EP4543621A1 - Verfahren zum einstechen eines laserstrahls einer laserschneidmaschine in ein plattenförmiges werkstück zum ausschneiden eines werkstückteils aus dem werkstück entlang einer auf dem werkstück vorgegebenen schneidkontur - Google Patents
Verfahren zum einstechen eines laserstrahls einer laserschneidmaschine in ein plattenförmiges werkstück zum ausschneiden eines werkstückteils aus dem werkstück entlang einer auf dem werkstück vorgegebenen schneidkonturInfo
- Publication number
- EP4543621A1 EP4543621A1 EP23734541.8A EP23734541A EP4543621A1 EP 4543621 A1 EP4543621 A1 EP 4543621A1 EP 23734541 A EP23734541 A EP 23734541A EP 4543621 A1 EP4543621 A1 EP 4543621A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- support
- areas
- predefined
- puncture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0408—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass for holding or positioning work for planar work
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a laser cutting machine.
- a method according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, for example, from DE102018126077A1, which shows a method for laser cutting, in which the position of a workpiece panel is determined relative to support webs of a workpiece support and the position of support tips of the support webs are calculated. There will be support rooms above the Support tips and support surrounding areas are defined in which a comparison with programmed contour lines and puncture points is made. Depending on the result of the comparison, nesting of the workpiece parts to be cut is optimized in a control program for the cutting process, i.e. H . The position of contours/workpiece parts to be cut is shifted on the workpiece board in order to prevent cutting contours or puncture points from lying exactly on the tips of the web and thereby damaging the tips of the web by the laser beam.
- the known method reliably prevents damage to the workpiece support.
- the process is complex because the nesting has to be optimized towards further restrictions.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved method compared to the prior art, which reliably prevents damage during laser cutting of the workpiece parts from a plate-shaped workpiece in a simple manner and with as few restrictions as possible.
- the task is solved by a method according to claim 1.
- What is therefore proposed is a method for piercing a laser beam from a laser cutting machine into a plate-shaped workpiece for cutting out a workpiece part from the workpiece along a cutting contour predetermined on the workpiece, the workpiece resting in a workpiece support with several support areas and the relative positions of the support areas relative to the workpiece are known (or to be determined) .
- the support areas are (or are) assigned predefined surface areas on the workpiece based on the known relative positions.
- a damage-free puncture point for piercing the laser beam into the workpiece for cutting out the workpiece part is selected, the position of which lies outside the predefined surface areas, so that the laser beam does not penetrate into any of the support areas.
- the method according to the invention solves the problem mentioned at the beginning in that the method selects a puncture point for piercing the laser beam into the workpiece before the workpiece part is actually cut out of it, which or whose position is not in the contact areas of the workpiece support, so that they cannot be damaged by grooving.
- This puncture point is referred to herein as a damage-free puncture point.
- the surface areas are determined by the known relative position of the workpiece relative to the support areas of the workpiece support or Conversely, it is predefined where the workpiece support can be damaged during grooving. Because piercing into support areas also requires a lot of energy and time With the method according to the invention, not only can the workpiece support be damaged, but also time and energy can be saved. By comparing the relative position of the workpiece with respect to the support areas with the puncture point, it is therefore possible that a nesting plan does not have to be laboriously changed to match the position of the workpiece on the support areas.
- the method only applies to a workpiece part on the workpiece. Typically, however, a large number of workpiece parts are cut out of a workpiece.
- the method can be applied to several or all workpiece parts of a workpiece, with a damage-free puncture point being selected for each of the workpiece parts.
- Prick points are points into which the laser beam is pierced in order to trace the cutting contour and thus the workpiece part in the workpiece. Grooving is therefore part of the cutting process, which, however, precedes the actual cutting of the workpiece part from the workpiece.
- the puncture points can be located outside the actual cutting contour. The puncture points can approach the cutting contour of the workpiece part in a predefined path or a gate, in particular in an arcuate path or an arched cut.
- the fact that the puncture point is chosen means in particular that its position on the workpiece is chosen or is determined.
- the position of the puncture point can, for example, be free or predetermined in its position and thus predefined puncture points can be selected, as will be explained in more detail later.
- a plate-shaped workpiece is understood to mean, in particular, a workpiece plate or workpiece panel which has its greatest extent in a horizontal plane and is set up with a thickness in the vertical plane orthogonal thereto.
- a workpiece panel can in particular be a workpiece sheet.
- Workpiece parts are cut out of such a workpiece sheet (hereinafter referred to as “workpiece”) using laser cutting. It can be provided that the workpiece parts remain connected to the workpiece through one or more predetermined breaking points, from which they are then released.
- a predetermined breaking point can in particular be in the form of a web between the workpiece part and the workpiece or be formed on a remaining workpiece.
- the laser cutting machine for laser cutting the workpieces can in particular be a flatbed machine tool, i.e. a laser cutting flatbed machine tool, in particular a 2D laser flatbed machine.
- the flatbed machine tool can also be a combination machine that includes further separation processes and/or further processing steps such as. B. Deburring, bending, folding, welding, drilling, thread cutting, etc. can lead to.
- the laser cutting machine removes the workpiece parts, which are given in their shape to the laser cutting machine, from the workpiece or cut out from the remaining workpiece.
- the cutting contours can be according to one Nesting plan can be specified, which can be specified, for example, by a control device of the laser cutting machine. Then a corresponding laser processing head of the laser cutting machine moves the laser beam along the specified cutting contours.
- the relative positions of the support areas relative to the workpiece are known in the process.
- the method according to the invention can include a previous step of detecting the relative positions of the support areas relative to the workpieces.
- the geometry or The arrangement of the support areas relative to one another must be known, since it is typically rigid and does not move. However, the position of a workpiece on the workpiece support and thus the support areas can change. How a workpiece can be detected relative to the workpiece support, for example by sensory detection, will be explained in more detail later using examples.
- the workpiece support can, for example, have a pallet or the like.
- the workpiece support can also have several support webs.
- the support webs can in particular run parallel to one another.
- the support areas can each be arranged along the support webs.
- the support areas can in particular be support elevations, especially in the form of support peaks.
- the workpiece can rest on the support areas of the support bars at defined distances between the support areas of the same support bar and different support bars.
- the support bars can, for example, be part of the pallet, on the pallet or between one Be arranged at the edge of the pallet and be firmly connected to the laser cutting machine, in particular a pallet changer thereof.
- the support areas can provide a point-shaped or preferably flat support surface for the workpiece.
- the support elevations in particular support tips, especially with a flat support surface for the workpiece, can be formed by serrated sections on the support webs, with each serrated section forming a support elevation. Accordingly, it is now possible to protect the support areas, in particular the support tips of the support webs, from damage and wear. Accordingly, only the support areas, in particular support tips, can be taken into account for the predefinition of the surface areas. This improves the quality of the workpiece parts because undamaged support tips always enable the same positional support and thus the relative position of the workpiece compared to the workpiece support. It is also avoided that the support bars have to be replaced, so that the process can be carried out cost-effectively.
- two puncture points for the workpiece part are (or will be) predefined in a nesting plan of the laser cutting machine and the damage-free puncture point is selected from the two predefined puncture points by comparing the predefined puncture points with the predefined surface areas.
- nesting planning does not have to take into account the coincidence of puncture points and support areas. Instead, only two entry points are defined in the nesting plan.
- the nesting plan is the so-called Nesting or
- the two puncture points are predefined with a predefined puncture point distance from one another on a workpiece plane of the workpiece, the predefined puncture point distance being selected such that at most one of the two puncture points, with a known geometry of the support areas in the workpiece plane, is in one of the predefined area areas falls.
- the predefined puncture point distance being selected such that at most one of the two puncture points, with a known geometry of the support areas in the workpiece plane, is in one of the predefined area areas falls.
- Geometry refers in particular to the arrangement and/or size of the support areas in the workpiece plane.
- the piercing point distance in a first extension direction of the workpiece plane, along which the support areas are spaced apart from one another, can be different from a support area distance between two support areas.
- the support areas can also be arranged on support webs of the workpiece support, the support webs being arranged parallel to one another in a second extension direction of the workpiece plane that runs perpendicular to the first extension direction, and the puncture point distance in the second extension direction of one The distance between two support bars is different.
- the puncture point distance in the first extension direction is also greater than a length of the surface areas in the first extension direction and / or the puncture point distance in the second extension direction is further greater than a length of the surface areas in the second extension direction is .
- the predefined surface areas are larger in area than the support areas.
- the advantage of this is that damage in the area of the workpiece support surrounding the support area, in particular on the flanks of the support tips of the support webs, can be prevented in a simple manner.
- the predefined surface areas are round. This is an advantageous geometry of the surface areas because it can ensure a high level of freedom from damage around a peripheral area around the support areas.
- a diameter of at least 5 mm, at least 6 mm or at least 7 mm of the round surface areas has proven to be particularly advantageous.
- the relative positions of the support areas relative to the workpiece are predetermined by at least one stop for the workpiece.
- This stop can be located, for example, on the workpiece support itself and/or on a pallet for the workpiece.
- Several stops can also be provided. This ensures that the workpiece is always in a defined position relative to the workpiece support.
- the stop can also be used for an improved sensory determination of the relative position and/or for a double determination of the relative position.
- the relative positions of the support areas relative to the workpiece can be determined by measuring the workpiece and/or the workpiece support, in particular at least one reference element on the workpiece support. Since the geometry of the workpiece support, in particular the arrangement of the support areas relative to one another, is known, measuring the workpiece relative to the reference element of the workpiece support can be sufficient. The measurement can be carried out by one or more sensors and/or one or more cameras. The relative position of the workpiece support, in particular the relative positions of the support areas, can be determined in a simple manner, for example during operation. The measurement can be carried out, for example, with a sensor system of the laser cutting machine, in particular a capacitive distance sensor system for detecting the distance between the laser processing head of the laser cutting machine and the workpiece. In general, at least a subgroup of the support webs and/or the web tips can be recorded and optionally the positions can not be recorded
- Support webs and/or web tips can be calculated by interpolation.
- Other possible measurement options are based on e.g. B. on an optical sensor system that based on at least one of the following procedures:
- Area image recording a laser light section process, a strip light projection process, a light field camera, a 3D camera, e.g. B. a time-of-flight (TOF) camera, in particular for the distance and/or depth detection of web recesses, the state detection of the geometric shape for an accompanying assessment of wear on a support web and/or a web tip, and/or on an ultrasonic sensor system, which Ultrasonic sensors are used in particular on a cutting head of the flatbed machine tool.
- TOF time-of-flight
- the task mentioned at the beginning is further solved by a laser cutting machine according to claim 11.
- the laser cutting machine is equipped with a workpiece support for placing a workpiece thereon, a laser processing head for emitting a laser beam, and a control device for selecting a puncture point for piercing the laser beam, the laser cutting machine being set up to carry out the method according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention can be controllable in particular by appropriate control of the laser cutting machine by the control device.
- the control device can have a memory on which a computer program is stored, which is executed by a CPU of the control device in order to implement the invention Carry out the process on the laser cutting machine. Through the control device or The computer program is selected along the puncture point or specified in its position on the workpiece.
- the control device can also perform other tasks, such as: B. the measurement of the relative positions, nesting planning of the workpiece parts on the workpiece, the control of the cutting of the workpiece part from the workpiece, etc.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of one
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of a support web of a workpiece support of the laser cutting machine of FIG. 1 ;
- Figure 3 is a schematic view of a main housing of the laser cutting machine of Figure. 1 ;
- FIG. 1 shows a laser cutting machine 10 in the form of a laser cutting flatbed machine tool with a main housing 12 in which a laser cutting process is carried out with a laser beam 40 (see FIG. 3).
- a focus of the laser beam 40 is guided by a control device 11 (see FIG. 3) along predetermined cutting contours 42 arranged in a processing area over a plate-shaped workpiece 30, in particular a substantially two-dimensionally extending sheet metal, in order to produce specific workpiece parts 30 from this , cut out of predetermined shapes according to a nesting plan.
- Figure 3 shows the laser cutting process in the main housing 12.
- the laser processing head 13, which emits the laser beam 40 for cutting out the workpiece parts 32 from the workpiece 30 onto the workpiece 30, can be freely positioned in the processing area, so that the laser beam 40 can be guided essentially along any two-dimensional cutting contours over the workpiece 30 to be cut .
- a cutting contour 42 for the laser beam 40 is each specified based on a nesting plan in the control device 11 in order to cut the workpiece parts 32 out of the workpiece 30.
- the nesting plan indicates the arrangements of the individual workpiece parts 32 in the workpiece 30, as shown in FIG. 1 can be seen.
- the nesting plan includes the specification of piercing points 44, 46 and predetermined gates 48 for piercing the laser beam 40 and guiding the laser beam along the gate 48 to the cutting contour 42 (see FIG. 5).
- the laser beam 40 heats the metal of the workpiece 30 along the predetermined cutting contours 42 until it melts.
- a gas jet usually nitrogen or oxygen, usually emerges from the laser processing head 13 in the area of the laser beam 40 and pushes the molten material of the workpiece 30 downwards and out of the gap that forms.
- the workpiece 30 is thus completely severed by the laser beam 40 when cutting.
- the laser beam 40 is moved along the predetermined cutting contours 42 of the respective workpiece 32. This begins at one of the puncture points 44, 46, which lie outside the workpiece 30, and then approaches the contour of the workpiece 30, in particular in an arcuate cut 48.
- the pallet 18 has a workpiece support 20.
- the workpiece support 20 has a plurality of support webs 22 which run transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the insertion direction of the workpiece 30 into the main housing 12 and are aligned parallel to one another.
- a part of a support web 22 is shown in perspective in FIG. 2.
- the support webs 22 are at a distance of, for example, 20 mm to 100 mm from one another.
- the support webs 22 form support areas 24 on which the workpiece 30 is placed or placed. is launched.
- the support areas 24 usually form grid points which can have a distance of, for example, 5 mm to 50 mm along the support webs 22, whereby a support web 22 can have a thickness of, for example, 1 mm to 5 mm.
- the support areas 24 thus form a grid of areas that can influence the cutting process of the workpiece 30 lying on them.
- the areas of the support webs 22 that influence the cutting process can also extend to areas that directly adjoin the support areas 24 that are in contact with the workpiece 30, e.g. B. the flanks of the support webs 22 leading to the support areas 24.
- the support areas 24 are here Tips of repeating serrated sections 26 of the support webs 22.
- Fig. 1 further shows a camera 16 of the laser cutting system 10, which is arranged, for example, on the main housing 12.
- the camera 16 can u. a. for image capture of the pallet 18, the support webs 22 and support areas 24 as well as the relative position of the workpiece 30 with respect to the pallet 18 (and possibly the support webs 22 and support areas 24) and is in connection with an image evaluation unit of the control device 11. Consequently, the control device 11 can at least control the relative position of the workpiece 30 relative to the support areas 24 or determine the relative positions of the support areas 24 relative to the workpiece 30.
- the arrangement of the support areas 24 is already known due to their geometry. It is therefore sufficient to detect the relative position of the workpiece 30 relative to a reference element (not shown), in particular on the workpiece support 20.
- the control device 11 can predefine these support areas 24 as surface areas 50, as shown in FIG. 5 is shown or enlarged surface areas 50, in particular round surface areas 50, around which define support areas 24, as also and purely by way of example for the surface areas 50 of the one shown in FIG. 5 support web 22 shown below is shown.
- a first method step 102 the relative positions of the workpiece 30 relative to the support areas 24 are determined, such as has been described above.
- the surface areas 50 are defined based on the support areas 24.
- the surface areas 50 include at least the areas in which the workpiece 30 rests on the support areas 24, preferably also an adjacent area in which the flanks of the support webs 22 extend from the support areas 24.
- the workpiece parts 32 are finally cut out of the workpiece 30 along the predetermined cutting contours 42, whereby the laser beam 40, after piercing the damage-free puncture point 44, 46, reaches the cutting contour 42 via the gate 48 and this departs to cut out the workpiece part 32.
- Figure 5 shows a schematic top view of a workpiece 30 with a greatly simplified nesting plan, in which only one workpiece part 32 is available for cutting out or. is considered, which is also an exemplary simple one has rectangular geometry.
- Workpiece plane 34 is considered, in which the workpiece 30 rests on the workpiece support 20, i.e. just where the two touch each other.
- the support areas 24, in particular support tips, of the support webs 22 of the workpiece support 20 are predefined to the surface areas 50 as described above.
- a cutting contour 42 for cutting out the workpiece part 32 from the workpiece 30 is specified along two surface areas 50.
- Fig. 5 shows the two previously mentioned puncture points 44, 46, which are predefined for the puncture according to the nesting plan in the control device 11.
- the two puncture points 44, 46 are located at a predefined puncture point distance A from one another.
- the puncture point distance A is smaller in a first extension direction Y on the workpiece plane 34 than a support area distance B between adjacent support areas 24 in the first extension direction Y.
- the puncture point distance A in the first extension direction Y is greater than a length of the surface areas 50 in the first extension direction Y.
- the puncture point distance A in a second extension direction X perpendicular to the first extension direction Y on the workpiece plane 34 is smaller than a support web distance C between adjacent support webs 22 in the second Extension direction X is .
- the puncture point distance A in the second extension direction X is greater than a length of the surface areas 50 in the second extension direction X.
- the above-mentioned choice of the puncture point distance A between two puncture points 44, 46 in the first extension direction Y and in the second extension direction is always outside the predefined surface areas 50 and can be selected as a damage-free puncture point 44, 46.
- the predefined puncture point 44 is located in the workpiece plane 34 above the support web 22. Because of the workpiece 30, it cannot be seen that the puncture point 44 is actually on a predefined surface area 50 or a support area 24 is located. This puncture point 44 cannot therefore be selected without preventing damage to the support area 24. However, the predefined puncture point 46 is arranged outside the predefined surface areas 50 due to the selected puncture point distance A, as shown in FIG. 5 can be removed.
- the puncture point 46 is a damage-free puncture point 46, via which the laser beam 40 can pierce into the workpiece 30, can be moved along its gate 48 to the cutting contour 42 and the cutting contour 42 can travel in order to cut the workpiece part 32 out of the workpiece 30 .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022115643.5A DE102022115643A1 (de) | 2022-06-23 | 2022-06-23 | Verfahren zum Einstechen eines Laserstrahls einer Laserschneidmaschine in ein plattenförmiges Werkstück zum Ausschneiden eines Werkstückteils aus dem Werkstück entlang einer auf dem Werkstück vorgegebenen Schneidkontur |
| PCT/EP2023/066502 WO2023247461A1 (de) | 2022-06-23 | 2023-06-19 | Verfahren zum einstechen eines laserstrahls einer laserschneidmaschine in ein plattenförmiges werkstück zum ausschneiden eines werkstückteils aus dem werkstück entlang einer auf dem werkstück vorgegebenen schneidkontur |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4543621A1 true EP4543621A1 (de) | 2025-04-30 |
Family
ID=87059788
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23734541.8A Pending EP4543621A1 (de) | 2022-06-23 | 2023-06-19 | Verfahren zum einstechen eines laserstrahls einer laserschneidmaschine in ein plattenförmiges werkstück zum ausschneiden eines werkstückteils aus dem werkstück entlang einer auf dem werkstück vorgegebenen schneidkontur |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250114874A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4543621A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN119421759A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022115643A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023247461A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102024110243A1 (de) * | 2024-04-12 | 2025-10-16 | TRUMPF Werkzeugmaschinen SE + Co. KG | Bearbeitungsverfahren zum Herstellen eines Werkstücks |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015015651B3 (de) | 2015-12-02 | 2017-04-13 | Lessmüller Lasertechnik GmbH | Überwachungsvorrichtung, Bearbeitungssystem und Verfahren zur Arbeitsraumüberwachung für die Lasermaterialbearbeitung |
| DE102018126077A1 (de) | 2018-10-19 | 2020-04-23 | Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg | Bewerten von werkstücklagen in geschachtelten anordnungen |
| DE202020101810U1 (de) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-13 | Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung eines Ist-Zustands von Auflageleisten einer Werkstückauflage sowie Werkzeugmaschine mit einer derartigen Vorrichtung |
| DE102020120887B4 (de) | 2020-08-07 | 2022-05-12 | Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh + Co. Kg | Verfahren zum erfassen einer einhängeposition eines auflagestegs und flachbettwerkzeugmaschine |
-
2022
- 2022-06-23 DE DE102022115643.5A patent/DE102022115643A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-06-19 WO PCT/EP2023/066502 patent/WO2023247461A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-19 EP EP23734541.8A patent/EP4543621A1/de active Pending
- 2023-06-19 CN CN202380048594.0A patent/CN119421759A/zh active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-12-18 US US18/985,119 patent/US20250114874A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250114874A1 (en) | 2025-04-10 |
| DE102022115643A1 (de) | 2023-12-28 |
| WO2023247461A1 (de) | 2023-12-28 |
| CN119421759A (zh) | 2025-02-11 |
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