EP4388292A1

EP4388292A1 - Method, electronic device and computer readable storage medium for monitoring gas pressure

Info

Publication number: EP4388292A1
Application number: EP21953686.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Lusha ZENG; Wei Zheng; Guoming CHUAI; Rui AI; Yanguo CHEN
Original assignee: ABB Schweiz AG
Current assignee: ABB Schweiz AG
Priority date: 2021-08-17
Filing date: 2021-08-17
Publication date: 2024-06-26
Also published as: EP4388292A4; WO2023019435A1; CN117460940A

Abstract

According to implementations of the subject matter described herein, there is provided a method, an electronic device and computer readable storage medium for monitoring gas pressure. The method comprises: determining a first reference measurement from a set of historical measurements of gas pressure inside a hermetic container; in response to a determination that a current gas pressure measurement is below the first reference measurement by a first threshold, determining a first variation trend of a gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and determining, based on the first variation trend, an expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the current gas pressure measurement to a threshold pressure. Information about when the gas pressure will drop to the threshold pressure can be provided.

Description

METHOD, ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND COMPUTER READABLE STORAGE MEDIUM FOR MONITORING GAS PRESSURE

FIELD

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to gas-insulated switchgear, GIS, and more particularly, to a method for monitoring gas pressure in the GIS.

BACKGROUND

Gas insulated switchgears, GIS, are widely used. The GIS comprises a breaker, a disconnector, an earthing switch and so on arranged in a hermetic container filled with an insulation gas.
The insulation gas, such as SF6, causes the gas insulated switchgears to possess excellent insulating property and arc extinguishing property. In order to maintain these properties, it is essential to keep the gas pressure in the hermetic container above a threshold pressure. In addition, for the purpose of monitoring the condition of the switchgear and informing a user to get ready for maintenance, it is meaningful to monitor the gas pressure in the hermetic container and determine an expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from a current gas pressure to the threshold pressure. Accordingly, there is a need for an approach for monitoring gas pressure in the GIS.
SUMMARY
According to implementations of the subject matter described herein, there is provided a method for monitoring gas pressure in the GIS.
In a first aspect, there is provided a method for monitoring gas pressure. The method comprises: determining a first reference measurement from a set of historical measurements of gas pressure inside a hermetic container; in response to a determination that a current gas pressure measurement is below the first reference measurement by a first threshold, determining a first variation trend of a gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and determining, based on the first variation trend, an expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the current gas pressure measurement to a threshold pressure.
In some embodiments, the first reference measurement is selected as an initial gas pressure of the hermetic container.
In some embodiments, determining the first variation trend comprises: determining a first gas pressure difference between the current gas pressure measurement and the first reference measurement; determining a first time difference between acquisition of the first reference measurement and the current gas pressure measurement; and determining the first variation trend based on the first gas pressure difference and the first time difference.
In some embodiments, the method further comprising: determining a second reference measurement from the set of historical measurements, the second reference measurement being smaller than and proportional to the first reference measurement; in response to a determination that a subsequent gas pressure measurement is below the second reference measurement by the first threshold, determining a second variation trend of the gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and determining, based on the second variation trend, the expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the subsequent gas pressure measurement to the threshold pressure.
In some embodiments, determining the second variation trend comprises: determining a second gas pressure difference between the subsequent gas pressure measurement and the second reference measurement; determining a second time difference between acquisition of the second reference measurement and the subsequent gas pressure measurement; and determining the second variation trend based on the second gas pressure difference and the second time difference.
In some embodiments, each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements is determined based on a series of gas pressure measured during a regular interval.
In some embodiments, each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements corresponds to a respective measurement time, wherein determining the first variation trend comprises: obtaining a third reference measurement from the set of historical measurements, the third reference measurement being smaller than the first reference measurement; determining the first variation trend based on gas pressure measurements obtained during a time period, the time period starting from a first measurement time corresponding to the third reference measurement and ending at a second measurement time corresponding to the current gas pressure measurement; and determining, based on the first variation trend and the threshold pressure, the expected time duration.
In some embodiments, the first variation trend is determined based on the least square method.
In some embodiments, each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements is smoothed based on a group of historical gas pressure measurements obtained previously.
In a second aspect, there is provided an electronic device. The electronic device comprises: at least one processing unit; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processing unit and storing instructions executable by the at least one processing unit, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processing unit, causing the device to perform acts comprising: determining a first reference measurement from a set of historical measurements of gas pressure inside a hermetic container; in response to a determination that a current gas pressure measurement is below the first reference measurement by a first threshold, determining a first variation trend of a gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and determining, based on the first variation trend, an expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the current gas pressure measurement to a threshold pressure.
In some embodiments, the first reference measurement is selected as an initial gas pressure of the hermetic container.
In some embodiments, determining the first variation trend comprises: determining a first gas pressure difference between the current gas pressure measurement and the first reference measurement; determining a first time difference between acquisition of the first reference measurement and the current gas pressure measurement; and determining the first variation trend based on the first gas pressure difference and the first time difference.
In some embodiments, the acts further comprising: determining a second reference measurement from the set of historical measurements, the second reference measurement being smaller than and proportional to the first reference measurement; in response to a determination that a subsequent gas pressure measurement is below the second reference measurement by the first threshold, determining a second variation trend of the gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and determining, based on the second variation trend, the expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the subsequent gas pressure measurement to the threshold pressure.
In some embodiments, determining the second variation trend comprises: determining a second gas pressure difference between the subsequent gas pressure measurement and the second reference measurement; determining a second time difference between acquisition of the second reference measurement and the subsequent gas pressure measurement; and determining the second variation trend based on the second gas pressure difference and the second time difference.
In some embodiments, each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements is determined based on a series of gas pressure measured during a regular interval.
In some embodiments, each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements corresponds to a respective measurement time, wherein determining the first variation trend comprises: obtaining a third reference measurement from the set of historical measurements, the third reference measurement being smaller than the first reference measurement; determining the first variation trend based on gas pressure measurements obtained during a time period, the time period starting from a first measurement time corresponding to the third reference measurement and ending at a second measurement time corresponding to the current gas pressure measurement; and determining, based on the first variation trend and the threshold pressure, the expected time duration.
In some embodiments, the first variation trend is determined based on the least square method.
In some embodiments, each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements is smoothed based on a group of historical gas pressure measurements obtained previously.
In a third aspect, there is provided a computer readable storage medium. The computer readable storage medium has computer readable program instructions stored thereon which, when executed by a processing unit, cause the processing unit to perform acts comprising: determining a first reference measurement from a set of historical measurements of gas pressure inside a hermetic container; in response to a determination that a current gas pressure measurement is below the first reference measurement by a first threshold, determining a first variation trend of a gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and determining, based on the first variation trend, an expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the current gas pressure measurement to a threshold pressure.
In some embodiments, the first reference measurement is selected as an initial gas pressure of the hermetic container.
In some embodiments, determining the first variation trend comprises: determining a first gas pressure difference between the current gas pressure measurement and the first reference measurement; determining a first time difference between acquisition of the first reference measurement and the current gas pressure measurement; and determining the first variation trend based on the first gas pressure difference and the first time difference.
In some embodiments, the acts further comprising: determining a second reference measurement from the set of historical measurements, the second reference measurement being smaller than and proportional to the first reference measurement; in response to a determination that a subsequent gas pressure measurement is below the second reference measurement by the first threshold, determining a second variation trend of the gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and determining, based on the second variation trend, the expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the subsequent gas pressure measurement to the threshold pressure.
In some embodiments, determining the second variation trend comprises: determining a second gas pressure difference between the subsequent gas pressure measurement and the second reference measurement; determining a second time difference between acquisition of the second reference measurement and the subsequent gas pressure measurement; and determining the second variation trend based on the second gas pressure difference and the second time difference.
In some embodiments, each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements is determined based on a series of gas pressure measured during a regular interval.
In some embodiments, each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements corresponds to a respective measurement time, wherein determining the first variation trend comprises: obtaining a third reference measurement from the set of historical measurements, the third reference measurement being smaller than the first reference measurement; determining the first variation trend based on gas pressure measurements obtained during a time period, the time period starting from a first measurement time corresponding to the third reference measurement and ending at a second measurement time corresponding to the current gas pressure measurement; and determining, based on the first variation trend and the threshold pressure, the expected time duration.
In some embodiments, the first variation trend is determined based on the least square method.
In some embodiments, each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements is smoothed based on a group of historical gas pressure measurements obtained previously.
The Summary introduces a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. The Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the subject matter described herein, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the subject matter described herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Through the more detailed description of some embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates an example environment in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented;
Fig. 2 illustrates an example characteristic diagram of the gas pressure measurements over time;
Fig. 3 illustrates a flowchart of an example process for monitoring gas pressure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
Fig. 4 illustrates a flowchart of an example process for monitoring gas pressure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
Fig. 5 illustrates a flowchart of an example process for monitoring gas pressure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
Fig. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an example computing system/device suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference symbols refer to the same or similar elements.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF IMPLEMENTATIONS
Principles of the subject matter described herein will now be described with reference to some example implementations. It should be understood that these implementations are described only for the purpose of illustration and to help those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the subject matter described herein, without suggesting any limitations to the scope of the subject matter disclosed herein.
As used herein, the term “based on” is to be read as “based at least in part on. ” The terms “an implementation” and “one implementation” are to be read as “at least one implementation. ” The term “another implementation” is to be read as “at least one other implementation. ” The term “first, ” “second, ” and the like may refer to different or the same objects. Other definitions, either explicit or implicit, may be included below.
It should be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and/or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and/or components, etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and/or combinations thereof.
For the purpose of monitoring the condition of the gas insulated switchgear and informing a user to get ready for maintenance, it is meaningful to monitor the gas pressure and determine an expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from a current gas pressure measurement to a threshold pressure.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for monitoring gas pressure and a gas insulated switchgear. The method can determine the expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the current gas pressure measurement to the threshold pressure and then inform the user to get ready for maintenance, such as a gas replenishment. The threshold pressure is a pressure below which a malfunction will occur.
Fig. 1 illustrates an example environment in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. Gas insulated switchgears, GIS, comprise a hermetic container 1 filled with insulated gas, such as SF6 or N2. A breaker, a disconnector and an earthing switch (not shown) may be positioned inside the hermetic container 1. The GIS may further comprise at least one of an electronic device 3 and a display device 4.
The gas pressure inside the hermetic container 1 may fluctuate due to the temperature inside and outside the hermetic container 1. In order to remove the influence of the temperature on the measurements of the gas pressure, the sensor 2 may convert the sensed gas pressure to an equivalent gas pressure at a predetermined temperature of 20℃. The sensor 2 may send the converted equivalent gas pressure to the electronic device 3 for determining when the gas pressure will drop to the threshold pressure.
In some embodiments, the sensor 2 may measure the gas pressure periodically. For example, the sensor 2 may measure the gas pressure at every sampling interval, such as every minute, every half an hour, every hour, or any other sampling interval.
The electronic device 3 may receive the gas pressure measured by the sensor 2 during regular intervals (e.g. every day) and then determine a gas pressure measurement corresponding to each interval. In some embodiments, the electronic device 3 may determine the gas pressure measurement corresponding to each interval based on the gas pressure measured during each interval.
For example, a minimum gas pressure measured during a day may be determined as the gas pressure measurement corresponding to that day. Alternatively, an average value of the gas pressure measured during a day may be determined as the gas pressure measurement corresponding to that day. Alternatively, the sensor 2 may measure the gas pressure once a day, and this measured gas pressure may be determined as the gas pressure measurement corresponding to that day. It is to be understood that any other suitable method may be applied to determine the gas pressure measurement corresponding to each interval.
In some embodiments, the electronic device 3 may be communicated with a display device 4 for displaying information about when the gas pressure will drop to the threshold pressure. Therefore, a maintenance preparation job can be scheduled in advance. In other embodiments, if the gas pressure has already reduced to the threshold pressure, alarms might be issued and/or countermeasures might be taken to avoid dangerous situations.
The electronic device 3 is used to perform the method for monitoring gas pressure inside the hermetic container 1. The electronic device 3 may be a general-purpose computer, a physical computing device, or a portable electronic device, or may be practiced in distributed cloud computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communication network.
Fig. 2 illustrates an example characteristic diagram of the gas pressure measurements over time. As shown in Fig. 2, each gas pressure measurement [P ₁, P ₂, …, P _n] corresponds to a measurement time [T ₁, T ₂, …, T _n] . For example, if the regular interval is set by day, the measurement time corresponding to the gas pressure measurement is the day when the gas pressure measurement is determined. As time passed, the electronic device 3 determines a plurality of gas pressure measurements [P ₀, P ₁, P ₂, …, P _n] . The gas pressure measurements determined before the current time may be treated as historical measurements.
The electronic device 3 may obtain the gas pressure measurements inside the hermetic container 3 so as to perform the method describe herein and output a result 30. The result 30 indicates when the gas pressure will drop to the threshold pressure. Alternatively, the result 30 may indicate whether the gas pressure is higher than the threshold pressure.
Fig. 3 shows an example process for monitoring gas pressure according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
At block 302, the electronic device 3 determines a first reference measurement P _r1 from a set of historical measurements of gas pressure inside the hermetic container 1.
Referring to Figs. 2-3, in some embodiments, the first reference measurement P _r1 may be selected as an initial gas pressure P ₀ of the hermetic container 1. The initial gas pressure P ₀ is a factory gas pressure of the hermetic container 1 or a gas pressure measured when the sensor 2 starts to measure the gas pressure of the hermetic container 1. In other embodiments, the first reference measurement P _r1 may be smaller than and proportional to the initial gas pressure P ₀ of the hermetic container 1.
The selection of the first reference measurement P _r1 depends on the time duration that has passed since the hermetic container 1 starts to be operated. This will improve the accuracy of determining when the gas pressure will drop to the threshold pressure P _th.
At block 304, the electronic device 3 determines whether a current gas pressure measurement P _c is below the first reference measurement P _r1 by a first threshold ΔP ₁.
At block 306, in response to a determination that the current gas pressure measurement P _c is below the first reference measurement P _r1 by the first threshold ΔP ₁, i.e., P _r1-P _c>=ΔP ₁, the electronic device 3 determines a first variation trend of a gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container 1. In some embodiments, ΔP ₁ may be 0.04 bar. It is to be understood that the value of ΔP ₁ can be any other value, for example 0.05 bar.
At block 308, the electronic device 3 determines an expected time duration T _ex for the gas pressure to reduce from the current gas pressure measurement P _c to the threshold pressure P _th based on the first variation trend.
In some embodiments, the first variation trend may be determined by linear calculation.
Firstly, the electronic device 3 may determine a first gas pressure difference P _d1 between the current gas pressure measurement P _c and the first reference measurement P _r1, P _r1-P _c=P _d1.
Then, the electronic device 3 may determine a first time difference T _d1 between acquisition of the first reference measurement P _r1 and the current gas pressure measurement P _c, T _c-T _r1=T _d1.
Further, the electronic device 3 may determine the first variation trend based on the first gas pressure difference P _d1 and the first time difference T _d1. For example, the first variation trend may be determined by the following equation:
In this way, the electronic device 3 may determine the expected time duration T _ex based on the first variation, the current gas pressure measurement P _c and the threshold pressure P _th by the following equation:
It is to be understood that, every time an interval elapses, the expected time duration T _ex will be decreased by one interval. For example, every time a day elapses, the expected time duration T _ex will be decreased by one.
In some embodiments, in order to further improve the accuracy of the expected time duration T _ex over time, the electronic device 3 may determine a second reference measurement P _r2 from the set of historical measurements. Fig. 4 illustrates a flowchart of an example process 400 for determining the first variation trend according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
At block 402, the electronic device 3 determines the second reference measurement from the set of historical measurements. Referring to Figs. 2 and 4, the second reference measurement P _r2 is smaller than and proportional to the first reference measurement P _r1. As an example, P _r2=μ*P _r1, where μ is larger than 0 and smaller than 1. In some embodiments, μ may be 0.995. It is to be understood that the value of μ can be any other value, for example, 0.998.
At block 404, the electronic device 3 determines whether a subsequent gas pressure measurement P _sc is below the second reference measurement P _r2 by the first threshold ΔP ₁. In some embodiments, ΔP ₁ may be 0.04 bar. It is to be understood that the value of ΔP ₁ can be any other value, for example 0.05 bar.
At block 406, in response to a determination that the subsequent gas pressure measurement P _sc is below the second reference measurement P _r2 by the first threshold ΔP ₁, (i.e., P _r2-P _sc>=ΔP ₁) , the electronic device 3 may determine a second variation trend of the gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container 1.
At block 408, the electronic device 3 may determine, based on the second variation trend, the expected time duration T _ex for the gas pressure to reduce from the subsequent gas pressure measurement P _sc to the threshold pressure P _th.
Now a method for determining the second variation trend according some embodiments will be discussed. The electronic device 3 may determine a second gas pressure difference P _d2 between the subsequent gas pressure measurement P _sc and the second reference measurement P _r2, P _r2-P _sc=P _d2.
Then, the electronic device 3 may determine a second time difference T _d2 between acquisition of the second reference measurement P _r2 and the subsequent gas pressure measurement P _sc, T _sc-T _r2=T _d2.
In this way, the electronic device 3 may determine the second variation trend based on the second gas pressure difference P _d2 and the second time difference T _d2. For example, the second variation trend may be determined by the following equation:
The electronic device 3 may determine the expected time duration T _ex based on the second variation, the subsequent gas pressure measurement P _sc and the threshold pressure P _th by the following equation:
With these embodiments, when the subsequent gas pressure measurement P _sc is below the second reference measurement P _r2 by the first threshold ΔP ₁, the electronic device 3 may determine the second variation trend to update the expected time duration T _ex. The expected time duration T _ex determined based on the second variation trend will be informed to the user. This helps to improve the consistency between calculated variation trend and the actual gas leaking velocity. It is to be understood that, every time an interval elapses, the expected time duration T _ex will be decreased by one interval. For example, every time a day elapses, the expected time duration T _ex will be decreased by one.
In some embodiments, the electronic device 3 may select a series of reference measurement [P _r1, P _r2, P _r3, …, P _ri] from the set of historical measurements of gas pressure inside the hermetic container 1, where i is an integer larger than or equal to one, and P _ri=μ*P _r _(i-1) with μ is larger than 0 and smaller than 1. In some embodiments, μ may be 0.995. It is to be understood that the value of μ can be any other value.
In matters of the series of reference measurement [P _r1, P _r2, P _r3, …, P _ri] , each reference measurement will be used for only one time. After the selected reference measurement has been used, it will not be used any more. An updated reference measurement closest to the previous reference measurement will be selected and will be compared to a current gas pressure measurement. For example, after the first reference measurement P _r1 has been used, the first reference measurement P _r1 will not be used any more in the following calculation. An updated reference measurement (i.e., P _r2) closest to the previous reference measurement P _r1 will be selected and will be compared to the current gas pressure measurement. Similarly, after P _r2 has been used, an updated reference measurement (i.e., P _r3) closest to the previous reference measurement P _r2 will be selected and will be compared to the current gas pressure measurement. The same rule applies to the other reference measurement P _ri.
In some embodiments, in response to a determination that a current gas pressure measurement is below the reference measurement P _ri by the first threshold ΔP ₁, the electronic device 3 may repeatedly perform the method 300 of Fig. 3.
In some embodiments, the first variation trend may be determined in another way by fitting method. Fig. 5 illustrates a flowchart of an example process 500 for determining the first variation trend according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
At block 502, the electronic device 3 may obtain a third reference measurement P _fr from the set of historical measurements. The third reference measurement P _fr is smaller than the first reference measurement P _r1. For example, P _fr=P _r1-η*ΔP ₁, where ΔP ₁ may be 0.04 bar, and η may be 0.6. In some embodiments, when a gas pressure measurement P’ meets the predetermined requirements (i.e., P′=P _r1-η*ΔP ₁) , the electronic device 3 may determine this current gas pressure measurement P’ as the third reference measurement P _fr and store it in a memory. In addition, when the electronic device 3 has determined the third reference measurement P _fr, the gas pressure measurements determined after the third reference measurement P _fr can be stored. The stored gas pressure measurements will be used for determining the first variation trend, which will be discussed below. It is to be understood that the values of ΔP ₁ and η can be any other value; and the first reference measurement P _r1 may be the initial gas pressure P ₀ of the hermetic container 1 or may be smaller than and proportional to the initial gas pressure P ₀.
At block 504, the electronic device 3 may determine the first variation trend based on gas pressure measurements obtained during a time period. The time period starts from a first measurement time T _fr corresponding to the third reference measurement P _fr and ends at a second measurement time T _c corresponding to the current gas pressure measurement P _c. The gas pressure measurements obtained during the time period is shown in Table 1 below.
Table 1

Item	Pressure	Acquisition Time
1	P _fr	T _fr
2	P _fr+1	T _fr+1
3	P _fr+2	T _fr+2
…	…	…
n	P _c	T _c

where n is the number of the gas pressure measurements determined during the time period from the first measurement time T _fr to the second (current) measurement time T _c.
At block 506, the electronic device 3 may determine the expected time duration T _ex based on the first variation trend and the threshold pressure P _th.
In some embodiments, the electronic device 3 may determine the first variation trend by using the least square method. When a leakage occurs in the hermetic container 1, the current gas pressure measurement P _c can be expressed by the following equation (1) :
where P ₀ is the initial gas pressure of the hermetic container 1, P _a is the ambient pressure, C is a coefficient of gas leaking velocity, and V is the volume of the hermetic container 1. Assuming that P ₀ is an undetermined parameter, P ₀ and can be determined by fitting equation (1) with the gas pressure measurements in Table 1.
In some embodiments, when fitting equation (1) with the gas pressure measurements determined during the time period from the first measurement time T _fr to the second measurement time T _c, different weights may apply to each of the gas pressure measurements. For example, the closer to the current measurement time T _c of the current gas pressure measurements P _c, the greater the weight applied:
Then, the expected time duration T _ex may be determined based on the equation (1) and the determined parameters P ₀ and by the following equation (2) :
It is to be understood that, every time an interval elapses, the expected time duration T _ex will be decreased by one interval. For example, every time a day elapses, the expected time duration T _ex will be decreased by one.
In some embodiments, after the second measurement time T _c passes, the first variation trend may be updated. For example, a new time period, starting from a first measurement time T _fr corresponding to the third reference measurement P _fr and ending at a new current measurement time corresponding to a current gas pressure measurement, may be used to determine the first variation trend and determine the expected time duration T _ex.
In some embodiments, each gas pressure measurement can be smoothed to remove noise. For example, each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements may be smoothed based on a group of historical gas pressure measurements obtained previously. A number N of gas pressure measurements obtained before a gas pressure measurement P _i can be used to smooth the gas pressure measurement P _i by the following equation (3) :
where P _i is a gas pressure measurement determined at the i ^th interval, P _{i_smoo} is the smoothed gas pressure measurement, and N may be selected as 60. It is to be understood that any other number can be applied, for example, 50, 70 or 80.
In some embodiments, when fitting the equation (1) by the least squares method, some constraints may be added to P ₀ and for example, P ₀ may be in the range of 1.25-2 bar, and may be in the range of 200-27000.
Fig. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an example computing system/device 600 suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. The system/device 600 can be implemented as or implemented in the electronic device 3 of Fig. 1. The system/device 600 may be a general-purpose computer, a physical computing device, or a portable electronic device, or may be practiced in distributed cloud computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communication network. The system/device 600 can be used to implement the process 300 of Fig. 3, and/or the process 400 of Fig. 4, and/or the process 500 of Fig. 5.
As depicted, the system/device 600 includes a processor 601 which is capable of performing various processes according to a program stored in a read only memory (ROM) 602 or a program loaded from a storage unit 608 to a random access memory (RAM) 603. In the RAM 603, data required when the PROCESSOR 601 performs the various processes or the like is also stored as required. The PROCESSOR 601, the ROM 602 and the RAM 603 are connected to one another via a bus 604. An input/output (I/O) interface 605 is also connected to the bus 604.
The processor 601 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) , graphic processing unit (GPU) , co-processors, and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The system/device 600 may have multiple processors, such as an application-specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
A plurality of components in the system/device 600 are connected to the I/O interface 605, including an input unit 606, such as a keyboard, a mouse, or the like; an output unit 607 including a display such as a cathode ray tube (CRT) , a liquid crystal display (LCD) , or the like, and a loudspeaker or the like; the storage unit 608, such as a disk and optical disk, and the like; and a communication unit 609, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless transceiver, or the like. The communication unit 609 allows the system/device 600 to exchange information/data with other devices via a communication network, such as the Internet, various telecommunication networks, and/or the like.
The methods and processes described above, such as the process 300, and/or the process 400 and/or process 500, can also be performed by the processor 601. In some embodiments, the process 300, and/or the process 400 and/or process 500 can be implemented as a computer software program or a computer program product tangibly included in the computer readable medium, e.g., storage unit 608. In some embodiments, the computer program can be partially or fully loaded and/or embodied in the system/device 600 via ROM 602 and/or communication unit 609. The computer program includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 601. When the computer program is loaded to RAM 603 and executed by the PROCESSOR 601, one or more acts of the process 300, and/or the process 400 and/or process 500 described above can be implemented. Alternatively, PROCESSOR 601 can be configured via any other suitable manner (e.g., by means of firmware) to execute the process 300, and/or the process 400 and/or process 500 in other embodiments.
Generally, various example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of the example embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatuses, systems, techniques, or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
The present disclosure also provides a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program instructions stored thereon which, when executed by a processing unit, cause the processing unit to perform the methods/processes as described above. A computer readable storage medium may include but is not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer readable program instructions for carrying out methods disclosed herein may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. The program instructions may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program instructions, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions/operations specified in the flowcharts and/or block diagrams to be implemented. The program instructions may execute entirely on a computer, partly on the computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. The program instructions may be distributed on specially-programmed devices which may generally be referred to herein as “modules” .
While operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

Claims

A method for monitoring gas pressure, comprising:

determining a first reference measurement from a set of historical measurements of gas pressure inside a hermetic container;

in response to a determination that a current gas pressure measurement is below the first reference measurement by a first threshold, determining a first variation trend of a gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and

determining, based on the first variation trend, an expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the current gas pressure measurement to a threshold pressure.
The method of claim 1, wherein the first reference measurement is selected as an initial gas pressure of the hermetic container.
The method of claim 1, wherein determining the first variation trend comprises:

determining a first gas pressure difference between the current gas pressure measurement and the first reference measurement;

determining a first time difference between acquisition of the first reference measurement and the current gas pressure measurement; and

determining the first variation trend based on the first gas pressure difference and the first time difference.
The method of claim 3, further comprising:

determining a second reference measurement from the set of historical measurements, the second reference measurement being smaller than and proportional to the first reference measurement;

in response to a determination that a subsequent gas pressure measurement is below the second reference measurement by the first threshold, determining a second variation trend of the gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and

determining, based on the second variation trend, the expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the subsequent gas pressure measurement to the threshold pressure.
The method of claim 4, wherein determining the second variation trend comprises:

determining a second gas pressure difference between the subsequent gas pressure measurement and the second reference measurement;

determining a second time difference between acquisition of the second reference measurement and the subsequent gas pressure measurement; and

determining the second variation trend based on the second gas pressure difference and the second time difference.
The method of claim 1, wherein each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements is determined based on a series of gas pressure measured during a regular interval.
The method of claim 1, wherein each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements corresponds to a respective measurement time, wherein determining the first variation trend comprises:

obtaining a third reference measurement from the set of historical measurements, the third reference measurement being smaller than the first reference measurement;

determining the first variation trend based on gas pressure measurements obtained during a time period, the time period starting from a first measurement time corresponding to the third reference measurement and ending at a second measurement time corresponding to the current gas pressure measurement; and

determining, based on the first variation trend and the threshold pressure, the expected time duration.
The method of claim 7, wherein the first variation trend is determined based on the least square method.
The method of claim 7, wherein each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements is smoothed based on a group of historical gas pressure measurements obtained previously.
An electronic device, comprising:

at least one processing unit; and

at least one memory coupled to the at least one processing unit and storing instructions executable by the at least one processing unit, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processing unit, causing the device to perform acts comprising:

determining a first reference measurement from a set of historical measurements of gas pressure inside a hermetic container;

in response to a determination that a current gas pressure measurement is below the first reference measurement by a first threshold, determining a first variation trend of a gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and

determining, based on the first variation trend, an expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the current gas pressure measurement to a threshold pressure.
The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the first reference measurement is selected as an initial gas pressure of the hermetic container.
The electronic device of claim 10, wherein determining the first variation trend comprises:

determining a first gas pressure difference between the current gas pressure measurement and the first reference measurement;

determining a first time difference between acquisition of the first reference measurement and the current gas pressure measurement; and

determining the first variation trend based on the first gas pressure difference and the first time difference.
The electronic device of claim 10, the acts further comprising:

determining a second reference measurement from the set of historical measurements, the second reference measurement being smaller than and proportional to the first reference measurement;

in response to a determination that a subsequent gas pressure measurement is below the second reference measurement by the first threshold, determining a second variation trend of the gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and

determining, based on the second variation trend, the expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the subsequent gas pressure measurement to the threshold pressure.
The electronic device of claim 13, wherein determining the second variation trend comprises:

determining a second gas pressure difference between the subsequent gas pressure measurement and the second reference measurement;

determining a second time difference between acquisition of the second reference measurement and the subsequent gas pressure measurement; and

determining the second variation trend based on the second gas pressure difference and the second time difference.
The electronic device of claim 10, wherein each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements is determined based on a series of gas pressure measured during a regular interval.
The electronic device of claim 10, wherein each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements corresponds to a respective measurement time, wherein determining the first variation trend comprises:

obtaining a third reference measurement from the set of historical measurements, the third reference measurement being smaller than the first reference measurement;

determining the first variation trend based on gas pressure measurements obtained during a time period, the time period starting from a first measurement time corresponding to the third reference measurement and ending at a second measurement time corresponding to the current gas pressure measurement; and

determining, based on the first variation trend and the threshold pressure, the expected time duration.
The electronic device of claim 16, wherein the first variation trend is determined based on the least square method.
The electronic device of claim 16, wherein each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements is smoothed based on a group of historical gas pressure measurements obtained previously.
A computer readable storage medium having computer readable program instructions stored thereon which, when executed by a processing unit, cause the processing unit to perform acts comprising:

determining a first reference measurement from a set of historical measurements of gas pressure inside a hermetic container;

in response to a determination that a current gas pressure measurement is below the first reference measurement by a first threshold, determining a first variation trend of a gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and

determining, based on the first variation trend, an expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the current gas pressure measurement to a threshold pressure.
The computer readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein the first reference measurement is selected as an initial gas pressure of the hermetic container.
The computer readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein determining the first variation trend comprises:

determining a first gas pressure difference between the current gas pressure measurement and the first reference measurement;

determining a first time difference between acquisition of the first reference measurement and the current gas pressure measurement; and

determining the first variation trend based on the first gas pressure difference and the first time difference.
The computer readable storage medium of claim 19, the acts further comprising:

determining a second reference measurement from the set of historical measurements, the second reference measurement being smaller than and proportional to the first reference measurement;

in response to a determination that a subsequent gas pressure measurement is below the second reference measurement by the first threshold, determining a second variation trend of the gas leaking velocity of the hermetic container; and

determining, based on the second variation trend, the expected time duration for the gas pressure to reduce from the subsequent gas pressure measurement to the threshold pressure.
The computer readable storage medium of claim 22, wherein determining the second variation trend comprises:

determining a second gas pressure difference between the subsequent gas pressure measurement and the second reference measurement;

determining a second time difference between acquisition of the second reference measurement and the subsequent gas pressure measurement; and

determining the second variation trend based on the second gas pressure difference and the second time difference.
The computer readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements is determined based on a series of gas pressure measured during a regular interval.
The computer readable storage medium of claim 19, wherein each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements corresponds to a respective measurement time, wherein determining the first variation trend comprises:

obtaining a third reference measurement from the set of historical measurements, the third reference measurement being smaller than the first reference measurement;

determining the first variation trend based on gas pressure measurements obtained during a time period, the time period starting from a first measurement time corresponding to the third reference measurement and ending at a second measurement time corresponding to the current gas pressure measurement; and

determining, based on the first variation trend and the threshold pressure, the expected time duration.
The computer readable storage medium of claim 25, wherein the first variation trend is determined based on the least square method.
The computer readable storage medium of claim 25, wherein each gas pressure measurement of the set of historical measurements is smoothed based on a group of historical gas pressure measurements obtained previously.