EP4388617A2 - Stapel aus elektrochemischen einheiten - Google Patents
Stapel aus elektrochemischen einheitenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4388617A2 EP4388617A2 EP22747357.6A EP22747357A EP4388617A2 EP 4388617 A2 EP4388617 A2 EP 4388617A2 EP 22747357 A EP22747357 A EP 22747357A EP 4388617 A2 EP4388617 A2 EP 4388617A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bipolar plate
- latching
- bead
- contacting
- connection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04552—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stack of electrochemical units that follow one another along a stacking direction, each electrochemical unit comprising a bipolar plate.
- the electrochemical units can in particular be designed as fuel cell units, for example as PEM (polymer electrolyte membrane) fuel cell units.
- a challenge here is to compensate for both the manufacturing tolerances in the manufacture of the stack of electrochemical units and relative movements of the bipolar plates of the stack during operation of the electrochemical device.
- the present invention is based on the object of creating a stack of electrochemical units of the type mentioned at the outset, which can be electrically contacted in a safe, reliable and robust manner for continuous measurement of the electrical potentials of the bipolar plates of the stack.
- this object is achieved according to the invention in that several of the bipolar plates each comprise a connection element which protrudes over the lateral edges of the respective bipolar plate adjacent to the connection element in a contacting device, wherein the connection element has at least one latching element, with which a connection plug can be latched, and/or at least one contacting bead, with which a contact element of a connection plug can be brought into engagement in order to produce an electrically conductive contact between the bipolar plate and the respectively assigned contact element of the connection plug.
- the contact elements of the connector plug are preferably designed to be elastically deformable in order to be able to compensate for manufacturing tolerances of the stack of electrochemical units by elastically prestressing each contact element against a latching element or against a contacting bead of a connection element of a bipolar plate of the stack assigned to the respective contact element.
- the spring elasticity of the contact elements also compensates for relative movements of the bipolar plates of the stack during operation of the electrochemical device, which contains the stack of electrochemical units.
- the connecting element can be in the form of a tapping tab.
- the at least one latching element can be designed, for example, as a latching bead.
- a bead is understood to mean a structure produced on a sheet-like starting material by a forming process, which forms an elevation, for example in the form of a rib, on one side of the formed layer and a ridge on the opposite side of the formed layer forms a depression complementary to the elevation, for example in the form of a groove.
- a locking element designed as a locking bead can simultaneously assume the function of a contacting bead.
- connection element can simultaneously assume the function of a latching element formed as a latching bead.
- the bipolar plate has a multi-layer design.
- the bipolar plate comprises at least a first bipolar plate layer and a second bipolar plate layer.
- a latching element and/or a contact bead can be formed only in the first bipolar plate layer or only in the second bipolar plate layer.
- the respective other bipolar plate layer in which no latching element or no contact bead is formed, can be essentially planar in its area opposite the latching element or the contact bead of the respective other bipolar plate layer.
- first latching element and/or a first contacting bead is formed in the first bipolar plate layer and a second latching element and/or a second contacting bead is formed in the second bipolar plate layer.
- the first latching element and the second latching element can be configured to be essentially mirror-symmetrical to one another with respect to a central plane of the bipolar plate running perpendicularly to the stacking direction.
- first latching element and the second latching element are designed asymmetrically to one another with respect to a reflection on a central plane of the bipolar plate running perpendicularly to the stacking direction.
- the latching bead can have a first contact flank facing away from a main body of the bipolar plate and the second latching bead can have a second contact flank facing away from the main body of the bipolar plate, the first contact flank is inclined relative to the stacking direction by an angle a which is smaller than an angle a' by which the second approach flank is inclined relative to the stacking direction.
- At least one latching bead has a leading edge facing away from a main body of the bipolar plate and a trailing edge facing the main body of the bipolar plate, with the leading edge being inclined at an angle a with respect to the stacking direction, which is greater than an angle ß at which the Falling edge is inclined relative to the stacking direction.
- the trailing edge of the latching bead is steeper than the leading edge, which means that the contact element associated with the bipolar plate can be easily pushed onto the latching bead via the gently rising leading edge.
- the greater steepness of the falling flank means that the space required for the formation of the latching bead on the connection element of the bipolar plate is kept small.
- a steep descending flank on the latching bead is also advantageous if the contact element has a latching element on the contact element which engages behind the latching bead, since this makes it more difficult for such a latching element on the contact element to be unintentionally released from the latching bead.
- the first contacting bead and the second contacting bead can be configured to be essentially mirror-symmetrical to one another with respect to a central plane of the bipolar plate running perpendicularly to the stacking direction.
- first contacting bead and the second contacting bead are formed asymmetrically to one another with respect to a reflection on a central plane of the bipolar plate running perpendicularly to the stacking direction.
- the first contacting bead can have a first contact flank facing away from a main body of the bipolar plate and the second contacting bead can have a second contact flank facing away from the main body of the bipolar plate, the first contacting bead being inclined at an angle a with respect to the stacking direction, which angle is smaller than an angle a′, by which the second leading flank is inclined with respect to the stacking direction.
- At least one contacting bead has a starting flank facing away from a main body of the bipolar plate and a falling flank facing the main body of the bipolar plate, wherein the Leading edge is inclined relative to the stacking direction by an angle a, which is greater than an angle ß, by which the trailing edge is inclined relative to the stacking direction.
- the falling edge of the contacting bead is formed steeper than the approaching edge, which means that the contact element assigned to the bipolar plate can be pushed onto the contacting bead in a simple manner via the gently rising approaching edge.
- connection element of the bipolar plate Due to the greater steepness of the falling edge, the space requirement on the connection element of the bipolar plate required for the formation of the contacting bead is kept small.
- a steep descending flank on the contacting bead is advantageous if the contact element has a contact-element-side latching element which engages behind the contacting bead, since this makes it more difficult for such a contact-element-side latching element to unlatch.
- connection element has at least one stop bead, which is arranged on the side of a latching element or a contacting bead of the connection element that faces a main body of the bipolar plate.
- Such a stop bead can limit the path by which a contact element-side latching element arranged on the contact element can be pushed onto the connection element of the bipolar plate. This ensures that the connector plug is positioned as precisely as possible relative to the connector element of the bipolar plate along the contacting direction when the connector plug is in the installed state.
- the bipolar plate comprises at least a first bipolar plate layer and a second bipolar plate layer, it can be provided that a first stop bead is formed in the first bipolar plate layer and a second stop bead is formed in the second bipolar plate layer.
- the bipolar plate comprises a first bipolar plate layer and a second bipolar plate layer, with a first stop bead being formed in the first bipolar plate layer and a recess being formed on the second bipolar plate layer, with the recess of the second bipolar plate layer being in the first stop bead of the first Bipolar plate position engages.
- the latching depth can be increased in a space-neutral manner.
- the indentation of the second bipolar plate layer is designed to be essentially complementary to the first stop bead of the first bipolar plate layer.
- a latching mechanism can be provided, by means of which the connector plug can be latched to at least one connection element of a bipolar plate of the stack of electrochemical units.
- the connecting element has at least one latching bead and/or at least one latching notch, which is offset relative to the at least one contacting bead along an offset direction running parallel to a front edge of the connecting element and can be gripped behind by a latching element of the connector plug.
- Such a latching bead preferably extends along a longitudinal direction, which is aligned perpendicularly to a longitudinal direction, along which a contacting bead of the connection element extends, and/or perpendicularly to the stacking direction of the stack of electrochemical units.
- the latching bead of the connection element can preferably be latched with the latching element of the connection plug.
- connection element has at least one latching notch, which is offset relative to the at least one contacting bead along an offset direction running parallel to a front edge of the connection element and can be gripped behind by a latching element of the connection plug.
- Such a latching notch preferably extends along a longitudinal direction, which is aligned parallel to a longitudinal direction, along which a contacting bead of the connecting element extends, and/or perpendicular to the stacking direction of the stack of electrochemical units.
- the latching notch of the connection element can preferably be latched with the latching element of the connection plug. Provision can furthermore be made for the connection element to have a latching notch which extends along a longitudinal direction which runs parallel to a front edge of the connection element and which can be gripped behind by a latching element of the connection plug.
- Such a latching notch of the connection element can preferably be latched with a contact element of the connection plug.
- the connecting element comprises a latching projection, the latching projection projecting from a lateral edge of the connecting element in a projecting direction running parallel to a front edge of the connecting element.
- the lateral edge can extend essentially parallel to the contacting direction of the connection element.
- Such a latching projection can preferably be gripped from behind by a latching element of the connector plug.
- Such a latching element can be designed, for example, as a latching hook.
- Such a latching element can be fixed to a housing of the connector plug or can be formed in one piece with a housing part of the connector plug.
- connection element can furthermore be made for the connection element to have at least one latching recess for the purpose of latching the connector plug to at least one connection element of a bipolar plate of the stack of electrochemical units.
- a snap-in recess can in particular be designed as a snap-through opening which extends completely through the bipolar plate in the region of the connection element.
- a latching element of the connector plug can preferably be latched in such a latching recess.
- the connecting element has a region which can be displaced by a locking element of the connecting plug into an alternative recess in a housing of the connecting plug in order to lock the connecting plug on the connecting element.
- connection plug prevents the connection plug from moving away from the at least one connection element of a bipolar plate of the stack of electrochemical units.
- the at least one latching element of the connection element can be designed as a latching bead or as a latching notch.
- Such a latching notch preferably extends essentially parallel to a front edge of the connection element, which faces the connection plug when the electrochemical device is in the assembled state.
- the latching notch preferably comprises a bending line, along which the latching notch is integrally connected to a region of the connecting element adjoining the latching notch, and several, for example three, free edges along which the latching notch has been severed from the area of the connection element adjoining the latching notch.
- the separating out can have taken place, for example, by a punching process or by a cutting process, for example by a laser cutting process.
- the bending line preferably forms a delimitation of the latching notch facing the connection plug when the electrochemical device is in the assembled state.
- connection element is preferably formed in at least two layers and comprises a first connection element part and a second connection element part, which are connected to one another in a materially bonded manner.
- the first connection element part and the second connection element part can be connected to one another, for example, by welding, preferably by laser welding.
- connection element part and the second connection element part are preferably cohesively connected to one another in a region of the connection element which is not contacted by a contact element of the connection plug in the assembled state of the electrochemical device.
- a front edge of the first connection element part which faces the connection plug in the assembled state of the electrochemical device, is offset along the contacting direction with respect to a front edge of the second connection element part. Due to this offset of the front edges of the connecting element parts on the dem in the assembled state of the electrochemical device Connector end facing the connection element, the assembly of the connector plug on the stack of electrochemical units is facilitated.
- connection element parts of the connecting element are connected to one another with a material fit, the mechanical stability of the connecting element, in particular with regard to bending, is increased. This is particularly important when the bipolar plate layers have a small thickness and are made of a comparatively soft material, especially since the connection element must have a relatively large extent in the contacting direction in order to compensate for manufacturing tolerances of the stack and the required overlap of the connection element with the respectively associated contact element of the connector plug.
- the material thickness of the bipolar plate layers is at most 200 ⁇ m, in particular at most 100 ⁇ m.
- connection element by means of the integral connection between the connection element parts ensures that the electrically conductive contact between the connection plug and the connection elements of the stack is not lost even when exposed to shock forces and vibrations.
- the stack of electrochemical units according to the invention is particularly suitable for use as part of an electrochemical device which includes the stack and a connector plug which includes an electrically insulating housing and a plurality of electrically conductive contact elements.
- At least one contact element has at least two contacting arms which, when the connector plug is in the installed state, rest against a contacting bead of a connector element of the stack of electrochemical units.
- the two contacting arms rest against two opposite sides of the connection element when the connection plug is in the installed state.
- the two contacting arms rest against the same side of the connection element when the connection plug is in the installed state.
- a latching mechanism can be provided, by means of which the connector plug can be latched to at least one connection element of a bipolar plate of the stack of electrochemical units.
- the at least one contact element has at least one latching arm, which engages behind a contacting bead of the connection element when the connection plug is in the installed state.
- the at least one contact element has at least two latching arms which, when the connector plug is in the installed state, rest on two opposite sides of the connector element.
- one of the latching arms has a greater length than the other latching arm.
- both latching arms have essentially the same length.
- the at least two contacting arms bear against a first side of the connection element and the at least one latching arm bears on a second side of the connection element, which faces away from the first side of the connection element.
- the at least one latching arm is arranged centrally between two contacting arms of the contact element when viewed in the direction running parallel to the stacking direction.
- Each contact element can comprise a base part, from which at least one contacting arm and/or at least one latching arm of the contact element protrude.
- the at least one contacting arm and/or the at least one latching arm can be formed in one piece with the base part of the contact element.
- the entire contact element can be formed in one piece or be formed from several, for example two or more, separate parts.
- the contact element has at least two latching arms, with one latching arm and one contacting arm being arranged in pairs one above the other along the stacking direction when the connector plug is in the installed state.
- the connector plug comprises at least one latching element which engages behind a latching projection of the connector element in the assembled state of the connector plug.
- the latching projection preferably protrudes from a lateral edge of the connecting element in a protruding direction running parallel to a front edge of the connecting element.
- connection element can extend essentially parallel to the contacting direction of the connection element.
- Such a latching element can be designed, for example, as a latching hook.
- Such a latching element can be fixed to a housing of the connector plug or can be formed in one piece with a housing part of the connector plug. Furthermore, it can be provided that for the purpose of latching the connector plug to at least one connector element of a bipolar plate of the stack of electrochemical units, the connector plug comprises at least one latching element which is latched to a latching recess of the connector element when the connector plug is in the installed state.
- Such a snap-in recess can in particular be designed as a snap-through opening which extends completely through the bipolar plate in the region of the connection element.
- the latching element can be designed, for example, as a latching hook.
- the connector plug comprises at least one alternative recess and at least one locking element, by means of which a region of the connector element can be displaced into the alternative recess assigned to the locking element when the connector plug is in the installed state.
- connection plug prevents the connection plug from moving away from the at least one connection element of a bipolar plate of the stack of electrochemical units.
- the at least one locking element can be pushed into the housing of the connector plug in a direction essentially parallel to a longitudinal extension of the contacting bead of the locking element.
- the connector plug includes at least one latching element which, when the connector plug is in the installed state, engages behind a latching bead formed on the connector element.
- Such a latching bead can be offset relative to the at least one contacting bead of the connecting element along an offset direction running parallel to a front edge of the connecting element.
- Such a latching bead preferably extends along a longitudinal direction, which is aligned perpendicularly to a longitudinal direction, along which a contacting bead of the connection element extends, and/or perpendicularly to the stacking direction of the stack of electrochemical units.
- the latching bead of the connection element can preferably be latched with the latching element of the connection plug.
- the connector plug comprises at least two rows of contact elements, which each extend along the stacking direction when the connector plug is assembled and are offset relative to one another perpendicularly to the stacking direction.
- each row of contact elements to make electrically conductive contact with every nth of the bipolar plates that follow one another in the stacking direction when the connector plug is in the installed state, with n being equal to 2 or greater than 2.
- the stack comprises at least two rows of connection elements of the bipolar plates, which each extend along the stacking direction and are offset from one another perpendicularly to the stacking direction, the connection elements being directly on top of one another in the stacking direction subsequent bipolar plates are assigned to different rows of connection elements, in order to increase the distance between two connection elements that follow one another in such a row along the stacking direction.
- Such an offset of the connecting elements of bipolar plates that follow one another directly in the stacking direction can be achieved, for example, in that the bipolar plates that follow one another directly in the stacking direction are designed essentially identically to one another, but are rotated relative to one another by an angle of 180° about an axis of rotation parallel to the stacking direction .
- the height tolerances in the stack of electrochemical units and the setting behavior of the stack over its service life can also be compensated for when the cell pitch, i.e. the offset of bipolar plates that follow one another in the stacking direction, is very small, for example less than 1.5mm.
- the connector plug can preferably be unlatched by overcoming an unlatching force from the at least one latching element of the connecting element, in order to be able to carry out maintenance or repairs, for example.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an electrochemical device, which includes a (highly schematized) stack of electrochemical units that follow one another along a stacking direction and each include a bipolar plate, and a connector plug that includes an electrically insulating housing and a plurality of electrically conductive contact elements.
- each of the bipolar plates comprises a connection element designed as a connection lug, which protrudes over the respective connection element adjacent lateral edges of the respective bipolar plate in a contacting direction, and wherein the respective connection element has at least one bead, which serves as a latching bead, with which a respective associated contact element of the connector plug can be latched, and serves as a contacting bead with which the respectively associated contact element of the connector plug in an assembled state of the connector plug i n can be brought into engagement in order to produce an electrically conductive contact between the respective bipolar plate and the respectively associated contact element of the connector plug, with the viewing direction of a rear side of the connector plug facing away from the stack of electrochemical units;
- FIG. 2 shows a further perspective illustration of the electrochemical device from FIG. 1, looking in the direction of an underside of the connector plug, which reveals contacting arms of contact elements of the connector plug;
- FIG. 3 shows a plan view from above of the electrochemical device from FIGS. 1 and 2, looking in the direction of an upper side of the connector plug, which reveals latching arms of contact elements of the connector plug;
- Figure 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of the electrochemical device of Figures 1-3 taken along line 4-4 of Figure 3;
- FIG. 5 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of the electrochemical device of FIGS. 1-4 taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 3;
- FIGS. 1 to 5 shows a plan view from below of the electrochemical device from FIGS. 1 to 5, looking in the direction of an underside of the connector plug, which reveals contacting arms of contact elements of the connector plug;
- Fig. 7 is a side view of the electrochemical device of Figs. 1 to 6 looking towards a right side of the connector plug, along the direction of arrow 7 in Fig. 3;
- Fig. 8 is a side view of the electrochemical device of Figs. 1 to 7 looking towards a left side of the connector plug, along the direction of arrow 8 in Fig. 3;
- Fig. 9 is a side view of the electrochemical device of Figs. 1 to 8 looking towards a rear side of the connector plug, along the direction of arrow 9 in Fig. 3;
- Fig. 10 is a (highly schematized) perspective representation of the stack of electrochemical units of the electrochemical device from Figs Stacks of electrochemical units extend and are offset from one another in an offset direction directed perpendicularly to the stacking direction, the connection elements of in the Bipolar plates that follow one another in the stacking direction are assigned to different rows of connection elements in order to increase the distance between two connection elements that follow one another in such a row along the stacking direction;
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a bipolar plate of the stack of electrochemical devices of FIG. 10 looking toward an upper side of the bipolar plate;
- FIG. 12 shows a further perspective illustration of the bipolar plate from FIG. 11, looking in the direction of an underside of the bipolar plate;
- FIG. 13 is a top plan view of the bipolar plate of FIGS. 11 and 12;
- FIG. 14 shows an enlarged representation of the area I from FIG. 13;
- FIG. 15 shows a cross-section of a detail through the bipolar plate from FIGS. 11 to 14 in the area of a latching and contacting bead of the connecting element, along the line 15-15 in FIG. 14;
- FIG. 16 shows a sectional side view of the bipolar plate from FIGS. 11 to 15, looking in the direction of arrow 16 in FIG. 14;
- FIG. 17 shows a sectional front view of the bipolar plate from FIGS. 11 to 16, looking in the direction of the contacting direction, along the direction of arrow 17 in FIG. 14;
- FIG. 18 is a fragmentary plan view from below of the bipolar plate from FIGS. 11 to 17, looking in the direction of arrow 18 in FIG. 16;
- connection plug 19 shows a perspective representation of the connection plug of the electrochemical device from FIGS. 1 to 9, looking in the direction of a front side of the connection plug, at which contact element receptacles of the connection plug open;
- FIG. 20 shows a further perspective illustration of the connection plug from FIG. 19, looking in the direction of an underside of the connection plug, which shows contacting arms of contact elements of the connection plug;
- connection plug of the electrochemical device shows a further perspective illustration of the connection plug of the electrochemical device from FIGS. 19 and 20, looking in the direction of a rear side of the connection plug;
- FIG. 22 shows a plan view from above of the connector plug from FIGS. 19 to 21, looking in the direction of an upper side of the connector plug, which reveals latching arms of contact elements of the connector plug;
- FIG. 23 shows a plan view from below of the connector plug from FIGS. 19 to 22, looking in the direction of an underside of the connector plug, which reveals contacting arms of contact elements of the connector plug;
- Fig. 24 is a side view of the connector plug of Figs. 19 to 23 looking towards a left side of the connector plug, along the direction of arrow 24 in Fig. 22;
- Fig. 25 is a side view of the connector plug of Figs. 19 to 24, looking towards a right side of the connector plug, along the direction of arrow 25 in Fig. 22;
- Fig. 26 is a front view of the connector plug of Figs. 19 to 25 looking in the direction of arrow 26 in Fig. 22;
- FIGS. 19 shows a cross section through the connector plug from FIGS. 19 to
- FIGS. 28 shows a cross section through the connector plug from FIGS. 19 to
- Fig. 29 is a rear view of the connector plug of Figs. 19 to 28, looking towards a rear side of the connector plug, along the direction of arrow 29 in Fig. 22;
- FIGS. 19 to 29 shows a perspective representation of a rear part of the connector plug from FIGS. 19 to 29, with the contact elements of the connector plug arranged on this rear part;
- FIG. 31 shows a perspective view of one of the contact elements of the connector plug from FIGS. 19 to 30, looking in the direction of an underside of a latching arm and an underside of two contacting arms of the contact element;
- FIG. 32 shows a further perspective illustration of the contact element from FIG. 31, looking in the direction of an upper side of the latching arm and an upper side of the contacting arms of the contact element;
- Figure 33 is a bottom plan view of the contact element of Figures 31 and 32;
- Fig. 34 is a side view of the contact element of Figs. 31 to 33 looking in the direction of arrow 34 in Fig. 33;
- Fig. 35 is a front view of the contact element of Figs. 31 to 34 looking in the direction of arrow 35 in Fig. 33;
- Fig. 36 is a rear view of the contact element of Figs. 31 to 35 looking in the direction of arrow 36 in Fig. 33;
- FIG. 38 shows an enlarged view of region II from FIG. 37;
- FIG. 39 shows a front view of the connection element of the bipolar plate from FIG. 38, looking in the direction of arrow 39 in FIG. 38;
- FIG. 40 is a top plan view of a top portion of a contactor having a long latching arm and a short contacting arm;
- 41 is a top plan view of a base of a contact element having a short contacting arm and a long latching arm;
- connection element 42 shows a plan view of the connection element of a bipolar plate which is in engagement with a contact element of the type illustrated in FIGS. 40 and 41;
- 43 shows a cross-section of a detail through the connection element of the bipolar plate and the contact element of the connection plug from FIG. 42, along the line 43-43 in FIG the bipolar plate is formed;
- connection element 44 shows a cross-section of a detail corresponding to FIG. 43 through the connection element of the bipolar plate and the contact element of the connection plug, the connection element not being of mirror-symmetrical design in relation to a center plane of the bipolar plate oriented perpendicularly to the stacking direction of the stack of electrochemical units;
- connection element 45 shows a schematic plan view of a connection element of a bipolar plate, which has a contact bead which engages with a contact element of a connection plug, the connection plug comprising a latching element which, when the connection plug is in the installed state, engages behind a latching projection of the connection element of the bipolar plate;
- connection element 46 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the connection element of the bipolar plate and through the contact element and the locking element of the connection plug in FIG. 45, along the line 46-46 in FIG. 45;
- connection element 47 shows a schematic plan view of the connection element of a bipolar plate which has a contacting bead which engages with a contact element of the connection plug, and also has latching recesses, in each of which a latching element of the connector plug is latched;
- FIG. 48 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the connecting element, which has the contacting bead and the latching recesses, and the contact element of the connecting plug and the latching elements of the connecting plug from FIG. 47, along the line 48-48 in FIG. 47;
- Fig. 49 shows a schematic plan view of the connection element of a bipolar plate, which has a contacting bead that engages with a contact element of a connection plug, wherein a housing of the connection plug also includes several escape recesses and a corresponding number of locking elements, by means of which a region of a connection element in the installed state of the connector plug it can be pushed into the alternative recess assigned to the respective locking element, in a state before the connector plug is locked on the connector elements of the bipolar plates;
- Fig. 50 is a side view of several connection elements of bipolar plates, which follow one another in the stacking direction of the stack of electrochemical units, and of areas of the housing of the connector plug in which alternative recesses are arranged, looking in the direction of arrow 50 in Fig. 49, in a state before the connector plug is locked to the connector elements of the bipolar plates;
- connection element 51 shows a schematic plan view corresponding to FIG. 49 of the connection element of a bipolar plate, a contact element of the connection plug and a locking element of the connection plug, in a state after the connection plug has been locked on the connection elements of the bipolar plates, the locking element having been pushed into the housing of the connection plug in a direction parallel to a longitudinal extent of the contacting bead of the connection element, as a result of which a region of the connection element moves into an alternative recess in the connection plug that is assigned to the locking element in question has been ousted;
- Fig. 52 shows a schematic side view corresponding to Fig. 50 of the connection elements of two bipolar plates that follow one another in the stacking direction of the stack of electrochemical units and of the areas of the housing of the connection plug in which the alternative recesses are arranged, in the state in which the connection plug is connected to the connection elements of the bipolar plates is locked after the locking elements have been pushed into the housing of the connection plug in the direction parallel to the longitudinal extent of the contacting beads, as a result of which areas of the connection elements have been displaced in the respective adjacent alternative recesses;
- connection element 53 shows a schematic plan view of a connection element of a bipolar plate which has a contacting bead which engages with a contact element of the connection plug, the connection plug also comprising a latching element which, when the connection plug is in the installed state, engages behind a latching bead formed on the connection element;
- 54 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the contacting bead and the locking bead of the connecting element of the bipolar plate, through the contact element of the connecting plug and through the locking element of the connecting plug from FIG. 53, along the line 54-54 in FIG. 53;
- FIG. 55 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the latching bead of the connection element of the bipolar plate and through the latching element of the connection plug from FIG. 53, along the line 55-55 in FIG. 53;
- connection plug 56 shows a schematic plan view of a connection element of a bipolar plate which has a contact bead which engages with a contact element of the connection plug, the connection plug also comprising a latching element which, when the connection plug is in the installed state, engages behind a latching notch formed on the connection element;
- FIG. 57 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the contacting bead and the latching notch of the connection element of the bipolar plate, through the contact element of the connection plug and through the latching element of the connection plug from FIG. 56, along the line 57-57 in FIG. 56;
- FIG. 58 shows a schematic cross section through the latching notch of the connection element of the bipolar plate and through the latching element of the connection plug from FIG. 56, along the line 58-58 in FIG. 56; and 59 shows a perspective view of a latching element of a connection element of a bipolar plate, which is designed as a latching notch, the latching notch extending essentially parallel to a front edge of the connection element, which faces the connection plug in the assembled state of the connection plug.
- An electrochemical device shown in FIGS. 1 to 36 and denoted as a whole by 100 comprises a stack 102 of electrochemical units 104 which follow one another along a stacking direction 106 .
- the stacking direction 106 is also referred to below as the Z-direction of the electrochemical device 100 .
- the stack 102 can be designed, for example, as a fuel cell stack, in particular as a PEM (polymer electrolyte membrane) fuel cell stack.
- a fuel cell stack in particular as a PEM (polymer electrolyte membrane) fuel cell stack.
- Each of the electrochemical units 104 includes a bipolar plate 108 and other components 110, which are only shown schematically as a unit in the drawings.
- additional components 110 can in particular include an electrochemically active unit, for example a membrane electrode arrangement, gas diffusion layers and seals, for example elastomer seals.
- the further components 110 in each case electrically insulate two bipolar plates 108 that follow one another immediately in the stack 102 along the stacking direction 106 .
- each of the electrically conductive bipolar plates 108 is at an electrical potential which is different from the electrical potential of the adjacent bipolar plates 108.
- the electrochemical device 100 comprises a connector plug 112, which has an electrically insulating housing 114 and a plurality of electrically conductive contact elements 116 arranged in the housing includes.
- each of the bipolar plates 108 of the stack 102 comprises a connection element 118 which protrudes in a contacting direction 120 over the respective connection element 118 adjacent lateral edges 119, 119′ of the bipolar plate 108 .
- connection elements 118 of the bipolar plates 108 of the stack 102 form a plurality, for example two, rows 122 of connection elements 118, which extend along the stacking direction 106 or Z-direction and in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction 106 and offset direction 124 aligned perpendicularly to the contacting direction 120 are offset from one another.
- the offset direction 124 is also referred to below as the X-direction.
- the stack 102 of electrochemical units 104 comprises two rows 122a and 122b of connection elements 118a and connection elements 118b, respectively.
- connection elements 118 of the bipolar plates 108 following one another in the stacking direction 106 are alternately assigned to the left-hand row 122a of connection elements 118a and to the right-hand row 122b of connection elements 118b.
- each of n rows 122 of connection elements 118 is assigned to every nth connection element 118 of the bipolar plates 108 that follow one another in the stacking direction 106 , where n is equal to 2 or greater than 2.
- connection elements 118 arranged directly one above the other in the stacking direction 106 is increased to n times the distance that these connection elements 118 would have if the connection elements 118 were not distributed over a plurality of rows 122 of connection elements 118 .
- each bipolar plate 108 comprises a plurality of, for example two, bipolar plate layers, for example a first bipolar plate layer 127 and a second bipolar plate layer 129.
- the first bipolar plate layer 127 and the second bipolar plate layer 129 are connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner at joining lines (not shown) in order to form medium chambers and medium channels between them.
- the connecting element 118 of the bipolar plate 108 is preferably formed in two layers, with a first connecting element part 131 being formed in one piece with a main body 133 of the first bipolar plate layer 127 and a second connecting element part 135 being formed in one piece with a main body 137 of the second bipolar plate layer 129.
- a front edge 132 of the first connector part 131 which extends parallel to the offset direction 124 (X-direction), is opposite a front edge 134 of the second connector part 135, which also extends substantially parallel to the offset direction 124 (X-direction), offset along the contacting direction 120 (Y-direction), which facilitates the assembly of the connector plug 112 on the stack 102 of electrochemical units 104 .
- the front edge 132 of the first connection element part 131 is offset in relation to the front edge 134 of the second connection element part 135 towards the connection plug 112; In principle, however, it could also be provided that the front edge 132 of the first connector part 131 opposite the front edge 134 of the second connector part 135 is offset away from the connector plug 112 and towards the main body 133 of the first bipolar plate layer 127 .
- connection element 118 In order to increase the mechanical stability of the connection element 118, provision is preferably made for the first connection element part 131 and the second connection element part 135 to be connected to one another with a material bond, for example by welding along a welding line 143.
- the weld line 143 preferably runs outside the contact zone at which a contact element 116 of the connector plug 112 makes contact with the connector element 118 when the electrochemical device 100 is in the assembled state.
- the weld line 143 may have a substantially U-shape.
- Two lateral legs 143a, 143b of the weld line 143 can, for example, be essentially parallel to the contacting direction 120 (Y direction) and a web 143c of the weld line 143 connecting the two legs 143a, 143b to one another essentially parallel to the offset direction 124 (X direction ) get lost.
- the web 143c of the weld line 143 preferably runs through a region of the connection element 118 which faces the main body 133 of the first bipolar plate layer 127 and the main body 137 of the second bipolar plate layer 129 .
- the U-shaped weld line 143 is thus open towards the connector plug 112 (when the electrochemical device 100 is in the assembled state).
- the connection element 118 of the bipolar plate 108 has a contacting bead 136, with which a contact element 116 of the connection plug 112 assigned to the same can be brought into engagement in order to establish an electrically conductive contact between the bipolar plate 108 and the respectively assigned contact element 116 of the connection plug 112, which will be discussed later will be explained in more detail.
- the contacting bead 136 also serves as a latching element 139 of the connecting element 118 in the form of a latching bead 141 which can be latched with an associated contact element 116 of the connecting plug 112 .
- the contacting bead 136 and latching bead 141 extend along the offset direction 124 or X-direction of the bipolar plate 108.
- connection element 118 is the contacting bead
- latching bead 141 are only formed in one of the bipolar plate layers 127 and 129, for example in the first bipolar plate layer 127.
- the respective other bipolar plate layer in the case shown in the drawing the second bipolar plate layer 129 , can, on the other hand, be essentially planar in its region 138 opposite the contacting bead 136 and the latching bead 141 .
- the contacting bead 136 and latching bead 141 has a starting flank 142 facing away from the main body 140 of the bipolar plate 108 and a falling flank 144 facing the main body 140 of the bipolar plate 108 .
- a crest 146 of the contacting bead 136 and latching bead 141 is arranged between the leading edge 142 and the falling edge 144 of the contacting bead 136 .
- the approach flank 142 is inclined relative to the stacking direction 106 by an angle a, which is greater than an angle ß by which the descending flank 144 is inclined relative to the Stacking direction 106 is inclined.
- the angle a is preferably more than 45°, in particular more than 50°, particularly preferably more than 60°.
- angle a is preferably less than 85°, in particular less than 80°, particularly preferably less than 70°.
- the angle ⁇ is preferably more than 5°, in particular more than 10°, particularly preferably more than 20°.
- angle ⁇ is preferably less than 45°, in particular less than 40°, particularly preferably less than 30°.
- the first bipolar plate layer 127 may be an anode-side bipolar plate layer that delimits a flow field (not shown) for the anode gas of the electrochemical device 100 .
- the second bipolar plate layer 129 is then a cathode-side bipolar plate layer, which delimits a flow field (not shown) for the cathode gas of the electrochemical device 100 .
- the first bipolar plate layer 127 is a cathode-side bipolar plate layer, which delimits a flow field for a cathode gas of the electrochemical device 100
- the second bipolar plate layer 129 is an anode-side bipolar plate layer, which delimits a flow field for an anode gas of the electrochemical device 100 .
- FIGS. 1-10 One of the contact elements 116 of the connector plug 112, which come into engagement with the connector element 118 of a respective associated bipolar plate 108 when the connector plug 112 is in the installed state, is shown individually in FIGS.
- Each contact element 116 comprises a base part 148, from which a plurality of arms 150 protrude in the contacting direction 120.
- the contact element 116 comprises a latching arm 152, which is preferably arranged centrally on the base part 148 and which, when the connector plug 112 is in the installed state, engages behind the latching bead 141 of a connection element 118, assigned to the contact element 116, of a bipolar plate 108 of the stack 102 of electrochemical units 104 , as can be seen for example in the sectional view of FIG.
- a part of the latching arm 152 that engages behind the latching bead 141 when the connector plug 112 is in the installed state is designed as a latching tongue 154 .
- the latching tongue 154 is, for example, curved in an arc shape in cross section, with a convexly curved outer side 156 of the latching tongue 154 in the assembled state of the connector plug 112 on a between the main body
- connection element 118 rests.
- Contact element 116 also includes two contacting arms 160, which also protrude from base part 148 of contact element 116 in contacting direction 120 and, in this embodiment of a contact element 116, have essentially the same extension along contacting direction 120 as latching arm 152.
- the locking arm 152 is arranged between the two contacting arms 160, preferably centrally between the contacting arms 160.
- the contacting arms 160 end at a contacting area 162, which rests against the second bipolar plate layer 129 in the area of the connecting element 118 when the connecting plug 112 is in the installed state, which can be seen particularly clearly from the sectional view in FIG.
- the contacting area 162 can be curved in an arc shape, with a convexly curved outer side 164 of the contacting area 162 preferably being in electrically conductive contact with the connection element 118 when the connection plug 112 is in the installed state.
- the two contacting arms 160 of the contact element 116 thus rest on a first side of the connection element 118 of the respectively associated bipolar plate 108 when the connector plug 112 is in the installed state, while the latching arm 152 rests on a second side of the connection element 118 when the connector plug 112 is in the installed state, which first side of the connection element 118 faces away.
- connection element 118 of the bipolar plate 108 is clamped between the contacting arms 160 and the latching arm 152 of the contact element 116 when the contact element 116 is in engagement with the connection element 118 of the bipolar plate 108 .
- the latching arm 152 and the contacting arms 160 of the contact element 116 preferably have an elasticity which elastically prestresses the latching arm 152 or the contacting arms 160 in the assembled state of the connector plug 112 against the connector element 118 of the respectively associated bipolar plate 108 .
- the contact element 116 is preferably formed from a material having spring elasticity.
- the contact element 116 can be formed from a resilient metallic material.
- the contact element 116 also has one or more, for example two, connection pins 166 by means of which the contact element 116 can be fixed to the housing 114 of the connection plug 112 .
- the connection pins 166 each extend through a connection sleeve 168 of the housing 114, to which they are preferably connected in an electrically conductive manner.
- connection pins 166 preferably protrude from the base part 148 of the contact element 116 in a direction opposite to the latching arm 152 and the contacting arms 160 along the contacting direction 120 .
- the end regions of the base part 158 of the contact element 116 are designed as support elements 170, with which the contact element 116 is supported laterally when it is arranged in a contact element receptacle 170 of the connector plug 112.
- the connector plug 112 comprises a plurality of rows 172, two in the exemplary embodiment shown, of contact element receptacles 170, which when the connector plug 112 is in the assembled state extend along the stacking direction 106 and are offset from one another in the offset direction 124 running perpendicularly to the stacking direction 106 .
- the connector plug 112 also includes a plurality of rows 174, two in the exemplary embodiment shown, of contact elements 116 which, when the connector plug 112 is in the assembled state, each extend along the stacking direction 106 and are offset relative to one another in the offset direction 124 running perpendicular to the stacking direction 106.
- Each row 174a or 174b of contact elements 116 in the installed state of the connector plug 112 makes electrically conductive contact with every second bipolar plate 108 that follows one another in the stacking direction 106 of the stack 102 of electrochemical units 104 .
- each of n rows 174 of contact elements 116 makes electrically conductive contact with every nth of the bipolar plates 108 that follow one another in the stacking direction 106 when the connector plug 112 is in the installed state, with n being equal to 2 or greater than 2.
- the contact elements 116 are fixed to a rear part 176 of the housing 114 of the connector plug 112.
- FIG. 30 illustrates that the contact elements 116 are fixed to a rear part 176 of the housing 114 of the connector plug 112.
- This rear part 176 of the housing 114 includes electrical lines which connect the connection pins 166 of each contact element 116 to a respective contact pin 178 of a plug connection 180 which is formed on the rear part 176 of the housing 114 .
- a complementary plug-in connection of a connecting cable (not shown) can be connected to plug-in connection 180 of connection plug 112, by means of which an electrically conductive connection can be established between contact elements 116 of connection plug 112 and the inputs of a monitoring device (not shown) of electrochemical device 100.
- This monitoring device can form part of a control device of the electrochemical device 100 which controls the operation of the electrochemical device depending on the respectively determined electrical potentials or cell potentials of the bipolar plates 108 in the stack 102 of electrochemical units 104 .
- the rear part 176 of the housing 114 of the connector plug 112 is latched to a front part 186 of the housing 114 by means of a latching device 182, which can include one or more latching hooks 184, for example.
- the contact element receptacles 170 in which the contact elements 116 of the connector plug 112 are accommodated, are designed as passage openings in the front part 186 of the housing 114.
- the extent of the contact element receptacles 170 in the longitudinal direction 188 of the housing 114 of the connector plug 112, which is aligned parallel to the offset direction 124 (or X-direction) when the connector plug 112 is in the installed state, is greater than the extent of the connector elements 118 of the bipolar plates 108 of electrochemical device 100 along offset direction 124, in order to be able to compensate for manufacturing tolerances and positioning tolerances of connection elements 118 of bipolar plates 108 in stack 102 of electrochemical units 104, and also in the presence of such manufacturing and positioning tolerances, to easily connect connector plug 112 to connection elements 118 of the To be able to attach bipolar plates 108.
- the contact element receptacles 170, 170' open out on the front side of the housing 114 of the connector plug 112 at an insertion funnel 177, which tapers towards the interior of the respective contact element receptacle 170, 170' and has boundary surfaces inclined relative to the contacting direction 120 to prevent the connection elements from entering 118 of the bipolar plates 108 in the respectively associated contact element receptacles 170, 170'.
- the rear portion 176 and the front portion 186 of the housing 114 of the connector plug 112 are preferably formed of an electrically insulative plastic material.
- the rear part 176 and/or the front part 186 of the housing 114 of the connector plug 112 are preferably produced by an injection molding process.
- a second embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 illustrated in FIGS. 37 to 43 also comprises a stack 102 of electrochemical units 104 which follow one another along a stacking direction 106 .
- Each electrochemical unit 104 includes a bipolar plate 108, as shown in FIG.
- Each bipolar plate 108 comprises a connection element 118 which protrudes in a contacting direction 120 over the lateral edges 119, 119′ of the bipolar plate 108 adjacent to the connection element 118 .
- connection element 118 comprises a first contacting bead 136a, which extends in an offset direction 124 or X-direction.
- the first contact bead 136a also serves as a first latching element 139a of the connecting element 118 in the form of a first latching bead 141a, which can be latched with an associated contact element 116 of the connecting plug 112.
- the first contacting bead 136a and the first latching bead 141a are formed in one of the bipolar plate layers of the bipolar plate 108, for example in the first bipolar plate layer 127.
- the first contacting bead 136a and the first latching bead 141a are produced on the relevant bipolar plate layer 127 or 129, for example by a forming process, for example an embossing process or a deep-drawing process.
- FIGS. 38 and 39 Only the first bipolar plate layer 127 is shown in FIGS. 38 and 39, which is provided with the first contacting bead 136a and the first latching bead 141a.
- the second bipolar plate layer 129 can be provided with a second contacting bead 136b, which is mirror-symmetrical to the first contacting bead 136a in relation to a central plane 190 of the bipolar plate 108 running perpendicularly to the stacking direction 106 (see FIG. 43).
- the second contacting bead 136b also serves as a second latching element 139b of the connecting element 118 in the form of a second latching bead 141b, which can be latched with an associated contact element 116 of the connecting plug 112.
- Each of the contacting beads 136a, 136b and latching beads 141a, 141b has a leading edge 142 facing away from the main body 140 of the bipolar plate 108 and a trailing edge 144 facing the main body 140 of the bipolar plate 108 .
- a crest 146 of the contacting bead 136 and locking bead 141 is arranged between the leading edge 142 and the falling edge 144 of each contacting bead 136 and locking bead 141 .
- the angle a is preferably more than 45°, in particular more than 50°, particularly preferably more than 60°.
- angle a is preferably less than 85°, in particular less than 80°, particularly preferably less than 70°.
- the angle ⁇ is preferably more than 5°, in particular more than 10°, particularly preferably more than 20°. Furthermore, the angle ⁇ is preferably less than 45°, in particular less than 40°, particularly preferably less than 30°.
- connection element 118 of the bipolar plate 108 comprises two stop beads 192 in addition to the contacting beads 136 and latching beads 141 (see in particular FIGS. 38, 42 and 43).
- a first stop bead 192a is formed in the first bipolar plate layer 127 and a second stop bead 192b is formed in the second bipolar plate layer 129 .
- Each of the stop beads 192 can be formed, for example, by a forming process on the respective bipolar plate layer 127, 129, for example by an embossing process or a deep-drawing process.
- the first stop bead 192a and the second stop bead 192b can be formed essentially mirror-symmetrically to one another with respect to the center plane 190 of the bipolar plate 108 .
- Each of the stop beads 192 extends along the offset direction 124 or X-direction of the stack 102 of electrochemical devices 104.
- Each of the stop beads 192 has a first flank 194 facing the respectively assigned contacting bead 136a, 136b and latching bead 141a, 141b and a second flank 196 facing away from the respectively assigned contacting bead 136a, 136b and latching bead 141a, 141b.
- a crest 198 of the stop bead 192 is arranged between the first flank 194 and the second flank 196 of the stop bead 192 .
- the first flank 194 of the stop bead 192 is inclined by an angle ⁇ relative to the stacking direction 106
- the second flank 196 of the stop bead 192 is inclined by an angle ⁇ relative to the stacking direction 106 .
- the angle ⁇ is essentially the same size as the angle ⁇ .
- angles ⁇ and ⁇ are preferably essentially the same as or greater than the angle ⁇ by which the descending flanks 144 of the contacting beads 136a, 136b and latching beads 141a, 141b are inclined relative to the stacking direction 106, and/or essentially the same as or smaller than the angle a by which the leading flanks 142 of the contact beads 136a, 136b and locking beads 141a, 141b are inclined with respect to the stacking direction 106.
- the angle ⁇ and/or the angle ⁇ is preferably more than 5°, in particular more than 10°, particularly preferably more than 20°.
- angle ⁇ and/or the angle ⁇ is preferably less than 45°, in particular less than 40°, particularly preferably less than 30°.
- each contact element 116 of the connector plug 112 of the electrochemical device 100 comprises two parts, namely an upper part 200 shown in Fig. 40 and a lower part 202 shown in Fig. 41.
- the upper part 200 of the contact element 116 shown in FIG. 40 comprises a base part 148, from which an upper latching arm 152a and an upper contacting arm 160a protrude in the contacting direction 120.
- the upper part 200 of the contact element 116 comprises one or more connection pins 166, two in the exemplary embodiment shown, by means of which the upper part 200 of the contact element 116 can be fixed to a housing (not shown) of the connector plug 112 of the electrochemical device 100.
- the housing of the connector plug 112 also includes electrical lines in this embodiment, which connect the connector pins 166 to a respective plug connector of the housing.
- the lower part 202 of the contact element 116 shown in FIG. 41 comprises a lower contacting arm 160b and a lower latching arm 152b which protrude along the contacting device 120 from a base part 148 of the lower part 202 of the contact element 116.
- the lower part 202 of the contact element 116 includes one or more, two in the illustrated embodiment, connection pins 166, by means of which the lower part 202 of the contact element 116 on the housing of the connector plug 112 can be fixed.
- an upper part 200 and a lower part 202 of a contact element 116 are arranged and fixed in such a way that the upper latching arm 152a of the upper part 200 is arranged over the lower contacting arm 160b of the lower part 202 in the stacking direction 106 and the upper contacting arm 160a of the upper part 200 is arranged above the lower latching arm 152b of the lower part 202 of the contact element 116 in the stacking direction 106 .
- each of the latching arms 152a, 152b has a latching lug 204 at its free end, with which the relevant latching arm 152a, 152b, when the connector plug 112 is in the assembled state, the first latching bead 141a or the second latching bead 141b of the the connection element 118 assigned to the contact element 116 engages behind (see FIG. 43).
- the sliding movement of the locking arms 152a, 152b toward the main body 140 of the bipolar plate 108 is limited by the stop bead 192 assigned in each case.
- each latching arm 152a, 152b is therefore arranged in the area between the respectively associated latching bead 141a, 141b and the respectively associated stop bead 192 when the connector plug 112 is in the assembled state.
- the contact element 116 is thus latched to the respectively associated connection element 118 of a bipolar plate 108 by means of the latching arms 152a, 152b.
- the contacting arms 160a, 160b of the contact element 116 each end at a contacting region 162 which, when the connector plug 112 is in the installed state, rests against the respectively assigned contacting bead 136a or 136b.
- the contacting areas 162 of the contacting arms 160a, 160b are preferably in contact with the crest 146 of the associated contacting bead 136a, 136b.
- Each contacting area 162 can be curved in an arcuate manner, with a convexly curved outer side 164 of the contacting area 162 preferably bearing against the respectively associated contacting bead 136a, 136b when the connector plug 112 is in the installed state.
- the contacting beads 136a, 136b of the connector element 118 are clamped between the contacting arms 160a, 160b of the respectively associated contact element 116 of the connector plug 112.
- the upper part 200 and the lower part 202 of the contact element 116 are preferably formed from an electrically conductive material having spring elasticity.
- the second embodiment of an electrochemical device shown in FIGS. 37 to 43 corresponds to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 36 in terms of structure, function and manufacturing method, to the above description of which reference is made in this respect.
- a third embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 shown in FIG. 44 differs from the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 37 to 43 in that the first contacting bead 136a and first locking bead 141a and the second contacting bead 136b and second locking bead 141b are mirrored of the middle plane 190 of the bipolar plate 108 running perpendicularly to the stacking direction 106 are asymmetrical to one another.
- first depression 206a is formed in the first bipolar plate layer 127, which extends beyond the center plane 190 of the bipolar plate 108 to the second contacting bead 136b and second latching bead 141b, which is formed in the second bipolar plate layer 129, and preferably extends to the crest 146 and to the descending flank 144 of the second contacting bead 136b and second latching bead 141b fits snugly.
- the effective height of the first contacting bead 136a and the first latching bead 141a is increased compared to the second embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 described above.
- a second depression 206b is formed in the second bipolar plate layer 129, which is arranged between the second contacting bead 136b and the second latching bead 141b and the main body 140 of the bipolar plate 108.
- the second indentation 206b extends beyond the center plane 190 of the bipolar plate 108 into the stop bead 192a, which is formed in the first bipolar plate layer 127.
- the second depression 206b is preferably designed to be essentially complementary to the stop bead 192a.
- the depression 206b nestles against the first flank 194, the crest 198 and the second flank 196 of the stop bead 192a.
- the bead structure of the connection element 118 of the bipolar plate 108 is reinforced in this embodiment.
- the upper latching arm 152a engages in the first depression 206b of the first bipolar plate layer 127, while the lower latching arm 152b engages in the second depression 206b of the second bipolar plate layer 129.
- the positions of the latching lugs 204 of the upper latching arm 152a and the lower latching arm 152b are offset from one another along the contacting direction 120 or along the Y-direction.
- the latching arms 152a and 152b While in the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 37 to 43 the upper latching arm 152a and the lower latching arm 152b are essentially of the same length, the latching arms 152a and 152b have different lengths in this third embodiment.
- the lower latching arm 152b has a greater length than the upper latching arm 152a.
- the angle a by which the first contact flank 142a of the first contacting bead 136a and first latching bead 141a is inclined relative to the stacking direction 106, and the angle a' by which the second contacting flank 142b of the second contacting bead 136b and second latching bead 141b is inclined of the stacking direction 106 may be substantially equal or different from each other.
- the angle a is smaller than the angle a′, preferably by at least 5°.
- the third embodiment of an electrochemical device shown in FIG. 44 corresponds to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 37 to 43 in terms of structure, function and production method, to the above description of which reference is made in this regard.
- a fourth embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 shown in Figs. 45 and 46 differs from the second embodiment shown in Figs and the function of latching the connector plug 112 to the bipolar plate 108 on the other hand are separate from each other.
- each contact element 116 of the connector plug 112 has only contacting arms 160 and no latching arms 152 .
- the stop bead 192 on the connecting element 118 can therefore be omitted in this embodiment.
- the latching function is performed by a latching element 208, for example in the form of a latching hook 210, which engages behind a latching projection 212 of the connecting element 118 when the connector plug 112 is in the installed state.
- the latching projection 212 of the connection element 118 protrudes from a lateral edge 218 of the connection element 118 in a protrusion direction 216 running parallel to a front edge 214 of the connection element 118 .
- the protrusion direction 216 is preferably substantially parallel to the offset direction 124 or X-direction of the stack 102 of electrochemical devices 104.
- the latching element 208 is preferably formed from an electrically insulating material.
- the latching element 208 can be formed from a plastic material, for example from a polyamide material.
- the latching element 208 can be formed in one piece with the housing of the connector plug 112 .
- the latching element 208 can be formed, for example, in an injection molding process.
- each row 122 of connecting elements 118 carries the latching projections 212 on a side facing away from the respective other row 122 of connecting elements 118, so that the connecting elements 118 of different rows 122 of connecting elements 118 from opposite sides of one latching element each 208 of the connector plug 112 can be reached from behind when the connector plug 112 is mounted on the stack 102 of electrochemical units 104 .
- a relative movement between the connection elements 118 on the one hand and the connection plug 112 on the other hand is prevented along the offset direction 124 or X-direction of the stack 102 of electrochemical units 104, although each individual connection element 118 is only fitted on one of its lateral edges 218 with a latching element 208 in intervention.
- the contacting beads 136a, 136b of the connecting element 118 are clamped between the two upper contacting arms 160a and the two lower contacting arms 160b of the contact element 116 when the connecting plug 112 is attached to the stack 102 of electrochemical units 104 is mounted.
- the fourth embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 shown in FIGS. 45 and 46 corresponds to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 37 to 43 with regard to construction, function and manufacturing method, to whose above description reference is made in this respect.
- a fifth embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 shown in FIGS. 47 and 48 differs from the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 45 and 46 in that the latching between the connector plug 112 and the connecting elements 118 of the bipolar plates 108 is by means of one or more latching elements 220 takes place, which are locked in the assembled state of the connector plug 112 in each case a latching recess 222 of the respective connection element 118.
- each such snap-in recess 222 can be designed as a snap-through opening 224, which extends through the bipolar plate 108 in the area of the connecting element 118.
- a snap-through opening 224 extends completely through both the first bipolar plate layer 127 and the second bipolar plate layer 129 .
- Such a locking recess 222 can in particular be designed as a substantially circular hole.
- the diameter of such a latching recess 222 can be more than 1 mm and/or less than 3 mm, for example, and can be approximately 2 mm, for example.
- the latching recesses 222 are preferably arranged on the connecting element 118 in such a way that the contacting beads 136a, 136b of the connecting element 118 lie between the latching recesses 222.
- Each of the latching elements 220 can be designed as a latching arm 226 which is fixed to the housing 114 of the connector plug 112 or is designed in one piece with the housing 114 of the connector plug 112 .
- Such a latching arm includes a latching lug 228, which engages in the respectively associated latching recess 222 when the connector plug 112 is in the installed state, and a latching web 230, via which the latching lug 228 is connected to the housing 114 of the connector plug 112.
- FIGS. 47 and 48 corresponds to the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 45 and 46 with regard to structure, function and manufacturing method, to whose above description reference is made in this respect.
- a sixth embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 shown in FIGS. 49 to 52 differs from the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS Bipolar plates 108 of the stack 102 of electrochemical units 104 is locked.
- each of the terminals 118 includes a locking tab 230 that projects from a lateral edge 218 of the respective terminal 118 in the offset direction 124 or X-direction of the stack 102 of electrochemical devices 104 .
- the locking protrusions 230 of each row 122 of terminals 118 are stacked in the stacking direction 106 or Z-direction of the stack 102 of electrochemical devices 104 (see Figure 50).
- the locking projections 230 of each connector element 118 are arranged between two locking areas 232 of the housing 114 of the connector plug 112, with a first locking area 232a viewed in the stacking direction 106 below the locking projection 230 is arranged and a second locking area 232b is arranged above the locking projection 230 as viewed in the stacking direction 106 .
- connection plug 112 comprises for each connection element 118 a locking element 238 assigned to the same, which can be designed, for example, as a substantially cylindrical locking bolt 240 .
- the locking elements 238 are each pushed along the offset direction 124 or X-direction of the stack 102 of electrochemical units 104 between one of the locking areas 232, for example the second locking area 232b, of the housing 114 of the connecting plug 112 on the one hand and a locking projection 230 of a connecting element 118 of a bipolar plate 108 on the other are pushed in, as a result of which a region 242 of the relevant connecting element 118 is pushed into the alternative recess 234 of the respective other locking region 232, for example the first locking region 232a, of the housing 114 of the connecting plug 112 is displaced into it.
- FIG. 51 This locked state is shown in FIGS. 51 and 52.
- FIGS. 49 to 52 corresponds to the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 45 and 46 in terms of structure, function and manufacturing method, to the above description of which reference is made in this respect.
- a seventh embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 shown in FIGS. 53 to 55 differs from the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 45 and 46 in that the latching element 208 of the connecting plug 112 does not engage a rear edge of a latching projection 212 of a connecting element 118 , but in the assembled state of the connector plug 112 engages behind a locking bead 244 formed on the connector element 118 .
- a first latching bead 244a is preferably formed in the first bipolar plate layer 127 and a second latching bead 244b is formed in the second bipolar plate layer 129.
- Each locking bead 244 is preferably produced by reshaping the respective bipolar plate layer 127, 129, for example by an embossing process or a deep-drawing process.
- Each latching bead 244 preferably extends along a longitudinal direction, which is oriented essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the contacting beads 136 of the connecting element 118 and/or perpendicular to the stacking direction 106 of the stack 102 of electrochemical units.
- Each latching bead 244 thus preferably extends along the contacting direction 120 or the Y-direction of the stack 102 of electrochemical units 104.
- the first latching bead 244a and the second latching bead 244b can be configured to be substantially mirror-symmetrical to one another with respect to the center plane 190 of the bipolar plate 108 .
- the seventh embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 shown in FIGS. 53 to 55 corresponds to the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 45 and 46 with regard to construction, function and manufacturing method, to the above description of which reference is made in this respect.
- An eighth embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 shown in Figs. 56 to 58 differs from the seventh embodiment shown in Figs. 53 to 55 in that the latching element 208 of the connector plug 112 when the connector plug 112 is in the assembled state formed latching bead 244 engages behind, but instead a latching notch 246 formed on the connection element 118.
- a first latching notch 246a is preferably formed in the first bipolar plate layer 127 and a second latching notch 246b is formed in the second bipolar plate layer 129 .
- Each latching notch 246 is produced by the latching notch 246 being separated from the respective bipolar plate layer 127 or 129 at a plurality of, for example three, free edges 250, for example by a stamping process or a cutting process, preferably a laser cutting process, and then along a bending line 252 from the Level of the affected bipolar plate layer 127 or 129 is bent or folded out.
- Each latching notch 246 is thus integrally connected to the respective bipolar plate layer 127 or 129 at the respective bending line 252 .
- the bend line 252 preferably runs parallel to the offset direction 124 (X-direction).
- a free edge 250c connecting the two free edges 250a and 250b to one another preferably runs essentially parallel to the bending line 252 of the latching notch 246 and/or essentially parallel to the offset direction 124 (X-direction).
- the latching element 208 of the connector plug 112 rests against the free edges 250c of the latching notches 246a and 246b of the connector element 118 (see FIG. 58).
- the eighth embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 shown in FIGS. 56 to 58 corresponds to the seventh embodiment shown in FIGS. 53 to 55 in terms of structure, function and manufacturing method, to the above description of which reference is made in this respect.
- a ninth embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 shown in FIG. 59 differs from the first embodiment shown in FIGS.
- the latching element 139 is only formed in one of the bipolar plate layers 127 and 129 , for example in the second bipolar plate layer 129 .
- the structure and method of manufacture of such a latching notch 246 have been described above in connection with the eighth embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 illustrated in FIGS. 56 to 58.
- the latching arm 152 of the contact element 116 which is associated with the connection element 118 of the bipolar plate 108 of the stack 102 of electrochemical units 104, engages behind the latching notch 246 in such a way that the latching tongue 154 of the latching arm 152 rests against the free edge 250c of the latching notch 246.
- the ninth embodiment of an electrochemical device 100 shown in FIG. 59 corresponds to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 36 in terms of structure, function and production method, to the above description of which reference is made in this respect.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021121354.1A DE102021121354A1 (de) | 2021-08-17 | 2021-08-17 | Stapel aus elektrochemischen Einheiten |
| PCT/EP2022/071351 WO2023020810A2 (de) | 2021-08-17 | 2022-07-29 | Stapel aus elektrochemischen einheiten |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4388617A2 true EP4388617A2 (de) | 2024-06-26 |
Family
ID=82701855
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22747357.6A Pending EP4388617A2 (de) | 2021-08-17 | 2022-07-29 | Stapel aus elektrochemischen einheiten |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240186537A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4388617A2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN117882251A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021121354A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023020810A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202023104663U1 (de) * | 2023-08-17 | 2024-11-22 | Weidmüller Interface GmbH & Co. KG | Steckverbinder und Anordnung umfassend einen Steckverbinder und eine Stapelplatte eines Elektrolyseurs |
| DE102024112188A1 (de) * | 2024-04-30 | 2025-10-30 | Ekpo Fuel Cell Technologies Gmbh | Elektrochemische Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer elektrochemischen Vorrichtung |
| FR3162557A1 (fr) * | 2024-05-22 | 2025-11-28 | Safran Power Units | Connecteurs de mesure de tension de cellules d'une pile à combustible |
| FR3166246A1 (fr) * | 2024-09-10 | 2026-03-13 | Inocel Development | Pile à combustible pourvue de moyens de connexion configurées pour assurer le suivi des cellules élémentaires formant ladite pile à combustible |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4708101B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-05 | 2011-06-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池セル電圧検出構造 |
| JP5272334B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-20 | 2013-08-28 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池スタックにおけるセル電圧検出コネクタの接続構造 |
| JP2009187677A (ja) * | 2008-02-01 | 2009-08-20 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池におけるコネクタ接続方法およびセル電圧測定用コネクタ |
| WO2011132216A1 (ja) * | 2010-04-20 | 2011-10-27 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池のセル電圧計測用の端子装置 |
| JP2014170667A (ja) * | 2013-03-04 | 2014-09-18 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池 |
| DE102015008265A1 (de) | 2015-06-26 | 2016-01-28 | Daimler Ag | Anordnung zur elektrischen Kontaktierung zumindest einer Brennstoffzelle, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Brennstoffzellenanordnung |
-
2021
- 2021-08-17 DE DE102021121354.1A patent/DE102021121354A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-07-29 WO PCT/EP2022/071351 patent/WO2023020810A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-07-29 CN CN202280054654.5A patent/CN117882251A/zh active Pending
- 2022-07-29 EP EP22747357.6A patent/EP4388617A2/de active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-02-15 US US18/442,956 patent/US20240186537A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN117882251A (zh) | 2024-04-12 |
| US20240186537A1 (en) | 2024-06-06 |
| WO2023020810A2 (de) | 2023-02-23 |
| WO2023020810A3 (de) | 2023-04-06 |
| DE102021121354A1 (de) | 2023-02-23 |
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