Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
  • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
  • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
  • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
  • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
  • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
  • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
  • B23K15/0046—Welding
  • B23K15/0086—Welding welding for purposes other than joining, e.g. built-up welding
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
  • B23K15/0046—Welding
  • B23K15/0093—Welding characterised by the properties of the materials to be welded
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
  • B23K26/342—Build-up welding
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
  • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
  • B23K9/23—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
  • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
  • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
  • C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
  • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
  • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
  • C22C1/059—Making alloys comprising less than 5% by weight of dispersed reinforcing phases
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
  • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
  • C22C1/1084—Alloys containing non-metals by mechanical alloying (blending, milling)
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
  • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
  • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
  • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
  • B22F12/40—Radiation means
  • B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
  • B23K2101/006—Vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
  • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
  • B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
  • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

• Copper alloy composition and method of making same, method of making a part from the copper alloy composition
• the present invention relates to the field of copper alloy compositions, in particular for the manufacture of mechanical parts subjected to significant environmental constraints (high temperature, thermal cycles, various environmental aggressions).
• Additive manufacturing is a process that involves layer-by-layer construction or manufacturing by adding material, as opposed to removing material in conventional machining.
• Additive manufacturing processes include, but are not limited to, selective laser melting (SLM), selective laser sintering (SLS), and direct metal deposition ( DMD for “Direct Metal Deposition”).
• Additive manufacturing allows the production of parts with complex shapes with a gain in mass and the possibility of adding new functionalities.
• the properties of copper alloys mean that the energy delivered by the laser beam is largely reflected rather than absorbed.
• the mechanical strength of copper alloy parts manufactured by additive manufacturing is deteriorated by the presence of defects (porosity, lack of fusion) which can eventually lead to premature breakage of the parts.
• One of the aims of the invention is to propose a copper alloy composition which allows the manufacture of parts having satisfactory mechanical properties, including by additive manufacturing.
• the invention proposes a composition of copper alloy of composition by mass Cu C omp (Al 2 O3) aZrbCrc in which, in mass percentage: 1.5% ⁇ a ⁇ 5%, 0.01% ⁇ b ⁇ 5%, 0% ⁇ c ⁇ 5%, the balance being copper and unavoidable impurities.
• the alloy composition is for example in the form of a powder or in the form of a solid, in particular in the form of a wire or a plate.
• the invention also proposes a process for manufacturing a copper alloy composition as defined above, the process comprising the steps of:
• the process for manufacturing a copper alloy composition comprises one or more of the following optional characteristics, taken individually or according to all technically possible combinations:
• the precursor materials are provided in the form of alloy precursor powders, and the combining step comprises mechanical mixing of the alloy precursor powders to obtain the copper alloy composition in the form of a powder;
• the alloy precursor powders each have a particle size between 1 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m;
• the precursor materials are supplied in the form of solids, the step of combining the precursor materials comprising grinding of said solids;
• the step of combining the precursor materials comprises a step of melting a mixture of the precursor materials, and a step of atomizing under neutral gas the molten mixture in the form of powder particles to obtain the copper alloy composition in powder form.
• the invention also proposes a process for manufacturing a copper alloy part by additive manufacturing using a copper alloy composition as defined above.
• the process for manufacturing a copper alloy part comprises one or more of the following optional characteristics, taken individually or according to all technically possible combinations:
• the copper alloy composition is in the form of powder and the additive manufacturing is carried out by melting or sintering particles of the copper alloy composition in the form of powder, by means of a high density beam d energy, in particular a high energy density laser beam;
• additive manufacturing comprises the implementation, on the copper alloy composition, of at least one additive manufacturing technique chosen from among the laser projection technique, the selective laser melting technique, the selective sintering technique by laser, electron beam fusion;
• the process for manufacturing a copper alloy part comprises the supply of the copper alloy composition in powder form and the implementation of the following succession of steps (b) to (d):
• the method for manufacturing a copper alloy part further comprises, before step (b), a step (a) of depositing a layer of the copper alloy composition in powder form on a support, and in that step (b) of heating the part of the alloy composition in powder form is carried out by directing the high energy density beam onto a region of the composition layer d the deposited powder copper alloy forming said powder copper alloy composition part;
• steps (b) to (d) are implemented in a heated closed enclosure and/or under a protective atmosphere of an inert gas, in particular argon, the mass percentage of oxygen in said atmosphere being less than 10,000 ppm ;
• the step of supplying the alloy powder comprises the implementation of the process for manufacturing a copper alloy composition as defined above;
• Additive manufacturing comprises the implementation of a deposit of material in solid form from the copper alloy composition in solid form, in particular arc-wire additive manufacturing.
• the invention also proposes a copper alloy part obtained by a manufacturing process as defined above, said copper alloy having the mass composition Cuco m p(Al 2 O 3 )aZrbCrc in which, in mass percentage: 1 .5% ⁇ a ⁇ 5%, 0.01% ⁇ b ⁇ 5%, 0% ⁇ c ⁇ 5%, the balance being copper and unavoidable impurities.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an atomization device for the implementation of a process for manufacturing a copper alloy powder according to one embodiment
• FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an additive manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of a mechanical part.
• the copper alloy composition according to the invention has a composition by mass Cu C omp (Al 2 O3) aZrbCrc in which, in mass percentage: 1.5% ⁇ a ⁇ 5%, 0.01% ⁇ b ⁇ 5% , 0% ⁇ c ⁇ 5%, the balance (comp) being copper and unavoidable impurities.
• Aluminum oxide or alumina (Al 2 Os) generates precipitates which act as low-energy nucleation sites which promote the multiplication of copper seeds during the solidification of the copper alloy.
• the solidification rates are high and the presence of aluminum oxide with a content by weight greater than 1 .5% makes it possible to obtain a sufficiently large number of germinating precipitates so that the rapid movement of the solidification front does not precede the formation of new grains.
• Al 2 Os aluminum oxide or alumina
• the addition of aluminum oxide also improves the stability of the copper alloy at high temperatures, especially above 600°C.
• Zirconium forms thermally stable dispersoids which have the effect of anchoring the grain boundaries (so-called Zener Pinning effect) and therefore of refining the size of the grains while increasing the mechanical properties of the copper alloy.
• Zirconium does not exhibit good resistance to high temperature, but the inventors have identified that its addition to the copper alloy does however make it possible to improve the anti-recrystallizing power of the aluminum oxide.
• zirconium reduces the minimum amount of aluminum oxide needed to limit grain size. If very little zirconium is added, then the amount of aluminum oxide should be increased.
• Zirconium acts as a heterogeneous element which leads to the formation of a finer aluminum oxide distribution and limits the aluminum oxide coalescence mechanisms.
• zirconium therefore makes it possible to reduce the quantity of aluminum oxide necessary to refine the grain size.
• chromium makes it possible to form hardening precipitates which maximize the mechanical properties of the copper alloy at room temperature, i.e. around 20°C.
• chromium makes it possible to limit the quantity of aluminum oxide necessary to refine the grain size.
• the copper alloy composition is in the form of a powder or a solid, in particular in the form of a wire or a plate.
• this copper alloy powder has a particle size of less than 150 ⁇ m, for example less than 100 ⁇ m, and generally greater than one micron.
• the copper alloy composition is for example made from several precursor materials containing copper, aluminum oxide, zirconium and optionally chromium.
• the process for preparing the copper alloy composition includes, for example:
• the various precursor materials are chosen as a function of the final composition of the desired copper alloy composition, of course taking into account the dilution effect resulting from the mixing of the precursor materials.
• the precursor materials are for example supplied in the form of several powders, hereinafter referred to as alloy precursor powders.
• the precursor materials are provided as solids which are then ground into powders.
• the process for preparing the alloy powder thus comprises:
• alloy precursor powders comprising copper, aluminum oxide, zirconium and optionally chromium
• the contents of the various elements of the precursor powder are chosen according to the final composition of the desired alloy powder.
• the alloy precursor powders are combined by mechanical mixing, so as to obtain a homogeneous alloy powder with a particle size between 1 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m.
• the mechanical mixing is for example carried out by grinding and kneading.
• the alloy precursor powders are combined in a crucible then atomized, preferably under an inert gas atmosphere.
• the precursor materials are for example provided in the form of powder or pre-alloyed bars.
• the step of combining the precursor materials includes, for example:
• the molten mixture is sprayed into fine droplets thanks to a jet of gas under high pressure.
• the droplets then solidify as particles of copper alloy powder.
• the gas jet is for example a neutral gas jet, for example nitrogen, helium, argon or a mixture of several of these gases.
• This gaseous atomization device 1 comprises a melting chamber or autoclave 3, into which are introduced the alloy elements which are melted therein to produce a molten mixture, under a blanket of air or neutral gas, or else under vacuum. .
• the gas atomization device 1 further comprises an atomization chamber 5, an atomization nozzle 7 and a gas source 9.
• the atomization nozzle 7 is suitable for spraying the molten mixture from the melting chamber 3 in the form of fine droplets in the atomization enclosure 5 thanks to a high-pressure gas jet supplied by the gaseous source 9.
• the atomization chamber 5 comprises, in its lower part, a collection chamber 11 in which the particles of copper alloy powder resulting from the solidification of the droplets are collected.
• the gaseous source 9 is preferably fitted with a pump (not shown) capable of collecting the gas injected into the enclosure in order to reinject it via the atomization nozzle 7.
• the atomization enclosure 5 further comprises an annex collection chamber 13 intended for the collection of the powder particles entrained by the pump during the collection of the gas.
• the copper alloy powder according to the invention is used for the manufacture of parts by additive manufacturing, by melting or sintering particles of the copper alloy powder by means of a high energy beam.
• the high energy beam is for example a high energy density laser beam, for example developing a specific power of the order of 10 5 W/cm 2 .
• the additive manufacturing process uses, for example, a selective laser melting or sintering technique on a powder bed, or a laser projection technique.
• the implementation of the manufacturing process according to these techniques includes in all cases a step of supplying the copper alloy powder, and the implementation of the following successive steps (b) to (d):
• step (d) The cooling, during step (d), of the region of the alloy powder occurs for example as a consequence of the withdrawal during step (c) of the high energy density beam.
• step (d) the region of heated copper alloy powder solidifies to thereby form a layer of the part.
• Steps (b) to (d) can again be implemented iteratively to form successive layers of the part.
• Selective laser melting is an additive manufacturing technique for producing parts from copper alloy powder by selectively, i.e. locally, melting a region of a layer of copper powder. alloy deposited on a support.
• the technique of selective laser sintering differs from the technique of selective laser melting essentially in that the region of the layer of copper alloy powder is not brought to a temperature above the melting point, but sintered.
• the implementation of the manufacturing process by sintering or selective laser melting further comprises, before step (b) or before each step (b), a step (a) of depositing a layer of the powder of alloy on a support.
• the support is for example a manufacturing platform, or a layer of the part, of powder previously deposited or projected.
• the layer of copper alloy powder is thus for example deposited on the manufacturing platform, or on a layer of the part previously manufactured by implementing steps (a) to ( d).
• step (b) the laser beam is directed onto a region of the deposited copper alloy powder layer.
• the region of powder mentioned with reference to steps (b) and (d) then corresponds to the region of the layer of powder onto which the laser beam is directed.
• step (b) the region of the layer of copper alloy powder is brought to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of this alloy powder, to form a molten region.
• step (b) the region of the copper alloy powder layer is not brought to a temperature higher than the melting temperature, but sintered.
• the shape of the region on which the laser beam is directed which is not necessarily convex, corresponds to a layer of the manufactured part.
• the layer of powder deposited during step (a) thus comprises a melted or sintered region, and one or more regions of unmelted and unsintered powder.
• step (d) the molten or sintered region solidifies to thereby form a layer of the part.
• Steps (a) to (d) can again be implemented iteratively to form successive or adjacent layers of the part.
• each new layer of copper alloy powder can be deposited on the layer of powder deposited during the previous iteration, or away from this previous layer.
• the excess copper alloy powder corresponding to the unmelted portions of the layer of copper alloy powder, can then be recovered, either at the end of the manufacturing process, or at the end of each succession of steps (a) to (d), or even at the end of some of the successions of steps (a) to (d).
• an additive manufacturing device 15 comprising an enclosure 17 inside which are located a support 19 to receive successive layers of alloy powder for the manufacture of a part and a laser 21 for generating a laser beam 23 that can be steered so as to direct the laser beam 23 onto a region to be solidified of the last layer of powder 25 deposited to form a part 27 resulting from the superposition of the solidified regions of the superimposed layers.
• the laser projection technique or DMD for "Direct Metal Deposition” in English, consists of emitting a high energy density laser beam on a substrate while projecting alloy powder by means of a coaxial projection nozzle to the laser beam.
• the alloy powder is heated by the laser beam during its transport to the substrate and is deposited, in the form of molten alloy powder, on this substrate.
• the geometry of the part is obtained by moving on the one hand the substrate in a plane, and on the other hand the laser beam orthogonal to this plane.
• the part is then manufactured layer by layer from the design data of this part.
• step (b) the part of alloy powder is both heated and projected onto the support.
• Electron Beam Melting differs from Selective Laser Melting in that it uses a high-energy electron beam as a heat source to melt and merge the powder.
• step (b) the part of alloy powder is heated by an electron beam.
• additive manufacturing implements a manufacturing technique known as material deposition in solid form.
• the additive manufacturing is carried out using the copper alloy composition in "solid" form, as opposed to the composition of copper in the form of a powder which can flow.
• Additive manufacturing in this case is carried out, for example, from a wire made in the copper alloy composition, using an electric arc to melt the wire and deposit it in the desired place before it does not solidify again.
• the layering of threads makes it possible to create a three-dimensional structure or shape.
• the additive manufacturing is carried out by wire arc additive manufacturing (or WAAM for “Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing”).
• the manufacturing process according to the invention is preferably implemented in a closed enclosure, i.e. isolated from the external environment.
• the manufacturing process is preferably implemented in a closed enclosure under a protective atmosphere of an inert gas, the mass percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere being less than 10,000 ppm.
• This protective atmosphere makes it possible to avoid contamination of the part, in particular by oxygen which can lead to oxidation, during manufacture.
• the inert gas is for example argon, nitrogen, helium or another neutral gas, or a mixture of several of these gases.
• the enclosure and/or the manufacturing support can be heated in order to limit the residual stresses in the part and the deformations of the part during cooling.
• the part produced by such a manufacturing process has a composition corresponding to that of the alloy powder used.
• the copper alloy composition allows the manufacture, by an additive manufacturing process, of a part with satisfactory mechanical characteristics.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

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• 2021
  • 2021-09-15 FR FR2109686A patent/FR3126997A1/fr active Pending
• 2022
  • 2022-09-13 CN CN202280062077.4A patent/CN117999372A/zh active Pending
  • 2022-09-13 EP EP22786893.2A patent/EP4402296A1/de active Pending
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