EP4411202B1 - System und verfahren zum entladen von lco2 von einem schiff zu einem zwischenspeicher an einem lco2-empfangsendgerät - Google Patents

System und verfahren zum entladen von lco2 von einem schiff zu einem zwischenspeicher an einem lco2-empfangsendgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4411202B1
EP4411202B1 EP23154917.1A EP23154917A EP4411202B1 EP 4411202 B1 EP4411202 B1 EP 4411202B1 EP 23154917 A EP23154917 A EP 23154917A EP 4411202 B1 EP4411202 B1 EP 4411202B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lco
stream
storage tank
boil
conduit
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EP23154917.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4411202A1 (de
EP4411202C0 (de
Inventor
Kim Johnsen
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Horisont Energi AS
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Horisont Energi AS
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Priority to EP23154917.1A priority Critical patent/EP4411202B1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2024/052363 priority patent/WO2024160890A1/en
Priority to NO20240084A priority patent/NO20240084A1/en
Publication of EP4411202A1 publication Critical patent/EP4411202A1/de
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Publication of EP4411202C0 publication Critical patent/EP4411202C0/de
Publication of EP4411202B1 publication Critical patent/EP4411202B1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D9/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids when loading or unloading ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0306—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0325—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating by expansion using "Joule-Thompson" effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/01—Intermediate tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0142—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed underground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/005—Underground or underwater containers or vessels

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to Cabon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology, and more particularly to a system for offloading liquid CO 2 (LCO 2 ) from an LCO 2 carrier ship to an intermediate LCO 2 storage tank at an LCO 2 receiving terminal connected to a long term LCO 2 storage facility, wherein cross-contamination from cargo of one ship to another, via common intermediate storage tanks, can be avoided.
  • CCS Cabon Capture and Storage
  • LCO 2 liquid CO 2
  • the invention uses a slip stream of LCO 2 withdrawn from a main stream of LCO 2 being offloaded to the terminal which is vaporised and returned to the LCO 2 carrier ship, and the vaporisation is used to providing cooling for complete or partial reliquefaction of a boil-off gas stream withdrawn from the intermediate LCO 2 storage tank, and a resulting reliquefied fraction is returned to the intermediate LCO 2 storage tank.
  • the present invention also relates to a corresponding method.
  • Captured and liquefied carbon dioxide can be transported in the liquid phase (LCO 2 ) from various locations and customers to CO 2 receiving terminals at which the CO 2 will be temporarily stored in intermediate buffer storage tanks onshore, before being pumped in a dense phase via a pipeline and injected into an offshore long term storage reservoir.
  • the purpose of the buffer storage is to allow for continuous injection to the long-term storage reservoir despite intermittent LCO 2 cargo transfer from ship.
  • a general description of an outline of a CCS chain can be found in Conceptualization of CO 2 Terminal for Offshore CCS Using System Engineering Process by Hyonjeong et al. Energys, 2019, 12, 4350 .
  • Said CCS chain description includes the return of CO 2 carriers to consider the vaporised CO 2 (VCO 2 ) in returning carriers.
  • VCO 2 vaporised CO 2
  • the same volume of VCO 2 must be loaded into the carrier's cargo tank when unloading LCO 2 from the carrier to the CO 2 terminal.
  • the carrier's cargo tank is displaced by the VCO 2 of the storage tanks at the terminal, while LCO 2 fills the storage tanks.
  • the displaced vapour in the onshore intermediate storage tank could be returned to the CO 2 carrier ship via a vapour return connection for pressure maintenance in both sets of tanks, i.e. of the carrier ship and of the intermediate storage of the CO 2 receiving terminal, respectively.
  • the vapour in the onshore storage tank or tanks may contain impurities.
  • impurities could pose a substantial impediment to the functioning of the CCS chain.
  • LCO 2 receiving terminals served by multiple customers, with CO 2 originating from various sources, could face challenges from a technical and commercial point with undesired cross-contamination caused by impurities contained in the vapour space of the onshore storage tanks when returned to the ships.
  • the present invention is based on using a slip stream of LCO 2 , which is being withdrawn from a main stream LCO 2 being offloaded from a ship and imported to the terminal, for partially or completely reliquefying a stream of boil-off gas being withdrawn from an intermediate storage tank to which intermediate storage tank the LCO 2 main stream is being led, wherein the two streams are kept separate, and wherein a reliquefied fraction from the stream of boil-off gas is led back to the storage tank.
  • the required cooling for reliquefaction of a fraction of the stream of boil-off gas is accomplished by subjecting the LCO 2 slip stream to a reduced pressure.
  • the invention relates to a system 50 for offloading LCO 2 cargo from an LCO 2 carrier ship 30 to an intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40 at an LCO 2 receiving terminal 100, which system avoids cross-contamination of cargo from one LCO 2 carrier ship 30 to another, said system comprising: an intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40; a boil-off gas outlet 60 from the intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40 configured to withdrawing boil-off gas from the intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40; an LCO 2 cargo import conduit 1, 10 connected to the intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40 configured to receive an LCO 2 cargo import stream from the LCO 2 carrier ship 30; a CO 2 vapour return conduit 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 configured to be connected to the LCO 2 carrier ship 30 and to return from the system 50 CO 2 vapour to the LCO 2 carrier ship 30; an LCO 2 outlet 70 from the intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40 configured to discharging LCO 2 from the intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40; which system additionally comprises an LCO 2 slip stream conduit 2 connected to the LCO 2 cargo
  • the system additionally comprises means C, D, E configured to vaporising a remaining non-vaporised fraction of the at least partly vaporised stream of LCO 2 exiting the first heat exchanger B.
  • the system comprises means G, 13, H, 14, configured to separate, compress, and direct a remaining gaseous fraction of the boil-off gas after partial reliquefaction thereof into a stream of compressed LCO 2 withdrawn from the intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40 to be injected into a pipeline 110 connected to an underground long term storage facility 120.
  • the invention in another aspect, relates to a method for offloading LCO 2 cargo from an LCO 2 carrier ship 30 to an intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40 at an LCO 2 receiving terminal 100, avoiding cross-contamination of cargo from one LCO 2 carrier ship 30 to another, said method comprising the following steps: i. receiving a main stream of LCO 2 from an LCO 2 carrier ship 30 and directing the main stream to an intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40; ii. withdrawing LCO 2 from an LCO 2 outlet 70 from the intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40; iii. withdrawing a stream of boil-off gas from a boil-off gas outlet 60 from the intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40; iv.
  • the CO 2 vapour from the terminal 100 being returned to the LCO 2 carrier ship 30 comprises a stream of CO 2 vapour obtained from the slip stream of LCO 2 and is subjected to compression before being returned to the ship.
  • the method additionally comprises a step ix. wherein a remaining non-vaporised fraction of the at least partly vaporised LCO 2 slip stream after heat exchange in step vii. is vaporised, and, and wherein, in step iv., the CO 2 vapour from the terminal being compressed and returned to the LCO 2 carrier ship 30 comprises the resulting CO 2 vapour from step ix.
  • the method additionally comprises the step x., wherein, after heat exchange in step vii., a remaining non-liquefied gaseous fraction from the boil-off gas stream is separated and directed into a stream of LCO 2 being withdrawn from the intermediate LCO 2 storage tank 40 and conveyed to an underground long term storage facility 120.
  • the present invention provides a method and system providing vapour return for pressure support of LCO 2 carrier ship 30 tanks during liquid off-loading by generating vapours directly from the off-loading cargo at the terminal 100, eliminating the risk for potential off-spec vapour return from the onshore storage tank facility 40.
  • the invention provides an energy efficient measure to reliquefy displaced vapour in the onshore storage tanks 40, by heat integration with the ship vapour return 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
  • the present invention provides a method for a force-vaporising a slip stream of the off-loaded LCO 2 cargo, providing vapour for pressure support to the ship tanks without ingress of any potential contaminants from the main onshore storage facility.
  • the system also provides cooling duty for reliquefaction of displaced vapour in the onshore storage tanks, reducing the energy requirements for the BOG system.
  • the present invention achieves the advantage of providing CO 2 vapour return to an off-loading LCO 2 carrier ship 30, independent of the content in the onshore storage tanks, i.e. avoiding exposure of potential contaminants contained in the vapour space from previous off-loaded cargos, such as from other LCO 2 carrier ships 30.
  • reference numeral 2 is used to both denote the slip stream conduit, and also to denote the slip stream itself flowing in said conduit.
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the inventive system 50 as indicated by the dashed line implemented into an LCO 2 receiving terminal 100.
  • the inventive system 50 in its most generic embodiment does not include C, D, E, which in a preferred embodiment can be arranged along the vapour return conduit 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and does also not include G and H, which in a preferred embodiment can be provided for separating out a remaining gaseous fraction after partial liquefaction of the boil-off gas from the reliquefied conduit 12, 15, and does also not include I , and J, which are units conventionally included in a conventional LCO 2 receiving terminal 100, in which the inventive system 50 has not been implemented.
  • the core of the invention is a process scheme that enables efficient heat integration between the cold closed-circuit vapour return stream to LCO 2 carrier ship 30 and the warmer displaced boil-off gas from the onshore storage tanks 40. This is achieved by using a slip stream of the off-loaded LCO 2 cargo, which serves a dual purpose:
  • vapour for pressure maintenance on the ship could possibly alternatively be generated by force-vaporising liquid CO 2 cargo on the ship.
  • Such solution is however considered inferior to the solution offered by the invention, since, i.a., with such solution, the displaced vapour in the intermediate LCO 2 storage tank or tanks 40 during filling will increase the sizing and energy requirements for the BOG system of the LCO 2 receiving terminal 100.
  • LCO 2 is offloaded from a ship 30 at pressures from e.g. 15-18 barg (denoted as medium pressure (MP), with a typical saturation temperature between -30°C and -20°C).
  • MP medium pressure
  • a slip stream 2 of the off-loaded cargo 1 is fed to a pressure let-down control valve A, where the pressure is let down to e.g. 6-10 barg (denoted as low pressure (LP), with a typical saturation temperature between -50°C and -40°C).
  • LP low pressure
  • the first heat exchanger B On the downstream side 3 of the pressure let-down valve A a two-phase LP LCO 2 stream is fed to the first heat exchanger B.
  • the first heat exchanger B is depicted as a shell and tube heat exchanger but could alternatively be of another type, such as a plate or plate-fin heat exchanger.
  • the cold two-phase LP stream provides cooling of the vapour displaced 11 from the storage tank 40 during filling thereof.
  • the displacement rate will depend on the filing rate 10, the injection rate 16, and the return of reliquefied boil-off gas 15.
  • the resulting CO 2 vapour is returned to the ship after compression of the CO 2 vapour stream 7 in a vapour return compressor F.
  • first and second heat exchangers B and C respectively, could be referred to as cross heat exchangers.
  • a dedicated vaporiser D is provided.
  • the vaporiser D could be heated electrically, by ambient sea water or other suitable heat sources available at the terminal 100.
  • the LP CO 2 6 is preferably fed to a knock-out drum E to ensure that any remaining liquid droplets are not found in the suction flow 7 to the vapour return compressor F.
  • the vapour return compressor F will increase the pressure to be compatible with the ship cargo tank pressure.
  • the compressor discharge 8 is cooled by cross-heat exchange in heat exchanger C, providing heat for vaporisation of a remaining liquid phase in the LP LCO2 stream 4 as described above.
  • Vapour 9 is returned to ship 30 at pressure and temperature compatible with the MP cargo at a rate that equals the volumetric flow of off-loaded liquid 1.
  • the offloaded LCO 2 is split into two process sections.
  • the LP LCO2 2 is providing vapour for the displaced liquid in the ship cargo tanks 30 in a closed circuit 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
  • the major part of the imported LCO 2 1 is transferred 10 at MP conditions to the intermediate storage tank(s) 40.
  • the storage tank or tanks 40 are operated at MP condition, and liquid CO 2 is transferred 16 to injection pump or pumps I.
  • the injection pump I is shown as a single pump but could also be configured in series with booster pumps.
  • the pump(s) provide sufficient head for dense phase CO 2 to be exported to a pipeline 110 and subsequently injected into a reservoir 120 for permanent storage.
  • an injection heater J Downstream of the injection pump 17, an injection heater J may be arranged to avoid sub-zero temperatures entering the pipeline at the landfall 19.
  • the injection heater J could for example be heated electrically, by ambient sea water or other suitable heat sources available at the terminal.
  • the export flow rate 16 is likely to be lower than cargo transfer rate 10, hence, as the level in the intermediate storage tank 40 increases vapour will be displaced. To control pressure, the displaced vapour 11 will need to be processed, to avoid CO 2 emission to atmosphere by vent.
  • the displaced vapour 11 at MP conditions will be reliquefied against the colder LP LCO 2 stream 3 in a heat exchanger B.
  • the reliquefied BOG or reliquefied displaced vapour can be returned to intermediate storage tank 40 via conduit 12, 15.
  • the partly reliquefied vapours 12 are fed to a two-phase separator G, where reliquefied BOG/reliquefied displaced vapour is returned 15 to the intermediate storage tank 40.
  • the gas phase 13, enriched with non-condensable impurities, is fed to a boil-off gas compressor H and the effluent from the compressor is injected into high-pressure LCO 2 in the export conduit 18, where it will be dissolved, complying with single phase flow assurance requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. System (50) zum Entladen von LCO2-Fracht von einem LCO2-Tanker (30) in einen LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40) an einem LCO2-Empfangsterminal (100), wobei das System eine Kreuzkontamination der Fracht von einem LCO2-Tanker (30) auf einen anderen vermeidet, wobei das System aufweist:
    - einen LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40);
    - einen Abdampfgas-Auslass (60) aus dem LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40), der konfiguriert ist, Abdampfgas aus dem LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40) zu entnehmen;
    - eine LCO2-Frachtimportleitung (1, 10), die mit dem LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40) verbunden ist und konfiguriert ist, einen LCO2-Frachtimportstrom vom LCO2-Tanker (30) aufzunehmen;
    - eine CO2-Dampfrückführleitung (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), die konfiguriert ist, mit dem LCO2-Tanker (30) verbunden zu werden und CO2-Dampf aus dem System (50) zum LCO2-Tanker (30) zurückzuführen;
    - einen LCO2-Auslass (70) aus dem LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40), der konfiguriert ist, LCO2 aus dem LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40) abzugeben;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es zusätzlich aufweist:
    - eine LCO2-Nachstromleitung (2), die mit der LCO2-Frachtimportleitung (1) verbunden ist und konfiguriert ist, einen LCO2-Nachstrom aus der LCO2-Frachtimportleitung (1) zu entnehmen;
    - ein Druckabbauventil (A), das mit der LCO2-Nachstromleitung (2) verbunden und konfiguriert ist, den LCO2-Nachstrom mit einer ersten Temperatur (T1) aufzunehmen und einen zumindest teilweise verdampften LCO2-Strom mit einer zweiten, niedrigeren Temperatur (T2) austreten zu lassen;
    - eine Leitung (3) für einen teilweise verdampften Strom, die mit dem Druckabbauventil (A) verbunden und konfiguriert ist, den mindestens teilweise verdampften LCO2-Strom mit einer zweiten niedrigeren Temperatur (T2) aufzunehmen;
    - eine Abdampfgas-Leitung (11), die mit dem Abdampfgas-Auslass (60) verbunden ist;
    - einen ersten Wärmetauscher (B), der mit der Leitung (3) für den teilweise verdampften Strom bzw. mit der Abdampfgas-Leitung (11) verbunden ist, wobei der Wärmetauscher konfiguriert ist, den zumindest teilweise verdampften LCO2-Strom mit der zweiten niedrigeren Temperatur (T2) aufzunehmen, das aus dem Abdampfgas-Auslass (60) entnommene Abdampfgas aufzunehmen, Wärme von dem Abdampfgas auf den zumindest teilweise verdampften LCO2-Strom mit der zweiten niedrigeren Temperatur (T2) zu übertragen, einen wieder verflüssigten Anteil aus dem Abdampfgas austreten zu lassen bzw. einen zumindest teilweise verdampften LCO2-Strom austreten zu lassen;
    - eine Leitung (12, 15) für den wieder verflüssigten Anteil, die mit dem LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40) verbunden und konfiguriert ist, den aus dem ersten Wärmetauscher (B) austretenden wieder verflüssigten Anteil aufzunehmen;
    - wobei die CO2-Dampfrückführleitung (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) ferner konfiguriert ist, CO2-Dampf aufzunehmen, der aus dem zumindest teilweise verdampften LCO2-Strom mit der zweiten niedrigeren Temperatur (T2) resultiert; und
    - einen Dampfrückführverdichter (F), der entlang der Dampfrückführleitung (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) angeordnet ist und konfiguriert ist, den CO2-Dampf zu verdichten, der zum LCO2-Tanker (30) zurückgeführt werden soll.
  2. System (50) nach Anspruch 1, das zusätzlich aufweist:
    - eine Einrichtung (C, D, E), die entlang der CO2-Dampfrückführleitung (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) angeordnet und konfiguriert ist, einen verbleibenden nicht verdampften Anteil des zumindest teilweise verdampften LCO2-Stroms, der aus dem ersten Wärmetauscher (B) austritt, zu verdampfen.
  3. System (50) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, das zusätzlich aufweist:
    - eine Einspritzpumpe (I), die über eine Leitung (16) mit dem LCO2-Auslass (70) des LCO2-Zwischenspeichertanks (40) verbunden ist, die konfiguriert ist, LCO2 aufzunehmen, das aus dem LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40) entnommen wird, und einen Strom von verdichtetem LCO2 auszustoßen, der in eine Pipeline (110) eingespritzt werden soll, die mit einer unterirdischen Langzeitspeichereinrichtung (120) verbunden ist; und
    - eine Leitung (12, 13, 14) für den verbleibenden gasförmigen Anteil und eine Einrichtung (G, H), die entlang der Leitung (12, 13, 14) für den verbleibenden gasförmigen Anteil angeordnet und konfiguriert sind, einen verbleibenden gasförmigen Anteil, der aus dem ersten Wärmetauscher (B) austritt und aus dem verdampften Gas resultiert, aufzunehmen, von der Leitung (12, 15) für den wieder verflüssigten Anteil zu trennen und zu verdichten, und den resultierenden verdichteten gasförmigen Anteil des Abdampfgases in einen Strom von verdichtetem LCO2 einzuspritzen, der in eine Pipeline (110) eingespritzt werden soll, die mit einer unterirdischen Langzeitspeichereinrichtung (120) verbunden ist.
  4. Verfahren zum Entladen einer LCO2-Fracht von einem LCO2-Tanker (30) in einen LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40) an einem LCO2-Empfangsterminal (100), wobei eine Kreuzkontamination der Fracht von einem LCO2-Tanker (30) auf einen anderen vermieden wird, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    i.) Empfangen eines Hauptstroms von LCO2 von einem LCO2-Tanker (30) und Leiten des Hauptstroms zu einem LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40);
    ii.) Entnehmen von LCO2 aus einem LCO2-Auslass (70) aus dem LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40);
    iii.) Entnehmen eines Abdampfgas-Stroms aus einem Abdampfgas-Auslass (60) aus dem LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40);
    iv.) Rückführen von CO2-Dampf vom Terminal (100) zurück zum LCO2-Tanker (30),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es zusätzlich die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    v.) Entnehmen aus dem Hauptstrom von LCO2 eines LCO2-Nachstroms;
    vi.) Aussetzen des entnommenen LCO2-Nachstroms mit einer ersten Temperatur (T1) einem reduzierten Druck, wodurch der entnommene LCO2-Nachstrom mit einer ersten Temperatur (T1) teilweise verdampft wird, um einen zumindest teilweise verdampften LCO2-Nachstrom mit einer zweiten niedrigeren Temperatur (T2) zu erzeugen;
    vii.) Unterziehen des entnommenen Abdampfgas-Stroms einem Wärmeaustausch mit dem zumindest teilweise verdampften LCO2-Nachstrom mit der zweiten niedrigeren Temperatur (T2), wodurch der Abdampfgas-Strom teilweise oder vollständig zu einem verflüssigten Anteil verflüssigt wird;
    viii.) Rückführen des resultierenden verflüssigten Anteils in den LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40);
    wobei in Schritt (iv.) der CO2-Dampf von dem Terminal (100), der zu dem LCO2-Tanker (30) zurückgeführt wird, einen Strom von CO2-Dampf aufweist, der aus dem LCO2-Nachstrom erhalten wird, und einer Verdichtung unterzogen wird, bevor er zu dem Tanker zurückgeführt wird.
  5. Verfahren zum Entladen von LCO2-Fracht von einem LCO2-Tanker (30) in einen LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40) an einem LCO2-Empfangsterminal (100) nach Anspruch 4, das zusätzlich die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    ix.) Verdampfen eines verbleibenden nicht verdampften Anteils des zumindest teilweise verdampften LCO2-Nachstroms nach dem Wärmeaustausch in Schritt (vii);
    wobei in Schritt (iv.) der CO2-Dampf von dem Terminal, der verdichtet und zu dem LCO2-Tanker (30) zurückgeführt wird, den resultierenden CO2-Dampf von Schritt (ix.) aufweist.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, das zusätzlich den folgenden Schritt aufweist:
    x.) nach dem Wärmeaustausch in Schritt (vii.) Abtrennen und Leiten eines verbleibenden nicht verflüssigten gasförmigen Anteils aus dem Abdampfgas-Strom in einen LCO2-Strom, der aus dem LCO2-Zwischenspeichertank (40) entnommen und zu einer unterirdischen Langzeitspeichereinrichtung (120) befördert wird.
EP23154917.1A 2023-02-03 2023-02-03 System und verfahren zum entladen von lco2 von einem schiff zu einem zwischenspeicher an einem lco2-empfangsendgerät Active EP4411202B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP23154917.1A EP4411202B1 (de) 2023-02-03 2023-02-03 System und verfahren zum entladen von lco2 von einem schiff zu einem zwischenspeicher an einem lco2-empfangsendgerät
PCT/EP2024/052363 WO2024160890A1 (en) 2023-02-03 2024-01-31 System and method for offloading lco2 from a ship to an intermediate storage at an lco2 receiving terminal
NO20240084A NO20240084A1 (en) 2023-02-03 2024-01-31 System and method for offloading lco2 from a ship to an intermediate storage at an lco2 receiving terminal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP23154917.1A EP4411202B1 (de) 2023-02-03 2023-02-03 System und verfahren zum entladen von lco2 von einem schiff zu einem zwischenspeicher an einem lco2-empfangsendgerät

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JPH0633873B2 (ja) * 1990-10-31 1994-05-02 東京瓦斯株式会社 Ｌｎｇの荷役装置
KR20220080447A (ko) * 2020-12-07 2022-06-14 대우조선해양 주식회사 선박의 증발가스 재액화 시스템 및 방법

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