EP4348147A1

EP4348147A1 - Holding device for holding a ceramic anchor stone to a furnace wall, furnace comprising such a holding device, method for fastening such a holding device to a furnace wall, and ceramic anchor stone for such a holding device

Info

Publication number: EP4348147A1
Application number: EP22729724.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Bojan Zivanovic; Bernhard Handle
Original assignee: Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2021-05-27
Filing date: 2022-05-23
Publication date: 2024-04-10
Also published as: WO2022248411A1; CA3217245A1; CN117441085A; BR112023023968A2; CO2023015468A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a holding device (1) for holding a ceramic anchor stone (300) to a furnace wall (10), the holding device (1) comprising: fastening means (100) for fastening the holding device (1) to a furnace wall (10); a receiving part (200) for holding a ceramic anchor stone (300) against the holding device (1); a ceramic anchor stone (300), the ceramic anchor stone (300) having a receiving portion (303) and the receiving part (200) having a receptacle (201) in which the receiving portion (303) is received, characterised in that the receptacle (201) is designed as a gap having a gap width that decreases in one direction.

Description

Holding device for holding a ceramic anchor block on a furnace wall, a furnace comprising such a holding device, a method for fastening such a holding device on a furnace wall and ceramic anchor block for such

holding device

Description

The invention relates to a holding device for holding a ceramic anchor block on a furnace wall, a furnace comprising such a holding device, a method for fastening such a holding device to a furnace wall and a ceramic anchor block for such a holding device.

Holding devices with a ceramic anchor stone held thereon are used to hold a refractory lining of an industrial furnace. A ceramic anchor stone is also occasionally referred to in the prior art as just a “ceramic anchor”.

The refractory lining of the industrial furnace, which can be held by the ceramic anchor stone, can in particular be a refractory ceramic lining. Such a refractory ceramic lining can be present both as an unshaped refractory material, ie, for example, in the form of a ceramic mass, and in the form of a shaped ceramic material, ie, for example, in the form of bricks. The refractory lining is arranged in relation to the ceramic anchor block in such a way that it can be held in a desired position by the ceramic anchor block. In particular, it is known that the ceramic anchor stone is profiled on its surface, with the refractory lining engaging in this profile in such a way that it can be held by the ceramic anchor stone. The ceramic anchor stone, in turn, is held on the furnace wall by a holding device fastened to the furnace wall. Such a holding device regularly has fastening means for fastening the holding device to the furnace wall. Furthermore, the holding device has a receiving part for holding the ceramic anchor stone on the holding device. In this case, the ceramic anchor stone can have a receiving section which can be received in a seat of the receiving part in order to hold the anchor stone on the receiving part. The receiving parts known from the prior art regularly have a claw-like shape that encompasses the receiving section of the anchor block.

A generic holding device is disclosed, for example, in EP 2 322 889 B1.

The holding device and the ceramic anchor block are subject to considerable temperature fluctuations, which lead to thermal expansion or shrinkage of the holding device and the ceramic anchor block, in particular during the heating up and cooling down of the industrial furnace, but also during ongoing operation of the industrial furnace. The holding device must therefore be designed in such a way that it is able to absorb thermal expansions of the holding device and the ceramic anchor block. In this respect, the holding device must in particular allow a certain flexibility or mobility of the ceramic anchor block during the heating and ongoing operation of the industrial furnace in order to be able to compensate for thermal expansions or stresses.

At the same time, however, it is desirable for the ceramic anchor stone to be held securely and in a definable position in the holding device during the lining of the industrial furnace, ie in particular while the refractory lining is being arranged on the anchor stone.

In the prior art, the ceramic anchor stone is regularly wedged in the receptacle for this purpose by means of an aid, in particular a wedge, for example a wooden or plastic wedge. The ceramic anchor stone is fixed by the wedge during delivery. When the oven heats up, the wedge burns, so that the ceramic anchor stone is then accommodated in the holder with a certain degree of flexibility. A disadvantage of this technology is, among other things, that fixing the ceramic anchor stone by means of an aid, for example a wedge, is cumbersome and can usually only be managed by several people. Furthermore, it is often difficult to fix the ceramic anchor stone in a defined position in the holding device with the aid of a wedge. Another disadvantage is that the ceramic anchor stone can become detached from the receptacle when the refractory lining is removed, for example during repair work.

To fix the ceramic anchor block in the receptacle, according to EP 2 322 889 B1, instead of a wedge, a material is proposed which melts at the temperatures acting in the region of the holding device during furnace operation. The anchor stone is initially held in the receptacle by this material. After the material has melted, the anchor stone exhibits flexibility in reception. However, with this technology, the receiving section of the anchor stone lying in the seat, the seat and the material must be dimensioned extremely precisely so that the ceramic anchor stone is actually held securely and in a defined position in the holding device. Furthermore, with this technology, too, the ceramic anchor stone can become detached from the receptacle if the refractory lining is removed from the anchor stone for repair purposes.

The object of the present invention is to provide a holding device for holding a ceramic anchor stone on a furnace wall, which makes it possible to hold a ceramic anchor stone securely, easily and in a defined position in the holding device. Furthermore, the present invention is based on the object of holding the ceramic anchor stone in the holding device in such a way that the anchor stone is held flexibly, in particular movably, in the holding device during furnace operation, i.e. in particular during heating up and during ongoing operation of the furnace. In particular, the present invention is based on the object of holding the ceramic anchor stone more securely and easily, in particular also in a defined position, in the holding device than is possible with the technologies known from the prior art. Furthermore, the invention is based on the object of providing such a holding device which can also be used when a refractory lining is removed from the anchor brick after the furnace has been in operation, for example when a Repair of the lining, always enables the anchor stone to be held securely in the holding device.

To solve these problems, a holding device for holding a ceramic anchor stone on a furnace wall is made available according to the invention, the holding device comprising:

Fastening means for fastening the holding device to a furnace wall; a receiving part for holding a ceramic anchor brick on the holding device; and a ceramic anchor brick, wherein the ceramic anchor brick has a receiving portion and the receiving part has a socket in which the receiving portion is received; and wherein the receptacle is designed as a gap with a gap width that decreases in one direction.

The invention is based on the surprising finding that a holding device can be made available that achieves the above-described objects if it has a receptacle in the form of a gap with a gap width that decreases in one direction. Such a receptacle designed as a gap with a gap width that decreases in one direction makes it possible to hold the ceramic anchor stone securely, easily and in a defined position in the holding device. In particular, the reduced gap width can prevent the anchor block from becoming detached from the receptacle, so that the anchor block is securely held in the receptacle at all times. Furthermore, the anchor block can be held in a particularly simple manner in that the anchor block slides automatically, in particular by means of gravity, into the receptacle.

In this respect, a receptacle designed according to the invention as a gap with a gap width that decreases in one direction makes it possible in particular for the ceramic anchor block to slide with its receptacle section into the receptacle by gravity until the decreasing gap width stops the receptacle section from sliding further into the receptacle. The anchor stone is then fixed in the holder by gravity. In this respect, the receptacle designed according to the invention enables the ceramic anchor block to be held in the holding device in a particularly simple and secure manner. For this holder of the ceramic anchor stone in the recording are also no additional fasteners or the like necessary, which would limit the mobility of the anchor stone in the recording. In this respect, the receptacle designed according to the invention allows flexibility or mobility of the ceramic anchor block in the holding device during furnace operation, so that thermal expansions of the anchor block or the holding device can be absorbed by the holding device. Another particular advantage of the holding device according to the invention is that the anchor block is always held securely in the receptacle even after furnace operation, for example when removing or replacing the lining held by the ceramic anchor block, since the gap width that decreases in one direction prevents detachment of the ceramic anchor stone from the holding device. At the same time, due to the decreasing gap width, a defined position of the receiving section in the receptacle can be achieved, so that the anchor block can be held in a defined position in the receptacle.

According to the invention, the receptacle of the holding device according to the invention is designed as a gap, ie in particular in the form of a slot, with a gap or slot width that decreases in one direction. At the wider end of the receptacle, ie the end of the receptacle from which the gap width decreases, the receptacle is designed in such a way that the receptacle section of the anchor block can be received or inserted into the receptacle. At its opposite end, ie the end of the receptacle towards which the gap width of the receptacle decreases, the receptacle can be open or closed.

The receptacle is preferably open at the end toward which the gap width of the receptacle decreases. In particular, this has the advantage that the mobility of the ceramic anchor block in the direction of the reducing gap width is not inhibited by a closed end of the receptacle. In particular, in the case of such an open receptacle, the anchor stone can be inserted into the receptacle until the receptacle section bears against the receptacle. This enables the ceramic anchor stone to be held in the receptacle in a particularly simple and secure manner.

Preferably, the receptacle has surfaces that approach each other in the direction of the decreasing gap width, in particular opposing surfaces that approach each other Surfaces. This results in a decreasing gap width of the recording. The surfaces of the socket, in particular the approaching surfaces of the socket, can serve as a stop for the socket portion, with the socket portion abutting against these surfaces when it is received in the socket. This prevents the receiving section from becoming detached from the receptacle in the direction of the decreasing gap width.

Because the receiving section of the ceramic anchor stone is received in the receptacle, the ceramic anchor stone is held on the receiving part and thus by the holding device.

The receiving section of the anchor block is preferably designed in such a way that it can be inserted into the receiving space in the direction of the decreasing gap width of the receiving space. This makes it possible, in particular, as explained above, for the anchor stone to be able to be inserted and held in the receptacle safely and easily by means of gravity.

The receiving section of the anchor block is preferably designed in a form-fitting manner for receiving. This has the particular advantage that the receiving section can be received in the receptacle in a form-fitting manner and can therefore be received in the receptacle particularly securely and in a defined position. Particularly preferably, the receiving section can be received in the receptacle with a positive fit on one side, in particular in the direction of the decreasing gap width. This has the particular advantage that the receiving section can be securely received in the direction of the form fit and in a defined position in the receptacle and at the same time can be moved in the opposite direction, so that the flexibility and mobility of the anchor block to compensate for thermal expansion and contraction is ensured.

In particular, the recording section received in the recording rests against the recording over the entire surface, that is to say flat and not just at certain points. This can prevent the receiving section from tilting in the receptacle.

As is known from the prior art, the receiving part can be designed in particular in the form of a claw and thereby encompass the receiving section of the anchor block. when the anchor stone is received in the receptacle with this receptacle section. In this respect, the receiving part can have, for example, a substantially C-shaped or claw-shaped design. Such a C-shaped receptacle includes a base portion and two spaced legs extending from this base portion. These legs surround the receiving section of the anchor stone when the anchor stone is received with its receiving section in the receptacle.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the receiving part is designed in one piece. In this respect, the holding device according to the invention makes it possible to form the receiving part in one piece, since no further means are required to fix the receiving section in the seat due to the seat designed according to the invention. Such a one-piece receiving part can advantageously be designed in a particularly simple and robust manner. The receiving part is preferably made of metal, particularly preferably of steel. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the receiving part is designed as a one-piece metal part or steel part.

According to a preferred embodiment, the receiving section is formed adjacent to an end face of the anchor block. The face of the anchor stone forms the end surface of the anchor stone on one of the two long sides of the anchor stone. As a result, the receiving section can be accommodated in the receptacle in a particularly simple manner.

The anchor stone consists of a ceramic material, preferably a refractory ceramic material. In particular, the ceramic anchor stone can consist of a ceramic material that is known from the prior art for ceramic anchor stones.

The ceramic anchor stone preferably has a profiled surface, as a result of which the refractory lining can be held well on the anchor stone. In this respect, the refractory anchor brick can have a surface profile known from the prior art, for example.

The holding device has fastening means for fastening the holding device according to the invention to a furnace wall. These fasteners can by from the Technologies known from the prior art can be fastened to the furnace wall, for example by a material connection or positive connection, for example by welding or a screw connection.

The holding device preferably has fastening means which allow the holding device to be flexibly fastened to the furnace wall during operation of the furnace.

The fastening means preferably comprise a first fastening part and a second fastening part, the first fastening part being fastenable to an oven wall, the second fastening part being fastened to the receiving part and the second fastening part being fastenable to the first fastening part. Such a design enables flexible attachment of the holding device to a furnace wall. In particular, the first fastening part can be designed to be movable relative to the second fastening part.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the first fastening part and the second fastening part are designed in such a way that the second fastening part can be fastened to the first fastening part by a relative movement of the second fastening part to the first fastening part.

In this respect, it has surprisingly been found according to the invention that the fastening of the holding device to a furnace wall is particularly simple, in that only the second fastening part can be fastened to the first fastening part by a relative movement thereto. In particular, there is no need to use additional tools, such as screws or the like, to attach the second attachment part to the first attachment part. Furthermore, it has surprisingly been found according to the invention that such a fastening means that the holding device can be fastened particularly securely to the furnace wall at the same time. Because to loosen the attachment, a relative movement of the second attachment part to the first attachment part is again necessary. Finally, by comprising a first and second fastening part, the holding device can absorb thermal expansions during furnace operation. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the relative movement is a rotary movement.

A particular advantage of such a relative movement in the form of a rotary movement is that it can be carried out in a particularly simple manner and, in particular, also takes up little space. This can be the case in particular in the case of cramped spatial conditions on a furnace wall. In this respect, such a relative movement in the form of a rotary movement can be clearly superior, in particular, to a relative movement in the form of a straight-line movement, since a straight-line movement can be disadvantageous, particularly in the case of cramped spatial conditions.

In particular, however, it has also been found according to the invention that a relative movement in the form of a rotary movement is particularly advantageous insofar as a particularly secure attachment can be achieved by this. This is also due in particular to the fact that, in order to release the fastening, which was achieved by means of such a rotary movement, a rotary movement must again be carried out, which is generally not carried out unintentionally. In this respect, the second fastening part can be fastened particularly securely to the first fastening part, in particular by means of a rotary movement, without this fastening being able to be unintentionally released again afterwards.

According to one embodiment, it can be provided that the relative movement for fastening the first fastening part to the second fastening part requires a rotational movement with a rotational angle in the range from 10° to 170°. According to the invention, however, it was found that a particularly secure fastening of the second fastening part to the first fastening part can be achieved if the relative movement requires a rotary movement with a rotary angle of 90° or a rotary angle that is as close as possible to 90°. In this respect, a rotation angle in the range from 30° to 150°, from 60° to 120° or in the range from 80° to 100° may also be required for attachment.

In that regard, the first fastening part and the second fastening part can be designed in such a way that the second fastening part can be rotated with a like protruding angle of rotation of the second fastening part to the first fastening part can be fastened to the first fastening part.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the first fastening part and the second fastening part are designed in such a way that the second fastening part (after fastening the second fastening part to the first fastening part according to the invention) can be detached from the first fastening part by a second movement relative to the first fastening part. According to a particularly preferred development of this idea of the invention, it can be provided that the second fastening part can be detached again from the first fastening part by a relative movement that is opposite to the relative movement. In other words: The second fastening part can be fastened to the first fastening part by a first movement of the second fastening part relative to the first fastening part, and the second fastening part can also be detached from the first fastening part by a second relative movement of the second fastening part to the first fastening part, with the second relative movement preferably being opposite to that first relative movement is.

In line with the above-mentioned idea of the invention, according to which the second fastening part can be detached from the first fastening part if the second fastening part can be detached from the first fastening part by means of an opposite relative movement, it can in turn preferably be provided that the second fastening part can be detached from the first fastening part by means of an opposite rotary movement . In particular, it can be provided that the second fastening part can be fastened to the first fastening part by a first rotational movement with an angle of rotation as above in a first rotational direction of the second fastening part relative to the first fastening part, and the second fastening part can also be fastened by a second rotational movement with a rotational angle corresponding to the first rotational movement however, in a direction of rotation of the second fastening part opposite to the first direction of rotation, it can be detached from the first fastening part.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first fastening part is designed in one piece. The first fastening part is preferably made of metal, particularly preferably made of steel.

The first fastening part can be fastened to the furnace wall, for example by Material connection or positive connection, for example by welding or a screw connection. The first fastening part is preferably designed in such a way that it can be fastened to the furnace wall protruding from the furnace wall. This has the particular advantage that the second fastening part can then be fastened to the first fastening part in a particularly simple manner. For this purpose, the first fastening part can particularly preferably be designed in the manner of a bridge or web. Such a bridge-like or web-like first fastening part, in particular if it is also made in one piece and in particular made of steel, can be particularly robust, easy to fasten to the furnace wall and the second fastening part can also be particularly easy to fasten to such a first fastening part.

According to a preferred embodiment, the second fastening part is designed in one piece. The second fastening part can preferably consist of metal, particularly preferably of steel. According to a further development of this idea of the invention, the second fastening part and the receiving part can be designed in one piece together. In this embodiment, the second fastening part and the receiving part can thus be designed as a one-piece part, in particular as a one-piece metal part, particularly preferably as a one-piece steel part. This has the particular advantage that the fastening part and the receiving part can be designed in a particularly simple and robust manner. Furthermore, this also has the particular advantage that the receiving part does not have to be attached separately to the second attachment part. This also has a particular advantage when a ceramic anchor stone is held in the receiving part, since after the ceramic anchor stone has been received in the receiving part, the second fastening part, the receiving part and the ceramic anchor stone form a common element which can be fastened particularly easily to the first fastening part.

According to one embodiment it is provided that the second fastening part can be fastened to the first fastening part in a form-fitting manner by a movement of the second fastening part relative to the first fastening part. Such a form-fit fastening also has the particular advantage that the second fastening part is secured against unintentional detachment from the first fastening part, for example if the second fastening part is accidentally bumped into when it is installed on the furnace wall or during furnace operation. In order to be able to achieve such a form fit between the second fastening part and the first fastening part, provision can be made, for example, for the second fastening part to have a section that can be inserted into the first fastening part and by means of which the first fastening part can be fastened to the first fastening part in a form-fitting manner.

According to a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the first fastening part has an insertion opening and the second fastening part has an insertion section that can be inserted into the insertion opening, and wherein the second fastening part can be fastened to the first fastening part in a form-fitting manner via the insertion section inserted into the insertion opening by the relative movement of the second fastening part . In particular, according to a further development of this idea of the invention, it can be provided that the second fastening part is positively fastened to the first fastening part as long as the insertion section is not again in its initial position, i.e. in the position in which it was when it was inserted into the insertion opening was plugged in, i.e. before the relative movement was carried out. In particular, such a relative movement, by which the plug-in section can be fastened in the plug-in opening, can be a rotary movement. In this respect, this embodiment is similar to the principle of a key and lock. According to this, the first fastening part has an insertion opening (a "lock") into which the insertion section (a "key") of the second fastening part can be inserted and is then held in a form-fitting manner by a rotary movement in the insertion opening (like a key in a lock, as long as the key is turned in the lock and has not returned to its original position). The plug-in section can then only be removed from the plug-in opening again when the plug-in section is in its initial position.

According to a preferred embodiment, the insertion opening is a slit with an undercut. The plug-in section can be inserted into the slot and the undercut can be gripped behind by the plug-in section as a result of the relative movement, ie in particular a rotary movement. As a result, the insertion section is positively secured in the slot and at the same time locked against loosening. The second fastening part can be fastened to the first fastening part in a particularly simple and secure manner by appropriately designed fastening parts. A particularly simple and effective development of this idea of the invention is that the slot is an elongated hole with an undercut. According to a further development of the above inventive idea, the insertion section can be T-shaped. The T-shaped insertion section can be attached to the receiving part with its base leg (i.e. the vertical leg of the T) and can be inserted into the slot with its transverse leg (i.e. the horizontal leg of the T) and the relative movement of the undercut can be gripped behind by the transverse leg .

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the receiving section is received in the receptacle with a friction fit. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the receiving section is frictionally received in the receptacle by a first fixing means. According to a particularly preferred development of this inventive idea, it can be provided that when the holding device is used, ie during use of the holding device in oven operation, the frictional connection of the first fixing means is lost, ie the first fixing means loses its frictional locking effect. In this respect, a first fixing means can be provided in particular, the frictional effect of which is lost at the temperatures prevailing in the area of the receptacle during use of the holding device in oven operation. The first fixing means can preferably lose its frictional effect at temperatures above 80° Celsius, preferably at temperatures in the range from 80 to 300°C and particularly preferably at temperatures in the range from 80 to 200°C. For example, the first fixation means can consist of a material that decomposes, ignites or melts at these temperatures, or a combination of several such materials. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the first fixing means consists of a material that melts at the temperatures prevailing in the area of the receptacle during use of the holding device in oven operation. According to a further development of this inventive idea, such a fusible first fixing means can consist of a plastic, preferably a thermoplastic, particularly preferably, for example, one of the following thermoplastics:

polyethylene or polypropylene. Particularly preferably, the first fixing means consists of an incompressible or essentially incompressible material, ie, for example, a solid plastic (in particular designed as above).

A particular advantage of such a first fixing means, by means of which the receiving section of the ceramic anchor stone can be held in the seat with a friction fit, is in particular that the anchor stone held in the seat can be held in place by such a first fixing means during the arrangement of the anchor stone on the holding device and the fastening of the Holding device on a furnace wall can initially be easily and securely held on the holding device. However, if the first fixation means then loses its frictional engagement during use of the holding device in the furnace operation (i.e. during the heating up of the furnace and during ongoing operation) (i.e. for example by the first fixation means melting), the anchor block is no longer frictionally engaged by the first fixation means in of the receptacle, so that the anchor stone is then (via the above-described freedom of movement of the receiving section in the receptacle due to the design of the receptacle according to the invention) flexibly and movably retained in the receptacle to a certain extent, whereby in particular thermally induced expansions are also absorbed and thermally induced stresses can be reduced.

For the frictional attachment of the receiving section in the receptacle, the first fixing means can preferably be pushed between the receiving section and the receptacle.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first fixing means is in the form of a plate. Such a plate-shaped first fixing means, in particular in the form of a plastic plate, can be pushed between the receiving section and the seat, so that the receiving section is held in the seat with a friction fit. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the first fixing means is pushed between an end face of the anchor block and the receptacle. In particular, if the first fixing means is in the form of a plate, it can preferably have a thickness in the range from 1 to 5 mm, in particular a thickness in the range from 3 to 5 mm.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first fixing means is attached to the receiving section, particularly preferably glued to the receiving section. In particular, this has the advantage of a particularly simple arrangement of the receiving section in the receptacle, since the first fixing means does not have to be arranged separately in the receptacle, but can be inserted into the receptacle together with the receiving section.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the receiving section is accommodated in the receptacle both with a form fit (as explained in more detail above) and with a friction fit (as explained in more detail above).

If the fastening means comprise a first fastening part as described above and a second fastening part, provision can preferably be made for the second fastening part to be fastened to the first fastening part with a friction fit. Provision can particularly preferably be made for the second fastening part to be fastened to the first fastening part in a frictionally engaged manner via a second fixing means. The second fixation means can preferably consist of the same material as the first fixation means, i.e. the frictional connection of the second fixation means can be lost when the holding device is used, i.e. during use of the holding device in furnace operation, or the second fixation means can lose its frictional connection, in particular with the temperatures specified above for the first fixing agent, and can in particular consist of the above-mentioned plastics of the first fixing agent.

In contrast to the first fixing means, however, the second fixing means particularly preferably consists of compressible, particularly preferably elastically compressible, material. Such an elastically compressible material is compressible against the elastic force of the material. Due to this elasticity of the second fixing means, the second fastening part can be particularly easily and securely under Friction to be attached to the first attachment part. Because in this respect it can be provided that the relative movement of the second fastening part to the first fastening part in order to fasten the second fastening part to the first fastening part according to the invention takes place while a force is being exerted counter to the elastic force of the second fixing means. After the attachment of the second attachment part, as stated above, the first attachment part and the second attachment part are then frictionally connected to each other by the elastic force of the second fixing means.

In order to make the second fixing means correspondingly compressible, the second fixing means can, for example, consist entirely of elastically compressible material, for example of an elastically compressible plastic (e.g. a foamed thermoplastic plastic, rubber or cardboard). For example, the second fixing means can also consist only partially of such an elastically compressible material and also of a non-compressible material, for example in the form of a composite material. Such a composite material can be formed, for example, from a first, elastically compressible material and a second, non-compressible material. Such an embodiment is explained in more detail in the description of the figures.

Moreover, the second fixing means can also preferably be present in plate form and preferably also have a thickness in the range from 1 to 5 mm, particularly preferably in the range from 3 to 5 mm.

A particular advantage of such a second fixing means lies in the fact that the first fastening part and the second fastening part can initially be simply and securely connected to one another by friction when the holding device is being fastened to a furnace wall. If, however, the second fixing means then loses its frictional effect during use of the holding device in oven operation, the first fastening part and the second fastening part are flexible and movable relative to one another to a certain extent, which means that thermally induced expansions can also be absorbed and thermally induced stresses can be reduced. According to a preferred embodiment, the second fixing means is attached to the second attachment part, particularly preferably glued to the second attachment part. This has the particular advantage of a particularly simple arrangement of the second fastening part on the first fastening part, since the second fixing means is not to be arranged between the first and second fastening part, but can be fastened together with the second fastening part on the first fastening part.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the second fastening part is fastened both positively (as explained in more detail above) and frictionally (as explained in more detail above) to the first fastening part.

The subject of the invention is also an oven comprising the following characteristics:

A furnace wall, one or more of the holding devices according to the invention, wherein the holding devices are each fastened to the furnace wall via the fastening means.

The holding devices can, as explained above, be fastened to the furnace wall via the fastening means.

The furnace according to the invention is in particular an industrial furnace, for example a heating furnace or a rotary kiln. In particular, the furnace according to the invention is an industrial furnace that is used for the temperature treatment of goods, in particular for the production of starting materials for the basic materials or consumer goods industry, at over 600° Celsius, preferably also at over 1,000° C. and in particular also at over 1,200° Celsius.

According to the invention, the furnace according to the invention can be further characterized in that it also has a furnace roof, with the holding devices according to the invention being fastened to the furnace roof via the fastening means.

Insofar as the holding devices are fastened to the furnace wall of the furnace according to the invention, it is preferably provided that the gap width of the gaps in which the holding devices are accommodated decreases in the downward direction. The direction is "down". the direction of the effect of gravity, i.e. the direction towards the center of the earth. As explained above, this arrangement of the holding device has the particular advantage that the receiving section of the anchor block is held securely and easily in the receptacle in this case by the effect of gravity, while at the same time flexibility of the receiving section in the receptacle is ensured.

The invention also relates to a method for fastening one or more holding devices according to the invention to a furnace wall of a furnace, in particular a furnace according to the invention, which comprises the following steps:

Fastening the holding devices via the respective fastening means on the furnace wall in such a way that the gap width of the columns of the receptacles of the holding devices decreases in the downward direction.

The fastening of the holding device via the respective fastening means on the furnace wall can be carried out according to the prior art. For this purpose, as stated above, the fastening means can be fastened to the furnace wall, for example with a material fit or with a form fit, ie for example welded or screwed to it. If the fastening means, as stated above, comprises a first fastening part and a second fastening part, the first fastening part can first be fastened accordingly to the furnace wall and the second fastening part can then be fastened to the first fastening part. In this case, the first fastening part can, for example, first be fastened to the furnace wall as above, and the second fastening part can then be mechanically fastened to the first fastening part.

Insofar as, as stated above, the first fastening part and the second fastening part are designed in such a way that the second fastening part can be fastened to the first fastening part by a relative movement of the second fastening part to the first fastening part, a method for fastening a holding device according to the invention to a furnace wall of a furnace can be used in particular include the following steps:

attaching the first attachment part to the oven wall;

Execution of a relative movement of the second fastening part to the first fastening part in order to fasten the second fastening part to the first fastening part. As explained above, the relative movement can in particular be a rotary movement, in particular with the angles of rotation described in more detail above.

In order to fasten the second fastening part to the first fastening part, the second fastening part can also be inserted into the first fastening part, as stated above, wherein, as stated above, the second fastening part can in particular have an insertion section that can be inserted into an insertion opening of the first fastening part . It can preferably be provided that when the method according to the invention is carried out, first the first fastening part is fastened to the furnace wall and then the second fastening part is inserted into the first fastening part. The movement of the second fastening part relative to the first fastening part can then be carried out.

The invention also relates to a ceramic anchor stone for a holding device for holding the ceramic anchor stone on a furnace wall, comprising the following features:

A receiving section, which can be received in a receptacle of the retaining device in order to hold the anchor stone on the retaining device, wherein the receiving section is designed in such a way that it can be positively received in the receptacle.

The receiving section of the anchor block as well as the anchor block can otherwise be designed as explained above.

Further features of the invention emerge from the claims, the figures and the following description of the figures.

All of the features of the invention can be combined with one another as desired, individually or in combination.

In the figures shows

Figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of an inventive

Holding device in a perspective view obliquely from above; FIG. 2 shows the holding device according to FIG. 1 in a side view;

Figure 3 shows the holding device according to Figure 1 in a sectional view from above along the

Section line J - J according to Figure 2;

FIG. 4 shows the first fastening part of the holding device according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view;

FIG. 5 shows the receiving part and the second fastening part of the holding device according to FIG. 1 in a view from above;

FIG. 6 shows the receiving part and the second fastening part of the holding device according to FIG. 1 in a perspective view obliquely from above;

FIG. 7 shows the receiving part and the second fastening part of the holding device according to FIG. 1 in a further perspective view obliquely from above;

FIG. 8 shows the receiving part and the second fastening part of the holding device according to FIG. 1 in a lateral sectional view;

FIG. 9 shows the anchor block of the holding device according to FIG. 1 in a side view;

FIG. 10 shows a first fixing means in a top view; and

FIG. 11 shows a second fixing means in a plan view.

In the figures, the holding device is identified in its entirety with the reference number 1 . The holding device 1 comprises fastening means 100 for fastening the holding device 1 to a furnace wall 10, a receiving part 200 for holding a ceramic anchor stone 300 on the holding device 1 and a ceramic anchor stone 300. The furnace wall 10, only a small portion of which is shown, is made of steel.

The ceramic anchor stone 300 consists of a refractory ceramic material, as is known for ceramic anchor stones from the prior art. The ceramic anchor stone 300 extends along a longitudinal axis L from an end face 302 to an opposite, further end face 306 and has a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L that is essentially rectangular. The surface of the anchor stone 300 is profiled by means of spaced longitudinal ribs 301, which extend transversely to the longitudinal axis over the side surfaces of the anchor stone 300. A receiving section 303 of the ceramic anchor stone 300 is formed adjacent to the end face 302 of the ceramic anchor stone 300 . The receiving section 303 comprises the section of the anchor stone 300 adjacent to the end face 302. The receiving section 303 comprises two rib-like profiles which flank the end face 302 on two opposite side faces of the anchor stone, and of which one of the two rib-like profiles 304 can be seen in the figures ; the further rib-like profiling is arranged symmetrically to this rib-like profiling 304 on the opposite side of the anchor block 300 . The rib-like profiles 304 taper in a wedge shape in the same direction, in the arrangement of the holding device according to FIG. 1 downwards, ie in the direction of the effect of gravity. Overall, the receiving section 303 thus has an essentially T-shaped configuration.

The ceramic anchor stone 300 is received in a receptacle 201 of the receptacle part 200 with the receptacle section 303 . The receiving part 200 is designed as a one-piece steel part with a substantially C-shaped or jaw-shaped design.

The receiving part 200 has a plate-shaped base section 202 with two legs 203 , 204 arranged on opposite edges of the base section 202 . The legs 203, 204 initially extend parallel to one another away from the base section 202 in the same direction and each have an end section 206, 207 bent towards one another at their free end. The receptacle 201 is formed by the space enclosed by the base section 202 and the legs 203 , 204 . The base section 202 has a surface 205 facing the receptacle 201 and the end sections 206, 207 each have a surface 208, 209 facing the receptacle 201 on. The surfaces 208, 209 on the one hand and the surface 205 on the other hand approach one another in one direction—downward in the arrangement of the holding device 1 shown in FIG. The legs 203, 204 enclose the receiving section 303.

The receiving section 303 is designed with a form fit for the seat 201 and is also received with a form fit and at the same time with a friction fit in the seat 201 via a first fixing means 400 described in more detail below.

To hold the ceramic anchor stone 300 on the receiving part 200, the receiving part 200, as shown in Figure 1, was arranged with a gap width of the seat 201 that decreased downwards and the ceramic anchor stone 300 was then inserted with its receiving section 303 from the top into the seat 201 until the receiving section 303, with the interposition of the first fixing means 400, rests over the entire surface against the receptacle 201, with the result that the receptacle 201 also acts as a stop for the receiving section 303 in this respect. The anchor stone 300 is then held securely in this position in the receiving part 200 due to the force of gravity.

The receiving section 303 is held by a first fixing means 400 with a friction fit in the receptacle 201 . The first fixing means 400 is in the form of a 4 mm thick, solid, ie essentially non-compressible, plastic plate made of polyethylene. To produce the frictional connection, the first fixing means 400 was arranged between the end face 302 of the ceramic anchor block 300 and the surface 205 of the base section 202 facing the receptacle 201 while the receiving section 303 was being inserted into the receptacle 201, so that when the receiving section 303 was in place it of the receptacle 201 is then pushed between the end face 302 and the surface 205 and thereby produces a frictional connection.

The fastening means 100 for fastening the holding device 1 to the furnace wall 10 comprise a first fastening part 101 and a second fastening part 102. The second fastening part 102 is designed in such a way that it can be positively fastened to the first fastening part 101 by means of a relative movement in the form of a rotary movement. The first fastening part 101 is essentially designed in the manner of a bridge as a one-piece steel part. The first fastening part 101 comprises a central, plate-shaped section 103 and on its four edges sections 104, 105, 106 extending away from the plate-shaped section 103 in the same direction away from the plate-shaped section 103,

107, which are connected at their respective free ends to the furnace wall 10 via a welded joint. As a result, the plate-shaped section 103 of the first fastening part 101 is arranged at a distance from the oven wall 10 on the latter. The plate-shaped section 103 has a slot 108 in the form of a horizontally extending slot. Because of the distance between the plate-shaped section 103 and the furnace wall 10, the elongated hole is designed with an undercut.

The second fastening part 102 and the receiving part 200 are designed as a one-piece steel part. The second fastening part 102 is designed as a T-shaped plug-in part, which extends away from the center of the base section 202 on the side of the base section 202 opposite the base section 202 . The T-shaped plug-in part of the second fastening part 102 has a base leg 109 extending away from the base section 202 and a transverse leg 110 running transversely thereto at its distal end. The transverse leg 110 runs along the decreasing gap width of the receptacle 201, ie vertically in the arrangement of the holding device 1 according to FIG.

The transverse leg 110 of the second fastening part 102 is dimensioned in such a way that it can be inserted into the elongated hole 108 (i.e. rotated by 90° compared to the representation in the figures) and after insertion by a relative movement in the form of a rotary movement by 90° engages behind the undercut of the elongated hole 108, so that the second fastening part 102 can then no longer be pulled out of the elongated hole 108 and is thus fastened to it in a form-fitting manner. This attachment of the second attachment part 102 to the first attachment part 101 can then only be released if the second attachment part 102 is again rotated by 90° counter to the first rotational movement and then pulled out of the elongated hole 108 . At the same time, the second fastening part 102 is also fastened to the first fastening part 101 in a frictionally engaged manner by a second fixing means 401 . The second fixing means 401 is present as a plate-shaped composite material with a thickness of 4 mm, with a recess 402 in the form of a bay being formed in the composite material. The composite material comprises a plastic plate and a cardboard plate, each 2 mm thick, which lie flat on top of each other. The plastic plate consists of the same material as the first fixing means 400. The cardboard plate consists of an elastically compressible cardboard. To create the frictional connection, the second fixing means 401 was arranged between the plate-shaped section 103 of the first fastening part 101 and the base section 202 of the receiving part 200 while the transverse leg 110 was being inserted and the second fastening part 102 so that the second fastening part 102 was held against the elastic force of the second Fixing means 401 had to be inserted into the first fastening part 101, so that the second fixing means 401 is then pushed between the plate-shaped section 103 and the base section 202 after the fastening and thereby produces a frictional connection.

The holding device shown in the figures serves to hold the refractory lining of a furnace in the form of an industrial furnace for temperature treatment of goods at over 600° Celsius.

To fasten several holding devices 1 to the furnace wall 10 of the industrial furnace, the procedure for each of the holding devices is as follows:

The first fastening part 101 of the fastening means 100 is welded to the furnace wall 10 in such a way that the elongated hole 108 extends horizontally.

The second fastening means 102 is fastened to the first fastening part 101 in a positive and frictional manner with the interposition of the second fixing means 401, as explained above. In this fastened position of the second fastening part 102 on the first fastening part 101, the width of the gap in the receptacle 201 decreases downwards. To hold the ceramic anchor stone 300 on the receiving part 200, the receiving section 303 of the ceramic anchor stone 300 is fastened to the seat 201 in a form-fitting and friction-locked manner with the interposition of the first fixing means 400, as explained above.

A refractory lining of the furnace can then be held on a plurality of holding devices 1 correspondingly fastened to the furnace wall 10 .

When the furnace is in operation, the first and second fixing means 400, 401 lose their frictional effect because the cardboard of the second fixing means 401 ignites and the plastic of the first and second fixing means 400, 401 melts. As a result, the mobility of the holding device 1 is increased, as explained above, so that thermal expansions can be absorbed particularly well by the holding device. Nevertheless, the fastening of the anchor stone 300 to the receptacle 201 and of the second fastening part 102 to the first fastening part 101 are retained even if the lining is later removed.

Claims

Holding device for holding a ceramic anchor block on a furnace wall, a furnace comprising such a holding device, a method for fastening such a holding device on a furnace wall and ceramic anchor block for such a holding device

1. Holding device (1) for holding a ceramic anchor stone (300) on a furnace wall (10), the holding device (10) comprising:

1.1 fastening means (100) for fastening the holding device (1) to a furnace wall (10),

1.2 a receiving part (200) for holding a ceramic anchor stone (300) on the holding device (1),

1.3 a ceramic anchor stone (300), wherein

1.4 the ceramic anchor stone (300) has a receiving section (303) and

1.5 the receiving part (200) has a receptacle (201) in which the receiving section (303) is received, characterized in that

1.6 the receptacle (201) is designed as a gap with a gap width that decreases in one direction.

2. Holding device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the receiving portion (303) is positively received in the receptacle (201).

3. Holding device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the receiving portion (303) is frictionally received in the receptacle (201).

4. Holding device (1) according to claim 3, wherein the receiving portion (303) by a first fixing means (400) is frictionally received in the receptacle (201).

5. Holding device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the receiving section (303) in the direction of the decreasing gap width of the receptacle (201) can be inserted into the latter.

6. Holding device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the receiving section (303) received in the receptacle (201) bears against the receptacle (201) over its entire surface.

7. Holding device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the receptacle (201) has surfaces (205, 208, 209) approaching one another in the direction of the reducing gap width.

8. Holding device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the receiving part (200) is formed in one piece.

9. Holding device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the receptacle (201) is formed by a C-shaped receptacle part (200).

10. Holding device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the receiving section (303) is formed adjacent to an end face (302) of the anchor block (300).

11. Holding device (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the fastening means (100) comprise a first fastening part (101) and a second fastening part (102), the first fastening part (101) being able to be fastened to an oven wall (10), wherein the second fastening part (102) is fastened to the receiving part (200) and wherein the second fastening part (102) can be fastened to the first fastening part (101).

12. Furnace comprising the following features:

12.1 A furnace wall (10),

12.2 one or more holding devices (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the holding devices (1) are each fastened to the furnace wall (10) via the fastening means (100).

13. Oven according to claim 12, wherein the holding devices (1) are attached to the oven wall (10) in such a way that the gap width of the columns of the receptacles (201) of the holding devices (1) decreases in the downward direction.

14. A method for fastening one or more holding devices (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 11 on a furnace wall (10) of a furnace, comprising the following steps:

Fastening the holding devices (1) via the respective fastening means (100) to the furnace wall (10) in such a way that the gap width of the columns of the receptacles (201) of the holding devices (1) decreases in the downward direction.

15. Ceramic anchor stone (300) for a holding device (1) for holding the ceramic anchor stone (300) on a furnace wall (10), comprising the following features:

15.1 A receiving section (303) for holding the ceramic

Anchor stone (300) on the holding device (1) can be accommodated in a receptacle (201) of the holding device (1), wherein

15.2 the receiving section (303) is designed in such a way that it can be received in the receptacle (201) with a positive fit.