EP4389449A1 - Personalisierbares sicherheitsdokument und verfahren zu seiner herstellung und personalisierung - Google Patents

Personalisierbares sicherheitsdokument und verfahren zu seiner herstellung und personalisierung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4389449A1
EP4389449A1 EP22315342.0A EP22315342A EP4389449A1 EP 4389449 A1 EP4389449 A1 EP 4389449A1 EP 22315342 A EP22315342 A EP 22315342A EP 4389449 A1 EP4389449 A1 EP 4389449A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laser
security document
engravable film
change
film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22315342.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Nipun Sharma
Manuel Alejandro FLORES FIGUEROA
Nathalie DESTOUCHES
Francis Vocanson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite Jean Monnet Saint Etienne
HID Global CID SAS
Original Assignee
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite Jean Monnet Saint Etienne
HID Global CID SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, Universite Jean Monnet Saint Etienne, HID Global CID SAS filed Critical Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Priority to EP22315342.0A priority Critical patent/EP4389449A1/de
Publication of EP4389449A1 publication Critical patent/EP4389449A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/405—Marking
    • B42D25/41—Marking using electromagnetic radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/23—Identity cards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373—Metallic materials

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to security features for security documents, in particular, personalizable security documents such as identification documents, driver's licenses and the like.
  • a laser engraved image is considered vital, as the image features are obtained inside a polycarbonate substrate rather than on the surface of the substrate.
  • a laser engraved feature in a polycarbonate substrate may include a black and white (in particular, grayscale) image, a color image, or other special features.
  • WO 2015/083099 A1 discloses a security structure comprising a layer containing a binder and goniochromatic metal particles inside the binder.
  • the present disclosure is directed, at least in part, to improving or overcoming one or more aspects of prior systems, without being limited to a particular type of security document.
  • a personalizable security documents comprises a substrate (i.e., a body) including a plurality of layers, and a laser-engravable film formed on a first layer of the plurality of layers.
  • the laser-engravable film includes metallic nanoparticles distributed in a matrix (i.e., a base material) of the laser-engravable film.
  • the laser-engravable film is configured to have an image laser-engraved in the same by varying one or more laser parameters of a laser.
  • the metallic nanoparticles are configured to exhibit at least one of a change in size (for example, growth), a change in shape (e.g., anisotropy), and a change in organization upon irradiation with laser light of a specific wavelength from the laser.
  • the at least one of a change in size, a change in shape, and a change in organization results in a color change of the laser-engravable film (in particular, the metallic nanoparticles) depending on the one or more laser parameters.
  • the laser-engravable film is included in a security feature formed in the substrate.
  • a method of manufacturing a personalizable security document comprises the steps of providing a first layer of a substrate of the security document, applying a laser-engravable film onto the first layer, the laser-engravable film including metallic nanoparticles distributed in a matrix of the laser-engravable film, the metallic nanoparticles being configured to exhibit at least one of a change in size, a change in shape, and a change in organization upon irradiation with laser light of a specific wavelength, providing at least one second layer of the substrate on top of the first layer having the laser-engravable film formed on the same, and combining the at least one second layer with the first layer to form the personalizable security document.
  • the present disclosure relates to a method of personalizing a security document, comprising the steps of providing a personalizable security document in accordance with the above aspect, and laser-engraving a personalized image in the laser-engravable film using a laser having the specific wavelength, by varying one or more laser parameters.
  • the one or more laser parameters may include, for example, laser speed, laser power, repetition rate, line spacing, polarization.
  • the personalized image is a color image that is formed using a known relation between the one or more laser parameters and a color of the laser-engravable film, in combination, for example, with techniques such as halftoning and/or gamut mapping.
  • the present disclosure is based at least in part on the realization that the development of security features has become fundamental for secure applications such as ID documents, passports, banknotes, driver's licenses, etc.
  • modern digital printers and scanners have become accessible to the general public and are capable of replicating high-quality documents.
  • developing anti-counterfeiting measures has gained immense attraction, and many different elements have been implemented to add an extra layer of protection.
  • Color laser printing for example, inside a polycarbonate substrate, is one solution to prevent counterfeiting.
  • one particularly secure way of printing a color image inside, for example, a polycarbonate substrate is to provide at least one thin inorganic film including metallic nanoparticles on one of the layers forming the substrate.
  • the metallic nanoparticles can be distributed in a film layer, for example, an inorganic film layer, or provided as a near coalescence metallic film on such a film layer.
  • both cases are referred to as the metallic nanoparticles being distributed in a matrix of a laser-engravable film, which is formed by the metallic nanoparticles and the material in or on which the metallic nanoparticles are provided. It will be appreciated that it is also contemplated to provide a plurality of such laser-engravable films stacked on top of each other.
  • the at least one film can be applied to the layer of the substrate via coating techniques such as a sol-gel process, physical or chemical vapor deposition, or other known methods to obtain at least one thin film with a thickness on the nanometer scale. Due to this, it becomes nearly impossible to replicate such a coating, in contrast to the dyes and inks that are used in conventional applications for forming laser images inside a polycarbonate substrate, where the thickness of said dyes and inks is in the micron range.
  • the film thicknesses of the one or more films are critical parameters that must be known within a few nanometers to obtain the desired effects.
  • a functional layer including metallic nanoparticles encapsulated in, for example, an inorganic film enables the production of color gamuts that is a result of the reshaping and self-organization of the nanoparticles, changes in local density, crystal phase, or film thickness.
  • the color change is obtained by bleaching, burning, or activation of wavelength-specific layers of an applied ink or coating.
  • the functional layer including the metallic nanoparticles can be activated by a single laser wavelength, which may lie inside the window of the plasmon resonance of the metallic nanoparticles.
  • the present disclosure is also based at least in part on the realization that the use of metallic nanoparticles may have the additional effect that said particles also exhibit a color-change effect when viewed under different modes of observation, for example, in transmission or in reflection, or under different observation angles.
  • this can be achieved in case the laser-engraving is provided in a clear window that extends through the substrate of the security document.
  • IR infrared
  • Fig. 1 shows a plan view of an exemplary personalizable security document 1 in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • security document 1 includes a substrate 4, for example, a polycarbonate or PVC substrate having a substantially rectangular shape.
  • document 1 includes a security feature 3 formed in substrate 4, for example, in the shape of a rectangular window in which one or more security elements can be provided.
  • security document 1 may be a personalizable security document.
  • personalizable security document indicates that the security document is intended to be processed further in order to personalize the same, i.e., include personalized information such as a portrait of the holder of the security document.
  • security document 1 includes a laser-engravable film 2, which will be described in more detail below.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of personalizable security document 1.
  • personalizable security document 1 comprises substrate 4 having first side S1 and a second side S2 opposite to first side S1 in a thickness direction d of substrate 4.
  • substrate 4 is formed by stacking a plurality of layers 5, 6 (for example, polycarbonate or PVC layers), and combining them in an appropriate manner, for example, by lamination processes or the like. This is known to the skilled person, such that a detailed description will be omitted herein.
  • security feature 3 includes laser-engravable film 2, which is formed on a first layer 6 of the plurality of layers.
  • Laser-engravable film 2 includes metallic nanoparticles 20 distributed (dispersed) in a base material (also referred to as "matrix") of laser-engravable film 2.
  • base material also referred to as "matrix”
  • laser-engravable film 2 may comprise an inorganic base material, for example, a titania-based material, a silica-titania-based material, or other metal oxides such as ZnO, that includes the metallic nanoparticles 20.
  • the metallic nanoparticles 20 may include at least one of Al, Ag, Cu and Au, and may have a size (in particular, an in-plane size) up to a few tens of nm prior to the personalization by irradiation with laser light.
  • a plurality of layers 6, each including laser-engravable film 2 may be provided and stacked on top of each other. This may allow for obtaining an increased contrast by forming the image in each of the films.
  • laser-engravable film 2 has a thickness of between 5 nm and 400 nm, preferably between 50 nm and 350 nm, more preferably between 80 nm and 200 nm. Further, laser-engravable film 2 may be applied onto first layer 6 by known coating techniques such as a sol-gel process, chemical or physical vapor deposition, spraying and/or other chemical or electrochemical techniques or other known methods. An exemplary method of manufacturing personalizable security document 1 will be described later.
  • Laser-engravable film 2 is configured to have an image 9 (see, for example, Fig. 4 ) laser engraved in the same by varying one or more laser parameters of a laser 7.
  • Metallic nanoparticles 20 are configured to exhibit at least one of a change in size (for example, growth) and a change in shape (e.g., anisotropy) upon irradiation with laser light of a specific wavelength from laser 7.
  • the at least one of a change in size and a change in shape results in (contributes to) a color change of laser-engravable film 2, depending on the one or more laser parameters.
  • the irradiation with laser light additionally results in a change in the optical properties of the host material (matrix), which may also affect (contribute to) the color change.
  • laser-engravable film 2 may form a functional layer comprising metallic nanoparticles 20 and inorganic material.
  • Metallic nanoparticles 20 are provided in a dielectric matrix of the inorganic film, for example, as a nanocomposite of TiO 2 and Ag particles.
  • laser-engravable film 2 includes small nanoparticles and ions, which are distributed in the inorganic matrix of the same.
  • metallic nanoparticles 20 may be formed as a near coalescence film on a film layer (matrix) of inorganic material.
  • laser-engravable film 2 is configured in such a manner that metallic nanoparticles 20 inside the inorganic matrix have a resonance frequency window (an absorption window), in particular, a plasmon resonance frequency window, at a specific wavelength range.
  • a specific laser wavelength inside this window can be used to irradiate laser-engravable film 2 using laser 7.
  • an excitation of metallic nanoparticles 20 inside the inorganic matrix occurs, which, in particular, generates heat inside the layer and thereby promotes the change in size (for example, growth), change in shape, and/or reorganization (for example, self-organization) of the nanoparticles.
  • the temperature rise inside laser-engravable film 2 may form a regular array, as shown in Fig. 18 .
  • the more the temperature rises the more the nanoparticles grow. It has been found that this change in the size of metallic nanoparticles 20 and/or the shape/arrangement of the same results in different observable colors (in some cases, together with changes in the host material), for example, when laser-engravable film 2 is viewed in reflection from first side S1 of substrate 4.
  • This property can be used to form different colors in laser-engravable film 2 by varying the parameters of laser 7, allowing for the formation of image features that represent, for example, a portrait of a holder of security document 1.
  • the relationship between the one or more laser parameters that are used to irradiate laser-engravable film 2 and the resulting colors may be non-trivial, and may not be known in advance. Therefore, in some embodiments, it is necessary to perform a calibration for a specific laser-engravable film 2, i.e., a specific combination of, for example, metallic nanoparticles 20 and inorganic material.
  • the one or more laser parameters of laser 7 may be continuously or stepwise varied to form a plurality of different images C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , ..., C 16 in a reference laser-engravable film 2.
  • the resulting colors in one or more observation modes can be measured in a known manner and stored in a memory in association with the corresponding laser parameters.
  • a color palette can be generated for a given laser-engravable film 2, which can be used to print a desired image using said palette.
  • the image to be printed may be a full color portrait of the holder of the document.
  • the color values of the input image can then be produced using the palette and, if necessary, known printing techniques such as halftoning and gamut mapping, depending on the number of available colors in the palette.
  • known printing techniques such as halftoning and gamut mapping
  • a given input image can be formed in laser-engravable film 2 by appropriately varying the one or more laser parameters of laser 7 to generate image 9, which is shown, for example, in Fig. 4 .
  • image 9 is a secondary image that corresponds to a primary image 8 that is printed on security document 1, for example, in a known manner.
  • image 9 may be an image that replicates the portrait of the holder of security document 1 that is formed as primary image 8 on security document 1.
  • the specific wavelength at which the metallic nanoparticles 20 are excited may be a wavelength in the visible range, for example, between 400 nm and 600 nm, or about 530 nm. This allows for using a readily available laser having a wavelength in the visible range in order to form image 9.
  • an IR laser wavelength for example, 1064 nm
  • first layer 6 is transparent at least in a region on which laser-engravable film 2 is formed.
  • the remaining layers for example, a second layer 5 provided on top of first layer 6, are also transparent at least in the region in which laser-engravable film 2 is formed, such that laser-engravable film 2 is visible from both sides S1 and S2 of substrate 4.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic plan view of personalized security document 1 with secondary image 9 formed in the above-described manner.
  • metallic nanoparticles 20 may exhibit an additional color-change effect, after formation of image 9, when substrate 4 is viewed under different observation conditions, for example, in transmission and reflection, or under different observation angles in transmission or reflection.
  • Such goniochromatic effects are known, and a detailed description will be omitted herein. However, it is important to emphasize that this goniochromatic effect is different from the above-described color change due to the excitation of the metallic nanoparticles 20 resulting in the change in size and/or change in shape of the same. If such a further goniochromatic effect is present, it can be seen, for example, in Fig.
  • second image 9a may be the portrait of the holder of security document 1 that has a different color when the observation angle is changed from the configuration shown in Fig. 4 to the configuration shown in Fig. 5 when document 1 is viewed from first side S1 under reflection.
  • second image 9a may also be obtained by changing the observation mode such that, for example, image 9 is viewed in reflection in Fig. 4 , and in transmission in Fig. 5 . This may also result in, for example, an observed color change.
  • Fig. 7 shows another embodiment in accordance with the present disclosure, which differs from the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 in that another first layer 10 is not transparent, but opaque.
  • first layer 10 may be a white, non-transparent polycarbonate layer.
  • laser-engravable film 2 may be used to form an image 12, which is not part of security feature 3.
  • image 12 can be formed inside substrate 4, such that image 12 can be protected from outside influences and/or from being tampered with.
  • laser-engravable film 2 is provided in an image region 11 for forming image 12.
  • Fig. 8 in the present embodiment, laser-engravable film 2 is provided in an image region 11 for forming image 12.
  • laser-engravable film 2 is again irradiated with laser light from laser 7 to form image 12, which can be observed from first side S1 of security document 1 as shown in Fig. 10 .
  • the above-described embodiments can be combined, i.e., two or more laser-engravable films may be provided, for example, one as part of security feature 3, and another one in imaging area 11 for forming image 12.
  • image 12 may only be visible from first side S 1 of substrate 4, and not from second side S2 of the same. Nevertheless, the above-described goniochromatic effect can also be present in image 12. In the same manner, the appearance of image 12 can also change depending on whether the same is viewed from first side S1 in reflection or in transmission.
  • Figs. 11 to 13 indicate other embodiments, where laser-engravable film 2 is configured such that, in particular, a plurality of images are visible as part of security feature 3 depending on different observation conditions.
  • a multiplexing of two images 9 and 9b may be possible, where first image 9 is visible under a first observation mode (for example, observation angle), and second image 9b is visible under a second observation mode (for example, observation angle).
  • first observation mode for example, observation angle
  • second image 9b is visible under a second observation mode (for example, observation angle).
  • the above-described calibration has to be performed in order to generate a multiplexed palette, i.e., by varying the laser parameters and measuring the two or more color values that can be observed in the two or more observation modes.
  • the additional steps of halftoning and/or gamut mapping also have to be adapted to the multiplexed palette.
  • image 9 or image 9b can be seen.
  • a cost-effective and secure solution for printing a color image, in particular, inside a polycarbonate substrate can be obtained.
  • a single wavelength laser preferably in the visible range
  • the use of a laser allows for obtaining a high quality, due to the high resolution that is offered by the laser process.
  • security can be further enhanced by selecting the properties of the metallic nanoparticles and the inorganic layer such that different images can be observed under different observation modes, and even multiplexing of images is possible.
  • first layer 6 of substrate 4 of security document 1 is provided.
  • laser-engravable film 2 is applied onto first layer 6, laser-engravable film 2 including metallic nanoparticles 20 distributed in the matrix of laser-engravable film 2 in the above-described manner.
  • metallic nanoparticles 20 are configured to exhibit at least one of a change in size (for example, growth), a change in shape, and a change in organization upon irradiation with laser light of a specific wavelength.
  • At least one second layer 5 of substrate 4 is provided on top of first layer 6 having laser-engravable film 2 formed on the same.
  • at least one second layer 5 is combined with first layer 6 to form personalizable security document 1.
  • additional layers either partially or fully transparent or opaque, can be added to first layer 6 and second layer 5 to obtain security document 1 (in particular, one or more protective layers can be added).
  • Substrate 4, i.e., personalizable security document 1 can be formed, for example, by laminating the plurality of layers in a known manner.
  • laser-engravable film 2 is applied onto first layer 6 using a coating technique such as a sol-gel process, chemical or physical vapor deposition, spraying and other chemical or electrochemical techniques, or other methods, which are known to the skilled person.
  • a coating technique such as a sol-gel process, chemical or physical vapor deposition, spraying and other chemical or electrochemical techniques, or other methods, which are known to the skilled person.
  • the further steps of curing and/or stabilizing laser-engravable film 2 by heating and/or UV treatment may be included.
  • a heat treatment at temperatures between 40°C and 120°C may be performed, and/or a UV treatment with wavelengths between 200 and 300 nm, for example, about 254 nm, can also be performed. This results in the stabilization of the functional layer including metallic nanoparticles 20 and the inorganic matrix including the same.
  • security document 1 After manufacturing personalizable security document 1 in the above manner, security document 1 can be personalized, for example, by performing the following steps.
  • An image 8 (or 9) is laser-engraved using laser 7 having the specific wavelength, by varying one or more laser parameters.
  • the laser parameters include, for example, laser speed, laser power, repetition rate, line spacing, polarization.
  • the above-described palette which is generated in advance, may be used.
  • the specific wavelength may be a wavelength in the visible range, for example, between 350 nm and 600 nm.
  • the wavelength may be 350 nm in case metallic nanoparticles 20 include Au, and it may be 530 nm in case metallic nanoparticles 20 include Ag.
  • the nanoparticles may exhibit, for example, the above-mentioned growth, such that after forming the image said nanoparticles may have a size, for example, an in-plane size, on the order of 100 nm, for example, up to 130 nm, in particular, between 20 and 80 nm.
  • the result of the above-described personalization is an image that is a color image, which is formed inside substrate 4 of security document 1 in the above-described manner.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
EP22315342.0A 2022-12-21 2022-12-21 Personalisierbares sicherheitsdokument und verfahren zu seiner herstellung und personalisierung Pending EP4389449A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22315342.0A EP4389449A1 (de) 2022-12-21 2022-12-21 Personalisierbares sicherheitsdokument und verfahren zu seiner herstellung und personalisierung

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EP22315342.0A EP4389449A1 (de) 2022-12-21 2022-12-21 Personalisierbares sicherheitsdokument und verfahren zu seiner herstellung und personalisierung

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EP4389449A1 true EP4389449A1 (de) 2024-06-26

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009140083A2 (en) * 2008-05-15 2009-11-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Generation of color images
WO2012162041A2 (en) * 2011-05-20 2012-11-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Laser-personalizable security articles
WO2015083099A1 (fr) 2013-12-03 2015-06-11 Arjowiggins Security Structure de securite
EP3842253A1 (de) * 2019-12-23 2021-06-30 HID Global Rastede GmbH Uv-härtbare und heisssiegelbare tinte

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009140083A2 (en) * 2008-05-15 2009-11-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Generation of color images
WO2012162041A2 (en) * 2011-05-20 2012-11-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Laser-personalizable security articles
WO2015083099A1 (fr) 2013-12-03 2015-06-11 Arjowiggins Security Structure de securite
EP3842253A1 (de) * 2019-12-23 2021-06-30 HID Global Rastede GmbH Uv-härtbare und heisssiegelbare tinte

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