EP4523308A1 - Voralterungsverfahren zum voraltern einer batterie und testverfahren zum testen von batteriesätzen - Google Patents
Voralterungsverfahren zum voraltern einer batterie und testverfahren zum testen von batteriesätzenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4523308A1 EP4523308A1 EP23732341.5A EP23732341A EP4523308A1 EP 4523308 A1 EP4523308 A1 EP 4523308A1 EP 23732341 A EP23732341 A EP 23732341A EP 4523308 A1 EP4523308 A1 EP 4523308A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- aging
- battery
- test
- batteries
- profiles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/386—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables using test-loads
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/3865—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables related to manufacture, e.g. testing after manufacture
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
- H02J7/84—Control of state of health [SOH]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/933—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/971—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pre-aging method for pre-aging a battery to a predetermined aging state, a test method for testing battery sets according to a predetermined test plan, a computer program product, a pre-aging system for pre-aging a battery to a predetermined aging state and a test system for testing battery sets according to a predetermined test plan .
- the aging behavior of newly developed batteries is of great interest.
- the usual procedure for determining aging behavior is to carry out aging measurement tests with artificial load profiles.
- the load profiles are defined by a sequence of charge/discharge cycles, followed by rest periods and a capacity and performance test and, if necessary, further tests.
- the parameters of the artificial profiles can be varied to obtain information about aging behavior under different conditions.
- the state of the art is to carry out the aging measurement test based on DOE (Design of Experiment) in order to obtain maximum information with the number of batteries used.
- DOE Design of Experiment
- a specific set of cycle parameters is applied to each individual battery and the cycle begins with a new state up to a predefined aging state (also SOH for State of Health) of, for example, 75%.
- the remaining capacity decreases over time depending on the selected load profile parameters.
- the resulting time until the desired SOH is reached depends heavily on the selected load profile. This can result in some batteries reaching the end of their life very early, while other cells do not reach the desired SOH value.
- a battery only provides information about one set of parameters for the load profile.
- the long period of time in the known test method is disadvantageous.
- batteries in a SOH To test the range of battery capacity from 100% to 80%, it is quite possible that they will have to go through 1,000 or more cycles.
- the associated long periods of time are unavoidable when limited to a set of cycle parameters, since - in the case of cycle parameters that moderately influence aging - the aging of the battery or the achievement of an SOH of 0 can take a long time.
- a pre-aging method for pre-aging at least one battery to a predetermined aging state.
- the pre-aging process according to the invention has the following steps:
- the pre-aging process according to the invention enables adapted battery aging of the battery up to a desired aging state. This is particularly useful if several batteries are being aged in parallel.
- the pre-aging process according to the invention has the advantage that several batteries can be aged relatively evenly in relation to the required period of time due to the different aging profiles.
- a special application is the pre-aging method according to the invention with regard to a test method according to the invention, which preferably follows afterwards, as will be explained in more detail later.
- batteries pre-aged using the pre-aging process according to the invention are advantageously used in order to take advantage of the advantages of rapid and uniform battery aging.
- the pre-aging process can also provide for aging information to be obtained from the different aging profiles.
- the state of aging can be described by the so-called SOH (State of Health).
- SOH State of Health
- the aging condition can only be indicated by the SOH.
- the SOH is a measure of the available capacity of the battery - along with other influencing variables - at the respective aging state. More specifically, it can be expressed as an indication of the available remaining capacity of the battery in relation to the original battery capacity or design capacity of the battery.
- Another SOH influencing factor relevant to operation is the (relative) change in internal resistance as the battery ages (generally an increase in internal resistance over aging).
- the SOH adequately describes the aging condition of the battery. It was found that when operating within certain operating parameters of the cell (including, but not limited to, charge/discharge current, cell voltage limits, temperature), the SOH is only insignificantly dependent on the previous stress on the batteries. Instead, the aging state can be adequately described by the SOH and the history of battery aging can be neglected when operating within cell chemistry-dependent parameters.
- a single battery cell can be used as the battery. However, several interconnected battery cells or battery modules of a battery pack can also be used. And of course it is also possible to use a battery pack as a battery, so that the entire battery pack with all of its battery cells is pre-aged.
- the battery pack can in particular be a traction battery for an electric drive of a motor vehicle.
- a traction battery for an electric drive of a motor vehicle.
- aging over the long service life of the motor vehicle plays a particularly important role, which must be examined through tests before a battery is used in a motor vehicle.
- an aging profile is understood to mean a specification of at least one charging and/or discharging process for the battery.
- An aging profile preferably includes the specification of several charging and/or discharging processes defined on the basis of predefined aging parameters, in particular several charging and discharging cycles.
- an aging profile can be 2 to 300, 4 to 200, 10 to 150 or the like based on aging parameters Define predefined charging and discharging cycles.
- An aging profile specifies charging/discharging cycles for the battery, which are always applied to the battery under the same aging parameters for a predetermined number of cycles.
- the aging parameters are to be understood as parameters that can be set and varied during the charge/discharge cycles and which have an influence on the aging of the battery. This can in particular be external environmental parameters and/or electrical operating parameters of the battery.
- the at least one second aging profile is referred to as at least one further aging profile. It differs from the other or all other aging profiles in one or more aging parameters.
- a further step of determining an interim aging state can be provided. The interim aging state can also be compared with the specified aging state. It is also possible to predefine the aging parameters of the further aging profile depending on an interim aging state, in particular a comparison of the interim aging state with the predetermined aging state.
- the application of the at least one further aging profile continues until the predefined termination criterion of the pre-aging process is met.
- the termination criterion is that the previously specified aging state has been reached.
- the result is a battery which has been pre-aged quickly and evenly to the specified aging state and can now be used, in particular for the previously mentioned test method according to the invention.
- further aging profiles are selected from the large number of different aging profiles and applied to the battery until the predetermined aging state of the battery is reached, the further aging profiles differing in at least one or more of the predefined aging parameters at least from the previously selected and on the The aging profile applied to the battery differs.
- the further aging profiles can also differ from several or all of the previously selected and applied aging profiles in at least one or more of the predefined aging parameters.
- At least one of the selected aging profiles is set up for aging the battery at a first speed and at least one other of the selected aging profiles is set up for aging the battery at a second speed that is different from the first speed.
- the first speed can, for example, be a typically slow aging speed with low charging and/or discharging current
- the second speed can be a fast aging speed with typically very high charging and/or discharging current.
- the predetermined aging parameters are at least two of a temperature, a mechanical pressure, a charging current, a discharging current, a state of charge, in particular a delta state of charge, and a pulse frequency. In particular, it can also be at least three or more or all of the aforementioned.
- the surroundings of the battery can be influenced by the temperature and mechanical pressure, so that these aging parameters can be viewed as external environmental parameters that can have an influence on the aging of the battery.
- the remaining parameters are electrical operating parameters of the battery that can be adjusted during charging and/or discharging.
- the state of charge can be used as an aging parameter to indicate how much the battery is charged and discharged between charge/discharge cycles.
- the state of charge can, for example, be predefined absolutely or relatively. Different predefinitions are also possible with regard to the other aging parameters, for example with regard to the discharge current and charging current, for which it is possible, for example, to predefine the peak current and/or the average current.
- the predetermined aging parameters in the aging profiles lie in a predetermined parameter range.
- This parameter range can be limited, particularly with regard to the battery design. This prevents the battery from being operated outside of its design, for example at temperatures below - 40 °C, when it is only designed for a maximum of - 40 °C. This ensures that pre-aging does not cause any damage to the battery, which may only become noticeable later and makes the pre-aged battery no longer usable, in particular testable, in the way that would be possible under proper real-world conditions.
- the predetermined aging state is in the range of 95% to 70%, in particular 90% to 75%, remaining capacity measured against a design capacity of the battery.
- SOHs 95%, 90%, 85%, 80%, 75% and/or 70% may be considered.
- the specified aging condition is the same for all batteries.
- the batteries can be located, for example, in a battery arrangement with a parallel connection of the batteries and a voltage source for charging the batteries and an electrical consumer for discharging the batteries.
- the batteries can preferably be identical in construction, but can also be different from one another, for example in terms of cell chemistry, structure, number of cells, etc.
- the batteries advantageously have the same battery capacity of 100% of the design capacity.
- the respective aging profiles can preferably be selected differently for all of the batteries that have been pre-aged in parallel. As already mentioned, this makes it possible to test the batteries because different aging profiles are used and more information can be collected about the battery aging of the batteries, especially of the same type. Alternatively, the same aging profiles can also be selected and applied for the respective batteries in order to produce aging that is as uniform as possible.
- the aging profiles for the batteries are selected taking into account the interim aging states of the other batteries.
- an interim aging state can be determined or monitored, in particular in relation to the predetermined aging state. If there are several batteries, this can not only be used as feedback for selecting the aging profile of the battery with the interim aging state, but also for the other batteries. For example, it can be determined that a battery ages comparatively faster than the others because an interim aging state of this battery is higher than that of the other batteries.
- An aging profile can then be selected for the other batteries, which causes faster aging than in the battery with the already high interim aging state, in order to bring the batteries back into line with one another in terms of their interim aging states.
- Another crucial advantage is being able to measure as many different combinations of aging parameters as possible in each current aging level (SOH).
- SOH current aging level
- the information obtained from this can be coupled with each other.
- a model can be formed from the data measured so far about the connection between the aging parameters and aging.
- new aging parameter combinations can then be selected where little information is available and, in particular, a predetermined aging rate corridor can be adhered to.
- the present invention also relates to a test method for testing battery packs according to a predetermined test plan.
- the test procedure has the following steps:
- test plan for testing the battery packs, the test plan specifying charging and/or discharging processes with predefined test parameters for the battery packs, and
- the test method according to the invention thus allows a considerable acceleration of testing of batteries, in particular battery packs, according to a predetermined test plan. This is achieved by providing and testing batteries with different battery capacities. In this way, batteries can be tested within a certain range of an aging state, in particular the SOH range, for example from 100% to 80%, without actually testing all batteries over the necessary number of cycles from 100% design capacity to 80% according to the test plan.
- the test plan can in particular be a DOE test plan.
- the batteries of the individual battery sets can in particular be identical batteries, i.e. in particular with the same cell chemistry, the same cell structure and/or the same design capacity. This allows a battery of a specific type to be tested with a comprehensive sample so that variability between batteries is covered for the test procedure. Different test parameters can also be applied to the different batteries, so that different information regarding battery aging can be obtained as the individual batteries age.
- Each of the at least two battery sets therefore preferably comprises several batteries, i.e. at least two, three or more batteries, for example two to ten or three to six batteries. This allows for a larger sample size for testing and therefore more valid test results.
- Battery capacity is understood to mean, in particular, the maximum capacity of a battery, which, as explained above, can be specified in relation to its design capacity.
- the battery capacities of the at least one first battery and the at least one second battery are residual capacities, the batteries originally having essentially the same initial capacity or, in other words, being constructed with essentially the same design capacity.
- the internal resistance of the battery increases as aging progresses.
- the change in internal resistance is accompanied by influences on, for example, the performance behavior of the battery.
- appropriate measurements result in a more complex picture for describing the influences caused by battery aging (performance, range).
- test parameters especially electrical operating parameters, as explained in relation to the aging parameters come into question as test parameters.
- the two battery sets have each been pre-aged to their battery capacities, in particular residual capacities, according to the pre-aging process according to the invention.
- several batteries of a battery set can, if possible, have the same predetermined aging state in the form of the same battery capacity if they have been pre-aged using the pre-aging method according to the invention for the test method according to the invention.
- test method according to the invention and the pre-aging method according to the invention are also possible to combine the test method according to the invention and the pre-aging method according to the invention with one another, with the pre-aging method being carried out before the test method.
- the pre-aging process can be carried out for at least one of the battery packs in the test process.
- the arrangements or circuits of the battery packs for the pre-aging process can also be used for the test process.
- the test parameters for the batteries specified by the test plan are preferably different. This allows testing of, in particular, identical batteries at different SOH with different test parameters to obtain different aging information as the batteries age as a result of the test.
- the test parameter in which the batteries differ is the ambient temperature.
- the test can provide different information regarding the aging behavior at different temperatures for a specific battery type.
- test time of the test procedure can be approximately halved compared to a test procedure in which a battery pack with three batteries would have to be completely aged from 100% SOH to 80% SOH. Nevertheless it will the same amount of aging information was obtained over the entire SOH range from 100% to 80%.
- the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising commands which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the pre-aging method according to the invention and/or the test method according to the invention.
- a computer program product according to the invention thus brings with it the same advantages as have been explained in detail with reference to the pre-aging method according to the invention and the test method according to the invention.
- the computer program product can be a computer program itself or a product, such as a computer-readable data storage device, on which a
- Computer program for carrying out the pre-aging method according to the invention and/or the test method according to the invention can be stored.
- the pre-aging system has the following modules:
- At least one selection module for selecting at least one aging profile from a plurality of different aging profiles, each of the aging profiles specifying a charging and/or discharging process with predefined aging parameters for the battery, and for selecting a further aging profile from the plurality of different aging profiles, the further aging profile at least one of the predefined aging parameters differs from the previously selected aging profile applied to the battery,
- At least one application module for applying the previously selected at least one aging profile to the battery and for applying the previously selected further aging profile to the battery
- At least one determination module for determining whether the battery has reached the predetermined aging state.
- a pre-aging system according to the invention thus brings with it the same advantages as have been explained in detail with reference to the pre-aging method according to the invention.
- the pre-aging system can be set up to carry out the pre-aging method according to the invention.
- Individual or all modules of the pre-aging system can, for example, be implemented by a separate computer program code or together by a common computer program code and/or by separate or common functional units of a computer or electronic components. It is also possible for individual modules to be implemented in a common module.
- the pre-aging system can in particular comprise one or more computers or be formed by the one or more computers, which can have the individual modules.
- test system for testing battery packs.
- the test system has the following modules:
- At least one provision module for providing a first battery set with at least a first battery having a first battery capacity and for providing at least a second battery set with at least one second battery having a second battery capacity that is different from the first battery capacity
- test plan for testing the battery packs
- test plan specifying charging and/or discharging processes with predefined test parameters for the battery packs
- parallel testing can be carried out separately or together.
- at least one test module can be used to test the two battery sets separately or in parallel.
- test system can be set up to carry out the test method according to the invention.
- test system and the pre-aging system can also be combined into a common system, whereby individual modules, such as the default module, can only be provided once and can be used for the test system and the pre-aging system.
- test system can, for example, be implemented by a separate computer program code or together by a common computer program code and/or by separate or common functional units of a computer or electronic components. It is also possible for individual modules to be implemented in a common module.
- the test system can in particular comprise one or more computers or be formed by the one or more computers, which can have the individual modules.
- 1 is a schematic representation of a battery circuit
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a pre-aging process according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a pre-aging system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
- 4 shows a schematic representation of the aging of batteries by an aging process according to the prior art
- 5 is a schematic representation of the aging of batteries by the pre-aging process of FIG. 2 or the pre-aging system of FIG. 3
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a test method according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of a test system according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
- Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of an alternative to the test system of Fig. 7;
- FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of an alternative to the test system of FIG. 7, in particular in combination with FIG. 8;
- FIG. 10 shows a further schematic representation of the aging of batteries by the pre-aging process of FIG. 2 or the pre-aging system of FIG. 3, and
- Fig. 11 is a schematic representation of the aging of batteries during the test method of Fig. 6 or the test system of Fig. 7.
- FIG 1 shows schematically a battery circuit 1 with several batteries 2, which are connected in parallel to a voltage source 3 for charging the batteries 2 and a consumer 4 for discharging the batteries 2.
- the voltage source 3 and the consumer 4 can each be switched on by switch 5 in the battery circuit 1.
- the batteries 2 can be identical in construction.
- the batteries 2 can be, for example, battery cells, battery modules or battery packs.
- Fig. 1 shows only a simple variant of a possible battery circuit 1, which allows the pre-aging process 10 explained with regard to Figure 2.
- the pre-aging process 10 serves to pre-age the one or more batteries 2 (which will be referred to below) of the battery circuit 1 to a predetermined aging state.
- the aging state of the batteries 2 to be achieved is specified.
- an aging profile is then selected from a large number of different aging profiles.
- Each of the aging profiles specifies a specific number of charging/discharging cycles with predefined aging parameters for the batteries 2, which are carried out using the voltage source 3 and the consumer 4.
- the aging parameters can be, for example, environmental parameters such as temperature or mechanical pressure on the batteries 2 and electrical operating parameters such as charging and discharging current.
- the aging profile selected in the first selection step 12 is applied to the batteries 2.
- the first selection step 12 and the first application step 13 are now essentially repeated by a second selection step 14 and a second application step 15, with further repetitions also being possible, as indicated by three continuation points in FIG. 2, until the predetermined aging state of the batteries 2 is reached.
- a second selection step 14 and possibly further, i.e. third, fourth, etc. selection steps (not shown here), an aging profile different from the previously applied aging profile is selected.
- the aging profile differs in one or more of the predefined aging parameters, so that the batteries 2 are loaded differently with the different aging profiles.
- FIG. 3 shows a pre-aging system 20 as it can be used to carry out the pre-aging process 10 of FIG. 2.
- the pre-aging system 20 has a default module 21 for carrying out the default step 11, a selection module 22 for carrying out the selection steps 12, 14, an application module 23 for carrying out the application steps 13, 15 and a determination module 24, which determines whether the batteries 2 have reached the predetermined aging state and thus allows the pre-aging process 10 to be terminated.
- FIG. 4 now shows the aging of five batteries 2 in a diagram of SOH (State of Health) as an indication of the remaining capacity of the batteries 2 compared to their design capacity (normalized to 100%) over the number of cycles n of charge/discharge cycles according to the prior art .
- SOH State of Health
- Pre-aging process 10 is used as a test process for obtaining aging information, all five batteries 2 could be tested over an SOH range of 100% to approximately 80% with different aging profiles. so that a greater wealth of information about aging is available here. However, it is even more preferred that Pre-aging process 10 should be used before the actual test process 30, as shown in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 6 shows schematically a test method 30 for testing battery sets, such as the battery set of FIG. 1 comprising the five batteries 2 shown there and a further battery set, not shown, which in turn comprises a plurality of batteries 2.
- Figure 7 shows a corresponding test system 40 through which the test method 30 can be carried out.
- a provision module 41 provides a first battery set with first batteries 2 with a first battery capacity, in particular residual capacity, for example connected in a battery circuit 1 like that from FIG. 1.
- the same provision module 41 of the test system 40 provides, in a second provision step 32, a second battery set with second batteries 2 with a second battery capacity that is different from the first battery capacity.
- the first battery set can, for example, have three batteries 2 with battery capacities of 100% SOH and the second battery set can, for example, also have three batteries 2 with battery capacities of 90% SOH, which in particular according to have been pre-aged quickly and evenly in just a few cycles using the pre-aging process 10 according to the invention.
- a specification module 42 of the test system 40 then carries out a specification step 33 for specifying the test plan for testing the battery packs.
- the test plan specifies charge/discharge cycles with predefined test parameters for the battery sets, which are different for the batteries 2 tested.
- a test step 34 is then carried out by a test module 43, in which the battery packs are tested in parallel in accordance with the specified test plan.
- Fig. 11 shows that the batteries 2 are fully tested in the SOH range from 100 to approximately 80% in only 600 cycles, instead of over 1,000 cycles and only in a partially matching SOH range of 100% to just under 95% of all batteries 2, as would be the case in an aging test according to FIG.
- the battery packs 1 with different capacities can also be provided in parallel. Accordingly, the test method 30 can be carried out on the different battery packs 1 of different capacities. Accordingly, different test systems 40 can also be used, on which the battery packs 1 of different capacities are tested in parallel or one after the other, as shown by way of example in FIGS. 8 and 9, whereby the data from both test systems 40 in FIGS. 8 and 9 can then be merged.
- Figure 10 shows a battery capacity corridor 50, as it is preferably maintained by a predetermined parameter range for the aging parameters of the aging profiles.
- the battery capacity corridor 50 can be maintained by determining and feeding back intermediate aging states of the batteries 2. The feedback can take place in the selection step 14 and further selection steps in order to select the further aging profile of the batteries 2 in such a way that all batteries 2 run in the battery capacity corridor 50 and reach the predetermined aging state at the same time as possible.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA50408/2022A AT526220B1 (de) | 2022-06-10 | 2022-06-10 | Voralterungsverfahren zum Voraltern einer Batterie und Testverfahren zum Testen von Batteriesätzen |
| PCT/AT2023/060178 WO2023235909A1 (de) | 2022-06-10 | 2023-06-07 | Voralterungsverfahren zum voraltern einer batterie und testverfahren zum testen von batteriesätzen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4523308A1 true EP4523308A1 (de) | 2025-03-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23732341.5A Pending EP4523308A1 (de) | 2022-06-10 | 2023-06-07 | Voralterungsverfahren zum voraltern einer batterie und testverfahren zum testen von batteriesätzen |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250370056A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4523308A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2025518375A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20250023490A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN119301837A (de) |
| AT (1) | AT526220B1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA3256745A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023235909A1 (de) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101528005B1 (ko) * | 2012-09-10 | 2015-06-10 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 전지의 에이징 방법 |
| JP2018048893A (ja) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-03-29 | Ntn株式会社 | 二次電池の劣化判定装置 |
| DE102018203824A1 (de) * | 2018-03-14 | 2019-09-19 | Gs Yuasa International Ltd. | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Energiespeichers, Steuerung für einen elektrischen Energiespeicher und Vorrichtung und/oder Fahrzeug |
| WO2020172449A1 (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-27 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Energy storage system |
| CN114397591B (zh) * | 2021-12-10 | 2024-07-26 | 航天科工防御技术研究试验中心 | 一种锂电池寿命加速试验方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-06-10 AT ATA50408/2022A patent/AT526220B1/de active
-
2023
- 2023-06-07 CN CN202380043245.XA patent/CN119301837A/zh active Pending
- 2023-06-07 JP JP2024572102A patent/JP2025518375A/ja active Pending
- 2023-06-07 WO PCT/AT2023/060178 patent/WO2023235909A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-07 KR KR1020257000800A patent/KR20250023490A/ko active Pending
- 2023-06-07 EP EP23732341.5A patent/EP4523308A1/de active Pending
- 2023-06-07 US US18/873,373 patent/US20250370056A1/en active Pending
- 2023-06-07 CA CA3256745A patent/CA3256745A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20250023490A (ko) | 2025-02-18 |
| CN119301837A (zh) | 2025-01-10 |
| WO2023235909A1 (de) | 2023-12-14 |
| JP2025518375A (ja) | 2025-06-12 |
| AT526220A1 (de) | 2023-12-15 |
| US20250370056A1 (en) | 2025-12-04 |
| CA3256745A1 (en) | 2025-03-18 |
| AT526220B1 (de) | 2024-08-15 |
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