EP4350248A1 - Système de réfrigération comprenant un ensemble éjecteur et procédé de commande d'un tel système de réfrigération - Google Patents

Système de réfrigération comprenant un ensemble éjecteur et procédé de commande d'un tel système de réfrigération Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4350248A1
EP4350248A1 EP23200752.6A EP23200752A EP4350248A1 EP 4350248 A1 EP4350248 A1 EP 4350248A1 EP 23200752 A EP23200752 A EP 23200752A EP 4350248 A1 EP4350248 A1 EP 4350248A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
ejectors
predefined
port
outlet port
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23200752.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kim Gardø Christensen
Mads Holst Nielsen
Jonas Lund Rasmussen
Jacob Skaarup Nielsen
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Fenagy AS
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Fenagy AS
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Publication of EP4350248A1 publication Critical patent/EP4350248A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/08—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using ejectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/39—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in series, i.e. multi-stage expansion, on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
    • F25B2341/0012—Ejectors with the cooled primary flow at high pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
    • F25B2341/0013—Ejector control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
    • F25B2341/0015—Ejectors not being used as compression device using two or more ejectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/13—Economisers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2503—Condenser exit valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2515—Flow valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/195—Pressures of the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F25B2700/21163—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat pump or a refrigeration system applying vapor compression and an ejector cycle.
  • the system comprises an ejector assembly as a pumping means for circulating low pressure refrigerant through the ejector cycle.
  • An ejector comprises a primary nozzle (also named as motive nozzle), a suction chamber, a mixing chamber and a diffuser.
  • the primary nozzle can be a convergent type or a convergent-divergent type.
  • Typical prior art CO 2 based heat pumps and refrigeration systems comprise variable ejectors that are configured to change geometry in order to regulate the flow.
  • a check valve is arranged next to the suction port of each ejector. The use of check valves is associated to a risk for experiencing fluid leakage because check valves are not leak-tight.
  • US20190111764A1 discloses a refrigeration cycle device that includes a compressor, a first branch portion, a radiator, a second branch portion, a first decompressor, a first evaporator, a second decompressor, a second evaporator, and an ejector.
  • the first branch portion divides a flow of a refrigerant discharged from the compressor into one flow and another flow.
  • the radiator radiates heat of the refrigerant of the one flow.
  • the second branch portion divides a flow of the refrigerant from the radiator into one flow and another flow.
  • the first decompressor decompresses the refrigerant of the one flow divided in the second branch portion.
  • the second decompressor decompresses the refrigerant of the other flow divided in the second branch portion.
  • a nozzle of the ejector decompresses and injects the refrigerant of the other flow divided in the first branch portion.
  • the refrigerant suction port draws the refrigerant from the second evaporator.
  • the system according to the invention is a CO 2 based system that comprises one or more ejectors are arranged in parallel, wherein each of the ejectors comprises a motive port and a suction port, wherein each of the ejectors has a fixed geometry and that:
  • the system is a heat pump.
  • the system is a refrigeration system.
  • the system comprises a plurality of ejectors arranged in parallel. In an embodiment, the system comprises three or more ejectors arranged in parallel. In an embodiment, the system comprises four or more ejectors arranged in parallel.
  • a motive line is connected to the motive port.
  • in front of the motive port is meant “in the motive line”.
  • a suction line is connected to the suction port.
  • in front of the suction port is meant “in the suction line”.
  • the ejectors are high-pressure ejectors designed for high lift applications. Such ejectors are used to achieve the highest possible pressure lift at a lower delivery rate. High-pressure ejectors are suitable for transporting superheated gas.
  • the system according to the invention is a CO 2 based system that comprises one or more ejectors arranged in parallel. If the system comprises a single ejector only, this ejector is not arranged in parallel. However, if the system comprises several ejectors, the ejectors are arranged in parallel.
  • Each of the ejectors comprises a motive port and a suction port.
  • Each of the ejectors has a fixed geometry. Accordingly, the ejectors are not variable geometry ejectors.
  • a first actuated ball valve is arranged in front of the motive port and a second actuated ball valve is arranged in front of the suction port.
  • the "ball valve” is meant a shut-off valve. Accordingly, the "ball valve” may be a “butterfly valve”, a “ball valve” another valve that is capable of:
  • the ball valve is a flow control device comprising a hollow, perforated and pivoting ball to control liquid flowing through it, wherein the ball valve is open when the ball's hole is in line with the flow inlet and closed when it is pivoted 90-degrees by a valve handle, blocking the flow.
  • the control unit is arranged and configured to control the activity of the ball valves on the basis of one or more predefined criteria.
  • the control unit is connected to the actuators of the ball valves via a wired connection.
  • the control unit is connected to the actuators of the ball valves via a wireless connection.
  • the system comprises:
  • the system according to the invention reduces or even eliminates the risk for experiencing fluid leakage associated to the use of check valves (that are not leak-tight).
  • control unit is configured to detect the opening degree of the high-pressure valve, wherein the control unit is configured to open one or more of the actuated ball valves arranged in front of the motive ports of the ejectors if:
  • the actuated ball valves are fully opened when they are opened.
  • the actuated ball valves are fully closed when they are closed.
  • the predefined level may be a user defined input.
  • the predefined level would typically be in the range 30-50%, preferably 30-40%.
  • the user will typically provide an input directly to the control unit or indirectly to the control unit via an intermediate device (e.g. a smartphone, tablet or computer).
  • an intermediate device e.g. a smartphone, tablet or computer.
  • the control unit will typically be configured to determine the opening degree of the high-pressure valve.
  • the control unit is communicatively (via a wired connection or wirelessly) connected to a detection unit that is arranged and configured to detect the opening degree of the high-pressure valve.
  • control unit is configured to close one or more of the actuated ball valves arranged in front of the motive ports of the ejectors if:
  • the predefined level is a user defined input. In an embodiment, the predefined level is in the range 7-12 %. In an embodiment, the predefined level is in the range 8-10%. In an embodiment, the predefined level is 8 bars. In an embodiment, the predefined level is 10 bars.
  • control unit is configured to determine the opening degree of the gas-by-pass valve and to open the actuated ball valves arranged in front of the suction ports of one or more of the ejectors if:
  • control unit is configured to open the actuated ball valves arranged in front of the suction ports of one or more of the ejectors only if the capacity of the intermediate temperature compressors is below 100 %.
  • suction ports of one or more additional ejector is only opened if the intermediate temperature compressors have additional capacity.
  • the capacity of the intermediate temperature compressors is below 100 % when the intermediate temperature compressors can provide a higher capacity.
  • the capacity of the intermediate temperature compressors can be increased by activating an additional intermediate temperature compressor. If three out of four intermediate temperature compressors are active, the capacity is 75%. Accordingly, the capacity of the intermediate temperature compressors can be increased by activating the last intermediate temperature compressor so that all four intermediate temperature compressors are active.
  • control unit is configured to determine the opening degree of the gas-by-pass valve and to open the actuated ball valves arranged in front of the suction ports of one or more of the ejectors if the capacity of the intermediate temperature compressors is below 100 %:
  • predefined level is a user defined input.
  • the system comprises a temperature sensor arranged to detect the temperature of the fluid at the outlet port of the gas cooler.
  • the number of actively operated ejectors corresponds to a predefined number based on the number of actively operated medium temperature compressors, it is possible to ensure that the number of actively operated ejectors is selected in dependency of the compressor capacity.
  • control unit is configured to delay execution of opening and closing of the stop valves for a predefined delay time period within a predefined range.
  • the predefined delay time period is within the range of 10-120 seconds. In one embodiment, the predefined delay time period is within the range of 15-90 seconds. In one embodiment, the predefined delay time period is within the range of 20-60 seconds. In one embodiment, the predefined delay time period is within the range of 25-45 seconds. In one embodiment, the predefined delay time period is within the range of 25-35 seconds.
  • control unit is configured to close the actuated ball valves arranged in front of the suction ports of one or more of the ejectors if either of the following constraints are met:
  • the method according to the invention is a method for controlling a CO 2 based system being:
  • the method applies a system comprising:
  • method comprises the following steps:
  • the predefined level may be a user defined input. In an embodiment, the predefined level is within the range 30-50%. In an embodiment. The predefined level is within the range 30-40%.
  • one or more of the actuated ball valves arranged in front of the motive ports of the ejectors are closed if:
  • the predefined level may be a user defined input. In an embodiment, the predefined level is within the range 8-12%. In an embodiment, the predefined level is within the range 8-10%.
  • the method comprises the step of detecting the opening degree of the gas-by-pass valve, wherein the actuated ball valves arranged in front of the suction ports of one or more of the ejectors are being opened if:
  • the method comprises the step of closing the actuated ball valves arranged in front of the suction ports of one or more of the ejectors if either of following constraints are met:
  • the temperature range limit is a user defined input.
  • the predefined level (the opening degree of the gas-by-pass valve) is a user defined input. In an embodiment, the predefined level (the opening degree of the gas-by-pass valve) is within the range 20-35%. In an embodiment, the predefined level (the opening degree of the gas-by-pass valve) is within the range 25-35%. In an embodiment, the predefined level (the opening degree of the gas-by-pass valve) is 30%.
  • a COz based system 20 of the present invention is illustrated in Fig. 1 .
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a COz based system 20 constituting a heat pump 20.
  • the heat pump 20 comprises a gas cooler 24 in fluid communication with an ejector assembly 52 comprising four ejectors 2, 2', 2", 2'".
  • the gas cooler 24 has an inlet port 66 and an outlet port 68.
  • the ejectors 2, 2', 2", 2′′′ are arranged in parallel.
  • An outlet line 34 connects the gas cooler 24 and the motive ports of the ejectors 2, 2', 2", 2'".
  • An actuated ball valve 4, 4', 4", 4′′′ is, however, arranged in front of each of the motive ports. It is important to underline that the number of ejectors 2, 2', 2", 2′′′ may be selected differently. The number of ejectors 2, 2', 2", 2′′′ can be any desired number equal to or larger than one.
  • the system 20 comprises a temperature sensor 74 arranged and configured to detect the temperature of the fluid leaving the gas cooler 24.
  • the temperature sensor 74 is also configured to detect the pressure of the fluid leaving the gas cooler 24.
  • the system 20 comprises a separate pressure sensor 76 configured to detect the pressure of the fluid leaving the gas cooler 24.
  • the pressure sensor 78 may be arranged close to the temperature sensor 74.
  • the pressure sensor may be arranged at the outlet port 68 of gas cooler 24.
  • the ball valves 4, 4', 4", 4′′′ are communicatively connected to a control unit 12. Accordingly, the control unit 12 can control the activity of the ball valves 4, 4', 4", 4′′′ and thus connect and disconnect the connection between the gas cooler 24 and each of the ejectors 2, 2', 2", 2′′′ independently.
  • the control unit 12 is communicatively connected to the temperature sensor 74 and the pressure sensor 76. Accordingly, the control unit 12 receives the temperature measurements made by the temperature sensor 74 and pressure measurements made by the pressure sensor 76.
  • the suction ports of the ejectors 2, 2', 2", 2′′′ are connected to a line 36 that is in fluid communication with an evaporator 22 that receives fluid from a liquid-gas separator 14.
  • the liquid-gas separator 14 comprises an inlet port 60, a gas outlet port 62 and a liquid outlet port 64.
  • the evaporator has an inlet port 70 and an outlet port 72.
  • An expansion valve 30 is arranged at the line 38 extending between the evaporator 22 and the liquid-gas separator 14.
  • the outlet port of each of the ejectors 2, 2', 2", 2′′′ is connected to the liquid-gas separator 14.
  • An actuated ball valve 6, 6', 6", 6′′′ is arranged in front of each of the suction ports of the ejectors 2, 2', 2", 2'".
  • the ball valves 6, 6', 6", 6′′′ are communicatively connected to a control unit 12. Therefore, the control unit 112 is configured to control the activity of the ball valves 6, 6', 6", 6′′′ and thus connect and disconnect the connection to the line 36.
  • the liquid-gas separator 14 has a liquid outlet port that is connected to the line 38.
  • the liquid-gas separator 14 has a gas outlet port that is connected to a line 46.
  • the line 46 is connected to a pressure point 32 via a line 40, in which a gas-by-pass valve 28 is provided.
  • the gas-by-pass valve 28 is a an activated valve..
  • the suction ports of the ejectors 2, 2', 2", 2′′′ are in fluid communication with the pressure point 32. Accordingly, the ejectors 2, 2', 2", 2′′′ have access to gas from the line 40 as well as the outlet port of the evaporator 22.
  • the heat pump 20 comprises an intermediate temperature compressor 16 that is arranged between the gas outlet of the liquid-gas separator 14 and the inlet port of the gas cooler 24.
  • a line 48 extends between the line 46 and the intermediate temperature compressor 16.
  • a line 50 extends between the intermediate temperature compressor 16 and the inlet port of the gas cooler 24.
  • the heat pump 20 comprises a medium temperature compressor 18 that is arranged between the intermediate temperature compressor 16 and the pressure point 32.
  • a line 42 extends between the medium temperature compressor 18 and the line 50.
  • a high-pressure valve 26 arranged between the outlet port 68 of the gas cooler 24 and the inlet port 60 of the liquid-gas separator 14.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of an ejector 2 according to the invention.
  • the ejector 2 has a fixed geometry and comprises a motive port 8 and a suction port 10.
  • a first actuated ball valve 4 is arranged in front of the motive port 8.
  • a second actuated ball valve 6 is arranged in front of the suction port 10.
  • the CO 2 based system according to the invention comprises a control unit 12 arranged and configured to control the activity of the ball valves 4, 6 on the basis of one or more predefined criteria.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an ejector 2 according to the invention.
  • the ejector 2 is a high-pressure ejector 2.
  • the ejector 2 comprises a motive port 8 and a suction port 10.
  • the ejector 2 comprises a nozzle 54, a mixing chamber 56 and a diffuser 58.
  • the nozzle 54 converts the pressure energy of high pressure CO 2 to the velocity energy in such a manner that the CO 2 is depressurized and is expanded by the nozzle 54
  • high velocity CO 2 flow discharged from the nozzle 54 draws the vapor phase CO 2 , which has been vaporized in the evaporator (see Fig. 1 ), into the mixing chamber 56 and is mixed with the vapor phase CO 2 .
  • the diffuser 58 the CO 2 discharged from the nozzle 54 and the CO 2 drawn from the evaporator are mixed in such a manner that the velocity energy of the CO 2 is converted to the pressure energy to increase the pressure of the CO 2 .
  • the nozzle 54 has a throttled portion in its passage.
  • the throttled portion increases the velocity of the CO 2 , which is discharged from the nozzle 54.
  • the CO 2 is mixed in such a manner that the sum of the kinetic momentum of the CO 2 discharged from the nozzle 54 and the kinetic momentum of the CO 2 drawn into the ejector 2 from the evaporator (see Fig. 1 ) is conserved. Accordingly, in the mixing chamber 56, the static pressure of the CO 2 is increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
EP23200752.6A 2022-10-07 2023-09-29 Système de réfrigération comprenant un ensemble éjecteur et procédé de commande d'un tel système de réfrigération Pending EP4350248A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA202200912A DK181547B1 (en) 2022-10-07 2022-10-07 CO2 heat pump system or CO2 cooling system comprising an ejector unit and method for controlling the ejector unit of a CO2 heat pump system or a CO2 cooling system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4350248A1 true EP4350248A1 (fr) 2024-04-10

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EP23200752.6A Pending EP4350248A1 (fr) 2022-10-07 2023-09-29 Système de réfrigération comprenant un ensemble éjecteur et procédé de commande d'un tel système de réfrigération

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20240118003A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4350248A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3215349A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK181547B1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190111764A1 (en) 2016-06-16 2019-04-18 Denso Corporation Refigeration cycle device
EP3589900A1 (fr) * 2017-02-28 2020-01-08 Danfoss A/S Procédé de commande de la capacité d'éjecteur dans un système de compression de vapeur
WO2021200788A1 (fr) * 2020-03-31 2021-10-07 ダイキン工業株式会社 Appareil de climatisation

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190111764A1 (en) 2016-06-16 2019-04-18 Denso Corporation Refigeration cycle device
EP3589900A1 (fr) * 2017-02-28 2020-01-08 Danfoss A/S Procédé de commande de la capacité d'éjecteur dans un système de compression de vapeur
WO2021200788A1 (fr) * 2020-03-31 2021-10-07 ダイキン工業株式会社 Appareil de climatisation
EP4113034A1 (fr) * 2020-03-31 2023-01-04 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Appareil de climatisation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK202200912A1 (en) 2024-04-26
US20240118003A1 (en) 2024-04-11
DK181547B1 (en) 2024-04-26
CA3215349A1 (fr) 2024-04-07

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