- a coupler for example a liquid such as water. They can also be placed on a shoe having a given geometry which serves as a coupler between the sensor and the part.
- the transducer(s) TR are connected to a processing unit coupled to a database to implement the imaging method according to the invention.
- the ultrasonic inspection system is configured to image the structure S at different points P located in a zone of interest F which moves with the transducer(s) TR.
- the points P are identified by their coordinates (x,z) in a fixed reference linked to the transducer for operation in two dimensions or (x,y,z) for operation in three dimensions.
- the structure S can be a homogeneous and isotropic part but also a heterogeneous and/or anisotropic part.
- the zone of interest F corresponds to a sliding inspection window which moves with the transducer TR so as to scan the surface of the structure to be imaged.
- the zone of interest F is therefore fixed in the reference R linked to the transducer TR.
- the movement D of the sensors can be a rectilinear movement or a more complex movement which depends on the geometry of the part.
- Figure 2 schematically shows a path of an ultrasonic wave emitted by an element Ei of a transducer TR located at a height z of the surface S of a part to be imaged.
- the path of the wave between the emitter Ei and a point Pj located on the focusing line L passes through an impact point lj on the surface S of the part which constitutes a diffraction interface.
- the invention proposes a new method making it possible to avoid carrying out this costly calculation for each point of the structure to be imaged.
- the method according to the invention comprises two phases: a first phase of constructing a database of ultrasound paths for a structure S or a part having a predefined shape for this first phase, then a second imaging phase ultrasound applied to a new part to be imaged, from the data saved in the database during the first phase.
- a first phase of constructing a database of ultrasound paths for a structure S or a part having a predefined shape for this first phase then a second imaging phase ultrasound applied to a new part to be imaged, from the data saved in the database during the first phase.
- Figure 3 schematizes, on a flow chart, the steps of implementing a method for constructing a database of ultrasonic paths according to the first phase of the invention.
- a reference or calibration part or structure is chosen using which the ultrasonic path database is constructed.
- the zone of interest can consist of a sliding window F of given dimension which moves with the movement of the sensor au- above the part so that the window of interest is fixed in a reference linked to the sensor.
- the zone of interest F can be a zone in three dimensions, for example a cube or a block of predefined dimensions depending on the size of the area that we wish to image or the resolution of the imaging.
- the points P are identified by their coordinates (x,y,z) in a fixed reference linked to the transducer.
- the zone of interest delimits the area of the part to be imaged for a given position of the sensor.
- the zone of interest F is shown for an element Ei of a transducer.
- the database construction phase shown in Figure 3 does not require measurements from a transducer and a part, this phase can be carried out entirely by simulation. To do this, we consider a single element Ei whose position moves in the zone of interest F.
- the first step 301 consists of determining a description of the surface of the structure in the zone of interest in the reference linked to the element Ei.
- the description of the surface is different because expressed in a different reference frame.
- This description is carried out by estimating one or more functions which make it possible to define the surface in a reference linked to the sensor.
- the function is a polynomial function whose degree depends on the complexity of the structure.
- the function is a polynomial of degree n which is defined by the following relation, n is a strictly positive integer for example equal to 3:
- the function f(x) can be obtained by a polynomial regression using an algorithm of the “Moving Least Square” or MLS type, as described in reference [5], which takes as input a set of points on the surface of the structure defined by their coordinates in a reference frame linked to the sensor and whose origin is located on the first element of the sensor.
- step 302 for a set of points of interest Pj (focal point or point to be imaged) of the part, a point of impact j and an ultrasonic path between the ultrasonic element Ei and said point Pj.
- Pj focal point or point to be imaged
- This calculation can be carried out by any method known from the prior art, for example by means of an iterative Newton-Raphson algorithm described in reference [6] or the brute force method described in reference [7 ],
- step 302 the coefficients of the polynomial(s) which describe the surface of the part in the zone of interest for each position of the ultrasound element, the coordinates of each point of interest in the area to be imaged, the coordinates of the point of impact and the flight time of the path for each pair associating a transmitter with a point of interest.
- step 301 is no longer carried out from a known structure for which coordinates of points on the surface are available but the polynomials describing a surface are generated randomly, for example by doing vary the coefficients of the polynomials within predefined value ranges.
- the polynomials correspond to a linear combination of a polynomial base which makes it possible to exactly represent all the polynomials describing the regular surface of the part.
- Figure 4a represents a set of polynomials obtained in step 301 for different positions of an ultrasonic element E in a sliding window F.
- the sensor is arranged at a height H from the surface and separated from it by water.
- Figure 4b gives an example of minimum and maximum values of the coefficients of the polynomials of Figure 4a which are of degrees 3 for different positions of the element E, the polynomials all being represented in a reference system linked to the element E.
- the method described above is applied identically for several superimposed surfaces in the case where it is desired to image a structure composed of several media separated by interfaces.
- a human skull can be modeled by several layers corresponding to different propagation environments and separated by interfaces.
- each surface is modeled by one or more functions and a path is calculated between the element E and a point to be imaged, this path crossing each surface at a distinct point of impact, there is therefore as much of impact points to calculate as well as surfaces crossed by the ultrasonic wave, each surface being diffracting.
- Figure 5 represents the steps of an imaging method according to one embodiment of the invention. This method corresponds to the second phase of the invention and exploits the content of the database constructed during the first previous phase.
- the objective of the imaging method is to image a part or a three-dimensional structure or a brain after passing through a human skull using a single-element or multi-element transducer.
- a description of the surface(s) of the part to be imaged is determined from a sample of points belonging to this surface in the same manner as in step 301 of the method described in Figure 3.
- the BD database determined during the first phase is used to image the part with reduced computational complexity.
- the part to be imaged has a surface close to that used to construct the database BD but this is not obligatory.
- step 502 for each point of the part to be imaged, we search for the elements of the database BD closest to the desired configuration. In other words, we express the coordinates of the point of interest in the local reference linked to the transducer, then we search in the database BD for the closest point of interest. We also search, in the database BD, for the polynomial or polynomial combination whose coefficients are closest to those defining the new surface as obtained in step 501.
- step 503 the impact point(s) which have been precalculated for the point of interest and the surface identified in step 502 are extracted from the database. can also directly extract the precalculated associated flight time.
- an imaging step 504 is carried out using a known method, for example of the FTP all-point focusing or plane wave imaging (PWI) type.
- PWI plane wave imaging
- Steps 502 and 503 can be carried out in different ways.
- interpolation can be used to calculate an impact point from several impact points stored in the BD database and corresponding to several functions describing several surfaces closest to the surface of the new part to be imaged.
- the proximity between two surfaces can be determined by comparing the coefficients of polynomial functions using an error criterion, for example a quadratic error criterion or a term-to-term error criterion.
- the interpolation used can be a linear or bilinear, cubic or bicubic interpolation or even a multivariate interpolation of the RBF or Kriging type as described in references [3], [4],
- step 501 The description of the surface of the new part obtained in step 501 as well as the calculations of impact points and flight times obtained in step 503 can be used to enrich the BD database with these new elements.
- the interpolation can be applied directly to the time-of-flight values stored in the database for different surfaces closest to the surface of the new part.
- the method described in Figure 5 can be implemented using the device described in Figure 1.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Algebra (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2207753A FR3138525A1 (fr) | 2022-07-28 | 2022-07-28 | Méthode et dispositif d’imagerie par ultrasons à complexité de traitement réduite |
| PCT/EP2023/070673 WO2024023136A1 (fr) | 2022-07-28 | 2023-07-26 | Méthode et dispositif d'imagerie par ultrasons à complexité de traitement réduite |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4562421A1 true EP4562421A1 (fr) | 2025-06-04 |
Family
ID=84362338
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23745215.6A Pending EP4562421A1 (fr) | 2022-07-28 | 2023-07-26 | Méthode et dispositif d'imagerie par ultrasons à complexité de traitement réduite |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4562421A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3138525A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024023136A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009117419A2 (fr) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-09-24 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute | Système virtuel interactif pour la formation en ultrasons |
| CN105549016B (zh) * | 2011-09-26 | 2018-11-02 | 安大略发电有限公司 | 超声矩阵检验 |
-
2022
- 2022-07-28 FR FR2207753A patent/FR3138525A1/fr active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-07-26 WO PCT/EP2023/070673 patent/WO2024023136A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-07-26 EP EP23745215.6A patent/EP4562421A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3138525A1 (fr) | 2024-02-02 |
| WO2024023136A1 (fr) | 2024-02-01 |
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