EP4532744A1 - Procédé d'identification des enzymes blse chez les entérobactéries - Google Patents
Procédé d'identification des enzymes blse chez les entérobactériesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4532744A1 EP4532744A1 EP23728398.1A EP23728398A EP4532744A1 EP 4532744 A1 EP4532744 A1 EP 4532744A1 EP 23728398 A EP23728398 A EP 23728398A EP 4532744 A1 EP4532744 A1 EP 4532744A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- peptides
- seq
- analysis
- mass spectrometry
- esbl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
- C12Q1/10—Enterobacteria
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
- G01N33/56911—Bacteria
- G01N33/56916—Enterobacteria, e.g. shigella, salmonella, klebsiella, serratia
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6803—General methods of protein analysis not limited to specific proteins or families of proteins
- G01N33/6848—Methods of protein analysis involving mass spectrometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6803—General methods of protein analysis not limited to specific proteins or families of proteins
- G01N33/6848—Methods of protein analysis involving mass spectrometry
- G01N33/6851—Methods of protein analysis involving laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/195—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from bacteria
- G01N2333/24—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from bacteria from Enterobacteriaceae (F), e.g. Citrobacter, Serratia, Proteus, Providencia, Morganella, Yersinia
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/195—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from bacteria
- G01N2333/24—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from bacteria from Enterobacteriaceae (F), e.g. Citrobacter, Serratia, Proteus, Providencia, Morganella, Yersinia
- G01N2333/245—Escherichia (G)
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/195—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from bacteria
- G01N2333/24—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from bacteria from Enterobacteriaceae (F), e.g. Citrobacter, Serratia, Proteus, Providencia, Morganella, Yersinia
- G01N2333/26—Klebsiella (G)
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/195—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from bacteria
- G01N2333/24—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from bacteria from Enterobacteriaceae (F), e.g. Citrobacter, Serratia, Proteus, Providencia, Morganella, Yersinia
- G01N2333/265—Enterobacter (G)
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/90—Enzymes; Proenzymes
- G01N2333/914—Hydrolases (3)
- G01N2333/978—Hydrolases (3) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5)
- G01N2333/986—Hydrolases (3) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5) acting on amide bonds in cyclic amides (3.5.2), e.g. beta-lactamase (penicillinase, 3.5.2.6), creatinine amidohydrolase (creatininase, EC 3.5.2.10), N-methylhydantoinase (3.5.2.6)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an analytical method using reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to detect extended spectrum B-lactamase (ESBL) type activities linked to the presence of certain enzymes produced by enterobacteria.
- LC-MS/MS reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry
- ESBL extended spectrum B-lactamase
- Sepsis refers to any generalized inflammatory reaction associated with a serious bacterial infection. According to the Pasteur Institute, one person dies from sepsis every 5 seconds worldwide. In France, this infection is fatal for 27% of patients, and this figure can rise to more than 50% in the event of septic shock.
- the WHO classified sepsis as a public health priority, and published a list of pathogens that should be studied as a priority for determining new therapeutic approaches; this list contains in particular the bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacteria producing carbapenemases or enzymes with extended spectrum B-lactamase activity (ESBL).
- B-lactam which includes penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams and carbapenems. B-lactams act by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial wall by blocking the production of peptidoglycan. These molecules have a common structure corresponding to the presence of a four-atom ring, B-lactam, which is their active site.
- the Ambler classification and the Bush-Jacoby-Medeiros classification are the two existing classifications for B-lactamases.
- Ambler's scheme proposes a molecular classification and divides these enzymes into 4 classes: A, B, C and D. Those of class A, C and D are called active serine while those of class B are called metallo-B- lactamases (carbapenemases). With the exception of OXA type ESBLs (class D), ESBLs are class A B-lactamases.
- Group 1 enzymes are cephalosporinases which belong to molecular class C. They are carried by the plasmids of many enterobacteria and by some other organisms, and are generally resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and active on cephamycins (example: cefoxitin). They have a high affinity for aztreonam unlike class A cephalosporinases.
- the enzymes belonging to this subgroup are CMY, MIR, MOX, LAT, FOX, DHA, ACT, ACC and CFE.
- Group 2 enzymes represent the largest group of B-lactamases.
- the enzymes of subgroups 2a, 2b, 2be, 2br, 2ber, 2c, 2ce, 2e and 2f belong to molecular class A, and those of subgroups 2d, 2de and 2df belong to molecular class D.
- the subgroup 2a groups together mainly chromosomal penicillinases. They are the predominant B-lactamases of Gram-positive bacteria such as staphylococci and occasionally enterococci. These enzymes hydrolyze benzylpenicillin and many penicillin derivatives, but with difficulty cephalosporins, carbapenems and monobactams.
- ⁇ Subgroup 2b includes penicillinases and cephalosporinases. These enzymes readily hydrolyze first-generation penicillins and cephalosporins, and are strongly inhibited by clavulanic acid and tazobactam.
- TEM-1, TEM-2 and SHV-1 are part of this subgroup.
- o Subgroup 2br brings together enzymes which hydrolyze penicillins and first generation cephalosporins, and which are resistant to clavulanic acid and tazobactam. To date, 2br brings together variants of TEM (e.g. TEM-30) and SHV (e.g.
- o Subgroup 2be contains ESBLs. These enzymes hydrolyze penicillins, first to fourth generation cephalosporins, monobactams and further hydrolyze one or more oxyimino-B-lactams, such as cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam.
- ESBL-producing strains remain sensitive to cephamycins, carbapenems and inhibition by clavulanic acid. This compound is therefore sometimes administered in combination with B-lactam antibiotics, to limit the action of resistance enzymes.
- This subgroup notably includes the enzymes TEM-3, SHV-2 and CTX-M-15.
- the 2ber subgroup includes TEM enzymes with ESBL-like activity and resistance to clavulanic acid and tazobactam. These enzymes are also called B-lactamase CMT (TEM mutant complex). TEM-50 is part of the 2ber subgroup.
- o Subgroup 2c contains penicillinases which can hydrolyze carbenicillin. Clavulanic acid or tazobactam can inhibit these enzymes. PSE-1 and CARB-3 are part of subgroup 2c.
- o Subgroup 2ce contains carbenicillinase with broad activity against cefepime and cefpirome. RTG-4 is part of this subgroup.
- o Subgroup 2d includes B-lactamases which hydrolyze oxacillin.
- OXA enzymes are known as OXA enzymes and are variably inhibited by clavulanic acid.
- the enzymes notably found in this subgroup are OXA-1 and OXA-10.
- Subgroup 2de groups together OXA enzymes with an extended spectrum which includes oxyimino-B-lactams but not carbapenems.
- OXA-11 and OXA-15 are part of subgroup 2de.
- the 2df subgroup contains OXA enzymes with carbapenem hydrolysis activities.
- OXA-23 and OXA-48 are part of the 2df subgroup.
- Subgroup 2e contains the extended spectrum cephalosporinases and are inhibited by clavulanic acid or tazobactam.
- Subgroup 2f contains carbapenemases of molecular class A. These enzymes are better inhibited by tazobactam than by clavulanic acid.
- KPC-2, IMI-1 and SME-1 are enzymes that belong to subgroup 2f.
- Group 3 enzymes are carbapenemases which belong to molecular class B. They are resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid and tazobactam. The enzymes that belong to this subgroup are IMP-1, VIM-1, CcrA,
- ESBLs of the TEM and SHV type are part of the 2be and 2ber subgroups, that is to say they are capable of hydrolyzing penicillins, 1st to 4th generation cephalosporins and monobactams.
- ESBL-producing strains remain sensitive to cephamycins and carbapenems. Furthermore, ESBLs of subgroup 2be are inhibited by clavulanic acid. This compound is therefore sometimes administered in combination with B-lactam antibiotics, to limit the action of resistance enzymes.
- Enzymes with ESBL activity are increasingly found during blood infections in patients.
- ESBLs are a major source of public health concern. Indeed, they induce a high degree of resistance to antibiotics, including third generation cephalosporins. Sepsis is already characterized by a high mortality rate which increases rapidly over time, in the absence of appropriate treatment. After 5 hours without appropriate treatment, the survival rate of patients has already halved. It is only 10% after 24 hours and drops to less than 5% after 36 hours.
- a blood sample is taken and this blood is cultured (blood culture). If bacteria are present in the sample collected, they will multiply over the hours until they reach a sufficient concentration for the sample to be declared positive. It takes at least 6 to 8 hours for a blood culture to be declared positive and an additional 6 hours for the bacteria to be identified.
- the assessment of potential antibiotic resistance is the longest step to carry out, and sometimes requires up to 24-48 hours before obtaining the results. However, it is common to start antibiotic treatment before obtaining these results, because such a period of time without treatment would result in a very low patient survival rate.
- PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction
- sequencing Numerous molecular biology studies using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) amplification followed by sequencing have been tested.
- Real-time PCR and direct pyrosequencing of products can notably enable the identification of CTX-M variants with ESBL characteristics.
- Pyrosequencing is carried out using cycles of denaturation, annihilation and extension of the chain, then sequencing.
- the use of PCR has disadvantages such as the high cost of probes, as well as the lack of information on the actual expression of proteins involved in resistance mechanisms.
- MALDI-TOF has been used as a routine bacteriological analysis method in hospitals since its implementation ten years ago. This technique made it possible to reduce the time needed to identify bacteria, particularly in the case of blood infections. MALDI-TOF requires less data reprocessing time than conventional biochemical analysis methods in terms of identification. Therefore, the use of this analytical technique quickly spread in hospital laboratories and became a technique of choice for routine testing in clinical microbiology.
- MALDI-TOF is still not used as a routine method for the characterization of ESBLs. Indeed, for the Enterobacteriaceae group in particular, differentiation between certain resistance mechanisms is not always possible, because they present a remarkably similar profile (Hou et al., 2019).
- Top-down proteomics enables the direct analysis of proteins through the use of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) such as Orbitrap technology, powerful software and extensive databases.
- HRMS high-resolution mass spectrometry
- This technology is particularly suitable for high-throughput screening analyzes and can be used in targeted approaches as well as for quantitative analyses.
- the difficulty of obtaining a precise understanding of this instrumentation and its high cost explain the limits of its application in a routine setting.
- LC-MS/MS is particularly promising and allows the separation and identification of peptides in bacteriology. Peptides are obtained by enzymatic digestion of proteins. This approach is easier to apply in hospital laboratories because it is simpler to use, more affordable, and less time-consuming in terms of reprocessing.
- bottom-up proteomics does not cover the entire protein sequence. It is therefore necessary to choose the best candidate peptides from the complete sequence, that is to say those particularly specific to an ESBL, which will be characterized by mass spectrometry to precisely detect and identify the ESBL(s). present in the sample studied.
- the article by presents a method for identifying bacteria resistant to beta-lactamases by MS/MS mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography.
- the processed samples are blood samples cultured and identified as being “positive”, that is to say comprising a bacterial population of the E. coli and/or K. pneumoniae species.
- Patent application US 2017/0052198 describes a method for detecting resistance to cephalosporin (beta-lactamase enzyme) based on detection of specific peptides by MS/MS mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography.
- cephalosporin beta-lactamase enzyme
- MS/MS mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography.
- the peptides are previously obtained by enzymatic digestion.
- Patent EP 2 699 692 details a low resolution RPLC-MS/MS analysis strategy to detect at least one mechanism of resistance to cephalosporins. Different resistance mechanisms are being sought, such as resistance to TEM-type B-lactams in strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter aerogenes and other species capable of producing B-lactamases. This process indicates that “only the part of the gradient between 3 and 34 minutes is useful for the analysis”.
- the present invention proposes a solution to this problem of non-detection of certain ESBL-specific peptides, due to their short sequence and therefore their non-retention on reversed-phase chromatography columns, by ascending mass spectrometry.
- the present invention relates to a method for determining the resistance properties to beta-lactam antibiotics of a strain of enterobacterium present in a biological sample, comprising the following steps: a) lysis of the bacteria and hydrolysis of the bacterial proteins, to obtain a mixture of peptides, b) analysis of this mixture of peptides by targeted mass spectrometry coupled with reversed-phase liquid chromatography, the detection of at least one peptide specific for an enzyme with extended spectrum beta-lactamase activity (ESBL ) being indicative of the resistance to beta-lactams of the enterobacteria strain present in said biological sample, said method being characterized in that step (b) of analysis is carried out in the presence of a matching agent d ion (IPR) added to the chromatography column or to the peptide mixture.
- a matching agent d ion (IPR) added to the chromatography column or to the peptide mixture.
- the present invention also relates to a kit for its use in implementing the method described above, said kit comprising trypsin and heptafluorobutyric acid.
- FIG. 1 Chromatogram illustrating the detection of the SG ⁇ GK peptide (SEQ ID NO. 8) in sample no. 27.
- the retention time of this peptide is 2.2 minutes, under the conditions of the process of the invention.
- FIG. 7 Impact of the concentration of the HFBA solution injected upstream of the analysis to increase the retention time of said peptides on the stationary phase, that is to say to slow down their elution with the mobile phase.
- the percentage of HFBA tested is between 0 and 0.5%.
- the retention time for each peptide tested is indicated in minutes. 7 short sequence peptides (less than 7 residues) and therefore exhibiting very little retention in reversed phase were used: SGASER (SEQ ID NO.7), SGAGER (SEQ ID NO.21), TGASER (SEQ ID NO.25 ), TGAGER (SEQ ID NO.33), SGAGK (SEQ ID NO.8), TGASK (SEQ ID NO.26), and SGTGK (SEQ ID NO.9).
- FIG. 3 Impact of the addition of HFBA on the area under the chromatographic peaks of the different monitored peptides containing 5 or 6 amino acids.
- the HFBA is injected just before the LC-MS/MS analysis using an injection program.
- the areas were normalized by a test analysis without HFBA where the peptides co-elute at the dead time.
- the drastic drop in the area under the peak curve (between 30 mM and 38 mM) demonstrates significant ion suppression during the co-elution of the peptides of interest with HFBA.
- FIG. 4 Chromatogram showing the HFBA signal for an injected quantity of 30 mM.
- the abscissa axis is graduated in units of time (minutes).
- the y axis corresponds to the signal intensity detected by MS/MS.
- the present invention relates more particularly to an improvement in the technology for detecting enzymes with ESBL activity in a sample, as described in patent EP 2 699 692.
- the present invention relates to a method for determining the resistance properties to beta-lactam antibiotics of a strain of enterobacteria present in a biological sample, comprising the following steps: a) lysis of the bacteria and hydrolysis of the bacterial proteins, to obtain a mixture of peptides, b) analysis of this mixture of peptides by targeted mass spectrometry coupled with reversed-phase liquid chromatography, the detection of at least one peptide specific for an enzyme with extended spectrum beta-lactamase activity (ESBL) being indicative of the resistance to beta-lactams of the strain of enterobacteria present in said biological sample, said method being characterized in that step (b) of analysis is carried out in the presence of an agent of ion pairing (IPR) added to the chromatography column or to the peptide mixture.
- IPR agent of ion pairing
- Beta-lactam antibiotics refer to antibiotics whose molecular structure contains a beta-lactam nucleus. This large family of compounds includes penicillin derivatives, cephalosporins, monobactams, carbapenems and B-lactamase inhibitors.
- a strain of enterobacterium designates a strain of the Enterobacteriaceae family.
- This large family of gram-negative bacteria includes the following pathogenic species: Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Shigella, Enterobacter and Citrobacter.
- an “enzyme with extended spectrum beta-lactamase activity (ESBL)” designates a bacterial enzyme capable of inactivating at least one B-lactam by hydrolyzing its B-lactam ring.
- ESBL beta-lactamase activity
- variants Two types are particularly well known, these are the TEM and SHV enzymes.
- IPRs are known, such as formic acid, perfluorinated acids such as trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), pentafluoropropionic acid (PFPA) and heptafluorobutyric acid (HFBA), as well as n-compounds. butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl and n-octyl-1-sulfonate.
- short sequence peptide means peptides consisting of less than 7 amino acid residues, in particular peptides consisting of 5 or 6 amino acids.
- peptide specific for an extended spectrum beta-lactamase means a peptide obtained by the hydrolysis of bacterial proteins of the beta-lactamase type, as defined in the introduction, and in particular the ESBL enzymes of TEM and SHV type, and indicating the “ESBL” character of the enzyme. This concerns in particular peptides having the following sequences:
- I PR ion-pairing reagent
- the article (Sadjadi et al., 2017) concerns the separation of compounds such as aminoglycosides, catecholamines and paraquat, but does not provide guidance on the separation of peptides.
- This article shows that the retention time of compounds to be separated is increased by adding an ion pairing agent directly into the sample, rather than into the chromatography mobile phase.
- different IPRs were tested, including n-heptyl-1 -sulfonate, added in concentrations between 5 and 75 mM.
- lysing bacterial cells can be used. Examples include thermal methods (temperature above 100°C for 10 minutes, or freezing in liquid nitrogen), enzymatic (action of lysozyme or lyticase) or mechanical (high pressure, grinding or sonication).
- the lysis of bacteria is carried out by sonication.
- pepsin which hydrolyzes peptide bonds preferentially before aromatic amino acids (Tyrosine, Tryptophan and Phenylalanine), endoproteinase GluC which cuts the peptide bond at the level of glutamate residues, or trypsin which cleaves proteins on the C-terminal side of the amino acids lysine and arginine.
- trypsin is used as an enzyme for the bacterial protein hydrolysis step. Trypsin is in fact preferred for the specific nature of its activity, the suitable size of the peptides that it generates, and the nature of the “tryptic” peptides which have on the C-terminal side an amino acid that can be positively charged (lysine or arginine), thus facilitating the analysis by mass spectrometry (analysis of charged molecules).
- This step (a) also includes a centrifugation step making it possible to separate the mixture of peptides from the cellular debris; this step is well known to those skilled in the art and does not require further comment.
- Mass spectrometers include: i) an ionization source (called an “electrospray”) intended to ionize the molecules to be analyzed, that is to say to confer a positive or negative charge on these molecules; ii) a mass analyzer intended to separate the ionized molecules according to their mass to charge ratio (m / z); iii) a detector intended to measure the signal produced either directly by the molecular ions, or by ions produced from the molecular ions, as detailed below.
- an ionization source called an “electrospray”
- a mass analyzer intended to separate the ionized molecules according to their mass to charge ratio (m / z)
- a detector intended to measure the signal produced either directly by the molecular ions, or by ions produced from the molecular ions, as detailed below.
- Targeted mass spectrometry is a variant in which the molecules of interest sought by this analysis technique are known beforehand, and the analysis is used to identify their presence or not in a sample.
- SRM mode or even MRM mode
- MRM mode is to specifically select a precursor ion, to fragment it, then to specifically select one of its fragment ions.
- triple quadrupole type devices or triple quadrupole ion trap hybrids are generally used.
- the mass spectrometry analysis is targeted during the analysis (SRM/MRM, MRM3, PRM type mode).
- the analysis by targeted mass spectrometry is carried out in MRM or MRM3 mode, and very preferably is carried out in MRM3 mode.
- This technique is particularly suitable for subsequent analysis of compounds in mass spectrometry, the IPR being completely eluted from the column during the washing step. and therefore not interfering with the following step of analyzing the compounds by mass spectrometry. In addition, this limits the progressive clogging of the mass spectrometer.
- the solvent used in reversed phase chromatography is in particular an aqueous solution of acetonitrile (H2O/ACN 98/2; v/v) acidified with 2% formic acid.
- heptafluorobutyric acid is used at a concentration of at least 0.4%, in an aqueous solution.
- concentration of heptafluorobutyric acid can also be between 0.4% and 0.6%, or be equal to 0.4%, 0.5%, or 0.6%.
- mass spectrometry is targeted for the detection of peptides having a short sequence, that is to say being made up of less than 7 amino acids, in particular peptides made up of 5 to 6 amino acids. , and in particular the peptides having the following sequences:
- the sample on which the method of the invention is implemented is any sample likely to contain a target bacterial strain.
- This biological sample can be of human or animal origin.
- the biological sample is chosen from:
- a bacterial culture such as a blood culture, a colony on agar or culture broth,
- a food sample such as for example a sample of dairy product, meat, fish, egg, fruit, vegetable or a drink, and
- any other type of biological sample such as for example a water sample or a sample taken from a surface.
- It will preferably be a biological fluid, in particular a blood sample (blood, serum, plasma).
- a blood sample blood, serum, plasma.
- blood culture we mean a blood sample taken from a patient then incubated under appropriate conditions to allow proliferation of any bacteria present in said sample.
- This blood culture can be carried out in blood culture bottles such as those marketed in the Bact/ ⁇ lert range distributed by BioMérieux, or those in the Bactec range distributed by Becton Dickinson.
- the present invention also relates to a kit for its use in implementing the process as described above, comprising reagents making it possible to implement the process, in particular:
- the ion pairing agent may in particular be chosen from formic acid, perfluorinated acids such as trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), pentafluoropropionic acid (PFPA) and heptafluorobutyric acid (HFBA), as well as among the compounds n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl and n-octyl-1-sulfonate.
- TFA trifluoroacetic acid
- PFPA pentafluoropropionic acid
- HFBA heptafluorobutyric acid
- kit will also include preparation and/or use instructions, in particular a notice specifying the conditions for implementing the process.
- HFBA heptafluorobutyric acid
- the bacterial samples that were analyzed by LC-MS/MS are reported in Table 4 below. These samples are agar (bacterial culture), but the analysis presented can also be carried out with blood cultures. All these samples were subjected to enzymatic digestion. The protocol that was used is as follows. The first 3 steps are optional and are only carried out if pre-concentration of the sample is necessary.
- the mobile phase gradient used is presented in TABLE 5 below.
- the program used for the injection is as follows:
- the system used does not allow an injection program to be carried out, then it is also possible to use two chromatographic methods in succession to analyze the samples.
- the first method would be isocratic with 98% mobile phase A and a duration of a few seconds to inject the acid at the top of the column.
- the second method would allow the sample to be injected and analyzed with the classic chromatographic conditions described above and the mobile phase gradient presented in TABLE 5.
- Liquid chromatography is coupled to a Sciex 6500+ mass spectrometer.
- the peptides resulting from the enzymatic digestion of bacterial strains are analyzed by mass spectrometry in MRM mode (positive electrospray ionization).
- Peptides specific to TEM and SHV type enzymes, as well as ribosomal peptides found in enterobacteria were monitored.
- the 42 peptides monitored in the method are described in TABLE 6 below.
- 34 peptides come from a TEM and/or SHV type enzyme; among these, 8 are indicative of the ESBL activity of the enzyme considered; and 8 peptides are ribosomal peptides detected for normalization/quantification purposes.
- MRM detection window 60 seconds
- Auxiliary gas 1 (Ion Source Gas 1): 70 psi
- Auxiliary Gas 2 (Ion Source Gas 2): 60 psi
- the start of the analysis is not analyzed by mass spectrometry.
- the ionization of the compounds begins after 1.2 minutes.
- each peptide is validated if the transitions studied are aligned, if the intensity ratios between the transitions are consistent with those of synthetic peptides identical to those analyzed, and finally if the detected intensity threshold is equivalent to at least three times the noise intensity for the transition studied.
- the results obtained are described in TABLE 8A, TABLE 8B, TABLE 8C.
- the “-” corresponds to the absence of detection while “yes” indicates the presence of the peptide. When the presence of the peptide implies an ESBL-type enzymatic activity, the “yes” is in bold.
- All samples tested present at least one peptide specific to a TEM or SHV type enzyme.
- the bacterial strains tested are therefore at least resistant to the action of first-generation penicillins and cephalosporins.
- the samples Sample 1, Sample 2, Sample 4, Sample 6, Sample 9, Sample 10, Sample 16, Sample 17, Sample 18, Sample 19, Sample 25, Sample 26, Sample 27, Sample 28, Sample 29, Sample 30 contain at least one peptide specific to the ESBL character of these enzymes. These bacterial strains are therefore resistant to penicillins, first to fourth generation cephalosporins, and monobactams.
- FIG. 1 shows a chromatogram which illustrates the detection of the SGAGK peptide (SEQ ID NO. 8) in sample Ech 27.
- samples Ech 6 and Ech 9 had their resistance profile correctly characterized thanks to the identification of 6 amino acid peptides, respectively TGASER (SEQ ID NO. 25 ) and SGASER (SEQ ID NO. 7), which are the only ESBL-specific peptides found in these samples.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Computational Biology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2204982A FR3135991A1 (fr) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Procédé d’identification des enzymes BLSE chez les entérobactéries |
| PCT/FR2023/050729 WO2023227848A1 (fr) | 2022-05-24 | 2023-05-23 | Procédé d'identification des enzymes blse chez les entérobactéries |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4532744A1 true EP4532744A1 (fr) | 2025-04-09 |
Family
ID=82319854
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23728398.1A Withdrawn EP4532744A1 (fr) | 2022-05-24 | 2023-05-23 | Procédé d'identification des enzymes blse chez les entérobactéries |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4532744A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3135991A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023227848A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9874570B2 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2018-01-23 | Biomerieux, Inc. | Method of detecting at least one mechanism of resistance to cephalosporins by mass spectrometry |
| WO2012143534A2 (fr) | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-26 | Biomerieux Inc. | Procede de detection d'au moins un mecanisme de resistance aux cephalosporines par spectrometrie de masse |
-
2022
- 2022-05-24 FR FR2204982A patent/FR3135991A1/fr active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-05-23 WO PCT/FR2023/050729 patent/WO2023227848A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-05-23 EP EP23728398.1A patent/EP4532744A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023227848A1 (fr) | 2023-11-30 |
| FR3135991A1 (fr) | 2023-12-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2488660B1 (fr) | Procede de caracterisation d'au moins un microorganisme par spectrometrie de masse | |
| JP6087341B2 (ja) | セファロスポリンに対する耐性の少なくとも1つの機構を質量分析により検出する方法 | |
| JP6216711B2 (ja) | カルバペネムに対する耐性の少なくとも1つの機構を質量分析により検出する方法 | |
| EP2844753B1 (fr) | Procédé d'obtention de peptides | |
| WO2023135390A1 (fr) | Procede de determination de la resistance a la meticilline de souches de staphylococcus aureus | |
| US9803229B2 (en) | Method of detection of gram-negative bacteria periplasmic space and cell wall outer membrane proteins by mass spectrometry | |
| EP4532744A1 (fr) | Procédé d'identification des enzymes blse chez les entérobactéries | |
| EP4058591A1 (fr) | Determination par spectrometrie de masse de la sensibilite ou de la resistance de bacteries a un antibiotique | |
| CA2879520C (fr) | Procede de detection d'au moins un mecanisme de resistance aux glycopeptides par spectrometrie de masse | |
| FR3106414A1 (fr) | Procédé d’identification et de caractérisation d’une population microbienne par spectrométrie de masse | |
| EP3004890B1 (fr) | Procédé pour caractériser par spectrométrie de masse en tandem un échantillon biologique | |
| EP1137802B1 (fr) | Procede de determination de l'activite d'une substance mettant en oeuvre un test fonctionnel in vitro | |
| WO2013038022A1 (fr) | Procede de caracterisation de bacteries, par detection de proteines non-structurales de bacteriophages | |
| JP2026013695A (ja) | 微生物の薬剤耐性評価方法 | |
| WO2016024068A1 (fr) | Procédé de quantification d'au moins un groupe de microorganismes par spectrométrie de masse | |
| Gallagher | A Differential Requirement for Cdc48/p97 and Protein Chaperones in Nuclear Protein Quality Control Degradation | |
| EP2859115A2 (fr) | Procédé de détection de la sensibilité de microorganismes à des agents chimiques |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20241220 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20250806 |