EP4536448A1 - Micro-robot programmable et assemblage de tels micro-robots formant une structure tridimensionnelle modulable - Google Patents
Micro-robot programmable et assemblage de tels micro-robots formant une structure tridimensionnelle modulableInfo
- Publication number
- EP4536448A1 EP4536448A1 EP23733648.2A EP23733648A EP4536448A1 EP 4536448 A1 EP4536448 A1 EP 4536448A1 EP 23733648 A EP23733648 A EP 23733648A EP 4536448 A1 EP4536448 A1 EP 4536448A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- micro
- robot
- control unit
- dfr
- dfrs
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Program controls
- B25J9/1615—Program controls characterised by special kind of manipulator, e.g. planar, scara, gantry, cantilever, space, closed chain, passive/active joints and tendon driven manipulators
- B25J9/1617—Cellular, reconfigurable manipulator, e.g. cebot
Definitions
- TITLE Programmable micro-robot and assembly of such micro-robots forming a modular three-dimensional structure
- the present invention belongs to the field of programmable matter.
- Programmable matter refers to a reconfigurable modular physical object.
- An aim of the invention is, furthermore, to propose a programmable assembly of micro-robots:
- micro-robots can interact physically and autonomously with neighboring micro-robots, and/or
- micro-robots are manufactured independently of each other while keeping the same assembly process, and/or
- micro-robots can be personalized and whose programming or configuration of the micro-robots can be updated while keeping the same assembly process
- micro-robots do not include any welding.
- micro-robot intended to be part of a programmable assembly of micro-robots forming a three-dimensional structure with geometry modular.
- the micro-robot includes:
- DFRs reversible fixing devices
- the micro-robot is arranged so that at least one DFR emits an electrostatic field by polarization of the at least one pair of electrodes of the at least one DFR.
- the control unit is arranged to activate and deactivate, individually and for each of the DFRs, the polarization of the at least one pair of electrodes of the at least one DFR so as to activate or deactivate the emission of the electrostatic field by at least one DFR.
- the DFRs are distributed along the flexible strip.
- the DFRs are distributed over the entire part of the external surface of the polyhedral housing over which the flexible strip extends.
- the control unit can be understood as a microcontroller.
- each of the micro-robots comprises an individual control unit.
- control unit is autonomous.
- Autonomous can be understood as a control unit not including a battery.
- the flexible strip comprises a printed circuit.
- the printed circuit electrically connects the DFRs to the control unit.
- the flexible strip comprises an alternation of flat zones and curved zones.
- two successive flat zones are connected together by a curved zone.
- the DFRs extend over all flat areas.
- DFRs. extend over all curved areas.
- the flexible strip comprises an internal layer of which at least part is in contact with, preferably fixed to, the at least part of the external surface of the polyhedral housing.
- the flexible headband comprises an electrically insulating outer layer; the outer layer constitutes part of the external surface of the micro-robot.
- the flexible headband comprises an intermediate layer, included between the internal layer and the external layer, comprising an electrically conductive material.
- the intermediate layer comprises:
- the electrical tracks extend along the intermediate layer.
- the electrodes of the at least one pair of electrodes are adjacent and of reverse polarity.
- a pair of electrodes comprises at least one negative electrode and at least one positive electrode.
- control unit is arranged to generate a difference in supply voltage of the DFRs, called high voltage, greater than or equal to 80 Volts, preferably 90 Volts, more preferably 100 Volts.
- control unit can comprise:
- a multiplexer by electrode of negative polarity, arranged to, from a negative output voltage of the charge pump converter, generate a high negative voltage
- a multiplexer by electrode of positive polarity, arranged to, from a positive output voltage of the charge pump converter, generate a positive high voltage
- the electrostatic field emitted by the at least one DFR, of the micro-robot considered, emitting an electrostatic field exerts a reciprocal attractive force on the at least one DFR., of the micro-robot neighboring the micro-robot considered, emitting an electrostatic field, and vice versa, so that the micro-robot considered moves along a part of the external surface formed by an external layer of the flexible strip and/or is immobilized against the other micro-robot and/or vice versa and/or reciprocally.
- the programmable assembly consists of a set of microrobots.
- an electrode of negative polarity of a pair of electrodes is intended to cooperate with an electrode of positive polarity of a pair of electrodes of a DFR of a another micro-robot, and vice versa or vice versa.
- the reciprocal attractive force which is exerted between two adjacent microrobots is an electrostatic force exerted between, respectively, the at least one electrode of negative polarity and the at least one electrode of positive polarity of the at least a pair of electrodes of a DFR of the micro-robot considered on, respectively, the at least one electrode of positive polarity and the at least one electrode of negative polarity of a DFR of another micro-robot adjacent to the micro-robot considered.
- At least part, preferably all, of the outer layer of the flexible headband of a micro-robot is intended to come into contact with at least part of the outer layer of the flexible headband of another microphone -robot.
- the DFRs extend over all the flat zones and the curved zones so that a micro-robot in question moves along the outer layer of the flexible strip of a micro-robot adjacent to the micro-robot in question.
- any characteristic of the micro-robot according to the invention can be directly transposed to the programmable assembly of micro-robots according to the invention and vice versa.
- a method of manufacturing a micro-robot is also proposed.
- the micro-robot obtained by the manufacturing process is intended to be part of a programmable assembly of micro-robots forming a three-dimensional structure with modular geometry according to the invention.
- the micro-robot manufacturing process includes the steps consisting of:
- DFR reversible fixing devices
- control unit wraps the control unit and a part of the flexible strip adjacent to the control unit with a layer of polymer to immobilize the control unit on the flexible strip, preferably to secure the control unit to the part of the flexible strip adjacent to the control unit,
- the flat flexible strip passes through, via an opening, the polyhedral housing so that a portion of the flat flexible strip extends outside the polyhedral housing,
- the step consisting of sealing two hemispheres of the polyhedral housing together and/or the step consisting of immobilizing the portion of the flat flexible strip on a part of the external surface of the polyhedral housing is carried out by gluing. Bonding takes advantage of the particularly powerful capillarity phenomenon at the microscopic scale to guide the alignment of the components together.
- the micro-robot manufacturing method according to the invention is suitable, more preferably is particularly suitable, more preferably is designed and in a particularly advantageous manner is specially designed. designed, to manufacture a micro-robot intended to be part of a programmable assembly of micro-robots forming a three-dimensional structure with modular geometry.
- micro-robot according to the invention can be directly transposed to the manufacturing process according to the invention and vice versa.
- FIGURE la is a schematic representation of a micro-robot according to the invention.
- FIGURE lb is a schematic representation of a micro-robot according to the invention on which the housing is not shown,
- FIGURE 2a is a schematic representation of the flexible headband, comprising a single tab, of the micro-robot illustrated in FIGURE la,
- FIGURE 2b is a schematic representation of the flexible headband, comprising several tabs, of the micro-robot illustrated in FIGURE lb,
- FIGURE 3a is a photograph of the flexible headband, comprising a single tab, of the micro-robot illustrated in FIGURE la and of the tab schematized in FIGURE 2a,
- FIGURE 3b is a photograph of the case of a micro-robot
- FIGURE 4a is a representation of a reversible fixation device comprising a pair of electrodes
- FIGURE 4b is a representation of a reversible fixation device comprising two pairs of electrodes
- FIGURE 4c is a representation of a reversible fixation device comprising eight pairs of electrodes
- FIGURE 5 is a simplified schematic representation of the electronic circuit of the control unit of a micro-robot
- FIGURE 6 is a schematic exploded view of the microrobot shown in FIGURE la.
- variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described, isolated from the other characteristics described (even if this selection is isolated within a sentence including these other characteristics), if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention compared to the state of the prior art.
- This selection includes at least one characteristic, preferably functional without structural details, or with only part of the structural details if this part only is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention compared to the state of the prior art. .
- each micro-robot 1 of the assembly comprises a polyhedral housing 2 and a flexible headband 3.
- the flexible headband 3 comprising a set of reversible fixing devices 4, called DFR 4.
- the DFR 4 extends along the assembly of the flexible headband 3.
- the headband 3 comprises a printed circuit extending along the flexible headband 3.
- the flexible headband 3 extends between a control unit 5 and along an external surface 6 of the polyhedral housing 2 on a part of which it extends.
- the flexible strip 3 is electrically connected to the control unit 5.
- the control unit 5 is contained in the polyhedral housing 2.
- the control unit 5 is arranged to electrically power each of the DRFs 4 individually.
- each micro-robot 1 comprises twelve DFR 4.
- the shape of the polyhedral box 2, and therefore the shape of the micro-robots 1, must allow the aggregation or attachment of several robots to form a dense mesh by reducing the empty spaces in the programmable assembly.
- such a shape also allows the micro-robots 1 to move more easily around, or on the surface of, each other.
- a DFR 4 of the first micro-robot 1 is activated by the control unit 5 of the first micro-robot 1 and a DFR 4 of the second micro-robot 1 robot 1 is also activated so that a reciprocal attractive force is exerted between the DFR 4 of the first and second micro-robots 1. If none of the first and second micro-robots 1 is linked to a third, or to several other, micro-robots 1, the first micro-robot 1 can move along the part of the external surface of the second micro-robots 1 formed by the flexible strip 3 in the direction of the DFR. 4 of the second micro-robot 1 which is activated.
- the activated DFR 4 of the first and second microrobots 1 can be immobilized against each other. Once the DFR 4 of the first and second micro-robots 1 are immobilized against each other, the activation of a DFR 4 close to the DFR 4 of the second micro-robot 1 already activated, preferably followed by gradual deactivation of the DFR 4 of the second micro-robot 1 already activated, will generate a new movement of the first micro-robot 1 along the part of the external surface of the second micro-robot 1 formed by the flexible strip 3 in the direction of the DFR 4 of the second micro-robot 1 which has just been activated.
- the activation of a DFR 4, or several DFR 4s, by the control unit 5 of a micro-robot 1 causes the emission of an electrostatic field by the DFR 4, or the DFRs 4. As long as the electrostatic field is emitted, the DFR 4 in contact remain immobilized against each other. Deactivating a DFR 4, or stopping the power supply to a DFR 4, causes the DFR 4s to detach from each other in immobilized contact.
- the flexible strip 3 forms an alternation of flat zones 13 and curved zones 11. Two successive flat zones 13 are interconnected by a curved zone 11.
- the flexible strip 3 comprises an internal layer. This internal layer is in contact with part of the external surface 6 of the polyhedral housing 2.
- all of the micro-robots 1 intended to form the assembly or forming the assembly are stacked or rest on a hollow base which serves as a reserve of micro-robots 1.
- the base can be connected to a central unit comprising a processor.
- a base of the base comprises a DFR 4 mesh.
- Each DFR 4 of the base constitutes a fixing zone of a DFR 4 of a micro-robot of the assembly.
- the base of the base can form a grid.
- the base receives information regarding the shape of the assembly to be assembled.
- the information is transmitted step by step from a micro-robot 1 to an adjacent micro-robot 1 against which it is immobilized.
- Information passes between two DFR 4s in contact immobilized against each other. The information thus circulates from the base to the entire programmable assembly.
- the micro-robots 1 are thus linked by capacitive coupling from the base then from micro-robot 1 to micro-robot 1.
- a digital signal modulated by the base is transmitted column of micro-robot 1 by column of microphone -robot 1.
- Each micro-robot 1 of the assembly thus receives the signal.
- each micro-robot 1 demodulates the signal it receives then remodulates it to transfer it to all its neighbors in the direction of the signal.
- each robot carries a finite state machine arranged to process these signals and activate or deactivate one or more of its DFR 4s according to the predefined assembly plan.
- the base sends a new signal, different from the previous one, on all or only part of the coordinates of the grid corresponding to the columns of micro-robots 1 whose state must be modified.
- the control unit 5 comprises, among other things, a set of slot generator 7 , denoted RO, arranged to power a charge pump converter.
- the control unit further comprises a multiplexer 9, per electrode 12 of negative polarity, arranged to, from a negative output voltage, denoted VN, of the charge pump converter, generate a high negative voltage, denoted Nn.
- the control unit 5 further comprises a multiplexer 10, by electrode 12 of positive polarity, arranged to, from a positive output voltage, denoted V m , of the charge pump converter, generate a high voltage positive, noted Pn.
- the voltage difference delivered by the control unit is of the order of 100 Volts depending on the embodiment.
- the control unit comprises twelve negative high voltage multiplexers 9 and twelve positive high voltage multiplexers 10 which select the appropriate positive and negative voltages from the outputs of the charge pump for electrostatic actuation and allow to overcome several electronic circuit challenges.
- the control signals of the pass gates SI - Sm are shifted in level.
- the bodies SI - Sm must be connected to VI - Vm, resulting in a large forward bias diode current DDB when the output voltage across Pn is greater than that of internal nodes VI - Vm.
- the DI - Dm diodes have the effect of blocking this current.
- the DI - Dm diodes are arranged in series to equalize their reverse bias state, lowering the diode voltage potential and reducing their leakage to sub-picoamp levels.
- a switch SP and a capacitor CP are used to solve this problem by creating an equivalent resistance modulated by the frequency of the switch SP.
- SP is switched non-overlapping with Si to avoid a direct path from Vi to Pn until Pn has stabilized.
- the control signal for SP is also shifted in level. Since the VSMP voltage on CP changes rapidly during a charge transfer cycle, it cannot be tracked by a level shifter.
- SP is implemented with an NMOS transistor and its control signal is level shifted compared to VPn, which is slow and can be tracked.
- SI - Sm are implemented with PMOS transistors and their control signals are shifted by Vi.
- the charge pump can only pull the output voltage Pn upwards. Without DC charging current, the voltage on Pn will decrease extremely slowly through leakage. Therefore, an intentional discharge path is also implemented with switching resistor SD1, SD2 and CD. By using the regular supply voltage to control switches SD1 and SD2, the charge transfer to CD (VDD-Vth) per cycle is limited, and Pn discharges gradually. When not discharging, SD1 and SD2 are turned off, greatly reducing leakage.
- switches Sp, SD1 and SD2 would have to be PMOS, which is not possible because their n well, connected to the negative voltage Nn, would short circuit Psub via the diode .
- a simpler multiplexer which selects between Vn and GND was therefore implemented.
- the level shifter for Sn is referenced to Vn since it is a stable voltage.
- the charge transfer between Vn and Nn is limited by the polyresistance Rn.
- the level shifter When Sn is activated, the level shifter applies a gate voltage Vg, Sn is equal to the voltage difference Vn minus VDD and the source voltage of Sn will rise quickly to the voltage Vn minus VDD minus Vth, turning off the switch and self-limiting the transfer of charge. Vs, Sn will then slowly drop as charge flows through Rn, reactivating Sn and transferring charge from Nn to Vn in a controlled manner.
- the negative multiplexer 9 provides a selection of differential voltage of the order of 40 V while the positive multiplexer 10 provides control with a step of the order of 3 V. To allow a value of VN depending on the application, it is determined by a wired connection between the negative pump output (Vi to V-13) and Vn.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2205640A FR3136393A1 (fr) | 2022-06-11 | 2022-06-11 | Micro-robot programmable et assemblage de tels micro-robots formant une structure tridimensionnelle modulable |
| PCT/EP2023/065548 WO2023237765A1 (fr) | 2022-06-11 | 2023-06-09 | Micro-robot programmable et assemblage de tels micro-robots formant une structure tridimensionnelle modulable |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4536448A1 true EP4536448A1 (fr) | 2025-04-16 |
Family
ID=83506548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23733648.2A Pending EP4536448A1 (fr) | 2022-06-11 | 2023-06-09 | Micro-robot programmable et assemblage de tels micro-robots formant une structure tridimensionnelle modulable |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4536448A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3136393A1 (fr) |
| TW (1) | TW202419228A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023237765A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3112981B1 (fr) * | 2020-07-30 | 2022-11-11 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Robot configurable par déformation de sous-robots autonomes et synchronisés |
-
2022
- 2022-06-11 FR FR2205640A patent/FR3136393A1/fr active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-06-09 EP EP23733648.2A patent/EP4536448A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-06-09 WO PCT/EP2023/065548 patent/WO2023237765A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-12 TW TW112121891A patent/TW202419228A/zh unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| MUSTAFA EMRE KARAGOZLER ET AL: "Electrostatic actuation and control of micro robots using a post-processed high-voltage SOI CMOS chip", CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS (ISCAS), 2011 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON, IEEE, 15 May 2011 (2011-05-15), pages 2509 - 2512, XP031998169, ISBN: 978-1-4244-9473-6, DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2011.5938114 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023237765A1 (fr) | 2023-12-14 |
| FR3136393A1 (fr) | 2023-12-15 |
| TW202419228A (zh) | 2024-05-16 |
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