EP4543797A1 - Chariot élévateur autonome de levage et transport de charge, et procédé associé - Google Patents
Chariot élévateur autonome de levage et transport de charge, et procédé associéInfo
- Publication number
- EP4543797A1 EP4543797A1 EP23736185.2A EP23736185A EP4543797A1 EP 4543797 A1 EP4543797 A1 EP 4543797A1 EP 23736185 A EP23736185 A EP 23736185A EP 4543797 A1 EP4543797 A1 EP 4543797A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- load
- detection
- fork
- detection device
- arms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/063—Automatically guided
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/0755—Position control; Position detectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
- B66F9/24—Electrical devices or systems
Definitions
- TITLE Autonomous forklift for lifting and transporting loads, and associated method
- the present invention relates to the field of autonomous vehicles for the automated transport of loads, such as autonomous forklifts.
- Automated forklifts are an example of such vehicles and allow, for example, loading, transporting and positioning a load at height without human intervention.
- forklifts are conventionally equipped with mechanical sensors arranged on the vertical uprights of the fork used for lifting and transporting these loads.
- Such mechanical sensors are in the form of pivoting stops between an deployed position corresponding to a load absent or not resting against said stop, and a retracted position corresponding to a load resting against said stop.
- one solution consists of equipping forklifts with telemeters.
- rangefinders that use point measurement cannot detect all types of load. This can for example be the case when the load to be detected includes holes or bores, as is particularly the case for tires.
- the aim of the invention is therefore to propose an autonomous forklift capable of detecting the loads to be transported remotely and without contact, with high detection reliability whatever the size or shape of the loads. to detect.
- the subject of the invention is an autonomous forklift comprising a vertically movable fork and provided with at least two arms for lifting loads, a drive system for moving the forklift and a control unit capable of controlling the operation of the drive system to autonomously guide the forklift.
- the forklift further comprises a device for contactless detection of a load, said detection device being mobile jointly with the fork and arranged above the arms of said fork.
- the detection device is capable of emitting a light beam scanning at least one predefined flat detection zone located above at least one of the arms of the fork to detect the presence or absence of a load to be lifted.
- control unit receives information representative of the presence or absence of the load to be lifted in said predefined flat detection zone coming from the contactless detection device.
- control unit is able to control the operation of the drive system and the vertical movement of the fork as a function of this information.
- said predefined flat detection zone scanned by the light beam emitted by the contactless detection device is horizontal.
- said predefined flat detection zone scanned by the light beam emitted by the contactless detection device is located above the two arms.
- said flat detection zone can extend laterally at least partly beyond the transverse dimensions of said fork arms.
- the contactless detection device can scan two distinct flat detection zones, namely a first predefined flat detection zone located above a first arm of the fork and a second predefined flat detection zone located above. above a second arm of the fork different from the first.
- the fork comprises at least two uprights supporting the arms, the contactless detection device being arranged on one of the uprights.
- the autonomous forklift further comprises a stop arranged on each of the uprights of the fork and pivoting between a deployed position corresponding to a load absent or not resting against said stop and a retracted position corresponding to a load resting against said stop, the contactless detection device placed on said upright being located at -above the associated stop.
- the trolley is not equipped with these stops.
- the autonomous forklift includes an on-board tracking device configured to acquire position data of the forklift and communicating with the control unit.
- the contactless detection device is separate from the location device.
- the invention relates to a method of lifting and transporting a load by an autonomous forklift as described above.
- the lifting and transport process includes:
- the first predefined detection zone is defined by four points delimiting a rectangle.
- the method can comprise, before the step of lifting the load, a second step of detecting the successive load by the contactless detection device, the step of lifting the load being carried out if the load is detected during the second detection step.
- the load lifting step is carried out after a timing step itself carried out after the first detection step.
- the second load detection step can be carried out in at least a second predefined detection zone located inside said first detection zone on the side of the contactless detection device.
- said load detection step is carried out in a flat detection zone which is common to the arms of the fork.
- said load detection step is carried out in two flat, distinct detection zones which are each specific to one of the two arms of the fork.
- the method may comprise, during the step of moving the autonomous forklift and transporting the load, a sub-step of controlling the rotation of the load by the contactless detection device, controlling the rotation of the load being carried out in relation to each detection zone which is specific to one of the two arms of the fork, the step of moving the autonomous forklift and transporting the load being stopped if the load is not detected simultaneously in said two detection zones.
- the method can comprise, during the step of moving the forklift autonomously and transporting the load, a sub-step of controlling the position of the load by the contactless detection device, the control of the position of the load being carried out in relation to said first detection zone, the step of moving the autonomous forklift and transporting the load being stopped if the load is not detected in said first detection zone.
- the method can comprise, during the step of moving the forklift autonomously and transporting the load, a sub-step of controlling the position of the load by the contactless detection device, the control of the position of the load being carried out in relation to at least one predefined detection zone representative of a sliding of the load and located outside said first detection zone on the side of the contactless detection device, the moving step of the autonomous forklift and transport of the load being stopped if the load is detected in said predefined detection zone representative of a slippage of the load.
- FIG 1 is a perspective view of an autonomous forklift according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- FIG 2 schematically illustrates the forklift of Figure 1 during its use
- FIG 3 is a partial top view of the forklift of Figure 1 on which is schematically represented a first load detection zone;
- FIG 4 illustrates the flowchart of a lifting and load transport method according to one mode of implementation of the invention
- FIG 5 is a partial top view of the forklift of Figure 1 on which two load tilting detection zones are schematically represented;
- FIG 6 illustrates a flowchart of a lifting and load transport method according to another mode of implementation of the invention
- FIG 7 is a partial top view of the forklift of Figure 1 on which first and second load detection zones are schematically represented;
- FIG 8 illustrates a flowchart of a lifting and load transport method according to another mode of implementation of the invention
- FIG 9 is a partial top view of the forklift of Figure 1 on which is schematically represented a load sliding detection zone.
- Figure 1 shows the main elements of an autonomous forklift 1 according to one embodiment of the invention.
- the architecture of the forklift 1 is given as an example and does not limit the invention to the sole configuration of the architecture presented. It is understood that the invention also relates to forklifts intended to operate in manual mode and which have been adapted to allow a second mode of operation in automatic mode.
- the autonomous forklift 1 illustrated in Figure 1 comprises a fork-carrying apron 3 provided with a fork 4 comprising two arms 4a, 4b spaced laterally and extending forward.
- the fork 4 also includes two uprights 4'a, 4'b each supporting one of the arms 4a, 4b.
- the arms 4a, 4b of the fork are generally used to insert into insertion tunnels provided in the transport pallets supporting the loads to be lifted.
- the uprights 4'a, 4'b make it possible to lift the arms 4a, 4b in order to be able to lift a pallet to be transported or another type of load and to be able to place or catch a pallet or another type of load at height.
- the fork 4 is capable of moving in translation in a vertical plane V defined by the fork-carrying apron 3, along a vertical mast 5 of the carriage.
- the uprights 4'a, 4'b can slide along the mast 5.
- the arms 4a, 4b of the fork are parallel.
- the longitudinal axes of the arms 4a, 4b of the fork 4 are parallel. These longitudinal axes are oriented parallel to a horizontal axis X, and define a horizontal plane H called lifting plane.
- the arms 4a, 4b of the fork 4 are perpendicular to the vertical plane V.
- the arms 4a, 4b of the fork are also preferably movable laterally relative to each other.
- the arms of the fork 4 could also be telescopic or retractable, and/or angularly orientable around their longitudinal axis.
- the carriage 1 further comprises a mechanical stop 6 arranged on each of the uprights 4'a, 4'b of the fork and pivotally mounted between a deployed position corresponding to a load absent or not resting against said stop, and a retracted position corresponding to a load resting against said stop.
- the stops 6 are mounted at the lower end of the uprights 4'a, 4'b. In Figure 1, one of the stops 6 is shown in the deployed position and the other stop is shown in the retracted position for reasons of understanding.
- the cart 1 is equipped with a drive system 7 allowing the movement of the cart 1.
- the drive system comprises at least one electric or thermal motor (not shown) allowing the driving of the wheels (not referenced) of the carriage 1.
- the truck 1 is also equipped with an on-board location device 8, and an on-board control unit 9 (figure 2) receiving information from the location device 8 to autonomously control the movement of the forklift.
- an on-board control unit 9 (figure 2) receiving information from the location device 8 to autonomously control the movement of the forklift.
- the control unit 9 comprises the hardware and software means for controlling the operation of the drive system 7 as a function of the information received from the locating device 8.
- the control unit 9 also makes it possible to control the automatic movement of the fork 4 .
- the carriage 1 is also equipped with a contactless detection device 10 which is arranged above the arms 4a, 4b of the fork 4.
- the detection device 10 is fixed on the upright 4' a of the fork and is located above arms 4a, 4b. In the illustrated embodiment, the detection device 10 is fixed on the upright 4'a above the associated stop 6.
- the contactless detection device 10 is movable jointly with the upright 4'a of the fork.
- the detection device 10 is distinct from the location device 7.
- the detection device 10 is capable of emitting a light beam scanning at least one predefined flat detection zone located above the arms 4a, 4b to detect the presence of a load at raise by intersection of the light beam by said load inside said predefined flat detection zone.
- the detection device 10 is configured to acquire position data of the load to be lifted, and to transmit to the control unit 9 information representative of the presence or absence of the load detected inside the predefined flat detection area. Depending on the information received, the control unit 9 then controls the operation of the drive system 7 and the vertical movement of the fork 4.
- the detection device 10 can for example be a laser sensor of the Lidar type.
- the control unit 9 controls the operation of the carriage 1 to bring it closer to the shelving 13 and the lifting of the arms of the fork 4 to position them in relation to the load 12 to be lifted.
- the trolley 1 is controlled by the control unit 9 based on the data from the locating device 8.
- the trolley 1 is controlled to keep a minimum safety distance d relative to the shelving 13.
- the carriage 1 is controlled to keep a minimum horizontal safety distance between the cantilevered end of the arms of the fork 4 and the rack 13 in order to allow the safe passage of the arms above the rack 13.
- the detection device 10 emits a light beam 14 scanning at least a first predefined flat detection zone 15 located above the arms 4a, 4b of the fork. Vertical projection of the detection zone 15 covers the arms 4a, 4b of the fork and the transverse space separating these arms.
- the detection zone 15 is defined by four distinct points delimiting a rectangle, such as points B, C, D and E in Figure 3.
- Point A schematically represents the emission point of the light beam 14 at the output of the device 10.
- the detection zone 15 is here horizontal. Alternatively, it could be possible to provide a zone 15 inclined relative to the horizontal.
- the long side of the rectangle delimited by points B, C, D and E has a length y greater than the transverse dimensions of the arms 4a, 4b of the fork, and the detection zone 15 is centered relative to these arms. In other words, the flat detection zone 15 extends laterally beyond the transverse dimensions of the arms 4a, 4b of the fork.
- the width w of the short side of the rectangle delimited by points B, C, D and E, and therefore the depth of the detection zone 15, can be equal to 50 mm.
- the detection device 10 is configured to detect whether the load 12 is inside the detection zone 15.
- the charge 12 is detected by the device 10 as being present when it intersects the light ray 14 and it is inside the detection zone 15.
- the detection device 10 is capable of detecting that the load is inside the first detection zone 15 by measuring the distance.
- the detection device 10 detects that the distance separating it from the load 12 is outside of the predefined flat detection zone 15, then the device 10 detects an absence of the load 12 in said detection zone.
- Process 20 begins with the pre-positioning step 21, during which the control unit 9 controls the carriage 1 to position it directly above the load 12 to be lifted and to position the arms 4a, 4b of the fork 4 vertically at the level thereof.
- control unit 9 controls the carriage 1 to bring the arms 4a, 4b closer to the load 12.
- the process then continues with a first step 23 of detecting the load carried out by the device 10.
- the device 10 detects whether the load 12 is inside the detection zone 15 ( Figure 3). This is the case if the load 12 intersects the light ray 14 emitted by the device 10 and if the load is located inside the detection zone 15.
- the device 10 transmits to the control unit 9 the information representative of the presence or absence of the load to be lifted in the detection zone 15.
- the control unit 9 initializes in step 24 a time delay value T equal to a predetermined value t.
- the predetermined value t can be configured by the control unit 9 as a function of the speed of movement of the carriage 1.
- the control unit 9 checks using sensors (not referenced) in the following step 25, if the minimum safety distance d has been reached or the fictitious destination point has been reached. If this is the case, the control unit 9 stops the carriage 1 in step 26 to allow it to be put in order by an operator. If this is not the case, the control unit 9 controls the carriage 1 to continue to bring the arms 4a, 4b closer to the load 12 by restarting at step 22.
- the control unit 9 decreases the time delay value T d a predetermined value x during a step 28a, and checks in the following step 28b whether the time value T is less than or equal to 0. If this is not the case, the control unit 9 controls the cart 1 to continue to bring the arms 4a, 4b closer to the load 12 by restarting at step 22.
- control unit 9 carries out the lifting of the load by issuing a lifting instruction in step 29. Then, the control unit 9 controls the movement of the cart 1 and the transport of the load during step 30. To do this, the control unit 9 uses the information received from the location device 8 to move the forklift 1 towards the intended destination of the load 12 to transport.
- the method comprises a detection step 23 followed by a timing step.
- the method can include only the detection step 23 without resorting to a time delay.
- the initialization of the time delay T is carried out after the detection step 23, when the load is not detected in the detection zone 15.
- the method could include an initialization of the time delay carried out before step 22 of positioning.
- the detection zone 15 of the detection device is common to the two arms 4a and 4b of the fork 4.
- the vertical projection of the zone 15 of detection covers the arms 4a, 4b of the fork and the transverse space separating these arms.
- the detection device 10 ( Figure 1 and 2) is capable of emitting a light beam scanning a first detection zone 15a specific to the arm 4a of the fork and located above this arm 4a and a first zone 15b specific to the arm 4a of the fork and located above this arm 4a. to the arm 4b, located above this arm 4b and distinct from the first detection zone 15a as illustrated in Figure 5.
- the vertical projection of the first detection zone 15a covers the arm 4a of the fork and the vertical projection of the first detection zone 15b covers the arm 4b.
- the first zone 15a is here defined by four distinct points defining a rectangular zone such as B, C, D' and E'
- the second zone 15b is defined by four distinct points defining another rectangular zone such as B', C' , D and E.
- this second detection zone 17 is defined by four distinct points delimiting a rectangle having a side of great length common to the rectangle defined by the points B, C, D and E of the first detection zone 15 .
- the second detection zone 17 is defined by the points E, B, B’, E’.
- the second detection zone 17 is located inside the first zone 15 and on the side of the detection device 10. The width of the short side of the rectangle delimited by the points E, B, B', E' is less than that on the short side of the rectangle delimited by points B, C, D and E.
- the control unit 9 brings the arms 4a, 4b closer to the load 12 by restarting at step 22 if the minimum safety distance d has not been reached.
- control unit 9 lifts the load by issuing a lifting instruction (step 29), and then controls the movement of the carriage 1 and the transport of the load during step 30.
- first and second detection zones 15, 17 are each common to the two arms 4a and 4b of the fork 4.
- first detection zones each specific to a arms 4a, 4b as described previously, and second detection zones also each specific to one of the arms 4a, 4b.
- the detection device 10 can perform detection of the load 12 using a detection zone 18 representative of a sliding of the load, located outside the first zone 15 of detection and corresponding to the triangle AFG, as illustrated in Figure 9.
- This detection zone 18 is located on the side of the detection device 10 and at a distance from the rectangle defined by points B, C, D and E of the first zone 15 detection.
- control unit 9 If the load is detected in the detection zone 18 representative of the slipping of the load, the control unit 9 considers that the load has slipped during transport and issues in step 31 of the method an instruction to stop the carriage 1 to allow restoration by an operator.
- step 30 of transporting the load a sub-step of controlling a possible rotation of the load. This is possible when for each of the arms 4a, 4b of the fork there is associated a detection zone specific to it as described previously.
- step 30 of transporting the load if the load is not detected simultaneously in the two detection zones associated with the two arms 4a, 4b of the fork, the detection unit control 9 considers that the load has undergone a rotation around the vertical axis Z during transport and issues an instruction to stop the carriage 1 in step 31 of the method to allow it to be put in order by an operator.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2206207A FR3137077B1 (fr) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | Chariot élévateur autonome de levage et transport de charge, et procédé associé |
| PCT/FR2023/050865 WO2023247860A1 (fr) | 2022-06-22 | 2023-06-14 | Chariot élévateur autonome de levage et transport de charge, et procédé associé |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4543797A1 true EP4543797A1 (fr) | 2025-04-30 |
Family
ID=82850644
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23736185.2A Pending EP4543797A1 (fr) | 2022-06-22 | 2023-06-14 | Chariot élévateur autonome de levage et transport de charge, et procédé associé |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250353715A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4543797A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN119403754A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3137077B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023247860A1 (fr) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2181959B1 (fr) * | 2008-10-31 | 2017-03-01 | OM Carrelli Elevatori S.p.A. | Chariot de manutention |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6150938A (en) * | 1998-09-09 | 2000-11-21 | Sower; Forrest D. | Laser lighting assembly mounted on a forklift to project a light beam parallel to and in the same plane as a fork and utilized to accurately direct the fork into a fork receiving volume of a pallet, thereby avoiding any fork damage to a load on a pallet |
| US8538577B2 (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2013-09-17 | Crown Equipment Limited | Method and apparatus for sensing object load engagement, transportation and disengagement by automated vehicles |
| US8965561B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-02-24 | Cybernet Systems Corporation | Automated warehousing using robotic forklifts |
-
2022
- 2022-06-22 FR FR2206207A patent/FR3137077B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-06-14 WO PCT/FR2023/050865 patent/WO2023247860A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-14 CN CN202380048729.3A patent/CN119403754A/zh active Pending
- 2023-06-14 US US18/876,126 patent/US20250353715A1/en active Pending
- 2023-06-14 EP EP23736185.2A patent/EP4543797A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2181959B1 (fr) * | 2008-10-31 | 2017-03-01 | OM Carrelli Elevatori S.p.A. | Chariot de manutention |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250353715A1 (en) | 2025-11-20 |
| CN119403754A (zh) | 2025-02-07 |
| FR3137077B1 (fr) | 2025-03-14 |
| WO2023247860A1 (fr) | 2023-12-28 |
| FR3137077A1 (fr) | 2023-12-29 |
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