EP4374053A1 - Vorkammerelement, zündvorrichtung und verfahren zur montage einer zündvorrichtung - Google Patents
Vorkammerelement, zündvorrichtung und verfahren zur montage einer zündvorrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4374053A1 EP4374053A1 EP23757512.1A EP23757512A EP4374053A1 EP 4374053 A1 EP4374053 A1 EP 4374053A1 EP 23757512 A EP23757512 A EP 23757512A EP 4374053 A1 EP4374053 A1 EP 4374053A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antechamber
- cylinder head
- ignition device
- base body
- cover
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/12—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers with positive ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B19/00—Engines characterised by precombustion chambers
- F02B19/16—Chamber shapes or constructions not specific to sub-groups F02B19/02 - F02B19/10
- F02B19/18—Transfer passages between chamber and cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/85—Mounting of fuel injection apparatus
- F02M2200/855—Mounting of fuel injection apparatus using clamp elements or fastening means, e.g. bolts or screws
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a prechamber element for an ignition device, with a base body and a prechamber cover, the base body and the prechamber cover forming an antechamber, the base body having an opening for receiving a spark plug and a fastening section for arrangement in a mounting channel of a cylinder head or a cylinder head sleeve, and wherein at least one overflow passage is formed on the base body and/or on the antechamber cover.
- the present invention further relates to an ignition device with an antechamber element.
- the present invention also relates to a method for assembling an ignition device.
- Prechamber ignition is known from practice and ensures improved combustion of lean fuel-air mixtures in gasoline engines, for example.
- EP 3 453 856 A1 describes an ignition device with a cylinder head, a spark plug and a prechamber element (“support element”).
- the prechamber element is mounted in a mounting channel (“seat”) in the cylinder head and protrudes into the main combustion chamber.
- the prechamber element On the side of the main combustion chamber, the prechamber element has several radially oriented overflow passages.
- the spark plug is inserted into an opening in the prechamber element on the side facing away from the main combustion chamber and thus closes the prechamber within the prechamber element.
- the EP 2 977 586 A1 and the US 2012/0103302 A1 each describe an ignition device with an antechamber element and a spark plug holder, which are connected to one another.
- the prechamber element is arranged in a mounting channel of a cylinder head.
- the spark plug holder is designed such that a fuel injector can be used in addition to a spark plug.
- Prechamber elements of a known design are usually mounted in the middle of the combustion chamber on the side of the cylinder head facing away from the main combustion chamber. This means they can be replaced without having to dismantle the cylinder head. In the conventional form, the prechamber element cannot fall into the combustion chamber.
- the problem with the known antechamber elements is that the formation of the overflow passages and the resulting path of the ignition flares do not achieve sufficiently good ignition and combustion of the fuel-air mixture.
- the dimensions of the pre-chamber element and thus the design freedom for arranging the overflow passages are also limited by the smallest cross section of the assembly channel, since the pre-chamber element must fit through this channel during assembly.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of designing and developing an antechamber element of the type mentioned in such a way that improved ignition and combustion of the fuel-air mixture is achieved. Furthermore, an ignition device and a method for assembling such an ignition device are to be specified.
- an antechamber element in question for an ignition device has a base body and an antechamber cover, the base body and the antechamber cover forming an antechamber, the base body having an opening for receiving a spark plug and a fastening section for arrangement in a mounting channel of a cylinder head or a cylinder head sleeve , and wherein at least one overflow passage is formed on the base body and / or on the antechamber cover, characterized in that at least one outlet opening of the at least one overflow passage lies at least partially outside a volume body which is formed by the geometric extrusion of a smallest cross section of the assembly channel along a longitudinal axis of the Mounting channel is described.
- the ignition and combustion properties are largely determined by the spatial position of the ignition flares.
- the ignition flares enter the main combustion chamber via the transfer passages and initiate combustion there.
- the outlet openings of the overflow passages are therefore the starting points of the combustion (ignition locations) in the main combustion chamber and have a decisive influence on the flame spread and the burning speed of the combustion. They therefore also influence the efficiency of the process and the formation of pollutants during combustion.
- the combustion in the main combustion chamber is improved and accelerated in a simple manner by arranging the outlet openings further apart from one another, in particular outside the smallest cross section of the assembly channel. This is achieved by making the floor plan of the antechamber cover larger than the smallest cross section of the assembly channel.
- the prechamber element is then installed from the side of the cylinder head facing the main combustion chamber. The arrangement of the outlet openings of the overflow passages is therefore independent of the smallest cross section of the assembly channel.
- one or more outlet openings can be spaced significantly further apart and at least partially arranged outside a solid body, which is described by the fictitious, geometric extrusion of the smallest cross section of the mounting channel along the longitudinal axis of the mounting channel. This includes the case in which a center point of at least one outlet opening lies outside this solid body.
- extrusion is to be understood in accordance with its meaning in geometry and describes an increase in the dimensions of an element, for example a flat surface.
- a solid body is formed by a parallel displacement of a surface along a line of theoretically any length. The area here is the smallest cross section and the line here is the longitudinal axis of the assembly channel.
- the extrusion here takes place fictitiously in both axial directions and with an unlimited length.
- a mounting channel with a circular cross section and a center axis is considered.
- the subject of claim 1 is therefore also an antechamber element according to the preamble, in which the largest distance of the outlet opening of at least one overflow passage to the center axis of the assembly channel is greater than the smallest radius of the assembly channel.
- the fastening section of the base body of the antechamber element can have a region with a cylindrical lateral surface and/or a region with a conical lateral surface.
- the cylindrical lateral surface can be a lateral surface or part of a lateral surface of a general cylinder with any base area.
- the cylinder can be straight or crooked.
- the line connecting the centers of the base surfaces is not perpendicular to the base surfaces.
- the cone-like lateral surface can be a lateral surface or part of a lateral surface of a cone with any base area. Like the cylinder, the cone can be straight or crooked.
- the line connecting the tip of the cone and the center of the base is not perpendicular to the base.
- the base surfaces preferably have the shape of a circle or an ellipse. With such a shape of the fastening section, various fastening options and at the same time a transition area for widening the antechamber element towards the antechamber cover can be implemented.
- the antechamber cover can have a geometry that deviates from a circular shape.
- An oval lid shape allows a desired distance between the outlet openings to be achieved along a first, long semi-axis.
- a second, shorter semi-axis can be used to create an antechamber element with a space-saving design.
- a fuel injector which may protrude into the antechamber.
- an additional opening can be arranged on the base body to accommodate a fuel injector.
- the antechamber element is formed by the base body and the antechamber cover.
- This construction can advantageously be designed in two parts or in one part.
- the antechamber cover can be connected to the base body in a form-fitting and/or force-fitting and/or material-locking manner. A welded connection is particularly suitable.
- An advantage of the two-part design is the high degree of design freedom of the construction.
- Another advantage of the two-part design is that different materials can be used for the base body and the antechamber cover.
- the base body can, for example, be made from a material with high thermal conductivity, in particular at least 50 W/mK, preferably at least 100 W/mK (e.g. a copper alloy).
- the antechamber cover can be made, for example, from a material with high thermal and chemical resistance (e.g. a nickel alloy).
- a material with high thermal and chemical resistance e.g. a nickel alloy.
- a one-piece design of the antechamber element makes a particularly simple and therefore cost-effective production possible, since there is no need for complicated assembly of the individual parts.
- the antechamber element can in particular be produced by a forming process, which is preferably extrusion or deep drawing.
- the assembly channel or the base body which is at least partially arranged in the assembly channel, to be arranged eccentrically to the antechamber cover.
- the base body then has, for example, an area with the lateral surface of an oblique truncated cone.
- the antechamber cover can, for example, also be arranged eccentrically to a base body which only has areas with straight cylindrical and/or conical lateral surfaces.
- the centers of at least two outlet openings can lie on a common circle or a common ellipse. Such an arrangement of the outlet openings achieves advantageous, uniform combustion in the main combustion chamber.
- This ignition device has a prechamber element according to one of claims 1 to 8 and a cylinder head sleeve and / or a cylinder head, wherein a mounting channel is formed in the cylinder head sleeve or the cylinder head, wherein the fastening section of the prechamber element is arranged in the mounting channel.
- the claimed antechamber element can be arranged and fastened as a single component in a mounting channel of a cylinder head.
- the prechamber element is then installed from the side of the main combustion chamber.
- the antechamber element can remain in the cylinder head and does not have to be dismantled.
- the antechamber element can be arranged and fastened in a cylinder head sleeve, which in turn is arranged in the cylinder head. This enables assembly and disassembly of the prechamber element from the side of the cylinder head facing away from the main combustion chamber.
- the cylinder head does not have to be removed.
- a cylinder head sleeve enables a cylinder head to be easily converted to use the antechamber element in question.
- the mounting channel has a smallest cross section for receiving the fastening section.
- a part of the mounting channel in which the fastening section is arranged can be cylindrical, for example through a bore.
- the assembly channel in this part has the smallest cross section.
- the antechamber element can be fastened in a form-fitting and/or force-fitting and/or material-locking manner in the mounting channel via the fastening section.
- a screw or shrink connection is advantageous, for example, if the fastening section has an area with a cylindrical lateral surface. In the case of a screw connection, an external thread can be arranged in this area and an internal thread can be arranged on the corresponding inner surface of the mounting channel. If the fastening section has an area with a cone-like lateral surface, the realization of a cone connection can be advantageous, for example.
- the antechamber element can be fastened in the mounting channel, for example using a clamp connection.
- a spark plug and/or a fuel injector can also be arranged.
- the spark plug or the fuel injector protrudes at least partially through the opening provided on the base body into the antechamber element.
- the spark plug enables the fuel-air mixture to be ignited in the antechamber.
- the spark plug can, for example, be a spark plug without an antechamber of the usual design. These are generally cheaper than prechamber spark plugs and can therefore reduce maintenance costs.
- the prechamber element serves as a ground electrode of a suitable spark plug.
- An additional fuel injector can further improve ignition.
- the spark plug and/or the fuel injector can be fastened in the antechamber element in a form-fitting and/or non-positive and/or material-locking manner.
- Screw connections are particularly suitable for this.
- a screw connection offers the advantage that the connection is detachable, thus allowing the spark plug or fuel injector to be easily replaced.
- a clamp or cone connection enables particularly quick assembly. Furthermore, a shrink connection is conceivable.
- the prechamber element according to the invention or the ignition device according to the invention is suitable, for example, for use with a stationary gas engine. Furthermore, it can be used in a non-stationary gasoline engine conceivable, namely due to the ignition properties achieved by the arrangement of the overflow passages. However, the use is not limited to the types of engines mentioned above, but is also conceivable with other suitable engines.
- the underlying object is further achieved by a method for producing or assembling the ignition device with the features of independent claim 14.
- the method for assembling an ignition device in particular an ignition device according to one of claims 9 to 13, comprises the following method steps:
- the pre-chamber element is first inserted into the assembly channel of the cylinder head as part of the assembly of the ignition device.
- the pre-chamber element can be inserted into the assembly channel of the cylinder head sleeve before or after the cylinder head sleeve is/was inserted into the cylinder head.
- the cylinder head sleeve can be inserted into the cylinder head from the side of the cylinder head facing or away from the main combustion chamber. If the ignition device additionally has a spark plug and/or a fuel injector, these can then be inserted into the prechamber element from the side of the cylinder head facing away from the main combustion chamber.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic, sectional representation of a first exemplary embodiment of an ignition device according to the invention with an antechamber element according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic, sectional representation of a further exemplary embodiment of an ignition device according to the invention with an antechamber element according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic, sectional representation of a further exemplary embodiment of an ignition device according to the invention with an antechamber element according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic, sectional representation of a further exemplary embodiment of an ignition device according to the invention with an antechamber element according to the invention
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic, sectional representation of a further exemplary embodiment of an ignition device according to the invention with an antechamber element according to the invention
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic, sectional representation of a further exemplary embodiment of an ignition device according to the invention with an antechamber element according to the invention.
- a first exemplary embodiment of an ignition device 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG.
- the ignition device 1 is arranged in an engine with a cylinder 19, a piston 18 and charge valves 20.
- the ignition device 1 comprises an antechamber element 2 according to the invention, into which a spark plug 15 is inserted, and a cylinder head 11.
- the spark plug 15 is designed as a conventional spark plug with a wire ground electrode. However, it is expressly pointed out that other forms of design of the spark plug 15 are also possible.
- the prechamber element 2 is fastened in a mounting channel 10 in the cylinder head 11 and partially projects into the main combustion chamber 17. In this exemplary embodiment of the ignition device 1, the prechamber element 2 is inserted from the side of the cylinder head 11 facing the main combustion chamber 17.
- the prechamber element 2 has a base body 3 with an opening 6 for receiving the spark plug 15 and a prechamber cover 4. These form an antechamber 5.
- the antechamber cover 4 is connected to the base body 3 by a weld seam 21.
- Radial overflow passages 7 with outlet openings 8 towards the main combustion chamber 17 are arranged in the antechamber cover 4.
- the fastening section 9 has an area with a cylindrical lateral surface and a circular cross section and an area with a cone-like lateral surface. This cone-like area forms the transition from the cylindrical part of the base body 3 to the antechamber cover 4.
- the attachment of the antechamber element 2 in the assembly channel 10 via the attachment section 9 is realized in this exemplary embodiment by a shrink connection.
- the mounting channel 10 has a smallest cross section 13 in the area of the cylindrical part of the base body 3.
- a fictitious solid body 23 can be described in the form of a cylinder.
- all of them are located Outlet openings 8 of the overflow passages 7 outside this volume body 23.
- Fig. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an ignition device 1 according to the invention with a prechamber element 2, a spark plug 15 and a cylinder head 11.
- the prechamber element 2 is designed in one piece.
- the assembly channel 10, adjacent to the cylindrical region of the fastening section 9, and the antechamber cover 4 have a circular shape.
- the center of the outlet opening 8 of at least one overflow passage 7 lies outside a volume body 23, which is described by the extrusion of the smallest cross section 13 along the longitudinal axis 14 of the assembly channel 10.
- the solid body 23 has the shape of a cylinder with the radius a.
- the distance b between the center of the outlet opening 8 of at least one overflow passage 7 and the center axis of the assembly channel 10 is greater than the smallest radius a of the assembly channel 10.
- FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of an ignition device 1 according to the invention with a prechamber element 2, a spark plug 15 and a cylinder head 11.
- the assembly channel 10 and the prechamber cover 4 have a circular shape analogous to FIG. 2.
- the attachment of the antechamber element 2 in the assembly channel 10 is realized in this exemplary embodiment by a screw connection.
- the fastening section 9 has an external thread 22 in the area with a cylindrical lateral surface. In this area, a corresponding internal thread is arranged in the assembly channel 10.
- the outlet openings 8 lie outside the fictitious solid body 23.
- the illustrated ignition device 1 has a prechamber element 2, a spark plug 15 and a cylinder head 11, with the prechamber cover 4 and the base body 3 being arranged eccentrically to one another.
- the base body 3 has areas here with the lateral surface of an oblique truncated cone and a straight cylinder, each with circular bases.
- the antechamber cover 4 has a circular shape. The center axes of the cylindrical section of the base body 3 and the antechamber cover 4 are thus arranged offset from one another.
- the area of the base body 3 with the cone-like lateral surface acts as a transition area between the cylindrical section of the base body 3 and the antechamber cover 4.
- the outlet openings 8 are located at least partially (right outlet opening 8 in the sectional view) or completely (left outlet opening 8 in the sectional view) outside the fictitious solid body 23.
- FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an ignition device 1 according to the invention with an antechamber element 2 according to the invention according to FIG. 2, a cylinder head sleeve 12, a spark plug 15 and a cylinder head 11.
- the cylinder head sleeve 12 has the mounting channel 10 for arranging the antechamber element 2 and is arranged in the cylinder head 11. It can be seen that the cylinder head sleeve 12 can be inserted from the side of the cylinder head 11 facing away from or facing the main combustion chamber 17.
- the fictitious solid body 23 is formed by extruding the smallest cross section 13 of the assembly channel 10, which is arranged here in the cylinder head sleeve 12.
- the outlet openings 8 are therefore outside the fictitious solid body 23.
- FIG. 6 A further exemplary embodiment of an ignition device 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG. 6.
- a fuel injector 16 is also arranged in the prechamber element 2, which projects into the prechamber 5.
- the assembly channel 10 and the antechamber cover 4 have a circular shape analogous to FIG. 2.
- the base body 3 of the prechamber element 2 each has an opening 6 for receiving the spark plug 15 and the fuel injector 16.
- the outlet openings 8 are at least partially outside the fictitious solid body 23.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022209529.4A DE102022209529B4 (de) | 2022-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | Vorkammerelement, Zündvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Montage einer Zündvorrichtung |
| PCT/DE2023/200150 WO2024056140A1 (de) | 2022-09-13 | 2023-07-19 | Vorkammerelement, zündvorrichtung und verfahren zur montage einer zündvorrichtung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4374053A1 true EP4374053A1 (de) | 2024-05-29 |
Family
ID=87748214
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23757512.1A Pending EP4374053A1 (de) | 2022-09-13 | 2023-07-19 | Vorkammerelement, zündvorrichtung und verfahren zur montage einer zündvorrichtung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20260092552A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4374053A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2025532428A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022209529B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024056140A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012061397A2 (en) | 2010-11-01 | 2012-05-10 | Mahle Powertrain, Llc | Turbulent jet ignition pre-chamber combustion system for spark ignition engines |
| EP3530903A1 (de) * | 2012-09-06 | 2019-08-28 | Prometheus Applied Technologies, LLC | Zweistufige vorbrennkammer für gross-bohrung gasmotoren |
| JP6016682B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-19 | 2016-10-26 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ガス内燃機関の副室燃料供給装置 |
| ES2683422T3 (es) | 2014-07-24 | 2018-09-26 | Antrova Ag | Cargador de ondas de presión y método para el funcionamiento de un cargador de ondas de presión |
| DE102017210398A1 (de) * | 2017-06-21 | 2018-12-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorkammereinsatz für eine Brennkraftmaschine, Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| EP3453856B1 (de) | 2017-09-08 | 2019-10-16 | MASERATI S.p.A. | Benzinverbrennungsmotor mit einer verbrennungsvorkammer und zwei zündkerzen |
| JP2022078373A (ja) * | 2019-03-27 | 2022-05-25 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | 副室式内燃機関 |
| DE102022109745B3 (de) * | 2022-04-22 | 2023-03-30 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zur Zündung eines Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemischs |
-
2022
- 2022-09-13 DE DE102022209529.4A patent/DE102022209529B4/de active Active
-
2023
- 2023-07-19 EP EP23757512.1A patent/EP4374053A1/de active Pending
- 2023-07-19 US US19/110,705 patent/US20260092552A1/en active Pending
- 2023-07-19 JP JP2025538802A patent/JP2025532428A/ja active Pending
- 2023-07-19 WO PCT/DE2023/200150 patent/WO2024056140A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024056140A1 (de) | 2024-03-21 |
| DE102022209529A1 (de) | 2024-03-14 |
| JP2025532428A (ja) | 2025-09-29 |
| US20260092552A1 (en) | 2026-04-02 |
| DE102022209529B4 (de) | 2024-04-25 |
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