EP4460701A1 - Überwachungsvorrichtung zur überwachung einer batterie eines zumindest teilweise elektrisch betriebenen kraftfahrzeugs sowie verfahren - Google Patents
Überwachungsvorrichtung zur überwachung einer batterie eines zumindest teilweise elektrisch betriebenen kraftfahrzeugs sowie verfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4460701A1 EP4460701A1 EP23720598.4A EP23720598A EP4460701A1 EP 4460701 A1 EP4460701 A1 EP 4460701A1 EP 23720598 A EP23720598 A EP 23720598A EP 4460701 A1 EP4460701 A1 EP 4460701A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tap
- monitoring
- monitoring device
- battery
- busbar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Measuring current only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
Definitions
- Monitoring device for monitoring a battery of an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle and method
- the invention relates to a monitoring device for monitoring a battery of an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention further relates to a method for monitoring a battery.
- Such an attack can also be carried out, for example, on a corresponding current sensor device of a battery, in particular a high-voltage battery.
- a physical attack can be carried out on this HV battery.
- Such an attack on the current sensor can, for example, involve introducing an additional current path around the measuring section or changing the internal measuring circuit. Therefore, for example, the current sensor only measures a part of the current actually impressed or taken. This can result in the battery being operated outside of the permitted operating window, thereby bypassing safety mechanisms that are intended to allow safe operation. Bypassing these mechanisms can, in the worst case scenario, lead to a battery fire and therefore represents a serious risk to life and limb.
- the DE 10 2017 003 111 A1 relates to a measuring resistor for applying an electrical current to be measured with a first connection area and a second connection area.
- a measuring resistor is often designed as a shunt.
- These connection areas can each be connected to a circuit.
- a measuring section is arranged between these two connection areas and is mechanically connected to them.
- a third tapping point for measuring an electrical current is arranged along the measuring section.
- double tapping points can result in six tapping points. With the help of these tapping points, different measurement modes can be implemented in order to check the plausibility of a measurement through a further measurement.
- EP 2 623 996 A1 discloses a current measuring circuit comprising a sensor assembly for measuring an electrical current flowing through a conductor by measuring an input voltage between a first and a second input line of the sensor assembly and a sensor controller for controlling the sensor assembly, the sensor assembly providing a first sensor device Detecting the strength of the electrical current by means of a first analog-digital converter for converting analog measured values into digitized measured values and the current measuring circuit comprises an influencing device for variable connection of a test voltage or a test current to an input of the first analog-digital converter.
- the input of the first analog-digital converter is connected to the first input line of the sensor assembly via a first series impedance.
- the object of the present invention is to create a monitoring device and a method by means of which a reliable current measurement can be realized within the electrical energy storage or the battery.
- One aspect of the invention relates to a monitoring device for monitoring a battery of an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle, with at least one measuring device for measuring an electrical parameter along a busbar of the battery.
- the monitoring device has a plausibility check device that is separate from the measuring device and which impresses an electrical measurement variable into the busbar at at least one tap of the busbar, depending on the impressed electrical measurement variable and an electrical measurement variable dependent on it and received at a further tap Monitoring is carried out on the measured variable on the busbar.
- the plausibility check device is additionally introduced, which can recognize an external circuit, can determine an estimate of the external circuit and can also carry out a new calibration of the current sensor. A change in the internal circuit can be detected using a method that can be implemented with the help of the plausibility check device.
- the battery is, in particular, an electrical energy storage device.
- the electrical energy storage is designed in particular in the form of a high-voltage battery.
- the high-voltage battery can in particular be designed as a traction battery for at least partially electrical operation of the vehicle.
- the current sensor or the measuring device is in turn designed to read out corresponding values from the battery. For this purpose, for example, a current resistance, a current voltage, a current current, current frequencies or the like can be read out.
- the measuring device is a current sensor which is designed to detect different electrical measured variables of the battery. For example, the current state of charge or an aging state of the battery can then be determined based on the electrical parameter that was measured by the measuring device.
- the battery or the high-voltage battery can also have a large number of different battery cells and/or battery modules.
- the monitoring device can then, for example, be designed so that monitoring of an individual battery cell or a battery module or the entire electrical energy storage can be carried out.
- the busbar has at least a first tap and a second tap on the busbar.
- the current or voltage can be impressed into the first tap as the electrical measured variable and the changed electrical measured variable can in turn be tapped at the second tap. This means that a reliable plausibility check can be carried out.
- the busbar has at least a first tap, a second tap and a center tap, which is formed between the first tap and the second tap.
- different measuring methods can be proposed which use both the first tap and/or the second tap and/or the middle tap.
- the first The voltage is impressed on the tap and then received at the center tap and/or at the second tap.
- the voltage can also be impressed at the center tap and the corresponding measured variable can be recorded at the first tap or the second tap. This enables different measurement modes, which allow the battery status to be reliably monitored.
- the at least one tap is additionally designed as a tap for the measuring device.
- the tap can therefore be used both for the measuring device and for the plausibility checking device.
- the measuring device and the plausibility checking device use the same or the same taps. Monitoring and current measurement can thus be provided with reduced effort.
- the monitoring device has a memory device, the memory device being designed to store a target profile for the impressed and received electrical measured variables.
- the target profile can be generated shortly after the battery is generated.
- the corresponding electrical measurement variables that are impressed and received can then be saved as target profiles.
- the actual values can then be received and compared with the target values. This means that the battery can be reliably monitored.
- the plausibility checking device is designed to impress a voltage or a current as an electrical measurement variable and to receive a voltage or a current as an electrical measurement variable.
- a voltage can be impressed and then a voltage can then be received.
- the operating status of the battery can then be determined.
- a current can be impressed and a current can be received. Based on the differences between the impressed current and the received current, conclusions can then be drawn about the battery status.
- the plausibility check device has at least one unique identification feature and/or that the identification feature is in a current path for imprinting and/or receiving the electrical measurement variable is formed.
- the identification feature can enable the current sensor or the plausibility check device to be clearly identified, so that protection against replacement can be realized.
- This identification feature makes it possible to create a kind of fingerprint of the plausibility checker and to check it regularly. Should the identification feature change, this can be read out electronically and a corresponding reaction can be made, for example the ferry operation of the motor vehicle can be stopped or switching on again is prevented.
- the identification feature can, for example, be composed of analog components such as a resistor, a coil or a capacitor, but it is also possible to represent them using more complex components, such as a security ID.
- care must be taken to ensure that the target variables are only slightly changed in the final state. In particular, a small offset should be generated. This makes it easier to calculate this size later.
- the parallel connection of, for example, resistors to a capacitor should be explicitly mentioned as advantageous.
- Several of these elements can also be connected in series, for example in series, to make the fingerprint even more unique.
- the system response of the components can be used as a fingerprint. To do this, short current or voltage pulses can be given to the components and the response can be evaluated. This answer can be used as a clear characteristic by individualizing the parameters of the components. If the system response of the components is saved and the measurement is repeated regularly, a replacement of components or even the entire sensor can be detected. Physical protection of the circuit can be achieved by potting the circuit.
- an evaluation of the impressed electrical measurement variable and the received electrical measurement variable is carried out using a shunt measurement method and/or a Hall sensor measurement method.
- a combined measuring method consisting of a measuring shunt and a Hall sensor can also be used. This is particularly interesting if, for example, high safety requirements have to be met and/or a redundant measurement design has been issued.
- a shunt measuring method is used between the first tap and the center tap, while between the center tap and the second A Hall sensor measuring method is used. Alternatively, this is of course also possible in a different order.
- a further aspect of the invention relates to a battery with a monitoring device according to the previous aspect.
- the battery is designed in particular as a high-voltage battery.
- the invention also relates to a motor vehicle with a battery according to the preceding aspect.
- the motor vehicle is at least partially operated electrically, in particular fully electrically operated.
- the invention also relates to a method for monitoring a battery of an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle by means of a monitoring device according to one of the preceding aspects, wherein a stored target profile of an electrical measurement variable impressed and received into a busbar of the battery by means of a plausibility check device is compared with an actual Profile of the impressed and received electrical measurement variable is compared and monitoring is carried out depending on the comparison.
- a difference value of the electrical measured variable is determined depending on the comparison and the difference value is used to recalibrate a measuring device of the monitoring device.
- the recalibration of the current sensor or the measuring device can then be carried out based on the determination, for example of an external circuit.
- a physical connection can be created, which in turn allows recalibration to be implemented.
- a further aspect of the invention also relates to a computer program product with program code means which cause an electronic computing device to carry out a method according to the previous aspect when the program code means are processed by the electronic computing device.
- the invention also relates to a computer-readable storage medium with the computer program product.
- Advantageous embodiments of the monitoring device are to be viewed as advantageous embodiments of the battery as well as the motor vehicle and the method.
- the monitoring device, the battery and the motor vehicle have, in particular, objective features in order to enable the method and an advantageous embodiment thereof to be carried out.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram according to an embodiment of a monitoring device
- FIG. 2 shows a further schematic block diagram according to an embodiment of a monitoring device
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic flow diagram according to an embodiment of the method.
- the monitoring device 10 is designed to monitor a battery 12, which is shown purely schematically.
- the battery 12 in turn is designed for an at least partially electrically operated motor vehicle, not shown.
- the monitoring device 10 has at least one measuring device 14 for measuring an electrical parameter 16.
- the measuring device 14 is formed along a busbar 18. It is envisaged that the monitoring device 10 has a plausibility check device 20 that is separate from the measuring device 14 and which imprints an electrical measurement variable 22 on at least one first tap 24 of the busbar 18, depending on the impressed electrical measurement variable 22 and a dependent one Another tap 26, 28 received electrical measured variable 22 on the busbar 18 is monitored.
- the busbar 18 has at least the first tap 24, a second tap 28 and a center tap 26, which is formed between the first tap 24 and the second tap 28.
- the electrical measurement variable 22 is impressed into the center tap 26 and is received at the first tap 24.
- the busbar 18 only has the first tap 24 and the second tap 28.
- the plausibility check device 20 is preferably designed to impress a voltage or a current as an electrical measurement variable 22 and to also receive a voltage or a current as an electrical measurement variable 22.
- the plausibility check device 20 or the monitoring device 10 has a memory device 30, the memory device 30 being designed to store a target profile for the impressed and received electrical measurement variable 22.
- the plausibility check device 20 has at least one unique identification feature 32a, 32b, 32c and/or the identification feature 32a, 32b, 32c is formed in a current path 34 for imprinting and/or receiving the electrical measurement variable 22.
- an evaluation of the impressed electrical measurement variable 22 and the received electrical measurement variable 22 is carried out using a shunt method 36 and/or a Hall sensor measurement method 38.
- the at least one tap 24, 26, 28 is additionally designed as a tap for the measuring device 14.
- the measuring device 14 has additional taps 40, 42.
- FIG. 1 shows that in the monitoring device 10, in addition to the measuring device 14, the plausibility checking device 20 is incorporated.
- This plausibility check device 20 can imprint different target variables, in particular voltage or current, via the taps 24, 26, 28.
- the response of the measuring system can be provided by the corresponding measuring device 14. By tapping into the center tap 26, for example, it is possible to observe the spread of the electrical measurement variable 22.
- This mechanism is particularly advantageous if, for example, the voltage taps 40, 42 of the measuring device 14 can be used by the plausibility checking device 20, since no additional contacting, for example on the busbar 18, is required.
- the electrical measured variable 22 propagates in different ways, which is shown, for example, by the arrow 46 in the present exemplary embodiment.
- the unwanted propagation of the electrical measured variable 22 in the path, which is represented by the arrow 46, can be detected by the measuring device 14 and the external circuit 44 can be determined from this variable.
- the plausibility check device 20 can be used in the production of the monitoring device 10, where there is no manipulation yet, to generate reference values.
- This Reference values can also be referred to as target profile.
- the plausibility check device 20 imprints a target size and this reference behavior is saved. If this measurement changes at a later point in time, either an error in the measuring circuit or manipulation can be indicated. Because this reference behavior should not change.
- a recalibration of the measuring device 14 can also be implemented during runtime in order to achieve a high level of measurement accuracy again and thus to avoid safety-critical conditions. Based on the determination of the external circuit 44, a recalibration of the measuring device 14 can then be carried out. Therefore, the properties of the unwanted current path can be estimated through a physical connection.
- the monitoring device 10 can also be used to detect safety-critical changes in the measuring device 14.
- the external circuit 44 can be determined with very high accuracy and compliance with safety parameters and can also continue to be used.
- the measuring device 14 is therefore self-healing compared to external interconnections 44.
- the external interconnection 44 can only be determined to a limited extent and the operating window can be restricted.
- the measuring device 14 is therefore self-healing to a limited extent compared to external interconnections 44.
- the external interconnection 44 cannot be estimated or is, for example, outside the safety margin.
- the measuring device 14 or the battery 12 or the entire motor vehicle can therefore enter a safe state.
- a decompensation of measured variables in particular the measured variable via the measuring sensor or the measuring device 14, of unestimated quality characteristics, in particular the safety margin, can take place.
- the decompensation allows you to continue driving to a limited extent, even while maintaining safety parameters.
- the safe state can still be assumed, for example the ferry service can be stopped, switching on again is prevented, or the like, thereby reducing the risk to life and life is stopped.
- This method also allows a diagnosis of malfunctions of the current sensor measuring method and can therefore also detect failures.
- the target size can be impressed, but the measuring device 14 does not measure it correctly. This increases diagnostic coverage and can have a positive impact on ferry operations.
- the identification features 32a, 32b, 32c can also be inserted, for example, in the impression path or current path 34. These identification features 32a, 32b, 32c make it possible to generate a fingerprint of the plausibility check device 20 and to check it regularly. If the fingerprint changes, this can be detected electronically and reacted accordingly, for example the ferry service can be stopped or a restart can be prevented.
- the fingerprint can be made up of analog components, such as a resistor, a coil or a capacitor, but can also be represented, for example, by more complex components such as a security ID chip.
- the parallel connection of resistors to a capacitor should be explicitly mentioned as advantageous, although several of these elements can also be connected in series in order to make the fingerprint even clearer.
- the system response of the components can be used as a fingerprint. To do this, short current or voltage pulses can be given to the components and the response can be evaluated. This answer can be used as a clear characteristic by digitizing the parameters of the components. If the system response of the components is saved and the measurement is repeated regularly, a replacement of components or even the entire sensor can be detected. Physical protection of the circuit can be achieved by potting the circuit.
- the external circuit 44 can be estimated using the following equation:
- the recalibrated current can be calculated as follows:
- the external circuit 44 can be estimated using the following equation:
- the recalibrated current can be calculated as follows:
- the shunt is divided into two equally sized resistors ( flsfa “ nt ”) for simplicity.
- the methodology also works with a different division or measurement method.
- the division also makes the enormous advantage clear: there is a measuring unit in both the unwanted path and the desired path and makes it particularly easy to determine whether an external connection 44 is present.
- the external circuitry 44 can be estimated by:
- the recalibrated current can be calculated as follows:
- center tap 28 the following normally applies with center tap 28:
- the external circuit 44 can be calculated by:
- the recalibrated current can be calculated as follows:
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram according to a further embodiment of the monitoring device 10.
- FIG. 2 shows that the monitoring device 10 can communicate with a so-called battery management system 46, for example.
- the battery management system 46 can in turn also have the storage device 30 in order to provide corresponding reference variables.
- the storage device 30 can also have corresponding information about the identification features 32a, 32b, 32c.
- the initial calibration in particular a learning process, can be carried out in order to establish a reference with which a comparison can be made later.
- the plausibility check device 20 is activated and the voltage response of the measuring device 14 is measured. This voltage response is used as a reference.
- These variables must be stored in a higher-level control device, for example the battery management system 46.
- the identification features 32a, 32b, 32c and reference variables from the learning process are stored in this.
- the control can take place directly via a communication connection 48 or via proxy via the corresponding measuring device 14.
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic flow diagram according to an embodiment of the method.
- a first step S1 the motor vehicle is started.
- the contactors are opened again.
- the plausibility check device 20 is started.
- the voltage response is measured using the measuring device 14. If this is a so-called learning process, i.e. the initial evaluation, then you can move on to a fifth step S5, whereby the measured voltage response is stored persistently. If it is not a question of the learning process, you can move on to the sixth step S6, whereby the measured voltage is compared with the learned voltage. From the sixth step S6, a transition can be made to a seventh step S7, with an unknown voltage response being measured, for example, in the seventh step S7.
- this can again be viewed as critical or uncritical. If, for example, this is considered critical, you can go to the eighth step S8 and a corresponding error reaction can be carried out. This can, for example, deactivate the plausibility check device 20 in the ninth step S9. In the tenth step S10, the motor vehicle can then be taken out of operation and the corresponding contactors can be opened. If, for example, it is a non-critical state, starting from the seventh step S7 you can move on to an eleventh step S11, in which case the recalibration of the measuring device 14 is carried out. The new voltage response is then stored persistently in a twelfth step S12. The non-critical error reaction then takes place again in a thirteenth step S13.
- a known voltage response can also be determined in the fourteenth step S14.
- a fifteenth step S15 can then be carried out, which deactivates the plausibility check device 20. This can also be done from the twelfth step S12.
- the motor vehicle can then be put into operation and the contactors can be closed accordingly.
- the eighth step S8 can be classified as critical if the identification features 32a, 32b, 32c are different, which indicates a replacement of the plausibility check device 20 or the current sensor or if recalibration is no longer possible. This can happen, for example, when little or no current flows through the measuring device 14. In these cases, an error reaction can occur, for example a non-acknowledgeable warning for the customer, a safety-relevant event being saved in the Motor vehicle and/or in the cloud. The plausibility check device 20 is then deactivated and the motor vehicle may no longer be put into operation. The contactors of battery 12 remain open.
- a deviation can in turn be assessed as uncritical, which in turn corresponds to the eleventh step S11, in which case the identification features 32a, 32b, 32c are also the same.
- a recalibration of the current sensor or the measuring device 14 can be carried out. The deviation is viewed as a quantity caused by manipulation and a calibration process is carried out. Therefore, the current is estimated by the equation described above.
- the voltage response is used and saved as a new comparison variable and used in future comparisons.
- a non-critical error response is carried out. The customer or user is warned via a non-critical error response, for example an acknowledgable warning for the customer, saving a safety-relevant event in the vehicle and/or the cloud, and possible restriction of the service range.
- the measuring device 14 has healed itself.
- the plausibility check device 20 is then deactivated and vehicle operation can begin.
- the contactors of the battery 12 are closed again.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022001529.3A DE102022001529A1 (de) | 2022-05-02 | 2022-05-02 | Überwachungsvorrichtung zur Überwachung einer Batterie eines zumindest teilweise elektrisch betriebenen Kraftfahrzeugs sowie Verfahren |
| PCT/EP2023/060198 WO2023213547A1 (de) | 2022-05-02 | 2023-04-19 | Überwachungsvorrichtung zur überwachung einer batterie eines zumindest teilweise elektrisch betriebenen kraftfahrzeugs sowie verfahren |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4460701A1 true EP4460701A1 (de) | 2024-11-13 |
Family
ID=86282528
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23720598.4A Pending EP4460701A1 (de) | 2022-05-02 | 2023-04-19 | Überwachungsvorrichtung zur überwachung einer batterie eines zumindest teilweise elektrisch betriebenen kraftfahrzeugs sowie verfahren |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4460701A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022001529A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023213547A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20140017631A (ko) | 2011-03-29 | 2014-02-11 | 콘티넨탈 테베스 아게 운트 코. 오하게 | 전기 차량들에 있어서 공급 전압을 측정하는 디바이스 |
| US9234943B2 (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2016-01-12 | Lear Corporation | Method and system for battery current measurement calibration |
| EP2623996B1 (de) | 2012-02-02 | 2014-05-21 | MAGNA STEYR Battery Systems GmbH & Co OG | Strommessschaltung und Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Funktionsfähigkeit einer Strommessschaltung |
| DE102012215946A1 (de) | 2012-09-07 | 2014-05-28 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Schaltung zum Leiten eines elektrischen Stromes |
| DE102013114780A1 (de) | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-25 | Refusol Gmbh | Strommessvorrichtung |
| DE102016202500A1 (de) | 2016-02-18 | 2017-08-24 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Batteriesensor, Verfahren zum Kalibrieren eines Messwiderstands und Verwendung |
| DE102017003111A1 (de) | 2017-03-30 | 2017-10-19 | Daimler Ag | Stromsensor mit Diagnose |
| DE102017211476A1 (de) * | 2017-07-05 | 2019-01-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überprüfen einer Funktionsfähigkeit eines Systemwiderstands eines Batteriesystems |
| DE102020205611A1 (de) * | 2020-05-04 | 2021-11-04 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zum Überwachen der Energieversorgung eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
-
2022
- 2022-05-02 DE DE102022001529.3A patent/DE102022001529A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-04-19 WO PCT/EP2023/060198 patent/WO2023213547A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-04-19 EP EP23720598.4A patent/EP4460701A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023213547A1 (de) | 2023-11-09 |
| DE102022001529A1 (de) | 2023-11-02 |
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