EP4351262A2 - Resource-staggered coded multiple access - Google Patents
Resource-staggered coded multiple access Download PDFInfo
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- EP4351262A2 EP4351262A2 EP24158856.5A EP24158856A EP4351262A2 EP 4351262 A2 EP4351262 A2 EP 4351262A2 EP 24158856 A EP24158856 A EP 24158856A EP 4351262 A2 EP4351262 A2 EP 4351262A2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0026—Division using four or more dimensions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention concerns the field of wireless communication networks or systems, more specifically, concepts to improve transmission by providing offsets with regard to synchronized communication. The present invention relates to wireless communications networks, to a transmitter and to a base station and to methods for operating the same. The present invention, in particular, extends elements of staggered coded multiple access (or staggered asynchronous coded multiple access (SACMA)).
- A slotted ALOHA scenario with Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) capabilities at the receiver may improve dramatically the performance of the random-access procedure due to the ability to remove successfully decoded packets from the received signal within a specific time frame. However, current results from theory show that by introducing a random time-shift (offset) individually to each users' transmission increases the time-diversity and allows further to resolve collisions..
- In connection with 3GPP, this idea is proposed to be adopted as the Asynchronous Coded Multiple Access (ACMA) as described in [1], which uses random time-offset for the start of the individual transmissions with respect to the beginning of the frame, or an aggregated resource. The shifted timing improves overloading capability by randomly distributing multiuser interference, wherein the start time of each transmission is randomly distributed within the frame, i.e. the aggregated resource, as illustrated in
Fig. 9 . - Known concepts face the problems that the receiver needs to estimate offset parameters for each user. The same delay value for two (or more) users leads to collision and thus to an increase in the probability of errors.
- Thus, there is a demand for providing for wireless communications networks, a transmitter and a base station and for method for operating the same that allow for a low probability of errors.
- An object of the present invention is thus to provide for wireless communications networks, a transmitter, a base station and for method for operating the same that allow to transmit signals with a low probability of error.
- This object is achieved by the subject-matter as defined in the independent claims.
- The inventors have found that by individually signing an offset to a transmission within a slot of a frame of the wireless communications network, there is obtained a plurality of different offset values such that an event of collision has only minor impact because it may easily be decoded or resolved such that an overall error rate is low. Even if facing a collision within one slot, the amount or portion of the transmission that is collided may below based on different offsets within different transmitters. Even if having a high collision portion, there is at least a probability that the next slot used within a frame faces no collision or a collision with a different transmitter such that in total a high probability for resolving already decoding the collision may be obtained. Alternatively or in addition, the offset may at least partially be implemented in the frequency-domain, i.e., a frequency-offset may be implemented. This may allow for a low collision probability, in particular, when comparing the results to offset-less concepts or to concepts that provide for a time-offset only. Equivalently, embodiments may allow for the system to accommodate more users under the same error probability as before. That is, with the proposed staggering one may decrease the overall error probability by keeping the number of users fixed (due to the partial instead of fully-overlapping collisions taking place) and/or may invest at least a part of this advantage to increase the number of users sharing the available resources, e.g., under a target error rate. Embodiments allow to incorporate the concept of asynchronous random access in the framework of systems which assume an underlying time-frequency plan, such as e.g. OFDM.
- According to an embodiment, a wireless communications network comprises a base station configured for operating a wireless communications network cell of the wireless communications network so as to provide communication in a plurality of slots, each slot comprising a plurality of associated physical resources. The wireless communications network comprises at least one transmitter configured for transmitting a signal in the wireless communications network cell by mapping the signal into a number of part signals and for transmitting the number of part signals with a corresponding number of associated slots using a corresponding number of sets of physical resources, each set containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of the slot. Each part signal may be at least a fraction of a signal to be transmitted or a retransmission of such a fraction. Each set of physical resources is received at the base station shifted with a set-individual offset with respect to a synchronized start of the slot. This allows to have a different offset for each part signal such that a single collided set of physical resources is accompanied by a high probability that further slots within the frame are less collided, uncollided, or at least collided by different transmitters.
- According to an embodiment, a wireless communications network comprises a base station configured for operating a wireless communications network cell of the wireless communications network so as to provide communication in a plurality of slots, each slot comprising a plurality of associated physical resources. The wireless communications network comprises at least one transmitter configured for transmitting a signal in the wireless communications networks by mapping the signal into a number of part signals and for transmitting the number of part signals associated to a corresponding number of slots using a corresponding number of sets of physical resources, each set containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of the slot. Each set of physical resources is received at the base station shifted with a frequency offset with respect to a synchronized minimum frequency of the slot.
- According to an embodiment, a transmitter comprises an interface configured for transmitting a signal in a wireless communications network cell of a wireless communications network. The transmitter comprises a control unit configured for mapping the signal into a number of part signals and for transmitting the number of part signals with a corresponding number of associated slots of the wireless communications network cell using a corresponding number of sets of physical resources, each set containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of the slot.
- The control unit is configured for transmitting the number of part signals with a set-individual offset such that each set of physical resources is shifted with respect to a synchronized start of the slot.
- According to an embodiment, a base station configured for operating a wireless communications network cell according to a wireless communications network scheme comprises a plurality of frames. Each frame comprises a plurality of slots, wherein each slot comprises a plurality of associated physical resources. The base station comprises an interface configured for receiving a first number of part signals from a first transmitter and for receiving a second number of part signals from a second transmitter. Each part signal is associated to a slot of a dedicated frame. Each part signal of the first number of part signal comprises a set-individual offset within the first number and with respect to a synchronized start of the slot. Each part signal of the second number of part signal comprises a set-individual offset within the second number and with respect to the synchronized start of the slot. The base station comprises a decoding unit configured for decoding the received first part signals and the received second part signals and for correcting interference caused by an overlap of the first part signals with the second part signals.
- According to an embodiment, a method for operating a wireless communications network comprises operating a wireless communications network cell of the wireless communications network so as to provide communication in a plurality of slots such that each slot comprises a plurality of associated physical resources. The method comprises transmitting a signal in the wireless communications network cell by mapping the signal into a number of part signals. The method comprises transmitting the number of part signals with a corresponding number of associated slots using a corresponding number of sets of physical resources, each set containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of the slot. The method is performed such that each set of physical resources is received at a base station shifted with a set-individual offset with respect to a synchronized start of the slot.
- According to an embodiment, a method for operating a wireless communications network comprises operating a wireless communications network cell of the wireless communications network so as to provide communication in a plurality of slots such that each slot comprises a plurality of associated physical resources. The method comprises transmitting a signal in the wireless communications network cell by mapping the signal into a number of part signals and by transmitting the number of part signals with a corresponding number of associated slots using a corresponding number of sets of physical resources. Each set contains at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of the slot. The method is performed such that each set of physical resource is received at a base station shifted with a frequency offset with respect to a synchronized minimum frequency of the slot.
- According to an embodiment, a method for operating a transmitter comprises transmitting a signal in a wireless communications network cell of a wireless communications network using an interface by mapping the signal into a number of part signals. Transmission is further transformed by transmitting the number of part signals with a corresponding number of associated slots of the wireless communications network cell using a corresponding number of sets of physical resources. Each set contains at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of the slot. The method comprises transmitting the number of part signals with a set-individual offset such that each set of physical resources is shifted with respect to a synchronized start of the slot.
- According to an embodiment, a method for operating a base station configured for operating a wireless communications network cell according to a wireless communications network scheme comprising a plurality of frames, each frame comprising a plurality of slots, each slot comprising a plurality of associated physical resources, comprises receiving a first number of part signals from a first transmitter and receiving a second number of part signals from a second transmitter. Each part signal is associated to a slot of a dedicated frame, wherein each part signal of the first number of part signals comprises a set-individual offset within the first number and with respect to a synchronized start of the first slot. Each part signal of the second number of part signals comprises a set-individual offset within the second number and with respect to the synchronized start of the slot. The method comprises decoding the received first part signals and the received second part signals and for correcting interference caused by an overlap of the first part signals with the second part signals.
- Further embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.
- Embodiments of the present invention are now described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Fig. 1
- is a schematic representation of an example of a network infrastructure in accordance with an embodiment, like a wireless communications system including a plurality of base stations, each serving a specific area surrounding the base station schematically represented by the respective cells;
- Fig. 2a
- shows an exemplary scheme of an LTE frame as described in connection with
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 2b
- shows a schematic view of an alternative structure of a frame in accordance with an embodiment;
- Fig. 3
- shows an exemplary LTE OFDMA-based subframe with two antenna ports for different selected Tx antenna ports;
- Fig. 4
- shows a schematic block diagram of a wireless communications network according to an embodiment;
- Fig. 5
- shows a communication frame as having a number of N slots, each slot having a time duration Ts within the frame duration TF and shows a set-individual offset in accordance with an embodiment;
- Fig. 6a
- shows a schematic diagram for illustrating an implementation of set-specific offsets according to an embodiment;
- Fig. 6b
- shows a schematic diagram of
sets - Fig. 6c
- shows a schematic diagram of the sets being offset as well as in a first resource time and a second resource frequency according to an embodiment;
- Fig. 6d
- shows a comparison between different offset schedules for illustrating an embodiment;
- Fig. 7a
- shows a schematic block diagram of a wireless communications network cell in a configuration having the base station receiving signals from nine transmitting UEs according to an embodiment;
- Fig. 7b
- shows a schematic diagram of an example scheme for scheduling six OFDMA symbols to the nine transmitters of
Fig. 7a so as to overload the wireless channel and to enable the nine transmitters to transmit simultaneously according to an embodiment; - Fig. 8a
- shows a schematic block diagram illustrating the concept of mapping a signal to be transmitted by a transmitter into a number of part signals according to an embodiment;
- Fig. 8b
- shows a schematic block diagram illustrating different options of mapping a signal to be transmitted by a transmitter into a number of part signals according to embodiments; and
- Fig. 9
- shows a schematic diagram of a communications scheme using aggregated resources;
- In the following, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the enclosed drawings in which elements having the same or a similar function are referenced by the same or similar reference signs.
- Also, in the following, reference is made to OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) networks and/or LTE (long term evolution) networks, embodiments described herein are not limited hereto.
- Although, the embodiments described herein may relate to Log Term Evolution (LTE) any other communication scheme, in particular in connection with slotted communication using slots may be used. A slot may be regarded as an interval, e.g., in time and/or frequency that is possibly sub-structured, e.g., into symbols or the like, and provides for some kind of synchronization for communication, wherein synchronization is not limited to time.
-
Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an example of such a network infrastructure, like a wireless communications system including a plurality of base stations eNB1 to eNB5, each serving a specific area surrounding the base station schematically represented by therespective cells 100, to 100s. The base stations are provided to serve users within a cell. A user may be a stationary device or a mobile device. Further, the wireless communication system may be accessed by loT devices which connect to a base station or to a user.Fig. 1 shows an exemplary view of only five cells, however, the wireless communication system may include more or less of such cells.Fig. 1 shows two users UE1 and UE2, also referred to as user equipment (UE), that are incell 1002 and that are served by base station eNB2. Another user UE3 is shown incell 1004 which is served by base station eNB4. Thearrows Fig. 1 shows twoloT devices cell 1004, which may be stationary or mobile devices. TheloT device 1041 accesses the wireless communication system via the base station eNB4 to receive and transmit data as schematically represented byarrow 1051. TheloT device 1042 accesses the wireless communication system via the user UE3 as is schematically represented byarrow 1052. UE1, UE2 and UE3 may access the wireless communications system or network by communicating with the base station. - The wireless communications network system may be any single-tone or multicarrier system based on frequency-division multiplexing, like the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system, the orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) system defined by the LTE standard, or any other IFFT-based signal with or without CP, e.g. DFT-SOFDM. Other waveforms, like non-orthogonal waveforms for multiple access, e.g. filterbank multicarrier (FBMC), may be used. Other multiplexing schemes like time-division multiplexing (time-division duplex - TDD) may be used.
- An OFDMA system for data transmission may include an OFDMA-based physical resource grid which comprises plurality of physical resource blocks (PRBs) each defined by 12 subcarriers by 7 OFDM symbols and including a set of resource elements to which various physical channels and physical signals are mapped. A resource element is made up of one symbol in the time domain and one subcarrier in the frequency domain. For example, in accordance with the LTE standard a system bandwidth of 1.4 MHz includes 6 PRBs, and the 200 kHz bandwidth in accordance with the NB-loT enhancement of the LTE Rel. 13 standard includes 1 PRB. In accordance with LTE and NB-loT, the physical channels may include the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) including user specific data, also referred to as downlink payload data, the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) including for example the master information block (MIB) or the system information block (SIB), the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) including for example the downlink control information (DCI), etc. The physical signals may comprise reference signals (RS), synchronization signals and the like. The LTE resource grid comprises a 10 ms frame in the time domain having a certain bandwidth in the frequency domain, e.g. 1.4 MHz. The frame has 10 subframes of 1 ms length, and each subframe includes two slots of 6 or 7 OFDM symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP) length.
-
Fig. 2a shows an exemplary scheme of anLTE frame 88 as described in connection withFig. 1 , theframe 88 may have ten subframes of 10 ms length, wherein each subframe may include twoslots 89 of six or seven OFDM symbols each, depending on the cyclic prefix (CP) length. For example, in LTE, eachslot 89 may comprise a number of resource blocks 92, wherein eachresource block 92 may be divided into a number of, for example, 12 subcarriers in frequency and into six or seven symbols in time.Resource elements 94 ofresource block 92 may have a length of one symbol and may occupy one subcarrier. - To transmit information, one, a plurality or all
resources elements 94 of aresource block 92 may be utilized. Alternatively or in addition, more than one resource block 92 (all available resource elements therein or only a part thereof) may be used. -
Fig. 2b shows a schematic view of an alternative structure offrame 88.Frame 88 may have a number ofL slots 89, wherein L may be any suitable number larger than 0, e.g., 1 or more, 2 or more, 5 or more, 10 or more or 15 or more such as 18. In accordance withFig. 2a , eachslot 89 may comprise a number of symbols, wherein the number of symbols may be different to 6 or 7, e.g., 14 or any other number. -
Fig. 3 shows an exemplary LTE OFDMA-based subframe with two antenna ports for different selected Tx antenna ports. The subframe includes two resource blocks (RB) each made up of one slot of the subframe and 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain. The subcarriers in the frequency domain are shown assubcarrier 0 tosubcarrier 11, and in the time domain, each slot includes 7 OFDM symbols, e.g. in theslot 0OFDM symbols 0 to 6 and inslot 1OFDM symbols 7 to 13 so as to have 14 OFDM symbols in a subframe. Thewhite boxes 106 represent resource elements allocated to the PDSCH including the payload or user data, also referred to a payload region. The resource elements for the physical control channels (including non-payload or non-user data), also referred to the control region, are represented by the hatched boxes 103. In accordance with examples, resource elements 103 may be allocated to the PDCCH, to the physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), and to the physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH). The crosshatched boxes 107 represent resource elements which are allocated to the RS that may be used for the channel estimation. Theblack boxes 108 represent unused resources in the current antenna port that may correspond to RSs in another antenna port. Theresource elements 103, 107, 108 allocated to the physical control channels and to the physical reference signals are not evenly distributed over time. More specifically, inslot 0 of the subframe the resource elements associated with thesymbol 0 and thesymbol 1 are allocated to the physical control channels or to the physical reference signals, no resource elements in thesymbols symbol 4 inslot 0 as well as the resource elements associated withsymbols slot 1 of the subframe are allocated in part to the physical control channels or to the physical reference signals. The white resource elements shown inFig. 3 may include symbols associated with payload data or user data and in theslot 0 forsymbols resource elements 106 may be allocated to payload data, whileless resource elements 106 are allocated to payload data insymbol 4 ofslot 0, and no resource element is allocated to payload data insymbols slot 1, the resource elements associated withsymbols symbols - Reference to LTE, especially in view of a frame structure, is made by way of non-limited example only. Frames may comprise a different structure, especially in view of a number of subframes, slots and/or resource blocks.
-
Fig. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of awireless communications network 40 according to an embodiment. Thewireless communications network 40 comprises one, two, three or even a higher number oftransmitters transmitters 12 may comprise, for example, a functionality ofloT devices 104 and/or of a UE. - The
wireless communications network 40 comprises abase station 14 configured for operating a wirelesscommunications network cell 100 of thewireless communications network 40 so as to provide communication in thecell 100. The communication may relate to a direct communication between thetransmitters transmitter 12, and thebase station 14 and/or between thetransmitter 122 and thebase station 14. For example, thebase station 14 may set up a communication scheme as described in connection withFigs. 1 to 3 as a basis for the embodiments described herein. I.e., the communication may be performed such that a communication frame is divided into a plurality of slots. Each slot comprises a plurality of associated physical resources as described in connection withFig. 2 . - The
transmitters signal respective frame respective transmitter base station 14, i.e., may correspond to a synchronization in time, frequency, and/or space at thebase station 14. Based on several mechanisms such as imprecise clocks of thetransmitters frames signals base station 14. Further, based on different traveling times (Time Of Flight) of thesignals frames base station 14. I.e., thetransmitters - The set-individual offset with regard to the synchronization in time, space and/or frequency at the
base station 14 does not limit the signals to be transmitted to be directed to the base station each but also allow, alternatively or in addition a peer-to-peer communication, i.e., a transmission of signals directly between peers such as UEs or loT devices. A peer-to-peer communication may benefit from the same advantages and may never the less agree on a common time/frequency/space structure as the one implemented at thebase station 14. - In difference to those concepts or effects and in difference to a constant offset in time for a specific transmission, the
transmitter 121 and/or 122 is configured to offset the transmission of each utilized slot within a frame individually, i.e., so as to comprise a set-individual offset as described in connection withFig. 5 . The set-individual offset refers to a set of physical resources used or employed within a slot. Resources of a frame or slot may exclusively be allocated to a single node. Alternatively, the base station may be configured for operating the wireless communications network cell according to a sparse allocation scheme. Alternatively or in addition, the transmitter may be configured for using the slots according to a sparse allocation scheme. A sparse allocation scheme may be understood as allocating only a subset of all possible resources to a node or application. - An example for a sparse allocation scheme is a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme. Such a NOMA scheme may be understood as allocating only a subset of slots to a transmitter or application and to reuse resources amongst transmitters or applications so as to generate an overload within the network. Collisions obtained thereby may be resolved such that an overall throughput may be increased. For example,
Fig. 5 illustrates theframe 88 as having a number ofN slots 891 to 89N, eachslot 891 to 89N having a time duration Ts within the frame duration TF. For example, alayer 181 comprises resources ofslots layer 182 may compriseslots slot 183 may compriseslots slots 891 to 894 are associated or divided into three sets or layers of slots, wherein each slot is double-used by auser 181 to 183. A different way of allocating or dividing resources may be implemented. - To each
slot 89, there may be associated aset 22 of resources that may implement at least oneresource element 94, a set or even complete resource block respectively. Theset 22 of resources used by a transmitter may be set-individually offset with respect to a beginning or start 241, 242, 243, 244, respectively of aslot 89i. The transmitter may send thesignal 161 such that theresources 2211 are offset by the offset O11 with respect to the beginning 24, ofslot 891. Further, the transmitter may be configured for transmitting thesignal 161 such that theset 2213 of resources is offset by an offset O12 with respect to the start 243 ofslot 893 in time. Offsets O11 and O12 are different from each other and are individually selected or determined for each set 2211 and 2213 within alayer 181 to 18s. - In
layer 182, set 2221 of resources is offset by an offset O21 with respect to the start 242 ofslot 892. Further, theset 2222 is offset by an offset O22 with respect to the start 244 ofslot 894. - Further, in
layer 183, a set 2231 (that may be equal to the set 2211) may be offset with a set-individual offset O31 with respect to thestart 241. Theset 2232 oflayer 183, that may be equal to theset 2222, may be offset by an offset O32 with respect to thestart 244. - Within one
layer 181 to 183 and/or withinsets 22 of asame slot 89, the offsets may differ from each other, wherein, the offsets are selected, chosen or set such that the respective offset applies at the receiving node, e.g., the base station. This allows colliding sets, e.g., sets 221, and 2231, to be at least partially successfully decoded with a high probability. - A transmitter may use, select or have allocated any number of slots and/or any number of
sets 22 and/or any number of resources allocated to a slot or OFDM symbol. - In other words, embodiments provide for a system where users access multiple instances of the channel resource for transmission. The motivation for the sparse resource mapping is to reduce the receiver complexity while effectively allowing for overloading the system. Embodiments provide for a system that extends known systems to consider (probably deterministic) sparse slot allocation, i.e., the transmission is spread over a subset of available slots within one frame (or subsets of physical resource blocks - PRBs - within an orthogonal grid). Additionally, embodiments allow to employ a user specific shift/offset in time and/or frequency domain, wherein user specific is related to user-specific patterns of set-individual offsets within one layer.
- Embodiments are based on the assumptions that a sparse resource allocation can be assumed randomly, i.e., each user may pick a random slot/PRB(s) for transmission, as in a contention-based scenario. Alternatively, the allocation may be scheduled following a certain structure which can be regular (e.g., structured based on a predefined code-book or generated following a certain rule or may, alternatively, be irregular). Alternatively, or in addition, a UE/device or a set of UEs/devices with sporadic activation can use a preconfigured (rather than scheduled) set of resources such as a resource pool/bandwidth part or the like for non-orthogonal transmissions in a grant-free fashion. The preconfigured set of resources can be understood as a form of semi-persistent scheduling. A further assumption is that each slot may carry a replica of the user's code-word (e.g., in a random-access scheme) and/or may have parts of the message to be transmitted (i.e., the message is split and transmitted over multiple slots in case of a large code-word and/or a low code-rate).
-
Fig. 6a shows a schematic diagram for illustrating an implementation of set-specific offsets according to an embodiment. By way of example, there is shown a two-dimensional grid of resources R1 and R2, wherein, for example, those resources are selected from the resource frequency, time, and space. - By way of example, resource R1 may be time and resource R2 may be frequency.
Sets Fig. 5 , thesets Sets -
Fig. 6b shows a schematic diagram ofsets -
Fig. 6c shows a schematic diagram of thesets start 242 in time and of a minimum frequency 26, of the resources according to a synchronized schedule of theframe 88. -
Set 222 may be offset with an offset O21 with respect to astart 244 in time and/or with an offset O22 with respect to a minimum frequency 262 of the resources in thesynchronized frame 88, wherein synchronization refers, within the scope of the present embodiments, to time and frequency. - Offsets described herein relate to non-zero values in time and/or frequency. According to an embodiment, it may be sufficient that one offset, i.e., the time-value or the frequency-value is non-zero. According to embodiments, both values may be non-zero. Further, embodiments relate to transmitters that offset different sets within a single frame with offsets of different resources. I.e., a first set of resources within a frame of a transmitter may be offset with respect to time and a second set may be offset with respect to frequency only. Alternatively, at least one of the sets may be offset in two-dimensions or even in three-dimensions, i.e., a third resource.
- When referring again to
Fig. 5 , a maximum value of the set-individual offset in the illustrated two-dimensional grid, e.g., a time-frequency grid, may be selected such that a center of gravity of the used set of resources is located within the synchronized slot of the frame. I.e., a set-individual offset may comprise a time offset being larger than -0.5 of a time duration the slot and smaller than +0.5 of the time duration. Between those values, the set-individual offset may have any value, wherein, for example, the offsets may differ with respect to each other by at least 0.05 of the time duration of the slot, at least 0.1 of the time duration of the slot or 0.15 of the slot duration. Alternatively, although the described offset in time provides for the advantage that the transmitted part signal may uniquely associated with a slot, embodiments are not limited hereto such that an offset in time of less than -0.5 of the time duration and/or more than +0.5 of the time duration may be selected. - Alternatively or in addition, the set-individual offset may comprise a frequency offset. The frequency offset may be larger than -0.5 of a frequency bandwidth of a carrier or subcarrier used by the set and may be smaller than +0.5 of the frequency bandwidth. I.e., the
set 22 being arranged within a carrier or subcarrier, the frequency offset may be smaller than half of the bandwidth in positive or in negative direction. Alternatively, although the described offset in frequency provides for the advantage that the transmitted part signal may uniquely associated, embodiments are not limited hereto such that an offset in frequency of less than -0.5 of the bandwidth and/or more than +0.5 of the bandwidth may be selected. -
Fig. 6d shows a comparison between different offset schedules.Different layers 18i may access or use different slots offrame 88, e.g. according to a sparse allocation scheme such as non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). Alternatively, a different scheme may be implemented and/or all slots may be accessed or used by one or more layers. - By way of example, the different schemes to be compared in
Fig. 6d are illustrated over a common time axis t of time duration tFrame offrame 89, wherein the details explained may be transferred to any other resource being equipped with an offset such as frequency. The time axis may be valid for the base station, i.e., shows the arrival of signals at the base station. - The upper portion of
Fig. 6d shows a synchronized or non-staggered or offset-free communication using the communication scheme or frame structure ofFig. 2b . Offset free refers, as the set-individual offset, to a synchronization at the base station, i.e., the signals of the transmitters arriving at the base station may be, for example, free of an offset, e.g., using a timing advance or the like. - The centered portion of
Fig. 6d shows a known regular staggered communication in which eachlayer 18 has a constant, i.e., layer-specific offset such that atransmitter using layer 182 uses offset Δ1 for all slots and atransmitter using layer 183 uses a different offset Δ1 for all slots. - The lower portion of
Fig. 6d shows a concept in accordance with embodiments. The concept may be referred to as irregular staggered which does not exclude that set-specific offsets for a regular or irregular pattern within a frame but refers to differing offset values within alayer 18. For example, in layer 181 a set-specific offset O11, is implemented for thefirst set 2211 of physical resources used inslot 891 and set-specific offset O12 is implement for thesecond set 2212 of physical resources used inslot 893. Offsets O11 and O12 may differ from each other. Similarly, in layer 182 a set-specific offset O21, is implemented for the first used set 2221 of physical resources used inslot 892 and set-specific offset O22 is implement for the second used set 2222 of physical resources used inslot 89L. Similarly, in layer 183 a set-specific offset O31, is implemented for the first used set 2231 of physical resources used inslot 893 and set-specific offset O32 is implement for the second used set 2232 of physical resources used inslot 89L. - The set-individual offset O12 may be comparatively large but is selected such that a center of gravity 3812 of the
set 2212 is still within the associated or dedicatedslot 893. Accordingly, centers of gravity of the other sets may be inside the associated slots. The center of gravity of a slot such as center ofgravity 8812 may be determined by a center of time or half of the time duration and/or by a center of frequency or half of the used frequency bandwidth. - Whilst offset values of different layers may be same or equal, even for a same slot used in different layers, it is preferred that set-specific offset values within a
same layer 18i differ from each other with regard to at least one resource or dimension of the grid. That is, by way of example, when implementing a set-specific offset in two dimensions such as time and frequency, differing in time, set-specific offsets may be same or equal in frequency and/or vice versa. -
Fig. 7a shows a schematic block diagram of the wirelesscommunications network cell 100 in a configuration having thebase station 14 receiving signals from nine transmittingUEs 121 to 129. -
Fig. 7b shows a schematic diagram of an example scheme for scheduling the six OFDMA symbols to the nineUEs 121 to 129 ofFig. 7a so as to overload the wireless channel and to enable the nine transmitters to transmit simultaneously. Although this overload may lead to interference, based on a pattern according to which the different symbols are accessed, successful decoding may be possible. Alternatively or in addition to the number of symbols, the frame may be divided differently. An overloadingallocation 28 this allocates only specific symbols or allocatedsets 32 of resources torespective layers 181 to 189. - To each
transmitter 12, to 129, arespective layer 181to 189 may be associated. As described, more than one layer may be associated to a transmitter. Thelayers 18 associated to a single transmitter may be cyclically shifted so as to allow a single transmitter using resources that are spaced within the respective resources so as to increase an overall communication quality. For example, if a specific time slot or frequency range is blocked, probability may be low or reduced for a spaced apart time or frequency. - An overloading
allocation 34 with offsets allows to obtain an offset to each allocated set 321 to 3218 over alllayers 181 to 189. The offset may be different betweensets 32 within alayer 181 to 189. - In other words, one aspect of the embodiments described herein is that each user/layer has a random or deterministic offset, i.e., time delay or frequency shift or space shift in the range of at most ± half the respective maximum values such as a slot-duration or frequency bandwidth for each transmission, in particular, sparse transmissions. Each user/layer may transmit on more than one slot within one frame, for example, in a regular sparse scheme. Each of these transmissions may have a certain time shift and/or frequency shift on top. If shifts/delays are selected in the range of ± half the slot duration, the system may be denoted as "frame asynchronous", i.e., parts of the message may exceed the frame-boundaries, e.g., when the first slot has a negative time-offset and/or the last slot has a positive time-offset. If shifts are selected such that all transmissions area allocated within the frame, the system may be denoted as frame-synchronous. This may be obtained, for example, when leaving the first and/or last slot unused, e.g., in a sparse transmission, when providing for a positive offset for the first slot and/or a negative offset for the last slot. Although this was described in connection with time, the slots can also be frequency bins or any other resource.
- When referring again to
Fig. 7a , the delay to be applied may be determined by a network controller being in communication with the base station. Such a network controller may be at least partially implemented at a distant entity in communication with the base station and/or may at least partially be implemented as part of the base station. The network controller may at least partially be implemented in one or more transmitters. - The
network controller 36 may be configured for determining an upper bound and/or a lower bound of the set-individual offset. Such information may be broadcasted, for example, by thenetwork controller 36 and/or thebase station 14. Thetransmitters network controller 36 and/or thebase station 14. That is, according to an embodiment, the transmitter selects its offset within the boundaries. Alternatively or in addition, the network controller may be configured for determining the set-individual offset. The network controller may thus provide for a direct value, a range from which the set-specific offset is to be selected and/or a codebook containing a plurality of offset-values, e.g., to determine a sequence of offset-values for a plurality of slots or frames such that by using such a sequence additional information or redundancy may be transmitted. The sequence may be determined or selected, for example, so as to obtain any kind of pseudo-random sequence being influenced, for example by a user-ID, a type of the device, a type of application operated by the transmitter or the like. Such a sequence may be pre-configured by way of a codebook. - The offset may be determined for a single transmitter, for all transmitters and/or group-wise for a group of transmitters. For example, transmitters that are collocated with respect to each other, for example,
transmitters 121 to 123,transmitters 124 to 126 andtransmitters 127 to 129, may be controlled so as to implement a same or at least comparable set-individual offset. - Such a group-based selection of the set-specific offset or a sequence thereof may be done based, for example, on a device category such that devices of a same category may have same offset-values or same boundaries, wherein different boundaries of different types of devices may be connected/overlapping or disjoint. Example types of devices are Internet-of-Things (IoT), voice, URLLC, eMBB (enhanced Mobile Broadband), etc., wherein this does not exclude a finer granularity, e.g., within loT devices, for example, devices relating to water, gas, power etc. Alternatively or in addition, such a group based selection may also refer to an application being executed or implemented at the transmitter. This allows to facilitate autonomous networks excluding a centralized base station. Further, groups may also relate to types of services, e.g., voice services, loT services, gold services or the like. For some or each of such services a specific offset or range thereof may be defined.
- The
base station 14 may transmit a signal to thetransmitters 12, to 129, for example, as a signal having a dedicated receiver and/or by use of a broadcast signal. The signal may indicate the determined set-individual offset. Thetransmitter 121 to 129 may apply the set-individual offset according to the received signal. That is, alternatively or in addition to setting only the boundaries of the specific set-individual offset, the set-individual offset may be determined completely by thenetwork controller 36. Alternatively or in addition, thetransmitter 121 to 129 may select the set-individual offset randomly. - According to an embodiment, the
base station 14 may operate the wirelesscommunications network cell 100 according to a specific communication mode or in one of a predefined communication mode. A first mode may be, for example, to allocate all slots to a transmitter. a second mode may be, for example, to have a first overload rate such as 3:2. A third mode may be implemented so as to implement a second overload rate such as 9:6 as indicated inFig. 7b or a different rate. Thebase station 14 may implement only one of those modes or may be configured to switch between modes, for example, responsive to a number of transmitters requesting communication within thecell 100. In either way, the transmitters may have knowledge about a specific number ofsets 22 that may be used for communication within a frame. Thetransmitters 12 may further have knowledge about predefined patters of set-individual offsets, for example, by receiving a respective signal from thenetwork controller 36 over thebase station 14. Alternatively, such information may be common for the whole network and thus known to the transmitter. Thetransmitter 121 to 129 may select one of the patterns set-individual offset and may implement the set-individual offset according to the selected pattern. - By way of example, the
network controller 36 may be configured for determining a plurality of sets of offsets. Each set of offsets may contain a plurality of offset-values associated to a plurality ofsets 22 of physical resources. The transmitter may be configured for selecting one of the plurality of sets of offsets and to apply the set-individual offset to a plurality ofsets 22 of physical resources within a frame. - According to an embodiment, each of the sets of offset-values may comprise a unique offset-pattern associated to the set of offset values. Such a uniqueness may also be known to the
base station 14 and may thus enhance decoding or resolving interference as, for example, detected offsets for a subset of used sets 22 may lead to a pre-known or at least decodable set-individual offset for one or more remaining sets. -
Fig. 8a shows a schematic block diagram illustrating the concept of mapping or dividing thesignal 16 to be transmitted by atransmitter 12 into a number of part signals 42, to 42P, wherein P may be any number larger than 1, for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, or even a larger number, e.g., 10, 15 or higher. The content of thesignal 16 may be split so as to be included into one or more part signals 42, to 42P. For example, the content of thesignal 16 may be coded with a code rate such that information that needs to be transmitted is increased. When exceeding a number of OFDM symbols within a slot, a higher number of slots may be used so as to commonly transmit thesignal 16. Alternatively or in addition, one or more of the part signals 42, to 42P may contain a retransmission of a different part signal. I.e., the content of anypart signal 421 to 42P may be same and/or different when compared to each of the remaining part signals. Each of the part signals 42, to 42P may be mapped to arespective set 221 to 22P offrame 88. That is, the transmitter may be configured for dividing thesignal 16 into a number of part signal and/or to retransmit at least a part of the signal as a part signal. - The number of part signals 42 may be known at the beginning of mapping the
signal 16 into part signals, e.g., based on the number of fractions used or required. Alternatively, the number may dynamically be chosen, e.g., when awaiting a positive or negative acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) that may cause the transmitter to transmit a further retransmission as part of the signal, thereby spontaneous or dynamically increasing the number of part signals. That is, the number of re-transmissions can be fixed or adaptive, e.g. each UE re-transmits until an ACK is received of a maximum number of re-transmissions is performed. Embodiments relate to the set-individual offset being implemented as a pattern. For example, each part of the message (part signal) is derived from the number of repetitions may indicate its number of retransmissions by the offset chosen, (e.g. the first transmission has 0 offset, the second has 1, the third has 2 ... etc.). This has the advantage that a receiver can estimate the number of re-transmissions required for successful decoding. - I.e., a part signal may be at least a first re-transmission of another part signal, wherein the set-individual offset is selected such that the set-individual offset applied to the retransmitting part-signal is associated with a number of prior transmissions.
-
Fig. 8b shows a further schematic block diagram illustrating the concept of mapping thesignal 16 to be transmitted by atransmitter 12 into a number of part signals 42. According to an option A) thesignal 16 may be transmitted in onesingle slot 89i offrame 88, i.e., thesignal 16 may be incorporated into asingle part signal 421. Thispart signal 42, may be repeatedly transmitted in the associated slots which are, for example, allslots 89 offrame 88. That is, thepart signal 42, is transmitted aspart signal 421,1 in the first allocated or selectedslot 891, aspart signal 421,2 in thesecond slot 892, aspart signal 421,3 in thethird slot 893 and so on. The part signals 421,i with i = 1,...,l may thus contain equal information or be equal. - According to an option B), the
signal 16 is divided into a number of I part signals 42i with i = 1,...,I and be each a fraction ofsignal 16 and thus comprise different information. Each of the part signals 42i may be transmitted in acorresponding slot 89i. - Option A) and B) are extreme cases in either having no retransmission and only fractions in option B) or only retransmissions and no fractions in option A). Embodiments are not limited hereto but allow for mixing both options up, i.e., to have fractions as well as repetitions/retransmissions. Further embodiments are not limited to transmissions in which each slot is assigned to a user but can also be implemented in sparse allocation schemes.
- Embodiments allow thus to an improved diversity that can be exploded at the receiver for decoding. Embodiments may be used for an extension to NOMA with sparse resource allocation in order to increase the time-diversity and to resolve collisions, but are not limited hereto and may also be implemented in connection with regular resource allocations. Embodiments may alternatively or in addition be used as an extension, i.e., on top, to time-hoping concepts. Such a design is proposed for ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC), see [2]. In connection with the embodiments described herein, a low latency may be obtained together with a high probability of decoding messages at the receiver such that both targets may be achieved, i.e., having a high throughput and having a high reliability. An example for a known URLLC given in [2], where K repetitions are scheduled persistently to the UE in order to increase the reliability states that: "even more than one UE is assigned the same periodicity, offset and symbol allocation with the slot, and if these UEs become active at the same time, then they will collide persistently. Frequency hopping can address this situation to some extent provided there are sufficiently many RBs available to hop across relative to the RB allocation needed for each UE. However, especially if reliability is an important consideration (such as for eURLLC), the number of RBs required for each transmission may itself be large. In such a scenario, an alternative option is to have hopping in the time domain. The same design is applicable to both PUSCH repetition with and without grant."
- Embodiments are related to a sign and additional user dependent fractional offset to the repetitions (on resource element (RE)-level in time/frequency domain) in order to provide persistent collision.
- A transmitter according to an embodiment, for example, the
transmitter 121 and/or 122 ofFig. 4 and/or one or more of thetransmitters 12, to 129 ofFig. 7a may comprise an interface configured for transmitting a signal in a wireless communications network cell of a wireless communications network. The transmitter may comprise a control unit configured for mapping the signal into a number of part signals, as described, for example, in connection withFig. 8a . The control unit may be configured for transmitting the number of part signals with a corresponding number of associated slots or sets 22 of the wireless communications network cell using a corresponding number of sets of physical resources. Each set may contain at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of the slot. The control unit may be configured for transmitting the number of part signals with a set-individual offset such that each set of physical resources is shifted with respect to a synchronized start of the slot in time and/or frequency. That is, the part signals may be transmitted in aset 22 each, wherein each set may have a subset or all of the available resources of a slot. - A base station according to an embodiment, for example, the
base station 14, may be configured for operating a wireless communications network cell, e.g.,cell 100, according to a wireless communications network scheme. The scheme may comprise a plurality of frames, each frame comprising a plurality of slots, each slot comprising a plurality of associated physical resources. The base station may comprise an interface configured for receiving a first number of part signals from a first transmitter. The interface may be configured for receiving a second number of part signals from a second transmitter. Each part signal is associated to a slot of a dedicated frame, i.e., the first number of part signals and the second number of part signals are received within the same frame and are scheduled, by the respective transmitter, to the same frame. Each part signal of the first number of part signals comprises a set-individual offset within the first number and with respect to a synchronized start of the slot. Each part signal of the second number of part signals comprises a set-individual offset within the second number and with respect to the synchronized start of the slot. According to embodiments, the set-individual offsets of the first number and of the second number may be same, for example, based on a group-wise definition of a network controller and/or by selecting the same values by the respective transmitter. Alternatively, the offsets may be different when compared to each other. In both cases, the set-individual offsets may comprise different offset values within the first number and within the second number of parked signals. the base station may comprise a decoding unit configured for decoding the received first part signals and the received second part signals and for correcting interference caused by an overlap of the first part signals with the second part signals. - In the following, additional embodiments and aspects of the invention will be described which can be used individually or in combination with any of the features and functionalities and details described herein.
- 1. Wireless communications network comprising:
- a
base station 14 configured for operating a wirelesscommunications network cell 100 of the wireless communications network so as to provide communication in a plurality ofslots 89, eachslot 89 comprising a plurality of associated physical resources; - at least one
transmitter 12 configured for transmitting asignal 16 in the wirelesscommunications network cell 100 by mapping thesignal 16 into a number of part signals 42 and for transmitting the number of part signals 42 with a corresponding number of associatedslots 89 using a corresponding number ofsets 22 of physical resources, each set 22 containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of theslot 89; - wherein each set 22 of physical resources is received at the
base station 14 shifted with a set-individual offset O with respect to asynchronized start 24, 26 of theslot 89.
- a
- 2. The wireless communications network of
aspect 1, wherein the set-individual offset O comprises an offset in time and/or in frequency. - 3. The wireless communications network of
aspect set 22 of resources is within the associatedslot 89. - 4. The wireless communications network of one of previous aspects, wherein the set-individual offset O comprises a time offset and wherein the time offset is larger than - 0.5 of a time duration of the
slot 89 and smaller than +0.5 of the time duration. - 5. The wireless communications network of one of previous aspects, wherein the set-individual offset O comprises a frequency offset and wherein the frequency offset is larger than -0.5 of a frequency bandwidth of a carrier and smaller than +0.5 of the frequency bandwidth.
- 6. The wireless communications network of one of previous aspects, wherein the set-individual offset O is a non-zero offset selected individually for each set 22 within a
frame 88 comprising a number ofslots 89. - 7. The wireless communications network of one of previous aspects,
- wherein a
network controller 36 being in communication with thebase station 14 is configured for determining an upper bound and a lower bound of the set-individual offset O and wherein thetransmitter 12 is configured for determining the set-individual offset O so as to be within the lower bound and the upper bound; and/or - wherein the
network controller 36 is configured for determining the set-individual offset, wherein thebase station 14 is configured for transmitting a signal to thetransmitter 12, indicating the determined set-individual offset O, wherein thetransmitter 12 is configured for applying the set-individual offset according to the signal; and/or - wherein the
transmitter 12 is configured for selecting the set-individual offset O randomly.
- wherein a
- 8. The wireless communications network of one of previous aspects, wherein a
network controller 36 being in communication with thebase station 14 is configured for determining a plurality of sets of offsets, each set of offsets containing a plurality of offset-values associated to a plurality ofsets 22 of physical resources, wherein thetransmitter 12 is configured for selecting one of the plurality of sets of offsets and to apply the set-individual offsets O to a plurality ofsets 22 of physical resources within a frame 889 comprising a number ofslots 89. - 9. The wireless communications network of
aspect 8, wherein the each of the sets of offset-values comprises a unique offset-pattern associated to the set of offset-values. - 10. The wireless communications network of one of previous aspects, wherein the
second part signal 422 is at least a first re-transmission of thefirst part signal 421, wherein the set-individual offset is selected such that the set-individual offset applied to the second part-signal 422 is associated with a number of prior transmissions. - 11. The wireless communications network of one of previous aspects, wherein a
network controller 36 being in communication with thebase station 14 is configured for determining the set-individual offset of afirst slot 89a orlast slot 89N of a frame so as to exceed theframe 88. - 12. The wireless communications network of one of previous aspects, wherein the
base station 14 is configured for operating the wirelesscommunications network cell 100 according to a sparse allocation scheme and/or wherein thetransmitter 12 is configured for using theslots 89 according to the sparse allocation scheme. - 13. The wireless communications network of one of previous aspects, wherein the
base station 14 is configured for operating the wirelesscommunications network cell 100 according to a non-orthogonal multiple access scheme and/or wherein thetransmitter 12 is configured for using the slots according to the non-orthogonal multiple access scheme. - 14. The wireless communications network of
aspect 13, wherein thebase station 14 is configured for operating the wireless communications network according to a frame structure, eachframe 88 comprising a number ofslots 89, wherein the non-orthogonal multiple access scheme provides for a plurality oflayers 18, eachlayer 18 comprising a subset of the number ofslots 89, wherein thetransmitter 12 is configured for using at least onelayer 18 for transmission. - 15. The wireless communications network of
aspect 14, wherein thetransmitter 12 is configured for using at least a first and asecond layer 18 within aframe 88. - 16. The wireless communications network of aspect 15, wherein the
first layer 18 and thesecond layer 18 are cyclically shifted within the plurality of layers. - 17. The wireless communications network of one of previous aspects, wherein the
transmitter 12 is configured for dividing thesignal 16 into the number of part signals 42 and/or to retransmit at least a part of thesignal 16 as apart signal 16. - 18. The wireless communications network of aspect 17, wherein the transmitter is configured for dynamically mapping the signal into a dynamically changing number of part signals.
- 19. The wireless communications network of one of previous aspects, wherein the set-specific offset is defined for a group of transmitters, the group being formed based on at least one of:
- an application of the transmitter;
- a device type of the transmitter; and
- a service provided by the transmitter.
- 20. Wireless Communications network comprising:
- a
base station 14 configured for operating a wirelesscommunications network cell 100 of the wireless communications network so as to provide communication in a plurality ofslots 88, eachslot 88 comprising a plurality of associated physical resources; - at least one
transmitter 12 configured for transmitting asignal 16 in the wirelesscommunications network cell 100 by mapping thesignal 16 into a number of part signals 42 and for transmitting the number of part signals 42 associated to a corresponding number of slots using a corresponding number ofsets 22 of physical resources, each set 22 containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of the slot; - wherein each set 22 of physical resources is received at the base station shifted with a frequency offset O1, O2, O12, O22 with respect to a synchronized minimum frequency 261, 262 of the
slot 88.
- a
- 21. The wireless communications network of aspect 20, wherein the frequency offset O1, O2, O12, O22 is a set-individual offset O.
- 22. A
transmitter 12 comprising:- an interface configured for transmitting a
signal 16 in a wirelesscommunications network cell 100 of a wireless communications network; - a control unit configured for mapping the
signal 16 into a number of part signals 42 and for transmitting the number of part signals 42 with a corresponding number of associatedslots 89 of the wirelesscommunications network cell 100 using a corresponding number ofsets 22 of physical resources, each set 22 containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of theslot 89; - wherein the control unit is configured for transmitting the number of part signals 42 with a set-individual offset O such that each set 22 of physical resources is shifted with respect to a synchronized start of the slot.
- an interface configured for transmitting a
- 23. A
base station 14 configured for operating a wirelesscommunications network cell 100 according to a wireless communications network scheme comprising a plurality offrames 88, eachframe 88 comprising a plurality ofslots 89, eachslot 89 comprising a plurality of associated physical resources, thebase station 14 comprising:- an interface configured for receiving a first number of part signals 42 from a
first transmitter 121; and a second number of part signals 42 from asecond transmitter 122, eachpart signal 42 being associated to aslot 89 of adedicated frame 88, wherein eachpart signal 89 of the first number of part signals comprises a set-individual offset O within the first number and with respect to asynchronized start 24 of theslot 8; and wherein eachpart signal 42 of the second number part signals comprises a set-individual offset O within the second number and with respect to thesynchronized start 24 of theslot 88; - a decoding unit configured for decoding the received first part signals 42 and the received second part signals 42 and for correcting interference caused by an overlap of the first part signals 42 with the second part signals 42.
- an interface configured for receiving a first number of part signals 42 from a
- 24. Method for operating a wireless communications network, the method comprising:
- operating a wireless
communications network cell 100 of the wireless communications network so as to provide communication in a plurality ofslots 89 such that eachslot 89 comprises a plurality of associated physical resources; - transmitting a
signal 16 in the wireless communications network cell by mapping thesignal 16 into a number of part signals 42; - transmitting the number of part signals 42 with a corresponding number of associated
slots 89 using a corresponding number ofsets 22 of physical resources, each set 22 containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of theslot 89; - such that each set 22 of physical resources is received at a
base station 14 shifted with a set-individual offset O with respect to asynchronized start 24, 26 of theslot 89.
- operating a wireless
- 25. Method for operating a wireless communications network, the method comprising:
- operating a wireless
communications network cell 100 of the wireless communications network so as to provide communication in a plurality ofslots 88 such that eachslot 88 comprises a plurality of associated physical resources; - transmitting a
signal 16 in the wireless communications network cell by mapping thesignal 16 into a number of part signals 42; - transmitting the number of part signals 42 with a corresponding number of associated
slots 89 using a corresponding number ofsets 22 of physical resources, each set 22 containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of theslot 89; - such that each set 22 of physical resources is received at a
base station 14 shifted with a frequency offset O1, O2, O12, O22 with respect to a synchronized minimum frequency 26 of theslot 88.
- operating a wireless
- 26. Method for operating a
transmitter 12, the method comprising:- transmitting a
signal 16 in a wirelesscommunications network cell 100 of a wireless communications network using an interface by mapping thesignal 16 into a number of part signals 42; and by transmitting the number of part signals 42 with a corresponding number of associatedslots 89 of the wirelesscommunications network cell 100 using a corresponding number ofsets 22 of physical resources, each set 22 containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of theslot 89; - transmitting the number of part signals 42 with a set-individual offset O such that each set 22 of physical resources is shifted with respect to a
synchronized start 24, 26 of the slot.
- transmitting a
- 27. Method for operating a base station14 configured for operating a wireless
communications network cell 100 according to a wireless communications network scheme comprising a plurality offrames 88, eachframe 88 comprising a plurality ofslots 89, eachslot 89 comprising a plurality of associated physical resources, the method comprising:- receiving a fist number of part signals 42 from a
first transmitter 121; and receiving a second number of part signals 42 from asecond transmitter 122, eachpart signal 42 being associated to aslot 89 of adedicated frame 88, wherein eachpart signal 42 of the first number of part signals comprises a set-individual offset O within the first number and with respect to asynchronized start 24, 26 of the slot; and wherein eachpart signal 42 of the second number part signals comprises a set-individual offset O within the second number and with respect to thesynchronized start 24, 26 of the slot; and - decoding the received first part signals 42 and the received second part signals 42 and for correcting interference caused by an overlap of the first part signals 42 with the second part signals 42.
- receiving a fist number of part signals 42 from a
- 28. Non transitory storage medium having stored thereon a computer program having a program code for performing, when running on a computer, a method according to one of
aspects 24 to 27. - Although some aspects have been described in the context of an apparatus, it is clear that these aspects also represent a description of the corresponding method, where a block or device corresponds to a method step or a feature of a method step. Analogously, aspects described in the context of a method step also represent a description of a corresponding block or item or feature of a corresponding apparatus.
- Depending on certain implementation requirements, embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or in software. The implementation can be performed using a digital storage medium, for example a floppy disk, a DVD, a CD, a ROM, a PROM, an EPROM, an EEPROM or a FLASH memory, having electronically readable control signals stored thereon, which cooperate (or are capable of cooperating) with a programmable computer system such that the respective method is performed.
- Some embodiments according to the invention comprise a data carrier having electronically readable control signals, which are capable of cooperating with a programmable computer system, such that one of the methods described herein is performed.
- Generally, embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as a computer program product with a program code, the program code being operative for performing one of the methods when the computer program product runs on a computer. The program code may for example be stored on a machine-readable carrier.
- Other embodiments comprise the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein, stored on a machine-readable carrier.
- In other words, an embodiment of the inventive method is, therefore, a computer program having a program code for performing one of the methods described herein, when the computer program runs on a computer.
- A further embodiment of the inventive methods is, therefore, a data carrier (or a digital storage medium, or a computer-readable medium) comprising, recorded thereon, the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein.
- A further embodiment of the inventive method is, therefore, a data stream or a sequence of signals representing the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein. The data stream or the sequence of signals may for example be configured to be transferred via a data communication connection, for example via the Internet.
- A further embodiment comprises a processing means, for example a computer, or a programmable logic device, configured to or adapted to perform one of the methods described herein.
- A further embodiment comprises a computer having installed thereon the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein.
- In some embodiments, a programmable logic device (for example a field programmable gate array) may be used to perform some or all of the functionalities of the methods described herein. In some embodiments, a field programmable gate array may cooperate with a microprocessor in order to perform one of the methods described herein. Generally, the methods are preferably performed by any hardware apparatus.
- The above described embodiments are merely illustrative for the principles of the present invention. It is understood that modifications and variations of the arrangements and the details described herein will be apparent to others skilled in the art. It is the intent, therefore, to be limited only by the scope of the impending patent claims and not by the specific details presented by way of description and explanation of the embodiments herein.
-
- [1] 3GPP: R1-1810623, Transmitter side signal processing of ACMA, Hughes
- [2] 3GPP: R1-1811274, "Enhanced SPS and grant-free transmissions"
Claims (16)
- A transmitter (12) comprising:an interface configured for transmitting a signal (16) in a wireless communications network cell (100) of a wireless communications network;a control unit configured for mapping the signal (16) into a number of part signals (42) and for transmitting the number of part signals (42) with a corresponding number of associated slots (89) of the wireless communications network cell (100) using a corresponding number of sets (22) of physical resources, each set (22) containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of the slot (89);wherein the control unit is configured for transmitting the number of part signals (42) with a set-individual offset (O) being individual for the set of physical resources such that each set (22) of physical resources is shifted with respect to a synchronized start of the slot.
- The transmitter according to claim 1, wherein the set-individual offset (O) is at least one of:• a configured offset• a fixed offset
- The transmitter according to claim 2, wherein the transmitter is configured for selecting the selected offset based on at least one of:• a number of retransmissions;• from a list of configured offsets;• according to a selected or configured criterion such as a device category;• based on an application executed or implemented at the transmitter;• a device type of the transmitter;• a service provided by the transmitter• according to a configured or selected (hopping) sequence; and• randomly.
- The transmitter according to one of previous claims, wherein the transmitter is configured for deriving a part signal from a number of repetitions of the transmission and to select the set-individual offset based on the number of retransmissions, wherein the set-individual offset indicates a number of retransmissions.
- The transmitter according to one of previous claims, wherein the transmitter is adapted to obtain at least one of the part signals to comprise a retransmission of a different part signal.
- The transmitter according to one of previous claims, wherein the transmitter is configured for dividing the signal (16) into a number of part signal and/or to retransmit at least a part of the signal as a part signal.
- The transmitter of one of previous claims, wherein the transmitter is configured for dynamically mapping the signal into a dynamically changing number of part signals.
- The transmitter according to one of previous claims,wherein the transmitter (12) is configured for determining the set-individual offset (O) so as to be within a lower bound and an upper bound indicated by a network controller or a base station; and/orwherein the transmitter (12) is configured for applying the set-individual offset according to a received signal indicating the set-individual offset (O),; and/orwherein the transmitter (12) is configured for selecting the set-individual offset (O) randomly.
- The transmitter of one of previous claims, wherein the transmitter (12) is configured for receiving a signal indicating a plurality of sets of offsets and for selecting one of the plurality of sets of offsets and to apply the set-individual offsets (O) to a plurality of sets (22) of physical resources within a frame (88) comprising a number of slots (89).
- The transmitter of claim 9, wherein the each of the sets of offset-values comprises a unique offset-pattern associated to the set of offset-values.
- The transmitter of one of previous claims, wherein the transmitter (12) is configured for using the slots (89) according to a sparse allocation scheme.
- The transmitter of one of previous claims, wherein the transmitter (12) is configured for using the slots according a non-orthogonal multiple access scheme.
- A base station (14) configured for operating a wireless communications network cell (100) of the wireless communications network so as to provide communication in a plurality of slots (89), each slot (89) comprising a plurality of associated physical resources;wherein the base station (14) is configured for receiving, from a plurality of transmitters a corresponding plurality of signals (16), each signal (16) being mapped into a number of part signals (42) and transmitted with the number of part signals (42) with a corresponding number of associated slots (89) using a corresponding number of sets (22) of physical resources, each set (22) containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of the slot (89); shifted with a set-individual offset (O) being individual for the set of physical resources with respect to a synchronized start (24, 26) of the slot (89); andwherein the base station (14) is configured for processing the received signals.
- The base station of claim 13,
wherein a network controller (36) being in communication with the base station (14) is configured for determining an upper bound and a lower bound of the set-individual offset (O); wherein the base station (14) is configured for transmitting a signal to the transmitter (12), indicating the determined set-individual offset (O). - A network controller for operating in a wireless communications network,
wherein the network controller (36) is configured for determining an upper bound and a lower bound of the set-individual offset (O); wherein the set-individual offset (O) relates to a mapping of a signal to be transmitted by a transmitter into a number of part signals (42) the number of part signals (42) to be transmitted with a corresponding number of associated slots (89) of a wireless communications network cell (100) of the wireless communication network using a corresponding number of sets (22) of physical resources, each set (22) containing at least a subset of the associated plurality of physical resources of the slot (89); and for providing the upper bound and the lower bound to a base station and/or a transmitter. - The network controller of claim 15, wherein the network controller (36) is adapted for a communication with a base station (14) of the wireless communication network and is configured for determining a plurality of sets of offsets, each set of offsets containing a plurality of offset-values associated to a plurality of sets (22) of physical resources, wherein the network controller is configured for providing the plurality of sets of offsets to the base station or to the transmitter.
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EP18204207 | 2018-11-02 | ||
PCT/EP2019/079848 WO2020089401A1 (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2019-10-31 | Resource-staggered coded multiple access |
EP19801767.5A EP3874654B1 (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2019-10-31 | Resource-staggered coded multiple access |
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EP19801767.5A Division EP3874654B1 (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2019-10-31 | Resource-staggered coded multiple access |
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US7978610B1 (en) * | 2008-01-24 | 2011-07-12 | L-3 Communications Corp. | Method for asynchronous transmission of communication data between periodically blanked terminals |
US8730925B2 (en) * | 2009-04-09 | 2014-05-20 | Motorola Mobility Llc | Method and apparatus for generating reference signals for accurate time-difference of arrival estimation |
US9197363B2 (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2015-11-24 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method and device for receiving downlink signal |
CN103731378B (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2017-05-10 | 京信通信系统(中国)有限公司 | Method and device for managing frequency deviation |
US9844057B2 (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2017-12-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Channel usage beacon signal design for cooperative communication systems |
EP3281338B1 (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2020-09-02 | Sony Corporation | Infrastructure equipment, communications device and methods |
US11265824B2 (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2022-03-01 | Idac Holdings, Inc. | Uplink asynchronous non-orthogonal multiple access |
WO2018126886A1 (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2018-07-12 | 夏普株式会社 | Method for indicating frequency position of wireless signal, base station and user equipment |
US11071162B2 (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2021-07-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Broadcast or multicast physical layer configuration and channel structure |
US11121808B2 (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2021-09-14 | Apple Inc. | Method and apparatus for channel coding in the fifth generation new radio system |
KR20200044527A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-04-29 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signal in wireless communication system |
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US20210250946A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 |
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US11917592B2 (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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