EP4428452A1 - Heatable surface covering - Google Patents

Heatable surface covering Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP4428452A1
EP4428452A1 EP24157260.1A EP24157260A EP4428452A1 EP 4428452 A1 EP4428452 A1 EP 4428452A1 EP 24157260 A EP24157260 A EP 24157260A EP 4428452 A1 EP4428452 A1 EP 4428452A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surface covering
elements
electrical
resistance element
covering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP24157260.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stephan Sell
Ricardo Ehrenpfordt
Constanze Ranfeld
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
New Ventures GmbH
Rehau Industries SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
New Ventures GmbH
Rehau Industries SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by New Ventures GmbH, Rehau Industries SE and Co KG filed Critical New Ventures GmbH
Publication of EP4428452A1 publication Critical patent/EP4428452A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/102—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of fibrous or chipped materials, e.g. bonded with synthetic resins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/105—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • F24D13/022—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating resistances incorporated in construction elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
    • F24D13/022—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating resistances incorporated in construction elements
    • F24D13/024—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating resistances incorporated in construction elements in walls, floors, ceilings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2203/00—Specially structured or shaped covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
    • E04F2203/04—Specially structured or shaped covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for comprising a plurality of internal elongated cavities arranged in substantially parallel rows
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
    • E04F2290/02—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for accommodating service installations or utility lines, e.g. heating conduits, electrical lines, lighting devices or service outlets
    • E04F2290/023—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for accommodating service installations or utility lines, e.g. heating conduits, electrical lines, lighting devices or service outlets for heating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
    • E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
    • E04F2290/041—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise
    • E04F2290/043—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise with a bottom layer for sound insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/12—Tube and panel arrangements for ceiling, wall, or underfloor heating
    • F24D3/122—Details
    • F24D3/127—Mechanical connections between panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heatable surface covering, in particular a floor covering, with several surface covering elements joined together to form the surface covering.
  • Hydraulic underfloor heating systems are known in the state of the art, in which, for example, flexible pipe coils are laid in the floor, through which heated liquid flows during heating operation. After they have been laid, the pipe coils are usually cast into the screed of the floor. The floor covering, e.g. in the form of tiles or parquet, is then applied to this underfloor heating. Electric heating mats or heating foils that are laid under the floor covering are also known. In order to prevent the heating mats/foils from slipping, they are usually glued to the corresponding substrate.
  • the disadvantage of the designs described above is that the entire floor covering arranged above the heating devices must first be heated before the heat can be usefully transferred to the room to be heated.
  • the heating system sluggish and the floor covering also represents a thermal resistance, which leads to energy losses.
  • the described installation of pipe coils is very complex and should be carried out when the building in question is being constructed, as retrofitting is extremely expensive.
  • the installation of the electrical heating mats/foils described above under the floor covering also represents an additional work step and is also limited in terms of its flexibility, as the heating mats/foils are sold as prefabricated goods, usually as rolls or sheets, with a defined width and usually also length.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a heatable surface covering that can be laid easily and quickly and, moreover, enables efficient heating.
  • the surface covering elements are at least partially designed with at least one electrical resistance element and are thereby electrically heatable, and in that the surface covering elements at least are partially equipped with at least one, preferably with at least two electrical contact elements, which enable electrical connection of the resistance element to at least one resistance element of an adjacent surface covering element and thereby the construction of at least one electrical heating circuit formed by the surface covering.
  • the heatability of the surface covering is provided by integrating electrical heating elements into the surface covering itself. This makes it possible in particular to deliver the electrical heating energy very close to the surface of the surface covering. This enables the surface covering to be heated noticeably very quickly when the heating is switched on.
  • the associated low thermal resistance up to the surface also ensures low heat losses into the subsurface.
  • the teaching according to the invention is also characterized by a low overall height of the overall construction and an "all-in-one" installation, i.e. the insulation layer (possibly including impact sound insulation), heating layer, base layer and decorative layer can be installed as a complete, prefabricated unit.
  • the surface covering elements are preferably connected to one another by click connection elements, in particular in the form of tongue and groove elements.
  • the at least one electrical contact element can advantageously be provided in the area of the click connection elements.
  • the grooves can be created, for example, by means of a milling process.
  • At least one contact element can expediently be arranged on an elastic spring element, which is compressed and thus pre-tensioned when the surface covering elements are joined together. This ensures a secure electrical contact between the individual contact elements when the surface covering elements are assembled to form the surface covering.
  • the electrical contact element is expediently arranged on the surface of a spring element and/or within a groove element.
  • the click connection technology described above is very common in practice, particularly when laying floors, and is used, for example, in the EN 20 2019 101 807 U1 and the DE 201 22 778 U1 described.
  • a locking mechanism takes place in the tongue and groove area, which is noticeable by an audible click and thus indicates to the person laying the surface covering that two panels are correctly connected.
  • the tongue and groove connection is made with the so-called UNILINO click in accordance with the connection concept of the company Unilin ® .
  • the electrically conductive resistance element can be designed as a fabric, knitted fabric or braid, as a wire or as a paste.
  • Metals, graphite, carbon nanotubes, etc. can be used as electrically conductive materials for the resistance element; furthermore, the material of the resistance element can also contain electrically conductive particles, such as soot, to produce electrical conductivity.
  • the resistance element can be applied as a print or as a coating, particularly when designed as an electrically conductive paste.
  • the resistance element is covered by a decorative layer of the surface covering element, for example in the form of laminate or real wood parquet.
  • the covering layer can, for example, consist of continuous pressure laminate (CPL) or high pressure laminate (HPL) and/or contain or consist of vinyl.
  • the decorative layer can also be in the form of printed paper impregnated with melamine. In principle, the decorative layer can be laminated on.
  • the decoration can be applied as a print to the decorative layer and, for example, provided with a final protective layer, which in turn can be laminated onto the decorative layer.
  • An intermediate layer can be provided between the decorative layer and the resistance element, for example in the form of kraft paper impregnated with melamine, e.g. with a basis weight of the unimpregnated kraft paper of 100 to 120 g/m 2 .
  • the surface covering elements can each have a cut-to-length polymer extrusion profile as a base element and the resistance element can preferably be connected to the base element by extrusion or in-extrusion.
  • PP or another polyolefin, possibly talcum-based, can be used as the polymer material.
  • MDF medium-density wood fiber, in particular with a density of 600 to 800 kg/m 3
  • HDF high-density wood fiber, in particular with a density of over 800 kg/m 3 ).
  • the design of the base element as a hollow chamber profile is also within the scope of the invention.
  • the surface covering elements can also have a support layer below the base element, with which, for example, the surface covering element rests on the corresponding substrate.
  • This support layer is expediently designed to be elastic and can thus function as impact sound insulation and/or as a leveling layer, for example on uneven substrates.
  • the support layer can also serve as thermal insulation against the substrate.
  • the surface covering element has a counter-tension layer, which accordingly prevents distortion of the This avoids the risk of surface covering elements becoming too thin, which can be caused by a relatively thick decorative layer, for example.
  • This counter-layer can be arranged between the base element and the support layer, for example, or can also be formed by the support layer itself. The counter-layer can be dispensed with, particularly with a thin decorative layer.
  • the electrical heating output of the surface covering can be controlled or regulated, for example, by means of temperature and/or humidity sensors, whereby an integration of the aforementioned sensors into the surface covering elements is also within the scope of the invention.
  • sensors in particular temperature sensors and/or pressure sensors and/or force sensors and/or humidity sensors and/or capacitive sensors, are preferably connected to the surface covering elements.
  • capacitive sensors for example, the presence of people in the corresponding room can be detected and the heating output adjusted accordingly.
  • the humidity sensors can also be used in particular as part of early warning detection of water damage, for example burst water pipes.
  • At least one electrical control and/or regulating device in particular for controlling and/or regulating the heating output from the surface covering, is at least partially connected to the surface covering elements.
  • At least one surface covering element expediently has a connection element for the electrical connection of the surface covering to a socket.
  • the surface covering elements can be designed in the form of panels and have a length of, for example, 50 to 200 cm, in particular 70 to 150 cm and/or a width of 50 to 250 mm, in particular 100 to 200 mm.
  • the total thickness of the surface covering elements can be 8 to 20 mm, e.g. 10 to 15 mm.
  • the aforementioned dimensioning information does not of course exclude other geometries of the surface covering elements.
  • the control and/or regulating device is expediently integrated into the respective surface covering element.
  • the at least one electrical contact element of the respective surface covering element can form a component of the control and/or regulating device.
  • the control and/or regulation device is expediently arranged on the underside of the respective surface covering element. This allows easy access to the device without affecting the appearance of the surface covering element.
  • the surface covering elements joined together to form the surface covering form a plurality of electrical heating circuits that can be controlled and/or regulated independently of one another.
  • the surface area of the respective heating circuits is expediently limited at least partially by the surface covering elements.
  • a method for electrically heating a surface covering is also the subject of the invention, wherein in this method the heating circuits are supplied with different levels of current so that the surface covering has several zones with different levels of heating.
  • the control or regulation described above can be carried out, for example, using an app; if necessary, the control/regulation can be integrated into a smart home system.
  • the teaching according to the invention allows the heating circuits to be controlled or regulated depending on the current requirements.
  • the surface covering elements can also be dismantled and re-laid in order to allow the heating properties of the surface covering to be adapted as best as possible to the new living situation (e.g. by setting up new heating circuits, which create new zones with particularly intensive and/or low heating).
  • the surface covering according to the invention can be used in particular as a floor covering for interior spaces (including basements, e.g. for the purpose of dehumidifying them, or garages or underground car parks), although applications in the exterior of buildings, such as on terraces, balconies, walkways, entrance areas, etc., are also within the scope of the invention.
  • Other applications such as, for example, as wall and/or ceiling cladding, as flooring for cold and/or raised beds or as flooring for animal enclosures, on benches, on truck roofs or as flooring in, for example, electrically powered vehicles, e.g. buses, are not excluded by this.
  • the invention relates to a heatable surface covering 1, which in the embodiment is designed as a floor covering for an interior space, for example a living room.
  • the floor covering 1 has several surface covering elements 2, 2' joined together to form the surface covering 1 (see. Fig. 3, 4 ).
  • the Fig. 1a,b and 2a , b The surface covering elements 2 shown in cross-section are each designed with an electrical resistance element 3 and are thereby electrically heatable.
  • the adjacent surface covering elements 2 shown in detail in Fig. 1a,b or in Fig. 2a , b are identically designed and thus each equipped with at least two electrical contact elements 4.
  • the electrical contact elements 4 each enable an electrical connection of the resistance element 3 of a surface covering element 2 with the resistance element 3 of the adjacent surface covering element 2 via an electrical connecting line 50 and thereby the construction of at least one heating circuit 100, 100' formed by the surface covering 1.
  • a heating circuit 100, 100' is shown in the plan views of the Fig. 3 and 4 shown.
  • electrical heating elements 3 are integrated into the surface covering 1 itself. This makes it possible to emit electrical heating energy very close to the surface of the surface covering 1.
  • the surface covering elements 2 are connected to one another by click connection elements in the form of tongue and groove elements 6, 5.
  • the geometry of the tongue and groove elements is incorporated directly into the geometry of the surface covering elements 2, so that no additional components are required to connect two elements 2.
  • a surface covering element 2 with its tongue element 5 is inserted diagonally from above into the groove element 6 of the adjacent surface covering element 2 ( Fig. 1a ) with which a connection is to be made. Then the left surface covering element 2 is pressed downwards until the groove element engages with the spring element ( Fig. 1b ) and produces a clicking sound.
  • the electrical contact elements 4 are provided in the area of the click connection elements 5, 6.
  • the recess of the groove element 6 can be created by means of a milling process.
  • a contact element 4 is arranged on an elastic spring element 7, which is compressed and thus pre-tensioned when the surface covering elements 2 are joined together.
  • the elastic spring element 7 can be designed as a separate component, but alternatively it can also be incorporated into the geometry of the surface covering elements 2. This ensures a secure electrical contact between the individual contact elements 4 when the surface covering elements 2 are mounted to the surface covering 1.
  • the electrical contact elements 4 are only arranged in the vicinity of the click connection elements 5, 6, in the embodiment according to Fig.2 an electrical contact element 4 on the surface of the corresponding spring element 5 and an electrical contact element 4 within the corresponding groove element 6.
  • the electrically conductive resistance elements 3 can be designed as a fabric, knitted fabric or braid, as a wire or as a paste. Metals, graphite, carbon nanotubes, etc. can be used as electrically conductive materials for the resistance elements 3; furthermore, the material of the resistance elements 3 can also contain electrically conductive particles, for example soot, to produce the electrical conductivity (not shown).
  • the resistance elements 3 can also be applied as a print or as a coating, particularly when designed as an electrically conductive paste.
  • the resistance elements 3 are covered by a decorative layer 8 of the surface covering element 2, for example in the form of a laminate (CPL or HPL) or real wood parquet.
  • the decoration can be applied as a print to the decorative layer 8 and is provided on the top with a final protective layer 9.
  • An intermediate layer (not shown in detail) can be provided between the decorative layer 8 and the resistance element 3, for example in the form of kraft paper impregnated with melamine, e.g. with a basis weight of the unimpregnated kraft paper of 100 to 120 g/m 2 .
  • the surface covering elements 2 each have a cut-to-length polymer extrusion profile as a base element 10, with the corresponding resistance element 3 being connected to the base element 10 by extrusion or in-extrusion.
  • PP or another polyolefin, possibly talc-based, can be used as the polymer material for the base element 10.
  • the surface covering elements 2 also have a support layer 11 below the base element 10, with which the surface covering element 2 rests on the corresponding substrate U.
  • This support layer 11 is expediently designed to be elastic and can thus function as impact sound insulation and/or as a leveling layer, for example in the case of an uneven substrate U.
  • the support layer 11 can also serve to provide thermal insulation against the substrate U.
  • the surface covering elements 2 each have a counter-tension layer 12, which prevents mechanical distortion of the surface covering element 2, e.g. due to heat, moisture, etc.
  • the at least one resistance element 3 is arranged below the base element 10, for example between the base element 10 and the counter-pull layer 12 or between the counter-pull layer 12 and the support layer 11, whereby a particularly good protection of the resistance element 3 against a very high mechanical load at certain points or also a certain protection against moisture from above (e.g. due to cleaning processes) is ensured.
  • the resistance element 3 according to Fig. 2b is arranged within the base layer 10.
  • the resistance element 3 itself can be flat and can generally be designed in particular as a heating layer or embedded in a heating layer.
  • the electrical heating power of the floor covering 1 can be controlled or regulated, for example, by means of temperature and/or humidity sensors, whereby the aforementioned sensors can also be integrated into the surface covering elements 2 (not shown in detail).
  • the humidity sensors can also be used in particular as part of an early warning of water damage, for example burst water pipes.
  • the floor covering 1 also has a control device (not shown in detail) for controlling the heating power emitted by the floor covering 1.
  • the surface covering elements 2 can be designed in the form of panels (see. Fig.4 ) and a length L of 100 to 150 cm and a width B of 10 to 20 cm.
  • a tile-shaped form of the surface covering elements 2 according to Fig.3 for example with a length L of 60 to 80 cm and a width B of 30 to 40 cm is possible.
  • the total thickness S of the surface covering elements 2 can be 10 to 15 mm, for example.
  • Fig.3 shows a floor covering 1 according to the invention in a top view. It can be seen that many surface covering elements 2 are identical to each other. While in Fig.3 the floor covering 1 has a single heating circuit 100, in the embodiment according to Fig.4 the surface covering elements 2 joined together to form the floor covering 1 have two independently controllable and/or adjustable electrical heating circuits 100, 100'.
  • the two heating circuits 100, 100' can provide different heat outputs by applying different levels of current and thus heat the corresponding zones of the floor covering 1 to different surface temperatures.
  • the heating circuits 100, 100' can be controlled or regulated using an app, for example, and the control or regulation can be integrated into a smart home system if necessary.
  • Each surface covering element 2' has a connection element 20 for the electrical connection of the floor covering 1 to a standard household socket, wherein a control and/or regulation unit can be integrated into the connection element 20.
  • Fig. 5a, b show a preferred embodiment of a floor covering 1 according to the invention. It can be seen that an electrical control and/or regulating device 20' is connected to the surface covering elements 2", while the surface covering elements 2 can be designed without such a device.
  • the surface covering elements 2, 2" are each equipped with electrical bus lines 300 (shown in dashed lines), which enable data communication between the individual surface covering elements 2, 2".
  • a single heating circuit 100, 100' is delimited by the surface covering elements 2' provided with a control and/or regulating device 20'.
  • the control and/or regulating device 20' is integrated into the respective surface covering element 2".
  • Fig. 5c shows a further embodiment of a floor covering 1 according to the invention, in which the electrical contact units 400, 400' between the individual surface covering elements 2, 2" are shown in more detail. It can be seen that the contact units 400' are each equipped with a control and/or regulating device 20', while the contact units 400 are equipped without such a device 20' and are used solely for electrical contacting of the electrical
  • Fig.6 shows a cross-sectional view of the Fig. 5c shown floor covering 1 in the area of a contacting unit 400 ⁇ with control and/or regulating device 20 ⁇ . It can be seen that the electrical contact element 4 of the surface covering element 2" forms a component of the control and/or regulating device 20' and this device 20' is integrated into the underside area of the element 2".
  • the electrical resistance element 3 of the element 2" is located here directly below the base element 10 and is electrically connected to the device 20'.
  • the contact element 4 of the element 2" is electrically contacted by the assembly of the two elements 2, 2" with the contact element 4 of the element 2, whereby in the exemplary embodiment this contacting takes place directly in the contact area 600 of the tongue and groove connection between the two elements 2, 2".
  • the contact element 4 of the element 2 is electrically connected to the resistance element 3 of the element 2 via an electrical line 500.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft einen beheizbaren Flächenbelag (1), insbesondere Bodenbelag, mit mehreren, zum Flächenbelag (1) zusammenfügten Flächenbelagselementen (2, 2'), wobei die Flächenbelagselemente (2, 2') zumindest teilweise mit mindestens einem elektrischen Widerstandselement (3) und hierdurch elektrisch beheizbar ausgebildet sind. Die Flächenbelagselemente (2,2') sind zumindest teilweise mit mindestens einem elektrischen Kontaktelement (4) ausgestattet, das eine elektrische Verschaltung des Widerstandselementes (3) mit mindestens einem Widerstandselement (3) eines benachbarten Flächenbelagselements (2, 2') und hierdurch den Aufbau mindestens eines vom Flächenbelag (1) gebildeten elektrischen Heizkreises (100, 100') ermöglicht.

Figure imgaf001
Figure imgaf002
The invention relates to a heatable surface covering (1), in particular a floor covering, with a plurality of surface covering elements (2, 2') joined together to form the surface covering (1), wherein the surface covering elements (2, 2') are at least partially designed with at least one electrical resistance element (3) and are thus electrically heatable. The surface covering elements (2, 2') are at least partially equipped with at least one electrical contact element (4) which enables the resistance element (3) to be electrically connected to at least one resistance element (3) of an adjacent surface covering element (2, 2') and thus enables the construction of at least one electrical heating circuit (100, 100') formed by the surface covering (1).
Figure imgaf001
Figure imgaf002

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen beheizbaren Flächenbelag, insbesondere Bodenbelag, mit mehreren, zum Flächenbelag zusammengefügten Flächenbelagselementen.The invention relates to a heatable surface covering, in particular a floor covering, with several surface covering elements joined together to form the surface covering.

Im Stand der Technik sind hydraulische Fußbodenheizungen bekannt, bei denen z.B. die Verlegung flexibler Rohrschlangen im Fußboden erfolgt, die während des Heizbetriebs mit erwärmter Flüssigkeit durchströmt werden. Die Rohrschlangen werden nach ihrer Verlegung in der Regel in den Estrich des Fußbodens eingegossen. Auf diese Fußbodenheizung wird sodann der Bodenbelag, z.B. in Form von Fliesen oder auch Parkett, aufgebracht. Bekannt sind ferner elektrische Heizmatten bzw. Heizfolien, die unter dem Bodenbelag verlegt werden. Um die Heizmatten/-folien gegen ein Verrutschen zu sichern, werden diese in der Regel auf den entsprechenden Untergrund aufgeklebt. Nachteilig ist bei den vorstehend beschriebenen Konstruktionen, dass zunächst der gesamte über den Heizvorrichtungen angeordnete Bodenbelag erwärmt werden muss, bevor die Wärme nutzbringend an den zu beheizenden Raum abgegeben werden kann. Hierdurch wird das Heizsystem träge und der Bodenbelag stellt außerdem einen Wärmewiderstand dar, welcher zu Energieverlusten führt. Weiterhin ist die beschriebene Verlegung von Rohrschlangen sehr aufwändig und sollte bereits beim Bau des entsprechenden Gebäudes erfolgen, da eine Nachrüstung äußerst kostspielig ist. Die Verlegung der vorbeschriebenen elektrischen Heizmatten/-folien unter dem Bodenbelag stellt ebenfalls einen zusätzlichen Arbeitsschritt dar und ist auch hinsichtlich ihrer Flexibilität begrenzt, da die Heizmatten/-folien als vorgefertigte Ware, zumeist als Rollen oder Sheets, mit definierter Breite und zumeist auch Länge vertrieben werden.Hydraulic underfloor heating systems are known in the state of the art, in which, for example, flexible pipe coils are laid in the floor, through which heated liquid flows during heating operation. After they have been laid, the pipe coils are usually cast into the screed of the floor. The floor covering, e.g. in the form of tiles or parquet, is then applied to this underfloor heating. Electric heating mats or heating foils that are laid under the floor covering are also known. In order to prevent the heating mats/foils from slipping, they are usually glued to the corresponding substrate. The disadvantage of the designs described above is that the entire floor covering arranged above the heating devices must first be heated before the heat can be usefully transferred to the room to be heated. This makes the heating system sluggish and the floor covering also represents a thermal resistance, which leads to energy losses. Furthermore, the described installation of pipe coils is very complex and should be carried out when the building in question is being constructed, as retrofitting is extremely expensive. The installation of the electrical heating mats/foils described above under the floor covering also represents an additional work step and is also limited in terms of its flexibility, as the heating mats/foils are sold as prefabricated goods, usually as rolls or sheets, with a defined width and usually also length.

Vor dem beschriebenen Hintergrund liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen beheizbaren Flächenbelag anzugeben, der sich einfach und schnell verlegen lässt und darüber hinaus eine effiziente Beheizung ermöglicht.Against the background described, the object of the invention is to provide a heatable surface covering that can be laid easily and quickly and, moreover, enables efficient heating.

Ausgehend von einem Flächenbelag mit den eingangs beschriebenen Merkmalen wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Flächenbelagselemente zumindest teilweise mit mindestens einem elektrischen Widerstandselement und hierdurch elektrisch beheizbar ausgebildet sind, und dass die Flächenbelagselemente zumindest teilweise mit mindestens einem, vorzugsweise mit mindestens zwei elektrischen Kontaktelement/en ausgestattet sind, das eine elektrische Verschaltung des Widerstandselementes mit mindestens einem Widerstandselement eines benachbarten Flächenbelagselements und hierdurch den Aufbau mindestens eines vom Flächenbelag gebildeten elektrischen Heizkreises ermöglicht. Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt die Bereitstellung der Beheizbarkeit des Flächenbelags durch eine Integration von elektrischen Heizelementen in den Flächenbelag selbst. Dies ermöglicht es insbesondere, die Abgabe der elektrischen Heizenergie sehr nahe an der Oberfläche des Flächenbelags vorzunehmen. Dadurch wird bei einem Einschalten der Heizung sehr schnell eine spürbare Erwärmung des Flächenbelags an dessen Oberfläche ermöglicht. Der damit einhergehende geringe Wärmewiderstand bis zur Oberfläche gewährleistet darüber hinaus geringe Wärmeverluste in den Untergrund hinein. Die erfindungsgemäße Lehre zeichnet sich weiterhin durch eine geringe Bauhöhe der Gesamtkonstruktion sowie einer Verlegung "All-in-One" aus, d.h. Isolationsschicht (ggf. incl. Trittschalldämmung), Heizschicht, Basisschicht und Dekorschicht können als komplette, vorgefertigte Einheit verlegt werden.Starting from a surface covering with the features described above, this object is achieved according to the invention in that the surface covering elements are at least partially designed with at least one electrical resistance element and are thereby electrically heatable, and in that the surface covering elements at least are partially equipped with at least one, preferably with at least two electrical contact elements, which enable electrical connection of the resistance element to at least one resistance element of an adjacent surface covering element and thereby the construction of at least one electrical heating circuit formed by the surface covering. According to the invention, the heatability of the surface covering is provided by integrating electrical heating elements into the surface covering itself. This makes it possible in particular to deliver the electrical heating energy very close to the surface of the surface covering. This enables the surface covering to be heated noticeably very quickly when the heating is switched on. The associated low thermal resistance up to the surface also ensures low heat losses into the subsurface. The teaching according to the invention is also characterized by a low overall height of the overall construction and an "all-in-one" installation, i.e. the insulation layer (possibly including impact sound insulation), heating layer, base layer and decorative layer can be installed as a complete, prefabricated unit.

Vorzugsweise sind die Flächenbelagselemente durch Klickverbindungs-Elemente, insbesondere in Form von Nut- und Federelementen, miteinander verbunden. Hierbei kann in vorteilhafter Weise das mindestens eine elektrische Kontaktelement im Bereich der Klickverbindungs-Elemente vorgesehen sein. Die Nuten können beispielsweise mittels eines Fräsverfahrens erzeugt werden. Zweckmäßigerweise kann mindestens ein Kontaktelement an einem elastischen Federelement angeordnet sein, das beim Zusammenfügen der Flächenbelagselemente zusammengedrückt und damit vorgespannt wird. Dies gewährleistet einen sicheren elektrischen Kontakt zwischen den einzelnen Kontaktelementen im zum Flächenbelag montierten Zustand der Flächenbelagselemente. Zweckmäßigerweise ist das elektrische Kontaktelement an der Oberfläche eines Federelementes und/oder innerhalb eines Nutelementes angeordnet. Die vorbeschriebene Klick-Verbindungstechnik ist insbesondere bei der Verlegung von Fußböden in der Praxis sehr verbreitet und beispielsweise in der DE 20 2019 101 807 U1 sowie der DE 201 22 778 U1 beschrieben. Bei der Verbindung der einzelnen, paneelförmigen Flächenbelagselemente findet im Nut-Feder-Bereich eine Verrastung statt, die sich durch ein hörbares Klicken bemerkbar macht und somit der den Flächenbelag verlegenden Person die korrekte Verbindung zweier Paneele anzeigt. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt es auch, dass die Nut-Feder-Verbindung mit dem sogenannten UNILINO-Klick gemäß dem Verbindungskonzept der Firma Unilin® hergestellt wird.The surface covering elements are preferably connected to one another by click connection elements, in particular in the form of tongue and groove elements. In this case, the at least one electrical contact element can advantageously be provided in the area of the click connection elements. The grooves can be created, for example, by means of a milling process. At least one contact element can expediently be arranged on an elastic spring element, which is compressed and thus pre-tensioned when the surface covering elements are joined together. This ensures a secure electrical contact between the individual contact elements when the surface covering elements are assembled to form the surface covering. The electrical contact element is expediently arranged on the surface of a spring element and/or within a groove element. The click connection technology described above is very common in practice, particularly when laying floors, and is used, for example, in the EN 20 2019 101 807 U1 and the DE 201 22 778 U1 described. When connecting the individual panel-shaped surface covering elements, a locking mechanism takes place in the tongue and groove area, which is noticeable by an audible click and thus indicates to the person laying the surface covering that two panels are correctly connected. It is also within the scope of the invention that the tongue and groove connection is made with the so-called UNILINO click in accordance with the connection concept of the company Unilin ® .

Das elektrisch leitfähige Widerstandselement kann als Gewebe, Gestrick oder Geflecht, als Draht oder als Paste ausgebildet sein. Als elektrisch leitfähige Materialen für das Widerstandselement können Metalle, Graphit, carbon nanotubes etc. zum Einsatz kommen; ferner kann das Material des Widerstandselementes zur Herstellung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit auch elektrisch leitfähige Partikel, beispielsweise Ruß, enthalten. Das Widerstandselement kann insbesondere bei einer Ausbildung als elektrisch leitfähige Paste als Druck oder als Beschichtung aufgetragen sein.The electrically conductive resistance element can be designed as a fabric, knitted fabric or braid, as a wire or as a paste. Metals, graphite, carbon nanotubes, etc. can be used as electrically conductive materials for the resistance element; furthermore, the material of the resistance element can also contain electrically conductive particles, such as soot, to produce electrical conductivity. The resistance element can be applied as a print or as a coating, particularly when designed as an electrically conductive paste.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt es, dass das Widerstandselement durch eine, beispielsweise als Laminat oder Echtholzparkett ausgebildete, Dekorschicht des Flächenbelagselementes abgedeckt wird. Die Deckschicht kann beispielsweise aus Continuous Pressure Laminate (CPL) oder aus High Pressure Laminate (HPL) bestehen und/oder Vinyl enthalten bzw. daraus bestehen. Die Dekorschicht kann auch als mit Melamin getränktes, bedrucktes Papier ausgebildet sein. Grundsätzlich kann die Dekorschicht auflaminiert sein. Das Dekor kann als Druck auf die Dekorschicht aufgebracht und z.B. mit einer abschließenden Schutzschicht versehen sein, die wiederum auf die Dekorschicht auflaminiert sein kann. Zwischen Dekorschicht und Widerstandselement kann eine Zwischenschicht vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise in Form eines mit Melamin getränkten Kraftpapiers, z.B. mit einem Flächengewicht des ungetränkten Kraftpapiers von 100 bis 120 g/m2.It is within the scope of the invention that the resistance element is covered by a decorative layer of the surface covering element, for example in the form of laminate or real wood parquet. The covering layer can, for example, consist of continuous pressure laminate (CPL) or high pressure laminate (HPL) and/or contain or consist of vinyl. The decorative layer can also be in the form of printed paper impregnated with melamine. In principle, the decorative layer can be laminated on. The decoration can be applied as a print to the decorative layer and, for example, provided with a final protective layer, which in turn can be laminated onto the decorative layer. An intermediate layer can be provided between the decorative layer and the resistance element, for example in the form of kraft paper impregnated with melamine, e.g. with a basis weight of the unimpregnated kraft paper of 100 to 120 g/m 2 .

Die Flächenbelagselemente können jeweils als Basiselement ein abgelängtes polymeres Extrusionsprofil aufweisen und das Widerstandselement vorzugsweise per Auf- oder Einextrusion mit dem Basiselement verbunden sein. Als polymeres Material kann beispielsweise PP oder auch ein anderes Polyolefin zum Einsatz kommen, ggf. talkum basiert. Alternativ kann das Basiselement als MDF-Platte (MDF = mitteldichte Holzfaser, insbesondere mit einer Dichte von 600 bis 800 kg/m3) oder als HDF-Platte (HDF = hochdichte Holzfaser, insbesondere mit einer Dichte über 800 kg/m3) ausgebildet sein. Ebenso liegt die Ausbildung des Basiselementes als Hohlkammerprofil im Rahmen der Erfindung. Die Flächenbelagselemente können ferner unterhalb des Basiselementes eine Auflageschicht aufweisen, mit der beispielsweise das Flächenbelagselement auf dem entsprechenden Untergrund aufliegt. Diese Auflageschicht ist zweckmäßigerweise elastisch ausgebildet und kann so als Trittschalldämmung und/oder auch als Ausgleichsschicht, beispielsweise bei unebenem Untergrund, fungieren. Die Auflageschicht kann ferner zur Wärmedämmung gegenüber dem Untergrund dienen. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt es auch, dass das Flächenbelagselement eine Gegenzug-Schicht aufweist, die entsprechend einen Verzug des Flächenbelagselementes vermeidet, welcher beispielsweise durch eine vergleichsweise dicke Dekorschicht entstehen kann. Diese Gegenzug-Schicht kann beispielsweise zwischen dem Basiselement und der Auflageschicht angeordnet sein, oder aber auch von der Auflageschicht selbst gebildet werden. Insbesondere bei einer dünnen Dekorschicht kann die Gegenzug-Schicht entbehrlich sein.The surface covering elements can each have a cut-to-length polymer extrusion profile as a base element and the resistance element can preferably be connected to the base element by extrusion or in-extrusion. PP or another polyolefin, possibly talcum-based, can be used as the polymer material. Alternatively, the base element can be designed as an MDF board (MDF = medium-density wood fiber, in particular with a density of 600 to 800 kg/m 3 ) or as an HDF board (HDF = high-density wood fiber, in particular with a density of over 800 kg/m 3 ). The design of the base element as a hollow chamber profile is also within the scope of the invention. The surface covering elements can also have a support layer below the base element, with which, for example, the surface covering element rests on the corresponding substrate. This support layer is expediently designed to be elastic and can thus function as impact sound insulation and/or as a leveling layer, for example on uneven substrates. The support layer can also serve as thermal insulation against the substrate. It is also within the scope of the invention that the surface covering element has a counter-tension layer, which accordingly prevents distortion of the This avoids the risk of surface covering elements becoming too thin, which can be caused by a relatively thick decorative layer, for example. This counter-layer can be arranged between the base element and the support layer, for example, or can also be formed by the support layer itself. The counter-layer can be dispensed with, particularly with a thin decorative layer.

Die elektrische Heizleistung des Flächenbelags kann z.B. mittels Temperatur- und/oder Feuchtigkeitssensoren gesteuert bzw. geregelt werden, wobei eine Integration vorgenannter Sensoren in die Flächenbelagselemente ebenfalls im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt. Entsprechend sind also vorzugsweise an die Flächenbelagselemente Sensoren, insbesondere Temperatursensoren und/oder Drucksensoren und/oder Kraftsensoren und/oder Feuchtigkeitssensoren und/oder kapazitive Sensoren, angeschlossen. Mithilfe kapazitiver Sensoren kann beispielsweise die Anwesenheit von Personen in der entsprechenden Räumlichkeit detektiert und die Heizleistung daran angepasst werden. Die Feuchtigkeitssensoren können insbesondere auch im Rahmen einer Frühwarnerkennung von Wasserschäden, beispielsweise Wasserrohrbrüchen, zum Einsatz kommen. Grundsätzlich liegt es im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass an die Flächenbelagselemente zumindest teilweise mindestens eine elektrische Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung, insbesondere zur Steuerung und/oder Regelung der vom Flächenbelag abgegebenen Heizleistung, angeschlossen ist. Zweckmäßigerweise weist mindestens ein Flächenbelagselement ein Anschlusselement für den elektrischen Anschluss des Flächenbelags an eine Steckdose auf. Die Flächenbelagselemente können paneelförmig ausgebildet sein und eine Länge von z.B. 50 bis 200 cm, insbesondere 70 bis 150 cm und/oder eine Breite von 50 bis 250 mm, insbesondere 100 bis 200 mm, aufweisen. Auch eine fliesenförmige, insbesondere quadratische, Gestalt, beispielsweise mit einer Länge und/oder Breite von 20 bis 100 cm, z.B. 30 bis 70 cm, liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung. Die Gesamtdicke der Flächenbelagselemente kann 8 bis 20 mm, z.B. 10 bis 15 mm, betragen. Durch die vorgenannten Bemaßungsangaben werden andere Geometrien der Flächenbelagselemente selbstverständlich nicht ausgeschlossen. Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung in das jeweilige Flächenbelagselement integriert. Hierbei kann insbesondere das mindestens eine elektrische Kontaktelement des jeweiligen Flächenbelagselementes einen Bestandteil der Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung bilden. Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung unterseitig am jeweiligen Flächenbelagselement angeordnet. Dies ermöglicht eine leichte Zugänglichkeit der Einrichtung, ohne dass hierdurch die Optik des Flächenbelagselementes beeinträchtigt wird.The electrical heating output of the surface covering can be controlled or regulated, for example, by means of temperature and/or humidity sensors, whereby an integration of the aforementioned sensors into the surface covering elements is also within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, sensors, in particular temperature sensors and/or pressure sensors and/or force sensors and/or humidity sensors and/or capacitive sensors, are preferably connected to the surface covering elements. With the help of capacitive sensors, for example, the presence of people in the corresponding room can be detected and the heating output adjusted accordingly. The humidity sensors can also be used in particular as part of early warning detection of water damage, for example burst water pipes. In principle, it is within the scope of the invention that at least one electrical control and/or regulating device, in particular for controlling and/or regulating the heating output from the surface covering, is at least partially connected to the surface covering elements. At least one surface covering element expediently has a connection element for the electrical connection of the surface covering to a socket. The surface covering elements can be designed in the form of panels and have a length of, for example, 50 to 200 cm, in particular 70 to 150 cm and/or a width of 50 to 250 mm, in particular 100 to 200 mm. A tile-shaped, in particular square, shape, for example with a length and/or width of 20 to 100 cm, e.g. 30 to 70 cm, is also within the scope of the invention. The total thickness of the surface covering elements can be 8 to 20 mm, e.g. 10 to 15 mm. The aforementioned dimensioning information does not of course exclude other geometries of the surface covering elements. The control and/or regulating device is expediently integrated into the respective surface covering element. In this case, in particular the at least one electrical contact element of the respective surface covering element can form a component of the control and/or regulating device. The control and/or regulation device is expediently arranged on the underside of the respective surface covering element. This allows easy access to the device without affecting the appearance of the surface covering element.

Vorzugsweise bilden die zum Flächenbelag zusammengefügten Flächenbelagselemente mehrere, voneinander unabhängig ansteuerbare und/oder regelbare elektrische Heizkreise. Hierbei wird zweckmäßigerweise die Flächenausdehnung der jeweiligen Heizkreise zumindest teilweise durch die Flächenbelagselemente begrenzt. In diesem Zusammenhang ist auch ein Verfahren zur elektrischen Beheizung eines Flächenbelags Gegenstand der Erfindung, wobei bei diesem Verfahren die Heizkreise unterschiedlich stark bestromt werden, so dass der Flächenbelag mehrere Zonen mit unterschiedlich starker Beheizung aufweist. Die vorbeschriebene Ansteuerung bzw. Regelung kann beispielsweise mittels einer App erfolgen, ggf. kann die Ansteuerung/Regelung in ein Smart Home System eingebunden sein. Die erfindungsgemäße Lehre erlaubt es, die Heizkreise je nach den vorliegenden aktuellen Anforderungen anzusteuern bzw. zu regeln. Beispielsweise bei einer Veränderung der Wohnsituation können die Flächenbelagselemente auch demontiert und neu verlegt werden, um eine bestmögliche Anpassung der Heizeigenschaften des Flächenbelags an die neue Wohnsituation zu erlauben (bspw. durch den Aufbau neuer Heizkreise, die z.B. neue Zonen mit besonders intensiver und/oder geringer Beheizung entstehen lassen).Preferably, the surface covering elements joined together to form the surface covering form a plurality of electrical heating circuits that can be controlled and/or regulated independently of one another. In this case, the surface area of the respective heating circuits is expediently limited at least partially by the surface covering elements. In this context, a method for electrically heating a surface covering is also the subject of the invention, wherein in this method the heating circuits are supplied with different levels of current so that the surface covering has several zones with different levels of heating. The control or regulation described above can be carried out, for example, using an app; if necessary, the control/regulation can be integrated into a smart home system. The teaching according to the invention allows the heating circuits to be controlled or regulated depending on the current requirements. For example, if the living situation changes, the surface covering elements can also be dismantled and re-laid in order to allow the heating properties of the surface covering to be adapted as best as possible to the new living situation (e.g. by setting up new heating circuits, which create new zones with particularly intensive and/or low heating).

Der erfindungsgemäße Flächenbelag kann insbesondere als Bodenbelag für Innenräume zum Einsatz kommen (auch Kellerräume, z.B. zwecks deren Entfeuchtung, oder auch Garagen bzw. Tiefgaragen), wobei jedoch auch Anwendungen im Außenbereich von Gebäuden, wie z.B. auf Terrassen, Balkonen, Gehwegen, Eingangsbereichen etc., im Rahmen der Erfindung liegen. Andere Anwendungen, wie z.B. als Wand- und/oder Deckenverkleidung, als Boden für Früh- und/oder Hochbeete oder als Boden für Tiergehege, auf Sitzbänken, auf LKW-Dächern oder als Boden in, beispielsweise elektrisch angetriebenen, Fahrzeugen, z.B. Bussen, sind hierdurch jedoch nicht ausgeschlossen.The surface covering according to the invention can be used in particular as a floor covering for interior spaces (including basements, e.g. for the purpose of dehumidifying them, or garages or underground car parks), although applications in the exterior of buildings, such as on terraces, balconies, walkways, entrance areas, etc., are also within the scope of the invention. Other applications, such as, for example, as wall and/or ceiling cladding, as flooring for cold and/or raised beds or as flooring for animal enclosures, on benches, on truck roofs or as flooring in, for example, electrically powered vehicles, e.g. buses, are not excluded by this.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung ausführlich erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch:

Fig. 1a, b
die Verbindung zweier erfindungsgemäße Flächenbelagselemente in einer ausschnittsweisn Querschnittsdarstellung
Fig. 2a, b
alternative Ausführungsformen der Erfindung in einer der Fig. 1b ent-sprechenden Darstellung
Fig. 3
einen erfindungsgemäßen Flächenbelag in einer Draufsicht,
Fig. 4
eine alternative Ausbildung eines erfindungsgemäßen Flächenbelags in einer der Fig. 3 entsprechenden Darstellung,
Fig. 5a-c
weitere alternative Ausführungsformen eines erfindungsgemäßen Flächenbelags und
Fig. 6
einen Querschnitt durch den in Fig. 5c gezeigten Flächenbelag in einer der Fig. 2a entsprechenden Darstellung.
The invention is explained in detail below using a drawing which merely represents an exemplary embodiment. The drawings show schematically:
Fig. 1a, b
the connection of two surface covering elements according to the invention in a partial cross-sectional view
Fig. 2a, b
alternative embodiments of the invention in one of the Fig. 1b corresponding representation
Fig.3
a surface covering according to the invention in a plan view,
Fig.4
an alternative embodiment of a surface covering according to the invention in one of the Fig.3 corresponding representation,
Fig. 5a-c
further alternative embodiments of a surface covering according to the invention and
Fig.6
a cross-section of the Fig. 5c shown surface covering in one of the Fig. 2a corresponding representation.

Die Erfindung betrifft einen beheizbaren Flächenbelag 1, der im Ausführungsbeispiel als Bodenbelag für einen Innenraum, beispielsweise ein Wohnzimmer, ausgebildet ist. Der Bodenbelag 1 weist mehrere, zum Flächenbelag 1 zusammenfügte Flächenbelagselemente 2, 2' auf (s. Fig. 3, 4). Die in den Fig. 1a,b und 2a,b im Querschnitt dargestellten Flächenbelagselemente 2 sind hierzu jeweils mit einem elektrischen Widerstandselement 3 und hierdurch elektrisch beheizbar ausgebildet. Die jeweils benachbarten, ausschnittsweise dargestellten Flächenbelagselemente 2 in Fig. 1a,b bzw. in Fig. 2a,b sind identisch ausgebildet und somit jeweils mit mindestens zwei elektrischen Kontaktelementen 4 ausgestattet. Die elektrischen Kontaktelemente 4 ermöglichen jeweils über eine elektrische Verbindungsleitung 50 eine elektrische Verschaltung des Widerstandselementes 3 eines Flächenbelagselementes 2 mit dem Widerstandselement 3 des benachbarten Flächenbelagselements 2 und hierdurch den Aufbau mindestens eines vom Flächenbelag 1 gebildeten Heizkreises 100, 100`. Ein solcher Heizkreis 100, 100' ist in den Draufsichten der Fig. 3 und 4 dargestellt. Anhand der Fig. 1a, b und 2a, b ist erkennbar, dass erfindungsgemäß zur Bereitstellung der Beheizbarkeit des Bodenbelags 1 eine Integration von elektrischen Heizelementen 3 in den Flächenbelag 1 selbst erfolgt. Hierdurch ist die Abgabe von elektrischer Heizenergie sehr nahe an der Oberfläche des Flächenbelags 1 möglich.The invention relates to a heatable surface covering 1, which in the embodiment is designed as a floor covering for an interior space, for example a living room. The floor covering 1 has several surface covering elements 2, 2' joined together to form the surface covering 1 (see. Fig. 3, 4 ). The Fig. 1a,b and 2a , b The surface covering elements 2 shown in cross-section are each designed with an electrical resistance element 3 and are thereby electrically heatable. The adjacent surface covering elements 2 shown in detail in Fig. 1a,b or in Fig. 2a , b are identically designed and thus each equipped with at least two electrical contact elements 4. The electrical contact elements 4 each enable an electrical connection of the resistance element 3 of a surface covering element 2 with the resistance element 3 of the adjacent surface covering element 2 via an electrical connecting line 50 and thereby the construction of at least one heating circuit 100, 100' formed by the surface covering 1. Such a heating circuit 100, 100' is shown in the plan views of the Fig. 3 and 4 shown. Based on the Fig. 1a, b and 2a , b It can be seen that, according to the invention, in order to provide the heatability of the floor covering 1, electrical heating elements 3 are integrated into the surface covering 1 itself. This makes it possible to emit electrical heating energy very close to the surface of the surface covering 1.

In den Fig. 1a, b und 2a,b ist ferner erkennbar, dass die Flächenbelagselemente 2 durch Klickverbindungs-Elemente in Form von Nut- und Federelementen 6, 5 miteinander verbunden werden. Die Geometrie der Nut- und Federelemente ist direkt in die Geometrie der Flächenbelagselemente 2 eingearbeitet, so dass für die Verbindung zweier Elemente 2 keine zusätzlichen Bauteile erforderlich sind. Im Ausführungsbeispiel wir hierzu ein Flächenbelagselement 2 mit seinem Federelement 5 voraus schräg von oben in das Nutelement 6 des benachbarten Flächenbelagselementes 2 eingeschoben (Fig. 1a), mit dem eine Verbindung hergestellt werden soll. Sodann wird das linke Flächenbelagsement 2 nach unten gedrückt, bis das Nutelement mit dem Federelement verrastet (Fig. 1b) und hierbei ein Klick-Geräusch erzeugt. Dieses Klick-Geräusch zeigt der die Montage vornehmenden Person an, dass eine korrekte Verbindung zwischen den beiden Flächenbelagselementen 2 hergestellt wurde. Sowohl in Fig. 1a, b als auch in Fig. 2 sind die elektrischen Kontaktelemente 4 im Bereich der Klickverbindungs-Elemente 5, 6 vorgesehen. Die Ausnehmung des Nutelementes 6 kann mittels eines Fräsverfahrens erzeugt werden. Es ist ferner erkennbar, dass ein Kontaktelement 4 an einem elastischen Federelement 7 angeordnet ist, das beim Zusammenfügen der Flächenbelagselemente 2 zusammengedrückt und damit vorgespannt wird. Das elastische Federelement 7 kann als separates Bauteil ausgebildet, alternativ aber auch in die Geometrie der Flächenbelagselemente 2 eingearbeitet sein. Dies gewährleistet einen sicheren elektrischen Kontakt zwischen den einzelnen Kontaktelementen 4 im zum Flächenbelag 1 montierten Zustand der Flächenbelagselemente 2. Während in Fig. 1a, b die elektrischen Kontaktelemente 4 lediglich in der Nähe der Klickverbindungselemente 5, 6 angeordnet sind, ist beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 2 ein elektrisches Kontaktelement 4 an der Oberfläche des entsprechenden Federelementes 5 und ein elektrisches Kontaktelement 4 innerhalb des entsprechenden Nutelementes 6 angeordnet.In the Fig. 1a, b and 2a , b It can also be seen that the surface covering elements 2 are connected to one another by click connection elements in the form of tongue and groove elements 6, 5. The geometry of the tongue and groove elements is incorporated directly into the geometry of the surface covering elements 2, so that no additional components are required to connect two elements 2. In the exemplary embodiment, a surface covering element 2 with its tongue element 5 is inserted diagonally from above into the groove element 6 of the adjacent surface covering element 2 ( Fig. 1a ) with which a connection is to be made. Then the left surface covering element 2 is pressed downwards until the groove element engages with the spring element ( Fig. 1b ) and produces a clicking sound. This clicking sound indicates to the person carrying out the assembly that a correct connection has been made between the two surface covering elements 2. Both in Fig. 1a, b as well as in Fig.2 the electrical contact elements 4 are provided in the area of the click connection elements 5, 6. The recess of the groove element 6 can be created by means of a milling process. It can also be seen that a contact element 4 is arranged on an elastic spring element 7, which is compressed and thus pre-tensioned when the surface covering elements 2 are joined together. The elastic spring element 7 can be designed as a separate component, but alternatively it can also be incorporated into the geometry of the surface covering elements 2. This ensures a secure electrical contact between the individual contact elements 4 when the surface covering elements 2 are mounted to the surface covering 1. While in Fig. 1a, b the electrical contact elements 4 are only arranged in the vicinity of the click connection elements 5, 6, in the embodiment according to Fig.2 an electrical contact element 4 on the surface of the corresponding spring element 5 and an electrical contact element 4 within the corresponding groove element 6.

Die elektrisch leitfähigen Widerstandselemente 3 können als Gewebe, Gestrick oder Geflecht, als Draht oder auch als Paste ausgebildet sein. Als elektrisch leitfähige Materialen für die Widerstandselemente 3 können Metalle, Graphit, carbon nanotubes etc. zum Einsatz kommen; ferner kann das Material der Widerstandselemente 3 zur Herstellung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit auch elektrisch leitfähige Partikel, beispielsweise Ruß, enthalten (nicht dargestellt). Die Widerstandselemente 3 können insbesondere bei einer Ausbildung als elektrisch leitfähige Paste auch als Druck oder als Beschichtung aufgetragen sein.The electrically conductive resistance elements 3 can be designed as a fabric, knitted fabric or braid, as a wire or as a paste. Metals, graphite, carbon nanotubes, etc. can be used as electrically conductive materials for the resistance elements 3; furthermore, the material of the resistance elements 3 can also contain electrically conductive particles, for example soot, to produce the electrical conductivity (not shown). The resistance elements 3 can also be applied as a print or as a coating, particularly when designed as an electrically conductive paste.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Widerstandselemente 3 durch eine, beispielsweise als Laminat (CPL oder HPL) oder Echtholzparkett ausgebildete, Dekorschicht 8 des Flächenbelagselementes 2 abgedeckt. Beispielsweise bei einer Ausbildung als Laminat kann das Dekor als Druck auf die Dekorschicht 8 aufgebracht und ist oberseitig mit einer abschließenden Schutzschicht 9 versehen sein. Zwischen Dekorschicht 8 und Widerstandselement 3 kann eine (nicht näher dargestellte) Zwischenschicht vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise in Form eines mit Melamin getränkten Kraftpapiers, z.B. mit einem Flächengewicht des ungetränkten Kraftpapiers von 100 bis 120 g/m2.In the exemplary embodiment, the resistance elements 3 are covered by a decorative layer 8 of the surface covering element 2, for example in the form of a laminate (CPL or HPL) or real wood parquet. For example, when designed as a laminate, the decoration can be applied as a print to the decorative layer 8 and is provided on the top with a final protective layer 9. An intermediate layer (not shown in detail) can be provided between the decorative layer 8 and the resistance element 3, for example in the form of kraft paper impregnated with melamine, e.g. with a basis weight of the unimpregnated kraft paper of 100 to 120 g/m 2 .

Die Flächenbelagselemente 2 weisen im Ausführungsbeispiel jeweils als Basiselement 10 ein abgelängtes polymeres Extrusionsprofil auf, wobei das entsprechende Widerstandselement 3 per Auf- oder Einextrusion mit dem Basiselement 10 verbunden wurde. Als polymeres Material für das Basiselement 10 kann beispielsweise PP oder auch ein anderes Polyolefin zum Einsatz kommen, ggf. talkumbasiert. Die Flächenbelagselemente 2 weisen ferner unterhalb des Basiselementes 10 jeweils eine Auflageschicht 11 auf, mit der das Flächenbelagselement 2 auf dem entsprechenden Untergrund U aufliegt. Diese Auflageschicht 11 ist zweckmäßigerweise elastisch ausgebildet und kann so als Trittschalldämmung und/oder auch als Ausgleichsschicht, beispielsweise bei unebenem Untergrund U, fungieren. Die Auflageschicht 11 kann ferner zur Wärmedämmung gegenüber dem Untergrund U dienen. Die Flächenbelagselemente 2 weisen jeweils ferner eine Gegenzug-Schicht 12 auf, die einen mechanischen Verzug, z.B. durch Wärme, Feuchtigkeit etc. des Flächenbelagselementes 2 vermeidet. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt es auch, dass das mindestens eine Widerstandselement 3 unterhalb des Basiselementes 10, beispielsweise zwischen Basiselement 10 und Gegenzug-Schicht 12 oder zwischen Gegenzug-Schicht 12 und Auflageschicht 11, angeordnet ist, wodurch ein besonders guter Schutz des Widerstandselementes 3 ggü. einer punktuell sehr hohen mechanischen Belastung bzw. auch ein gewisser Schutz gegen Feuchtigkeit von oben (z.B. durch Reinigungsvorgänge) gewährleistet ist. Im Rahmen der Erfindung liegt es auch, dass das Widerstandselement 3 gemäß Fig. 2b innerhalb der Basisschicht 10 angeordnet ist. Das Widerstandselement 3 selbst kann flächig ausgebildet und grundsätzlich insbesondere als Heizschicht gestaltet bzw. in eine Heizschicht eingebettet sein.In the exemplary embodiment, the surface covering elements 2 each have a cut-to-length polymer extrusion profile as a base element 10, with the corresponding resistance element 3 being connected to the base element 10 by extrusion or in-extrusion. PP or another polyolefin, possibly talc-based, can be used as the polymer material for the base element 10. The surface covering elements 2 also have a support layer 11 below the base element 10, with which the surface covering element 2 rests on the corresponding substrate U. This support layer 11 is expediently designed to be elastic and can thus function as impact sound insulation and/or as a leveling layer, for example in the case of an uneven substrate U. The support layer 11 can also serve to provide thermal insulation against the substrate U. The surface covering elements 2 each have a counter-tension layer 12, which prevents mechanical distortion of the surface covering element 2, e.g. due to heat, moisture, etc. It is also within the scope of the invention that the at least one resistance element 3 is arranged below the base element 10, for example between the base element 10 and the counter-pull layer 12 or between the counter-pull layer 12 and the support layer 11, whereby a particularly good protection of the resistance element 3 against a very high mechanical load at certain points or also a certain protection against moisture from above (e.g. due to cleaning processes) is ensured. It is also within the scope of the invention that the resistance element 3 according to Fig. 2b is arranged within the base layer 10. The resistance element 3 itself can be flat and can generally be designed in particular as a heating layer or embedded in a heating layer.

Die elektrische Heizleistung des Bodenbelags 1 kann z.B. mittels Temperatur- und/oder Feuchtigkeitssensoren gesteuert bzw. geregelt werden, wobei die vorgenannten Sensoren auch in die Flächenbelagselemente 2 integriert sein können (nicht näher dargestellt). Die Feuchtigkeitssensoren können insbesondere auch im Rahmen einer Frühwarnerkennung von Wasserschäden, beispielsweise Wasserrohrbrüchen, zum Einsatz kommen. Ferner weist der Bodenbelag 1 eine (nicht näher dargestellte) Regelungseinrichtung für die Regelung der vom Bodenbelag 1 abgegebenen Heizleistung auf. Die Flächenbelagselemente 2 können paneelförmig ausgebildet sein (s. Fig. 4) und eine Länge L von z.B. 100 bis 150 cm und eine Breite B von 10 bis 20 cm aufweisen. Auch eine fliesenförmige Gestalt der Flächenbelagselemente 2 gemäß Fig. 3, beispielsweise mit einer Länge L von 60 bis 80 cm und einer Breite B von 30 bis 40 cm ist möglich. Die Gesamtdicke S der Flächenbelagselemente 2 kann z.B. 10 bis 15 mm betragen.The electrical heating power of the floor covering 1 can be controlled or regulated, for example, by means of temperature and/or humidity sensors, whereby the aforementioned sensors can also be integrated into the surface covering elements 2 (not shown in detail). The humidity sensors can also be used in particular as part of an early warning of water damage, for example burst water pipes. The floor covering 1 also has a control device (not shown in detail) for controlling the heating power emitted by the floor covering 1. The surface covering elements 2 can be designed in the form of panels (see. Fig.4 ) and a length L of 100 to 150 cm and a width B of 10 to 20 cm. A tile-shaped form of the surface covering elements 2 according to Fig.3 , for example with a length L of 60 to 80 cm and a width B of 30 to 40 cm is possible. The total thickness S of the surface covering elements 2 can be 10 to 15 mm, for example.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Bodenbelag 1 in einer Draufsicht. Es ist erkennbar, dass viele Flächenbelagselemente 2 identisch zueinander ausgebildet sind. Während in Fig. 3 der Bodenbelag 1 einen einzelnen Heizkreis 100 aufweist, bilden beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 4 die zum Bodenbelag 1 zusammengefügten Flächenbelagselemente 2 zwei voneinander unabhängig steuerbare und/oder regelbare elektrische Heizkreise 100, 100`. Die beiden Heizkreise 100, 100' können durch eine unterschiedlich starke Bestromung unterschiedliche Heizleistungen abgeben und somit die entsprechenden Zonen des Bodenbelags 1 auf unterschiedliche Oberflächentemperaturen aufheizen. Die Ansteuerung bzw. Regelung der Heizkreise 100, 100' kann beispielsweise mittels einer App erfolgen, ggf. kann die Ansteuerung bzw. Regelung in ein Smart Home System eingebunden sein. In beiden Ausführungsbeispielen gemäß Fig. 3, 4 weist jeweils ein Flächenbelagselement 2' ein Anschlusselement 20 für den elektrischen Anschluss des Bodenbelags 1 an eine haushalts-übliche Steckdose auf, wobei in das Anschlusselement 20 eine Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinheit integriert sein kann. Fig.3 shows a floor covering 1 according to the invention in a top view. It can be seen that many surface covering elements 2 are identical to each other. While in Fig.3 the floor covering 1 has a single heating circuit 100, in the embodiment according to Fig.4 the surface covering elements 2 joined together to form the floor covering 1 have two independently controllable and/or adjustable electrical heating circuits 100, 100'. The two heating circuits 100, 100' can provide different heat outputs by applying different levels of current and thus heat the corresponding zones of the floor covering 1 to different surface temperatures. The heating circuits 100, 100' can be controlled or regulated using an app, for example, and the control or regulation can be integrated into a smart home system if necessary. In both embodiments according to Fig. 3, 4 Each surface covering element 2' has a connection element 20 for the electrical connection of the floor covering 1 to a standard household socket, wherein a control and/or regulation unit can be integrated into the connection element 20.

Fig. 5a, b zeigen eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Bodenbelags 1. Es ist erkennbar, dass an die Flächenbelagselemente 2" jeweils eine elektrische Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 20` angeschlossen ist, während die Flächenbelagselemente 2 ohne eine solche Einrichtung ausgebildet sein. Die Flächenbelagselemente 2, 2" sind jeweils mit elektrischen Busleitungen 300 (gestrichelt dargestellt) ausgestattet, welche eine Datenkommunikation zwischen den einzelnen Flächenbelagselementen 2, 2" ermöglicht. Insbesondere anhand der Fig. 5b ist erkennbar, dass durch die mit einer Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 20' versehenen Flächenbelagselemente 2' ein einzelner Heizkreis 100, 100' begrenzt wird. Die Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 20` ist in das jeweilige Flächenbelagselement 2" integriert. Fig. 5a, b show a preferred embodiment of a floor covering 1 according to the invention. It can be seen that an electrical control and/or regulating device 20' is connected to the surface covering elements 2", while the surface covering elements 2 can be designed without such a device. The surface covering elements 2, 2" are each equipped with electrical bus lines 300 (shown in dashed lines), which enable data communication between the individual surface covering elements 2, 2". In particular, based on the Fig. 5b It can be seen that a single heating circuit 100, 100' is delimited by the surface covering elements 2' provided with a control and/or regulating device 20'. The control and/or regulating device 20' is integrated into the respective surface covering element 2".

Fig. 5c zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Bodenbelags 1, wobei hier die elektrischen Kontaktierungseinheiten 400, 400` zwischen den einzelnen Flächenbelagselementen 2, 2" näher dargestellt sind. Es ist erkennbar, dass die Kontaktierungseinheiten 400' jeweils mit einer Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 20` ausgerüstet sind, während die Kontaktierungseinheiten 400 ohne eine solche Einrichtung 20` ausgestattet sind und allein zur elektrischen Kontaktierung der elektrischen Fig. 5c shows a further embodiment of a floor covering 1 according to the invention, in which the electrical contact units 400, 400' between the individual surface covering elements 2, 2" are shown in more detail. It can be seen that the contact units 400' are each equipped with a control and/or regulating device 20', while the contact units 400 are equipped without such a device 20' and are used solely for electrical contacting of the electrical

Widerstandselemente 3 zwischen den einzelnen Flächenbelagselementen 2, 2" dienen. Fig. 6 zeigt eine Querschnittsdarstellung des in Fig. 5c dargestellten Bodenbelags 1 im Bereich einer Kontaktierungseinheit 400` mit Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 20`. Man sieht, dass das elektrische Kontaktelement 4 des Flächenbelagselementes 2" einen Bestandteil der Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 20' bildet und diese Einrichtung 20' in den unterseitigen Bereich des Elements 2" integriert ist. Das elektrische Widerstandselement 3 des Elementes 2" befindet sich hier direkt unterhalb des Basiselelementes 10 und ist an die Einrichtung 20' elektrisch angeschlossen. Das Kontaktelement 4 des Elementes 2" wird durch den Zusammenbau der beiden Elemente 2, 2" mit dem Kontaktelement 4 des Elementes 2 elektrisch kontaktiert, wobei im Ausführungsbeispiel diese Kontaktierung direkt im Kontaktbereich 600 der Nut-Feder-Verbindung zwischen den beiden Elementen 2, 2" erfolgt. Das Kontaktelement 4 des Elementes 2 ist über eine elektrische Leitung 500 mit dem Widerstandselement 3 des Elementes 2 elektrisch verbunden.Resistance elements 3 between the individual surface covering elements 2, 2". Fig.6 shows a cross-sectional view of the Fig. 5c shown floor covering 1 in the area of a contacting unit 400` with control and/or regulating device 20`. It can be seen that the electrical contact element 4 of the surface covering element 2" forms a component of the control and/or regulating device 20' and this device 20' is integrated into the underside area of the element 2". The electrical resistance element 3 of the element 2" is located here directly below the base element 10 and is electrically connected to the device 20'. The contact element 4 of the element 2" is electrically contacted by the assembly of the two elements 2, 2" with the contact element 4 of the element 2, whereby in the exemplary embodiment this contacting takes place directly in the contact area 600 of the tongue and groove connection between the two elements 2, 2". The contact element 4 of the element 2 is electrically connected to the resistance element 3 of the element 2 via an electrical line 500.

Claims (14)

Beheizbarer Flächenbelag (1), insbesondere Bodenbelag, mit - mehreren, zum Flächenbelag (1) zusammenfügten Flächenbelagselementen (2, 2 `) - wobei die Flächenbelagselemente (2, 2', 2") zumindest teilweise mit mindestens einem elektrischen Widerstandselement (3) und hierdurch elektrisch beheizbar ausgebildet sind, und - wobei die Flächenbelagselemente (2,2', 2") zumindest teilweise mit mindestens einem elektrischen Kontaktelement (4) ausgestattet sind, das eine elektrische Verschaltung des Widerstandselementes (3) mit mindestens einem Widerstandselement (3) eines benachbarten Flächenbelagselements (2, 2', 2") und hierdurch den Aufbau mindestens eines vom Flächenbelag (1) gebildeten elektrischen Heizkreises (100, 100`) ermöglicht. Heatable surface covering (1), in particular floor covering, with - several surface covering elements (2, 2') joined together to form the surface covering (1) - wherein the surface covering elements (2, 2', 2") are at least partially formed with at least one electrical resistance element (3) and are thereby electrically heatable, and - wherein the surface covering elements (2, 2', 2") are at least partially equipped with at least one electrical contact element (4) which enables an electrical connection of the resistance element (3) to at least one resistance element (3) of an adjacent surface covering element (2, 2', 2") and thereby the construction of at least one electrical heating circuit (100, 100`) formed by the surface covering (1). Flächenbelag (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flächenbelagselemente (2, 2', 2") durch Klickverbindungs-Elemente (5, 6), insbesondere in Form von Nut- und Federelementen, miteinander verbunden sind.Surface covering (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface covering elements (2, 2', 2") are connected to one another by click connection elements (5, 6), in particular in the form of tongue and groove elements. Flächenbelag (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elektrische Kontaktelement (4) im Bereich der Klickverbindungs-Elemente (5, 6) vorgesehen ist.Surface covering (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the electrical contact element (4) is provided in the region of the click connection elements (5, 6). Flächenbelag (1) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elektrische Kontaktelement (4) an der Oberfläche eines Federelementes (5) und/oder innerhalb eines Nutelementes (6) angeordnet ist.Surface covering (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the electrical contact element (4) is arranged on the surface of a spring element (5) and/or within a groove element (6). Flächenbelag (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elektrisch leitfähige Widerstandselement (3) als Gewebe, Gestrick oder Geflecht, als Draht oder als Paste ausgebildet ist.Surface covering (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the electrically conductive resistance element (3) is designed as a fabric, knitted fabric or braid, as a wire or as a paste. Flächenbelag (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Widerstandselement (3) als Druck oder als Beschichtung ausgebildet ist.Surface covering (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the resistance element (3) is designed as a print or as a coating. Flächenbelag (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Widerstandselement (3) durch eine, beispielsweise als Laminat oder Echtholzparkett ausgebildete, Dekorschicht (8) des Flächenbelagselementes (2, 2', 2") abgedeckt wird.Surface covering (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the resistance element (3) is covered by a decorative layer (8) of the surface covering element (2, 2', 2"), for example designed as a laminate or real wood parquet. Flächenbelag (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flächenbelagselemente (2, 2`) jeweils als Basiselement (10) ein polymeres Extrusionsprofil aufweisen und das Widerstandselement (3) vorzugsweise per Auf- oder Einextrusion mit dem Basiselement (10) verbunden ist.Surface covering (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the surface covering elements (2, 2') each have a polymer extrusion profile as a base element (10) and the resistance element (3) is preferably connected to the base element (10) by extrusion or intrusion. Flächenbelag (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an die Flächenbelagselemente (2, 2`, 2") Sensoren, insbesondere Temperatursensoren und/oder Drucksensoren und/oder Kraftsensoren und/oder Feuchtigkeitssensoren und/oder kapazitive Sensoren, angeschlossen sind.Surface covering (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that sensors, in particular temperature sensors and/or pressure sensors and/or force sensors and/or humidity sensors and/or capacitive sensors, are connected to the surface covering elements (2, 2`, 2"). Flächenbelag (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an die Flächenbelagselemente (2") zumindest teilweise mindestens eine elektrische Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung (20`) angeschlossen ist.Surface covering (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one electrical control and/or regulating device (20') is at least partially connected to the surface covering elements (2"). Flächenbelag (1) nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung (20`) in das jeweilige Flächenbelagselement (2") integriert ist und vorzugsweise das elektrische Kontaktelement (4) des jeweilige Flächenbelagselementes (2") einen Bestandteil der Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung (20`) bildet.Surface covering (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the control and/or regulating device (20`) is integrated into the respective surface covering element (2") and preferably the electrical contact element (4) of the respective surface covering element (2") forms a component of the control and/or regulating device (20`). Flächenbelag (1) nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuerungs- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung (20`) unterseitig am Flächenbelagselement (2") angeordnet ist.Surface covering (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the control and/or regulating device (20') is arranged on the underside of the surface covering element (2"). Flächenbelag (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zum Flächenbelag (1) zusammengefügten Flächenbelagselemente (2, 2', 2") mehrere, voneinander unabhängig steuerbare und/oder regelbare elektrische Heizkreise (100, 100`) bilden.Surface covering (1) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the surface covering elements (2, 2', 2") joined together to form the surface covering (1) form several electrical heating circuits (100, 100`) which can be controlled and/or regulated independently of one another. Flächenbelag (1) nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flächenausdehnung der Heizkreise (100, 100`) zumindest teilweise durch die Flächenbelagselemente (2") begrenzt wird.Surface covering (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the surface area of the heating circuits (100, 100') is at least partially limited by the surface covering elements (2").
EP24157260.1A 2023-03-06 2024-02-13 Heatable surface covering Pending EP4428452A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102023105391.4A DE102023105391A1 (en) 2023-03-06 2023-03-06 Heated surface covering
DE202023104020.9U DE202023104020U1 (en) 2023-03-06 2023-07-18 Heated surface covering

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4428452A1 true EP4428452A1 (en) 2024-09-11

Family

ID=91668209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP24157260.1A Pending EP4428452A1 (en) 2023-03-06 2024-02-13 Heatable surface covering

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4428452A1 (en)
DE (2) DE102023105391A1 (en)

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002031290A1 (en) * 2000-10-12 2002-04-18 Josef Hrovath Tile
DE10052345A1 (en) * 2000-10-21 2002-05-02 Mayfield Ventures Ltd Croydon Water-resistant floor mat with electrical heating has mutually compatible connectors on opposing surfaces for mechanical and/or electrical connection to mat with identical connectors
WO2004099530A1 (en) * 2003-05-05 2004-11-18 Pilgrimsfalken Ab Flooring board with an embedded electrically influenced sheet
DE20122778U1 (en) 2001-08-10 2007-10-25 Akzenta Paneele + Profile Gmbh Panel and fastening system for panels
EP2184809A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-05-12 Payer International Technologies GmbH & Co. KG Device for contacting electrical heating elements
US20140001170A1 (en) * 2011-04-11 2014-01-02 Skala Stone, Inc. Heatable marble composite slab and method for connecting the same
EP2095683B1 (en) * 2006-11-10 2017-01-25 Kronoplus Technical AG Heatable covering system
CN207727892U (en) * 2017-09-14 2018-08-14 张建忠 A kind of full pine base material environment protection health floor
DE202019101807U1 (en) 2019-03-29 2019-05-06 Akzenta Paneele + Profile Gmbh paneling
US20210080121A1 (en) * 2018-02-20 2021-03-18 Ardex Gmbh Heating mat for a surface heating system, surface heating system for heating a room of a building and method for producing a heating mat for a surface heating system
US20220299212A1 (en) * 2021-03-17 2022-09-22 Shalom Wertsberger Heating Panels and connection methods thereof
DE102021112857A1 (en) * 2021-05-18 2022-11-24 Ke Kelit Kunststoffwerk Gmbh Electric surface heating based on a basic element surrounded by a heating element

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002031290A1 (en) * 2000-10-12 2002-04-18 Josef Hrovath Tile
DE10052345A1 (en) * 2000-10-21 2002-05-02 Mayfield Ventures Ltd Croydon Water-resistant floor mat with electrical heating has mutually compatible connectors on opposing surfaces for mechanical and/or electrical connection to mat with identical connectors
DE20122778U1 (en) 2001-08-10 2007-10-25 Akzenta Paneele + Profile Gmbh Panel and fastening system for panels
WO2004099530A1 (en) * 2003-05-05 2004-11-18 Pilgrimsfalken Ab Flooring board with an embedded electrically influenced sheet
EP2095683B1 (en) * 2006-11-10 2017-01-25 Kronoplus Technical AG Heatable covering system
EP2184809A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-05-12 Payer International Technologies GmbH & Co. KG Device for contacting electrical heating elements
US20140001170A1 (en) * 2011-04-11 2014-01-02 Skala Stone, Inc. Heatable marble composite slab and method for connecting the same
CN207727892U (en) * 2017-09-14 2018-08-14 张建忠 A kind of full pine base material environment protection health floor
US20210080121A1 (en) * 2018-02-20 2021-03-18 Ardex Gmbh Heating mat for a surface heating system, surface heating system for heating a room of a building and method for producing a heating mat for a surface heating system
DE202019101807U1 (en) 2019-03-29 2019-05-06 Akzenta Paneele + Profile Gmbh paneling
US20220299212A1 (en) * 2021-03-17 2022-09-22 Shalom Wertsberger Heating Panels and connection methods thereof
DE102021112857A1 (en) * 2021-05-18 2022-11-24 Ke Kelit Kunststoffwerk Gmbh Electric surface heating based on a basic element surrounded by a heating element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102023105391A1 (en) 2024-09-12
DE202023104020U1 (en) 2024-06-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2095683B1 (en) Heatable covering system
EP3489432B1 (en) Floor covering with a core of mineral material
WO2009135690A1 (en) Heatable covering system
EP1327038A1 (en) Tile
EP1729069A1 (en) Floor structure with electric floor heating device and heating module
EP0298325A2 (en) Double-layered covering for hollow floors
CH705410A2 (en) Multilayer surface heating system.
DE102008048541A1 (en) Layer-composite element e.g. wall panel, for use in vehicle, has filler material layer formed as long fiber injection material layer, where material layer is formed from mixture of glass fibers and two-component binder
DE102007011087A1 (en) Panel for lining surface with at least one liquid channel has first and second channel connecting elements enabling channels of two panels to be connected via connecting elements in liquid-tight, especially water-tight manner
DE202013006416U1 (en) Combined decoupling and heating system
EP4428452A1 (en) Heatable surface covering
EP3755949B1 (en) Mounting method for mounting a surface heater, and surface heater
DE19622788A1 (en) Electrical resistance heating for room air conditioning
EP3006835B1 (en) Carrier assembly for electrical heating cable of a panel heater
EP3887728B1 (en) Modular plate element for creating a wall heater and system for modularly creating a wall consisting of wall heating elements
EP4005341B1 (en) Inductive panel heating
DE202014104792U1 (en) Support arrangement for electric heating cables of a surface heating
DE102019106705A1 (en) Heating mat for use in a floor construction, floor construction and method for the manufacture thereof
DE20209270U1 (en) floor panel
EP4067602A1 (en) Flooring construction
DE29805942U1 (en) Floor slab
DE102015108159A1 (en) Mobile floor heating mats
EP3914041A1 (en) Heating plate
DE202022106374U1 (en) Plate-shaped carrier element for accommodating the heating wires of an electric underfloor heating system
EP3260627A1 (en) Sandwich structure

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR