EP4377487A1 - Austenite alloy, blank and component, and method - Google Patents
Austenite alloy, blank and component, and methodInfo
- Publication number
- EP4377487A1 EP4377487A1 EP22789472.2A EP22789472A EP4377487A1 EP 4377487 A1 EP4377487 A1 EP 4377487A1 EP 22789472 A EP22789472 A EP 22789472A EP 4377487 A1 EP4377487 A1 EP 4377487A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tempering
- alloy
- temperature
- aluminum
- blank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/02—Hardening by precipitation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
Definitions
- the invention relates to an austenite alloy, a blank and/or component made from this alloy, and a method for producing it.
- forged rotor disks have hitherto been manufactured from various forged steels.
- NiCrMoV is used for compressor disks and CrMoWVNbN for turbine disks.
- the iron-based material with the highest operating temperature is currently a martensite.
- Ni nickel
- the chemistry and heat treatment are sufficient to withstand the challenges of a forged component for use in power generation systems at temperatures greater than 873K.
- the iron-based composition is as follows:
- Phosphorus (P) up to 0.03%, in particular up to 0.025%
- Tungsten (W) up to 2.5%, especially 1.8% - 2.2%
- the alloy consists of these elements.
- composition should preferably be used as a build-up:
- a PREN value (DIN 81249-2) greater than 32 should preferably be maintained:
- Mo molybdenum
- molybdenum (Mo) and chromium (Cr) are not limited to the high-temperature range alone, but would also cause increased corrosion protection for maritime applications. b) notch embrittlement
- Strength is increased by increasing the chromium and molybdenum content. On the one hand, this is desired. On the other hand, it is important to influence the selection of the tempering conditions so that the risk of notch embrittlement is low / there is sufficient toughness.
- the optimal quality heat treatment should preferably be determined by tempering tests.
- a 2- or 3-stage QHT tempering treatment is preferably used.
- temperatures represent the first key points in this regard.
- the solution annealing temperature preferably always represents the maximum temperature.
- the temperature of the 1 Tempering is therefore in particular at least 100K or at least 200K below the solution annealing temperature.
- tempering is at least 20K lower than the solution annealing temperature.
- the temperature of the 3 Tempering is below the temperature of the 2 . cranking or is the same .
- the application temperature can be increased, which means that the machine's output and performance can be increased without the need for external cooling.
- iron-based (Fe) material are:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an alloy, comprising at least (in wt.%): carbon (C) 0.03% - 0.08%, silicon (Si) 0.2% - 0.4%, manganese (Mn) 1.6% - 2.0%, molybdenum (Mo) 4.0% - 5.0%, chromium (Cr) 20.0% - 25.0%, nickel (Ni) 24.0% - 27.0%, vanadium (V) 0.25% - 0.35%, titanium (Ti) 2.0% - 2.3%, aluminum (Al) 0.4% - 0.6%, boron (B) 0.004% - 0.006%, iron ( Fe).
Description
Beschreibung Description
Austenitlegierung, Rohteil und Bauteil sowie Verfahren Austenitic alloy, blank and part and process
Die Erfindung betri f ft eine Austenitlegierung, ein Rohteil und/oder Bauteil aus dieser Legierung sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung . The invention relates to an austenite alloy, a blank and/or component made from this alloy, and a method for producing it.
In Korrelation zur Anwendungsbedingung werden Rotorschmiedescheiben bisher aus verschiedenen Schmiedestählen hergestellt . Correlating to the application condition, forged rotor disks have hitherto been manufactured from various forged steels.
So wird NiCrMoV für Verdichterscheiben sowie CrMoWVNbN für Turbinenscheiben verwendet . For example, NiCrMoV is used for compressor disks and CrMoWVNbN for turbine disks.
Ausschlaggebend für die Wahl des Schmiedematerials sind die Anwendungsbedingungen und die Designanforderungen . The application conditions and design requirements are decisive for the choice of forging material.
Für die Auswahl des Schmiedewerkstof fes gilt es immer ein Gleichgewicht aus Festigkeit und Zähigkeit zu gewährleiten, um die Designanforderungen einzuhalten . When selecting forging material, there is always a balance of strength and toughness to meet design requirements.
Der Werkstof f auf Eisenbasis mit der höchsten Einsat ztempera- tur ist aktuell ein Martensit . The iron-based material with the highest operating temperature is currently a martensite.
Für höhere Einsat ztemperaturen gibt es aktuell keine Lösung . There is currently no solution for higher operating temperatures.
Es gibt Überlegungen auf Scheiben auf Nickelbasis überzugehen . There are considerations to move to nickel based discs.
Mit diesen sollten theoretisch Einsat ztemperaturen größer 923K möglich sein . Theoretically, operating temperatures of more than 923K should be possible with these.
Jedoch haben die Bauteile aus Nickel (Ni ) folgende Nachteile , weshalb der Einsatz diskutiert wird : However, the components made of nickel (Ni) have the following disadvantages, which is why their use is being discussed:
- sehr hohe Kosten im Vergleich zur Scheibe aus Stahl , - very high cost compared to the steel disc,
- längere Bearbeitungs zeiten in der Fertigung . - Longer processing times in production.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung oben genanntes Problem zu lösen .
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Legierung nach Anspruch 1, ein Bauteil oder ein Rohteil gemäß Anspruch 6 sowie ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 7. It is therefore the object of the invention to solve the above problem. The object is achieved by an alloy according to claim 1, a component or a blank according to claim 6 and a method according to claim 7.
In den Unteransprüchen sind weitere vorteilhafte Maßnahmen aufgelistet, die beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden können, um weitere Vorteile zu erzielen. Further advantageous measures are listed in the dependent claims, which can be combined with one another as desired in order to achieve further advantages.
Die Beschreibung stellt nur Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dar. The description only represents exemplary embodiments of the invention.
Die Validierung eines austenitischen Stahls ergab die prinzipielle Anwendbarkeit für höhere Anwendungstemperaturen . The validation of an austenitic steel showed that it can be used in principle for higher application temperatures.
Die Chemie und die Wärmebehandlung reichen prinzipiell aus, um den Herausforderungen eines Schmiedebauteils zur Nutzung in Energieerzeugungsanlagen bei Temperaturen größer 873K standzuhalten . In principle, the chemistry and heat treatment are sufficient to withstand the challenges of a forged component for use in power generation systems at temperatures greater than 873K.
Die eisenbasierte Zusammensetzung weist dabei wie folgt aufThe iron-based composition is as follows
( in Gew . -% ) : Kohlenstoff (C) 0,03% - 0,08% Silizium (Si) 0,2% - 0,4% Mangan (Mn) 1, 6% - 2,0% Molybdän (Mo) 4,0% - 5,0% Chrom (Cr) 20,0% - 25,0%, insbesondere 21,5% - 23,5%, Nickel (Ni) 24,0% - 27, 0%, insbesondere 25,0% - 26,0%, Vanadium (V) 0,25% - 0,35% Titan (Ti) 2,0% - 2,3% Aluminium (Al) bis 0, 6%, Eisen ( Fe ) , insbesondere Rest Eisen (Fe) , optional (in % by weight) : Carbon (C) 0.03% - 0.08% Silicon (Si) 0.2% - 0.4% Manganese (Mn) 1.6% - 2.0% Molybdenum (Mo ) 4.0% - 5.0% Chromium (Cr) 20.0% - 25.0%, especially 21.5% - 23.5%, Nickel (Ni) 24.0% - 27.0%, especially 25.0% - 26.0%, Vanadium (V) 0.25% - 0.35% Titanium (Ti) 2.0% - 2.3% Aluminum (Al) to 0.6%, Iron (Fe) , especially balance iron (Fe), optional
Bor (B) 0,004% - 0,006%, Boron (B) 0.004% - 0.006%,
Phosphor (P) bis 0,03%, insbesondere bis 0, 025%, Phosphorus (P) up to 0.03%, in particular up to 0.025%,
Schwefel (S) bis 0, 02%,
insbesondere bis 0, 015%, Sulfur (S) up to 0.02%, in particular up to 0.015%,
Wolfram (W) bis 2,5%, insbesondere 1,8% - 2,2%, Tungsten (W) up to 2.5%, especially 1.8% - 2.2%,
Niob (Nb) : bis 1,5%, insbesondere 1,0% - 1,2%, Stickstoff (N) bis 0, 005% . Niobium (Nb): up to 1.5%, in particular 1.0% - 1.2%, nitrogen (N) up to 0.005%.
Insbesondere besteht die Legierung aus diesen Elementen. In particular, the alloy consists of these elements.
Aufbauend soll folgende Zusammensetzung vorzugsweise verwendet werden:
The following composition should preferably be used as a build-up:
Besondere Ausführungsbeispiele sind:
Particular examples are:
Ein PREN-Wert (DIN 81249-2) von größer 32 ist vorzugsweise einzuhalten : A PREN value (DIN 81249-2) greater than 32 should preferably be maintained:
PREN %Cr + 3,3*%Mo .
Der Hintergrund ist wie folgt : a) Korrosionsbeständigkeit PREN %Cr + 3.3*%Mo . The background is as follows: a) Corrosion resistance
Durch die Erhöhung des Chromanteils von 14 % auf größer 20 Gew . -% , wird die Beständigkeit gegenüber HTK2 erhöht . Hintergrund ist die Ausbildung einer stabilen C^Os-Schicht mit ausreichend hohem Chrom-Reservoir ( Cr ) . By increasing the chromium content from 14% to more than 20 wt. -% , resistance to HTK2 is increased. The background is the formation of a stable C^Os layer with a sufficiently high chromium reservoir (Cr).
Gleichzeitig wird durch die Erhöhung des Molybdän (Mo ) die Korrosionsbeständigkeit gegenüber chlorhaltigen Medien unter Hochtemperaturkorrosionsbedingungen erhöht . At the same time, the increase in molybdenum (Mo) increases the corrosion resistance to media containing chlorine under high-temperature corrosion conditions.
Die Wirkung von Molybdän (Mo ) und Chrom ( Cr ) ist dabei nicht auf die Hochtemperaturbereich allein festgelegt , sondern würde auch einen erhöhten Korrosionsschutz für maritime Anwendungen hervorrufen . b) Kerbversprödung The effect of molybdenum (Mo) and chromium (Cr) is not limited to the high-temperature range alone, but would also cause increased corrosion protection for maritime applications. b) notch embrittlement
Durch die Erhöhung des Chrom- und Molybdän-Gehaltes kommt es zu einer Steigerung der Festigkeit . Diese ist einerseits gewünscht . Andererseits gilt es durch die Wahl der Anlassbedingungen darauf Einfluss zu nehmen, dass das Risiko der Kerbversprödung gering ist / ausreichend Zähigkeit vorhanden ist . Strength is increased by increasing the chromium and molybdenum content. On the one hand, this is desired. On the other hand, it is important to influence the selection of the tempering conditions so that the risk of notch embrittlement is low / there is sufficient toughness.
Vor diesem Hintergrund ist vorzugsweise die optimale Quali- tätswärmebehandlung ( QHT ) durch Anlassversuche zu ermitteln . Vorzugsweise wird eine 2- oder 3-stufige QHT Anlassbehandlung verwendet . Against this background, the optimal quality heat treatment (QHT) should preferably be determined by tempering tests. A 2- or 3-stage QHT tempering treatment is preferably used.
Erste Eckpunkte hierzu stellen die folgenden Minimumtemperaturen dar .
Insbesondere liegen die „>=" Temperaturen bei den aufgezeigten Zahlenwerten, bspw . „>= 1 . 013K" liegt insbesondere bei „= 1 . 013K" . The following minimum temperatures represent the first key points in this regard. In particular, the ">=" temperatures are at the numerical values shown, e.g. ">=1. 013K" is in particular at "=1". 013K".
Die Lösungsglühtemperatur stellt vorzugsweise immer die Maximaltemperatur dar . The solution annealing temperature preferably always represents the maximum temperature.
Die Temperatur des 1 . Anlassens liegt also insbesondere mindestens 100K oder mindestens 200K unterhalb der Lösungsglühtemperatur . The temperature of the 1 Tempering is therefore in particular at least 100K or at least 200K below the solution annealing temperature.
Die nachfolgenden Temperaturen für das nachfolgende 2 . oder 3 . Anlassen liegen insbesondere nochmals mindestens 20K tiefer im Vergleich zur Lösungsglühtemperatur . The following temperatures for the following 2 . Or 3 . In particular, tempering is at least 20K lower than the solution annealing temperature.
Die Temperatur des 3 . Anlassens liegt unterhalb der Temperatur des 2 . Anlassens oder ist gleich . The temperature of the 3 Tempering is below the temperature of the 2 . cranking or is the same .
Vorteile neben der primären Nutzung als Schmiedebauteil in Energieerzeugungsanlagen) : Advantages in addition to the primary use as a forged component in power generation plants):
• Erweiterung des Einsatzbereiches „preiswerter" Eisenbasislegierungen im Vergleich zu „teuren Nickelbasiswerkstoffen" . • Extension of the area of application of "cheap" iron-based alloys compared to "expensive nickel-based materials".
• Schnellere Bearbeitbarkeit der Rotorbauteile auf Eisenbasis im Vergleich zu Nickelbasiswerkstof fen . • Faster machinability of iron-based rotor components compared to nickel-based materials.
• Erfahrungen aus der Konstruktion, Fertigung und Herstellung der hochlegierten Eisenbasislegierungen können größtenteils übernommen werden . Das hil ft insbesondere bei allen probabilistischen Ansätzen . • Experiences from the design, manufacture and manufacture of high-alloy iron-based alloys can largely be adopted. This helps in particular with all probabilistic approaches.
Anwendungstemperatur kann erhöht werden und ermöglicht daher Leistungs- und Perf ormancesteigerung der Maschine ohne , dass externe Kühlung notwendig ist .
Ausführungsbeispiele für den Eisen-basierten (Fe) Werkstoff sind :
The application temperature can be increased, which means that the machine's output and performance can be increased without the need for external cooling. Examples of the iron-based (Fe) material are:
Claims
1. Legierung, zumindest aufwe Lsend, insbesondere be tehend aus (in Gew.-%) : Kohlenstoff (C) 0,03% - 0,08% Silizium (Si) 0,2% - 0,4% Mangan (Mn) 1, 6% - 2,0% Molybdän (Mo) 4,0% - 5,0% Chrom (Cr) 20,0% - 25,0%, insbesondere 21,5% - 23,5%, Nickel (Ni) 24,0% - 27, 0%, insbesondere 25,0% - 26,0%, Vanadium (V) 0,25% - 0,35% Titan (Ti) 2,0% - 2,3% Aluminium (Al) bis 0, 6% Eisen ( Fe ) , insbesondere Re t Eisen ( Fe ) , optional Bor (B) 0,004% - 0,006% Wolfram (W) bis 2,5%, insbesondere 1,8% - 2,2%, Niob (Nb) : bis 1,5%, insbesondere 1,0% - 1,2%, Stickstoff (N) bis 0, 005% Phosphor (P) bis 0,03%, insbesondere bis 0, 025%, Schwefel (S) bis 0, 02%, insbesondere bis 0, 015% . 1. Alloy, at least comprising, in particular consisting of (in % by weight): carbon (C) 0.03% - 0.08% silicon (Si) 0.2% - 0.4% manganese (Mn) 1.6% - 2.0% Molybdenum (Mo) 4.0% - 5.0% Chromium (Cr) 20.0% - 25.0%, especially 21.5% - 23.5%, Nickel (Ni ) 24.0% - 27.0%, especially 25.0% - 26.0%, Vanadium (V) 0.25% - 0.35% Titanium (Ti) 2.0% - 2.3% Aluminum ( Al) up to 0.6% iron (Fe), in particular Re t iron (Fe), optionally boron (B) 0.004% - 0.006% tungsten (W) up to 2.5%, in particular 1.8% - 2.2% , niobium (Nb): up to 1.5%, in particular 1.0% - 1.2%, nitrogen (N) up to 0.005% phosphorus (P) up to 0.03%, in particular up to 0.025%, sulfur (S) up to 0.02%, in particular up to 0.015%.
2. Legierung nach Anspruch 1, aufweisend ein, insbesondere zwei, ganz insbesondere aufweisend alle Elemente aus der Gruppe: 2. Alloy according to claim 1, comprising one, in particular two, very particularly comprising all elements from the group:
Bor (B) , Wolfram (W) und Niob (Nb) .
8 Legierung nach einem oder beiden der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, aufweisend 0,4% bis 0, 6% Aluminium (Al) . Legierung nach einem oder beiden der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, aufweisend bis 0,06% Aluminium (Al) , insbesondere bis 0,01% Aluminium (Al) , ganz insbesondere 0,004% - 0,006% Aluminium (Al) . Legierung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1, 2, 3 oder 4 mit einem Wert: %Cr + 3,3%Mo > 32. Rohteil oder Bauteil aufweisend eine Legierung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1, 2, 3, 4 oder 5. Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung einer Legierung, eines Rohteils oder eines Bauteils nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1, 2, 3, 4 oder 5 oder 6, mittels Lösungsglühen, insbesondere einmaligem Lösungsglühen und zumindest zweimal Anlassen, insbesondere nur zweimal Anlassen. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei dem eine Lösungsglühung bei mindestens 1.243K stattfindet, insbesondere bei 1.243K. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, bei dem ein erstes Anlassen bei einer Temperatur von mindestens 100K unterhalb der Lösungsglühung stattfindet, insbesondere bei mindestens 1.013K stattfindet, ganz insbesondere bei 1.013K.
9 . Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, bei dem ein erstes Anlassen bei einer Temperatur von mindestens 100K unterhalb der Lösungsglühung stattfindet, insbesondere bei mindestens 973K stattfindet, ganz insbesondere bei 973K. . Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 7, 8, 9 oder 10, bei dem eine zweite Anlasstemperatur mindestens 20K niedriger liegt als die erste Anlasstemperatur . . Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 7, 8, 9, 10 oder 11, bei dem eine zweite Anlasstemperatur bei mindestens 923K liegt, insbesondere bei 923K. . Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 oder 12, bei dem eine dritte Anlasstemperatur nicht höher liegt als die zweite Anlasstemperatur . . Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 oder 13, bei dem eine dritte Anlasstemperatur bei mindestens 923K liegt, insbesondere bei 923K. . Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 oder 14, mittels Lösungsglühen und nur dreimaligem Anlassen.
Boron (B) , Tungsten (W) and Niobium (Nb) . 8 alloy according to one or both of claims 1 or 2, comprising 0.4% to 0.6% aluminum (Al). Alloy according to one or both of claims 1 or 2, containing up to 0.06% aluminum (Al), in particular up to 0.01% aluminum (Al), very particularly 0.004% - 0.006% aluminum (Al). Alloy according to one or more of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4 with a value: %Cr + 3.3%Mo > 32. Blank or component comprising an alloy according to one or more of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 . Method for the heat treatment of an alloy, a blank or a component according to one or more of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 or 6, by means of solution annealing, in particular single solution annealing and tempering at least twice, in particular tempering only twice. Method according to Claim 7, in which a solution treatment takes place at at least 1243K, in particular at 1243K. Method according to Claim 7 or 8, in which a first tempering takes place at a temperature of at least 100K below the solution treatment, in particular takes place at at least 1013K, more particularly at 1013K. 9 . Method according to Claim 7 or 8, in which a first tempering takes place at a temperature of at least 100K below the solution treatment, in particular takes place at at least 973K, more in particular at 973K. . Method according to one or more of Claims 7, 8, 9 or 10, in which a second tempering temperature is at least 20K lower than the first tempering temperature. . Method according to one or more of Claims 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11, in which a second tempering temperature is at least 923K, in particular at 923K. . Method according to one or more of Claims 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, in which a third tempering temperature is not higher than the second tempering temperature. . Process according to one or more of Claims 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13, in which a third tempering temperature is at least 923K, in particular 923K. . Process according to one or more of Claims 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14, by means of solution annealing and tempering only three times.
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DE102021211652.3A DE102021211652A1 (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2021-10-15 | Austenitic alloy, blank and part and process |
PCT/EP2022/075062 WO2023061673A1 (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2022-09-09 | Austenite alloy, blank and component, and method |
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KR (1) | KR20240093570A (en) |
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US4434006A (en) | 1979-05-17 | 1984-02-28 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Free cutting steel containing controlled inclusions and the method of making the same |
DD220845A1 (en) | 1984-01-26 | 1985-04-10 | Mai Edelstahl | METHOD FOR DELAYING THE AGING EXPERIENCE OF NICKEL ALLOYS AND THEIR USE |
US20060275168A1 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-12-07 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Austenitic stainless steel |
EP1975270A1 (en) | 2007-03-31 | 2008-10-01 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Austenitic free cutting stainless steel |
JP4702900B2 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2011-06-15 | 株式会社日立メタルプレシジョン | Fe-base alloy clip and manufacturing method thereof |
PL227405B1 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2017-11-30 | SYSTEM Spółka Akcyjna | Method for laser deposition of a metal layer on a metal element |
PL222831B1 (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2016-09-30 | Plasma System Spółka Akcyjna | Method for regenerating and increase the durability of the metallurgical cylinder |
CN107075629B (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2020-03-24 | 日本制铁株式会社 | Austenitic stainless steel sheet |
KR102048479B1 (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2019-11-25 | 닛폰세이테츠 가부시키가이샤 | Austenitic Heat-resistant Alloys and Welded Structures |
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CN118103540A (en) | 2024-05-28 |
DE102021211652A9 (en) | 2023-07-27 |
WO2023061673A1 (en) | 2023-04-20 |
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