EP4342913A1 - Molécule de récepteur antigénique chimérique pour reconnaître de manière spécifique baff-r et utilisation d'une molécule de récepteur antigénique chimérique - Google Patents

Molécule de récepteur antigénique chimérique pour reconnaître de manière spécifique baff-r et utilisation d'une molécule de récepteur antigénique chimérique Download PDF

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EP4342913A1
EP4342913A1 EP22804030.9A EP22804030A EP4342913A1 EP 4342913 A1 EP4342913 A1 EP 4342913A1 EP 22804030 A EP22804030 A EP 22804030A EP 4342913 A1 EP4342913 A1 EP 4342913A1
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seq
baff
amino acid
acid sequence
chimeric antigen
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Xinmin Zhang
Weihong NIAN
Chuanying XU
Feng He
Qing Zhou
Jianbing Zhang
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Guangzhou Yinnuolai Biotechnology Co Ltd
Shanghai Escugen Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Yinnuolai Biotechnology Co Ltd
Shanghai Escugen Biotechnology Co Ltd
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    • C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
    • C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
    • C07K16/2878—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against the NGF-receptor/TNF-receptor superfamily, e.g. CD27, CD30, CD40, CD95
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2239/00—Indexing codes associated with cellular immunotherapy of group A61K39/46
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    • A61K39/461—Cellular immunotherapy characterised by the cell type used
    • A61K39/4611—T-cells, e.g. tumor infiltrating lymphocytes [TIL], lymphokine-activated killer cells [LAK] or regulatory T cells [Treg]
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61K39/46—Cellular immunotherapy
    • A61K39/463—Cellular immunotherapy characterised by recombinant expression
    • A61K39/4631—Chimeric Antigen Receptors [CAR]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/46—Cellular immunotherapy
    • A61K39/464—Cellular immunotherapy characterised by the antigen targeted or presented
    • A61K39/4643—Vertebrate antigens
    • A61K39/4644—Cancer antigens
    • A61K39/464402—Receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
    • A61K39/464416—Receptors for cytokines
    • A61K39/464417—Receptors for tumor necrosis factors [TNF], e.g. lymphotoxin receptor [LTR], CD30
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
    • C07K14/70503—Immunoglobulin superfamily
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    • C07K19/00—Hybrid peptides, i.e. peptides covalently bound to nucleic acids, or non-covalently bound protein-protein complexes
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    • C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
    • C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
    • C12N5/0602—Vertebrate cells
    • C12N5/0634—Cells from the blood or the immune system
    • C12N5/0636—T lymphocytes
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/51—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising whole cells, viruses or DNA/RNA
    • A61K2039/515—Animal cells
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    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/50—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments
    • C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
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    • C07K2317/622—Single chain antibody (scFv)
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    • C12N2510/00—Genetically modified cells

Definitions

  • the present application relates to an engineered specific antigen recognition receptor molecule and an engineered immune effector cell comprising the receptor molecule.
  • T lymphocytes play a major role in the tumor immune response and have a strong ability to kill tumor cells, but their function is limited by MHC.
  • the single-chain antibody that recognizes the target antigen in a non-MHC-restricted manner is linked with the hinge region, transmembrane domain, and T cell activation motif to assemble a CAR structure, and the CAR structure is integrated into the T cell with the help of a virus and other vectors, and finally enable T cells to specifically bind to antigens associated with the surface of tumor cells and be activated, that is, CAR-T.
  • CAR-T directly kills tumor cells by releasing perforin and granzyme B; on the other hand, activated CAR-T further releases cytokines to recruit human endogenous immune cells to kill tumor cells, achieving the purpose of effectively inhibiting tumors.
  • immune memory T cells can also be formed to obtain a specific long-term anti-tumor mechanism.
  • a chimeric antigen receptor consists of an extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain, and an activation stimulation domain.
  • the extracellular domain is composed of an antigen recognition domain and a connecting hinge region.
  • the antigen recognition domain is the basis for CAR to specifically bind tumor antigens. Its main structure is an scFv, which is usually composed of a light chain(VL) and a heavy chain(VH) of a monoclonal antibody linked by a polypeptide, retaining the specificity of the antibody to the antigen.
  • the hinge region connects the scFv and the transmembrane domain, and the hinge region of most CARs is derived from the hinge of IgG or the extracellular region of CD8 ⁇ /CD28.
  • the transmembrane domain connects the extracellular domain of the CAR with the intracellular activation stimulation domain and anchors the receptor to the T cell membrane.
  • Commonly used transmembrane domains include those membrane domains derived from CD4, CD8 ⁇ , CD28 and CD3 ⁇ .
  • the activation stimulation domain consists of an intracellular costimulatory domain and a signaling domain, and the costimulatory domain is usually from the CD28 receptor family(CD28, ICOS) or tumor necrosis factor receptor family(4-1BB, OX40, CD27) , and the signaling domain is usually the T cell receptor TCR/CD3 ⁇ chain, containing an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif(ITAM).
  • the activation stimulation domain plays a key role in the process of mediating T cell signal transmission until T cell activation and proliferation, and finally completes the killing of tumors.
  • B-cell malignancies are high-incidence malignancies, and there are about 300,000 new patients worldwide each year, with an annual growth rate of 5%-7%.
  • Chimeric antigen receptor T cells(CAR-T) have been widely used in the treatment of B-cell malignancies, and CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD 19 has a good effect on refractory B-cell malignancies.
  • Response rates in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) and various non-Hodgkin's lymphoma subtypes are as high as 80%-90%. However, only about 40% to 50% of patients have long-term efficacy, and CD 19 downregulation/negative relapse occurs in about 30% of patients.
  • B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS for short), a member of the tumor necrosis factor(TNF) superfamily, also known as TNF-and ApoL related leukocyte-expressed ligand 1(TALL-1), TNF homologue that activates apoptosis, nuclear factor- ⁇ B and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase(THANK), TNF superfamily member 13B(TNFSF13B), B cell-activating factor(BAFF) and zTNF4, belongs to type II transmembrane proteins, can specifically bind to B cells and plays a key role in B cell survival, proliferation, development and differentiation.
  • TNF tumor necrosis factor
  • TALL-1 TNF-and ApoL related leukocyte-expressed ligand 1
  • THANK nuclear factor- ⁇ B and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase
  • TNFSF13B TNF superfamily member 13B(TNFSF13B)
  • BAFF B cell-activating factor
  • BAFF has three receptors, namely BAFF receptor(BAFF-R), B cell maturation antigen(BCMA) and TNFR homology transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand intergrator(TACI), all of which are type III transmembrane proteins.
  • BCMA and TACI can not only bind to BAFF, but also bind to another member of the TNF ligand family, the proliferation-inducing ligand(APRIL), and BAFF-R is a specific receptor for BAFF and plays a more important role than the other two receptors in the regulatory B lymphocytes.
  • BAFF-R tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 13C(TNFRSF13C)
  • TNF receptor(TNFR) superfamily on the B cell membrane
  • the published human BAFF-R amino acid sequence has a total length of 184 amino acids, of which amino acids 1-78 are the extracellular domain, amino acids 79-99 are the transmembrane domain, and amino acids 100-184 are the intracellular region. Its coding gene is located on chromosome 22q13.1.
  • BAFF-R is mainly expressed in B cells, promoting the survival and proliferation of B cells by activating the NF- ⁇ B pathway, and is highly expressed on the surface of various B cell malignant tumor cells.
  • the imbalance of the BAFF-BAFF-R signaling pathway can cause the immune imbalance of the body, including a series of diseases caused by abnormally high expression of BAFF-R in abnormal or normal cells, such as autoimmune diseases, graft-versus-host diseases and tumors.
  • This target covers a wide range of stages in the maturation of B cells, and can target all B cell malignancies except plasma cell lesions(multiple myeloma), having a wide range of applications.
  • this target is not expressed in stem cells and progenitor B cells, and therefore does not permanently harm the recovery and function reconstitution of normal B cells, having a favorable safety profile.
  • this application provides a chimeric antigen receptor molecule(CAR molecule) specifically recognizing BAFF-R and an engineered immune effector cell(e.g., chimeric antigen receptor T cells(CAR-T)).
  • CAR molecule specifically recognizing BAFF-R
  • an engineered immune effector cell e.g., chimeric antigen receptor T cells(CAR-T)
  • Studies have proved that the chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting BAFF-R of the present application have a strong killing effect on tumor cells and an in vivo tumor suppressing effect, and have potential for development.
  • this application relates to:
  • the chimeric antigen receptor molecule specifically recognizing BAFF-R provided in this application can specifically recognize and bind to BAFF-R and activate downstream signaling pathways to cause, promote or enhance the immune response with regards to BAFF-R, for example, specifically kill target cells expressing BAFF-R in vitro or in vivo, and finally achieve the purpose of treating or preventing diseases caused by the imbalance of the B cell BAFF-BAFF-R signaling pathway.
  • this application designs a new type of chimeric antigen receptor molecule recognizing BAFF-R protein that specifically and highly expressed on the surface of B cells, and provides a nucleic acid molecule encoding the receptor, the engineered immune effector cell comprising the receptors, the pharmaceutical composition, and the use thereof for the purpose of treating or preventing diseases caused by imbalances of the B cell BAFF-BAFF-R signaling pathway, such as B cell malignancies.
  • receptor refers to a biomacromolecule capable of binding to hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, or intracellular signaling molecules and causing changes in cell functions. According to the location of receptors in the cell, receptors can be divided into two categories: cell membrane receptors and intracellular receptors. A receptor itself contains at least two active sites: one is the active site that recognizes and binds to the ligand(referred to as the "specific recognition domain” in this application); and the other is the activation site that responsible for the production of response(referred to as the "activation stimulation domain” herein).
  • the activation-stimulation domain can produce a response only after the receptor binds to the ligand to form a binary complex and is allosteric, thereby initiating a series of biochemical reactions, and finally causing the effector cell where the receptor is located to produce biological effects.
  • the "activation stimulation domain” comprises a signaling domain, or comprises one or more signaling domains and one or more costimulatory domains.
  • a “signaling domain” provides a primary signal for activating lymphocytes, such as activating T cells or NK cells, while a "costimulatory domain” provides a secondary signal for activating lymphocytes.
  • a transmembrane domain is further included between the antigen recognition region and the activation stimulation domain.
  • the antigen recognition region and the transmembrane domain are linked by a hinge region.
  • intracellular domain and “intracellular region” may be used interchangeably, and may refer to a domain of a receptor molecule that is located in the cell and plays a role in signaling after the receptor binds to a ligand.
  • chimeric antigen receptor(CAR) is a class of engineered cell surface receptors, generally expressed on immune cells, which mediates the killing of engineered immune cells against specific target tumor cells or other diseased cells.
  • a CAR also comprises a specific recognition domain and an activation stimulation domain.
  • the specific recognition domain of a CAR can specifically recognize an antigen, so it is also called the antigen recognition region.
  • the antigen recognition region of a CAR is located outside the cell membrane.
  • the antigen recognition region is a single chain variable fragment(scFv) of an Ig.
  • a "scFv” comprises a heavy chain variable region(VH) and a light chain variable region(VL) of an Ig.
  • the VL and VH regions are linked together by a peptide chain.
  • heterogen binding protein e.g., humanized antibodies
  • the basic structural unit of naturally occurring immunoglobulins such as IgG, is a tetramer with two light chains and two heavy chains.
  • the amino-terminal("N) portion of each chain comprises a variable region of about 100 to 110 or more amino acids primarily responsible for antigen recognition.
  • the carboxy-terminal("C" portion) of each chain defines a constant region.
  • a light chain has a single constant domain and a heavy chain typically has three constant domains and a hinge region.
  • a naturally occurring light chain structure of an IgG molecule is N-VL-CL-C
  • the structure of an IgG heavy chain is N-VH-CH1-H-CH2-CH3-C(where H is the hinge region).
  • CH1, CH2 and CH3 are the components of the constant region of an antibody's heavy chain
  • the CH3 region is involved in the binding of a receptor on the cell membrane surface
  • CH2 is involved in the complement activation pathway and is the complement binding site
  • CH1 has an Ig allotype genetic marker.
  • variable region of IgG consists of complementarity determining regions(CDRs) and non-CDR segments called framework regions.
  • CDRs complementarity determining regions
  • framework regions a CDR contains residues that contact an antigen
  • a framework region is used to maintain the structure of the variable region and determine the position of the CDR loop.
  • VL and VH domains have the following structure: N-FR1-CDR1-FR2-CDR2-FR3-CDR3-FR4-C.
  • the specific recognition domain is a polypeptide or protein ligand other than scFv, for example, a modified interleukin-13(IL-13) molecule can be used to prepare the specific recognition domain, thereby obtaining IL-13R ⁇ 2-specific CAR for the treatment of glioblastoma.
  • a modified interleukin-13(IL-13) molecule can be used to prepare the specific recognition domain, thereby obtaining IL-13R ⁇ 2-specific CAR for the treatment of glioblastoma.
  • single-chain variable fragment refers to a form of an antibody only comprising the variable regions of a heavy chain(CH) and a light chain(CL) ligated by a linker peptide.
  • An scFv can be expressed as a single chain polypeptide.
  • An scFv retains the specificity of the intact antibody from which it was derived.
  • the light and heavy chains can be in any order, e.g., VH-linker-VL or VL-linker-VH, as long as the specificity of the scFv for the target antigen is preserved.
  • linkers can also be omitted.
  • linker refers to an oligopeptide or polypeptide region of about 1 to 100 amino acids in length that links together any of the domains/regions of the CAR of the invention.
  • Linkers can be composed of flexible residues such as glycine and serine so that adjacent protein domains are free to move relative to each other. Longer linkers can be used when it is desired to ensure that two adjacent domains do not sterically interfere with each other.
  • Alternative linkers are known to those skilled in the art and may be used in combination with alternative embodiments of the invention.
  • an antibody refers to an intact immunoglobulin or a monoclonal or polyclonal antigen-binding fragment having an Fc region(fragment crystallizable region) or the FcRn-binding fragment of an Fc(referred to herein as an "Fc fragment” or "Fc domain”).
  • An antigen-binding fragment can be produced by recombinant DNA techniques or by enzymatic or chemical cleavage of an intact antibody.
  • Antigen binding fragments specifically include Fab, Fab', F(ab')2, Fv, dAb and complementarity determining region(CDR) fragments, single chain antibodies(scFv), single domain antibodies, chimeric antibodies, diabodies and such polypeptides comprising at least a portion of an immunoglobulin sufficient to confer specific antigen binding to the polypeptide.
  • An Fc domain comprises CH2 and CH3 portions of two heavy chains, and can be produced by recombinant DNA techniques or by enzymatic(e.g., papain cleavage) or by chemical cleavage of intact antibodies.
  • antibody fragment refers to a fragment of a protein that comprises only a portion of an intact antibody, usually including the antigen-binding site of the intact antibody, and thus retains the ability to bind the antigen.
  • antibody fragments described herein include, but are not limited to:(i) Fab fragments having VL, CL, VH, and CH1 domains;(ii) Fab' fragments, i.e., a Fab fragment having one or more cysteine residues at the C-terminal of the CH1 domain;(iii) Fd fragments having VH and CH1 domains;(iv) Fd' fragments having VH and CH1 domains and one or more cysteine residues at the C-terminal of the CH1 domains;(v) Fv fragments having VL and VH domains of a single antibody arm;(vi) dAb fragments consisting of a VH domain( Ward et al., Nature 341, 544-546(1989 ));(vii) isolated C
  • the term "specifically bind” means that an antibody binds to a specific antigen and does not bind to other antigens other than the specific antigen.
  • the specific antigens may be one or more, and in some embodiments, the specific antigens contain the same or similar antigenic epitopes.
  • the specific binding has a binding affinity for the contact between the antibody and the antigen of at least 10 -6 M .
  • the antibody binds with an affinity of at least about 10 -7 M, preferably 10 -8 M, 10 -9 M, 10 -10 M, 10 -11 M, or 10 -12 M.
  • nucleic acid or nucleic acid molecule
  • polynucleotide including but not limited to DNA, RNA, cDNA(complementary DNA), mRNA(messenger RNA), rRNA(ribosomal RNA) , shRNA(small hairpin RNA), snRNA(small nuclear RNA), snoRNA(short nucleolar RNA), miRNA(microRNA), genomic DNA, synthetic DNA, synthetic RNA and/or tRNA.
  • vector refers to a vector that can introduce a polynucleotide sequence(such as a foreign gene) into a host cell to transform the host and facilitate the expression(such as transcription and translation) of the introduced sequence.
  • the vectors include plasmids, phages, viruses and the like.
  • the “signaling domain” generally comprises an immune-receptor tyrosine-based activation motif(ITAM), the basic composition of which is: YXXL/V. Wherein Y is tyrosine, L/V refers to leucine or valine, and X can be any amino acid.
  • ITAM immune-receptor tyrosine-based activation motif
  • Y is tyrosine
  • L/V refers to leucine or valine
  • X can be any amino acid.
  • the tyrosine in the ITAM linked to it can be phosphorylated under the action of a type of protein tyrosine kinase PTK linked to the cell membrane, thereby recruiting other free protein kinases or adapter proteins in the cell, transmitting activation signals into the cell.
  • the "signaling domain” is the intracellular signaling domain of TCR ⁇ (CD3 ⁇ ) or Fc ⁇ RI ⁇ .
  • the "costimulatory domain” also known as “costimulatory signal region” is mainly used to provide a costimulatory signal to enhance the ability of immune cells, including, for example, enhancing the proliferation, survival and/or development of memory cells.
  • the "costimulatory domain” is selected from CD28, 4-1BB(CD137), OX40(CD134) and the like.
  • transmembrane domain also known as “transmembrane region” refers to a thermodynamically stable protein structural region anchored in the cell membrane.
  • Transmembrane domains can be obtained from natural proteins, such as those derived from T cell receptors(TCR).
  • TCR T cell receptors
  • the transmembrane domain is selected from the group consisting of transmembrane domains of CD4, CD8 ⁇ , CD28, and CD3 ⁇ .
  • the "hinge region” is a peptide chain connecting the antigen recognition region and the transmembrane domain, and is usually elastic.
  • the hinge region is derived from the hinge of IgG or the extracellular region of CD8 ⁇ /CD28.
  • the “hinge” of IgG refers to the region between the CH1 and CH2 functional regions of IgG, which usually comprises a large amount of proline.
  • the "anti-BAFF-R chimeric antigen receptor” is one of the “receptors specifically recognizing BAFF-R". It specifically refers to a chimeric antigen receptor containing an anti-BAFF-R antibody heavy chain variable region and light chain variable region in the antigen recognition region.
  • the chimeric antigen receptor can specifically recognize BAFF-R, and activate the downstream pathway of the cell where the receptor is located through signaling.
  • the anti-BAFF-R chimeric antigen receptor is located on the surface of immune cells selected from NK cells, macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, etc. After specifically recognizing BAFF-R, it activates the immune effector cell to produce immune effects such as humoral immunity, cellular immunity, and/or cytotoxicity; or activates the immune cells to further proliferate, etc.
  • an “immune effector cell” refers to a cell(such as T cells and natural killer(NK) cells) capable of achieving immune effects and immune responses(such as immune killing effects and immune response effects) against a target antigen or a target cell.
  • a "CAR-T” is a chimeric antigen receptor T cell, which is a T cell expressing a chimeric antigen receptor molecule on the cell surface, and can recognize a target antigen on a cell surface.
  • a CAR-T has been developed to the fourth generation.
  • a CAR-T of the first-generation has a CAR molecule formed by fusing the signaling domain of a CD3 ⁇ chain or Fc ⁇ RI ⁇ and the antigen recognition region, and comprising no costimulatory domains.
  • the first-generation CAR-T has limited proliferation ability in vivo and is prone to apoptosis.
  • the second-generation CAR is added with a costimulatory domain, such as CD28 or 4-1BB(CD137).
  • CD28 has strong anti-tumor activity
  • 4-1BB is that it can prolong the survival time of T lymphocytes and maintain its anti-tumor effects.
  • the second-generation CAR has stronger proliferation ability than the first-generation CAR, and can secrete more cytokines and anti-apoptotic proteins.
  • the third-generation CAR-T can not only express two costimulatory signal molecules at the same time, but also secrete more IFN- ⁇ , and has stronger anti-tumor cytotoxicity.
  • the fourth-generation CAR-T can further secrete specific cytokines(such as IL-12) in tumors, thereby changing the tumor microenvironment, and influencing and activating other immune cells to generate an immune response.
  • the "signal peptide” refers to a short peptide chain that guides the transfer of newly synthesized proteins to the secretory pathway, usually 5-30 amino acids in length.
  • the signal peptide is a membrane localization signal peptide, i.e., an amino acid sequence used to direct transmembrane transfer(localization) of a protein.
  • the signal peptide is located at the N-terminal of the amino acid sequence.
  • the coding sequence of the signal peptide is usually located after the initiation codon, which is an RNA region encoding a hydrophobic amino acid sequence. After the signal peptide guides the protein to complete its positioning, it is usually excised under the action of signal peptidase.
  • a "variant" of the protein or nucleic acid refers to a protein or nucleic acid that has the same function but has one or more mutations in its sequence as compared with a specific protein or nucleic acid.
  • a “variant" of a certain protein refers to a protein having the same function and at least 70% sequence identity with the certain protein, obtained by artificial or natural mutations which lead to mutations such as insertions, deletions, and substations of one or more amino acids in the amino acid sequence of the certain protein.
  • Identity of sequences as used herein refers to the degree of similarity between amino acid sequences or between nucleotide sequences as determined by sequence alignment software, such as BLAST.
  • the imbalance of BAFF-BAFF-R signaling pathway can cause various diseases, including autoimmune diseases, graft-versus-host diseases and tumors.
  • the neoplasms include all B-cell malignancies except plasma cell lesions(multiple myeloma), such as mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, Burkitt's Lymphoma, lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, etc.
  • the autoimmune diseases include, for example, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, glomerular nephritis, Sjögren's syndrome, or autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
  • the term "effective amount” or “therapeutically effective amount” refers to the amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more peptides, proteins, nucleic acids or mutants, variants, analogs or derivatives thereof disclosed in the present application, and the patient or subject receiving the "effective amount” or “therapeutically effective amount” of the pharmaceutical composition can obtain a reasonable benefit/risk ratio of medical treatment, thereby alleviating or preventing at least one or more of symptoms of a disease or a condition and achieving the desired therapeutic or preventive effect.
  • the term “about” refers to the usual error range for the respective value readily known to those skilled in the art. Reference to “about” a value or parameter herein includes(and describes) embodiments that are directed to that value or parameter per se. As used herein, the term “about” when preceding a numerical value means within 10% above or below the numerical value. For example, “about 100” encompasses 90 and 110.
  • the present application provides a receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R.
  • the receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R is a chimeric antigen receptor(CAR).
  • the receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R is a chimeric antigen receptor(CAR), it comprises a specific recognition domain and an activation stimulation domain, and a transmembrane domain located between the specific recognition domain and activation stimulation domain, wherein, the specific recognition domain refers to the part of the CAR that specifically binds the target antigen on a target cell.
  • the specific recognition domain comprises an antibody or a functional equivalent thereof or a fragment or derivative thereof, for example may comprise a full-length heavy chain, a Fab fragment, a single chain Fv(scFv) fragment, a bivalent single-chain antibody or a diabody, each specific for a target antigen.
  • the specific recognition domain comprises a T cell receptor(TCR) or an antigen recognition portion thereof, such as a single chain TCR(scTCR).
  • TCR T cell receptor
  • scTCR single chain TCR
  • the specific recognition domain comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: SEQ ID NO:6, SEQ ID NO:7, SEQ ID NO:8, SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 11, SEQ ID NO: 12 or an amino acid sequence having about 70% or more sequence identity therewith, for example an amino acid sequence having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the specific recognition domain comprises:
  • the heavy chain variable region comprises three complementarity determining regions, respectively CDR H1, CDR H2 and CDR H3, and the CDR H1, CDR H2 and CDR H3 respectively comprise amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7, and SEQ ID NO: 8 or the amino acid sequences having about 70% or more sequence identity therewith, for example, amino acid sequences having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith; and the light chain variable region also comprises three complementarity determining regions, respectively CDR L1, CDR L2 and CDR L3, and the CDR L1, CDR L2 and CDR L3 respectively comprise amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO: 10, SEQ ID NO: 11, and SEQ ID NO: 12 or the amino acid sequences having about 70% or more sequence identity therewith, for example the amino acid sequences having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the heavy chain variable region and the light chain variable region further comprise a framework region, preferably a human antibody framework region.
  • the heavy chain variable region comprises an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 5 or an amino acid sequence having about 70% or more sequence identity therewith, for example an amino acid sequence having about 75%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith; and the light chain variable region comprises an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9 or an amino acid sequence having about 70% sequence identity therewith, for example, an amino acid sequence having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the heavy chain variable region and the light chain variable region are linked by a linker to form an scFv
  • the scFv comprises an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 4 or an amino acid sequence having about or more than 70% sequence identity therewith, for example, an amino acid sequence having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • a CAR usually comprises a specific recognition domain, an activation stimulation domain, and a transmembrane domain between them.
  • the CAR is a first-generation CAR in which the signaling domain can be cytoplasmic and can transduce effector function signals and direct the cell to perform its specialized functions.
  • signaling domains include, but are not limited to, the ⁇ chain of a T cell receptor or any homologues thereof(e.g., ⁇ chain, Fc ⁇ R1 ⁇ , ⁇ chain, MB1(Ig ⁇ ) chain, B29(Ig ⁇ ) chain, etc.), CD3 polypeptides(y, ⁇ , and ⁇ ), syk family tyrosine kinases(Syk, ZAP70, etc.), src family tyrosine kinases(Lck, Fyn, Lyn, etc.) and other molecules involved in T cell transduction, such as CD2, CD5 and CD28.
  • the intracellular signaling domain can be a human CD3 ⁇ chain, FcyRIII, Fc ⁇ RI, the cytoplasmic tail of an Fc receptor, a cytoplasmic receptor with an immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motif(ITAM), or a combination thereof.
  • ITAM immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motif
  • Other intracellular signaling domains will be apparent to those skilled in the art and may be used in combination with alternative embodiments of the invention.
  • the signaling domain comprised by the activation stimulation domain is a signaling domain comprising an immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motif.
  • the intracellular signaling domain comprises a signaling domain of one or more selected from the group consisting of: intracellular regions of CD3 ⁇ , CD3 ⁇ , CD3 ⁇ , CD3 ⁇ , Fc ⁇ RI ⁇ , Fc ⁇ R1 ⁇ , CD79 ⁇ , CD79 ⁇ , FcyRIIa, DAP10 and DAP12 molecules, or variants retaining the same function thereof.
  • the intracellular signaling domain comprises the intracellular region of CD3 ⁇ or Fc ⁇ RI ⁇ , or the variants retaining the same function thereof.
  • the intracellular signaling domain is derived from the intracellular region of CD3 ⁇ .
  • the intracellular signaling domain comprises an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 20 or an amino acid sequence having about 70% or more sequence identity therewith, for example having an amino acid sequence having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the CAR is a second-generation CAR, wherein the signaling domain is the above-mentioned signaling domain, and the costimulatory domain further comprised is any one of the intracellular regions of the following molecules: CD27, CD28, 4-1BB, OX40, CD30, CD40, CD2, LFA-1, LIGHT, NKG2C, B7-H3, PD-l, ICOS, CDS, ICAM-1, GITR, BAFFR, LIGHTR, SLAMF7, CD7, NKp80(KLRF1), CD160, CD19, CD4, CD8 ⁇ , CD8 ⁇ , IL2R ⁇ , IL2R ⁇ , IL7R ⁇ , ITGA4, VLA1, CD49a, ITGA4, IA4, CD49D, ITGA6, VLA-6, CD49f, ITGAD, CD11d, ITGAE, CD103, ITGAL, CD11a, LFA-1, ITGAM, CD11b, ITGAX, CD11c,
  • the CAR is a third-generation CAR, wherein the signaling domain is the above-mentioned signaling domain, and the costimulatory domain further included is any two, three, or more of the intracellular regions of the following molecules: CD27, CD28, 4-1BB, OX40, CD30, CD40, CD2, LFA-1, LIGHT, NKG2C, B7-H3, PD-1, ICOS, CDS, ICAM-1, GITR, BAFFR, LIGHTR, SLAMF7, CD7, NKp80(KLRF1), CD160, CD19, CD4, CD8 ⁇ , CD8 ⁇ , IL2R ⁇ , IL2R ⁇ , IL7R ⁇ , ITGA4, VLA1, CD49a, ITGA4, IA4, CD49D, ITGA6, VLA -6, CD49f, ITGAD, CD11d, ITGAE, CD103, ITGAL, CD11a, LFA-1, ITGAM, CD11b, ITGAX,
  • the costimulatory domain is preferably the 4-1BB intracellular region, the CD28 intracellular region, the OX40 intracellular region, or variants retaining the same functions thereof.
  • the costimulatory domain comprises an intracellular region derived from 4-1BB.
  • the costimulatory domain comprises an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 18 or an amino acid sequence having about 70% or more sequence identity therewith, such as an amino acid sequence having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the effector cells where the CAR is located can get appropriate activation signal when the CAR binds to the ligand.
  • the transmembrane domain between the specific recognition domain and the activation stimulation domain can be derived from any transmembrane sequence of any proteins with a transmembrane domain(including any of type I, type II or type III transmembrane proteins).
  • the transmembrane domain of the CAR of the present invention may also contain artificial hydrophobic sequences.
  • the transmembrane domain comprises the transmembrane domain of a molecule selected from the group consisting of: TCR ⁇ , TCR ⁇ , TCRy, CD3 ⁇ , CD3 ⁇ , CD45, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD9, CD16, CD22, CD28, CD33, CD37, CD64, CD80, CD86, CD134, CD137, CD154, KIRDS2, OX40, CD2, CD27, LFA-1, ICOS(CD278), 4-1BB, CTLA-4, GITR, CD40, BAFFR, LIGHTR, SLAMF7 , NKp80, CD160, CD19, IL2R ⁇ , IL2R ⁇ , IL7R ⁇ , ITGA1, VLA1, CD49 ⁇ , ITGA4, IA4, CD49D, ITGA6, VLA-6, CD49f, ITGAD, CD11d, ITGAE, CD103, ITGAL, CD11a, ITGAM, CD11b, ITGAX , CD11c, ITGB1,
  • the transmembrane domain may comprise one or more additional amino acids adjacent to a transmembrane domain, for example, one or more(e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 to 15 amino acids of the extracellular region) amino acids associated with the extracellular region of the protein from which the transmembrane domain is derived and/or with the one or more(e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 to 15 amino acids of an intracellular region) additional amino acids associated with the intracellular region of the protein from which the transmembrane domain is derived.
  • the transmembrane domain is derived from the same protein as the signaling domain, costimulatory domain or hinge domain is derived from.
  • the transmembrane domain is not derived from the same protein as any other domain of the CAR is derived from.
  • the transmembrane domain comprises the transmembrane domain of CD8 ⁇ .
  • the transmembrane domain comprises an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 16 or an amino acid sequence having about 70% or more sequence identity therewith, such as an amino acid sequence having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the transmembrane domain is directly linked to the specific recognition domain.
  • the transmembrane domain and the specific recognition domain are linked by a hinge region.
  • the hinge region comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: an Fc fragment of human CD8 ⁇ or an antibody or a functional equivalent, fragment or derivative thereof, a hinge region of human CD8 ⁇ or an antibody or a functional equivalent, fragment or derivative thereof, CH2 region of an antibody, CH3 region of an antibody, artificial spacer sequence and a combination thereof; preferably the hinge region amino acid sequence of IgG, IgD, CD8 ⁇ or CD28.
  • the hinge region comprises any one or more of:(i) an IgG4 hinge region, a CH2 region, and a CH3 region,(ii) an IgG4 hinge region,(iii) an IgG4 hinge region and a CH2 region,(iv) a CD8 ⁇ hinge region,(v) an IgG1 hinge region, a CH2 region and a CH3 region,(vi) an IgG1 hinge region,(vi) an IgG1 hinge region and a CH2 region, or(vii) a combination thereof.
  • the hinge region is the hinge region of a human CD8 ⁇ .
  • the hinge region comprises an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 14 or an amino acid sequence having about 70% or more sequence identity therewith, such as an amino acid sequence having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the CAR further comprises a signal peptide.
  • the signal peptide(SP) is located at the N-terminal of the protein and carries information of protein secretion, which participates in determining the secretion pathway and distribution of the protein.
  • proteins located in the nucleus, mitochondria, and cytoplasm, as well as free proteins in the cytoplasm and proteins secreted or finally anchored on the cell membrane usually have different signal peptides.
  • Those skilled in the art can select a signal peptide sequence suitable for a certain protein to function through software prediction and signal peptide database.
  • the signal peptide is selected from signal peptide sequences of any secreted protein or cell membrane protein, or variants retaining the same functions thereof.
  • the signal peptide sequence is the signal peptide of CD8 ⁇ .
  • the signal peptide sequence comprises an amino acid sequence such as SEQ ID NO: 2 or an amino acid sequence having about 70% or more sequence identity therewith, for example having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the present application further provides an engineered T cell receptor(TCR) specifically recognizing BAFF-R.
  • TCR engineered T cell receptor
  • MHC major histocompatibility complex
  • T cell receptors are heterodimers composed of two distinct subunits. Normally, 95% of T cell receptors are composed of ⁇ and ⁇ subunits, and the other 5% of receptors are composed of ⁇ and ⁇ subunits. Each subunit contains two extracellular domains: a variable region and a constant region.
  • variable region of each subunit comprises at least three highly variable regions.
  • CDR3 is responsible for directly binding to the polypeptide presented by MHC
  • CDR1 of the ⁇ subunit and ⁇ subunit act on the N-terminal and C-terminal of the polypeptide respectively
  • CDR2 is involved in recognizing MHC.
  • the engineered T cell receptor comprises:
  • the engineered T cell receptor comprises:
  • the engineered TCR can specifically recognize BAFF-R presented by MHC, and bind to CD3 ⁇ / ⁇ dimer, CD3 ⁇ / ⁇ dimer and CD247 ⁇ / ⁇ or ⁇ / ⁇ dimer responsible for signaling, as well as in some embodiments, co-activating downstream signaling pathways with co-receptors.
  • the present application also provides a nucleic acid molecule encoding a receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R or a fragment thereof.
  • the receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R is the aforementioned chimeric antigen receptor; in some embodiments, the receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R is the aforementioned engineered T cell receptor.
  • the nucleic acid molecule comprises a polynucleotide sequence encoding the aforementioned chimeric antigen receptor or engineered T cell receptor or a fragment thereof.
  • the nucleic acid molecule can be DNA or RNA.
  • the nucleic acid molecule is linear, and in some embodiments, the nucleic acid molecule is circular. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid molecule is double stranded.
  • the nucleic acid molecule is single stranded. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid molecule is chemically synthesized. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid molecule comprises chemical modifications to render it more stable in the cell or in the animal body. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid molecule is synthesized by bacterial, fungal, or animal cells. In some embodiments, the nucleic acid molecule is a plasmid, viral vector, or oligonucleotide.
  • the polynucleotide sequence comprises a specific recognition domain encoding the receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R.
  • the specific recognition domain is a scFv.
  • the polynucleotide sequence comprises a DNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 3 and/or a DNA complementary thereto, or an RNA sequence corresponding or complementary thereto, or a polynucleotide sequence having about 70% or more sequence identity to the DNA or RNA sequence described in this paragraph, for example a polynucleotide sequence having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the "complementary" of nucleic acids means that two polynucleotides can hybridize under stringent conditions, and stringent hybridization means that when the two polynucleotides hybridize, each base or each nucleotide are all paired in accordance with the Watson-Crick base pairing principle, that is, A is paired with T or U, and C is paired with G or I.
  • the RNA "corresponding" to a DNA sequence refers to a ribonucleotide(RNA) sequence that is consistent with the sequence of bases in the DNA sequence and in which all T bases are replaced by U bases.
  • the nucleic acid molecule comprises a coding sequence of a membrane localization signal peptide molecule.
  • the membrane localization signal peptide is a membrane localization signal peptide of a CD8 ⁇ .
  • the coding sequence of the membrane localization signal peptide molecule comprises the DNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 and/or the DNA complementary thereto, or the RNA sequence corresponding or complementary thereto, or a polynucleotide sequence having about 70% or more sequence identity with the DNA or RNA sequence described in this paragraph, for example a polynucleotide sequence having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the nucleic acid molecule comprises a sequence encoding a hinge region.
  • the hinge region being encoded is the hinge region of a CD8 ⁇ .
  • the sequence encoding the hinge region comprises a DNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 13 and/or DNA complementary thereto, or an RNA sequence corresponding or complementary thereto, or a polynucleotide sequence having about 70% or more sequence identity to a DNA or RNA sequence as described in this paragraph, for example a polynucleotide sequence having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the nucleic acid molecule comprises a sequence encoding a signaling domain.
  • the signaling domain is the signaling domain of a CD3 ⁇ .
  • the sequence encoding the signaling domain comprises a DNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19 and/or a DNA complementary thereto, or an RNA sequence corresponding or complementary thereto, or a polynucleotide sequence having about 70% or more sequence identity to a DNA or RNA sequence as described in this paragraph, for example a polynucleotide sequence having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the nucleic acid molecule comprises a sequence encoding a costimulatory domain.
  • the costimulatory domain is the signaling domain of a 4-1BB.
  • the sequence encoding the signaling domain comprises a DNA sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 17 and/or a DNA complementary thereto, or an RNA sequence corresponding or complementary thereto, or a polynucleotide sequence having about 70% or more sequence identity to a DNA or RNA sequence as described in this paragraph, for example a polynucleotide sequence having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith.
  • the nucleic acid molecule comprises the aforementioned sequence encoding the costimulatory domain, the aforementioned sequence encoding the signaling domain, the aforementioned sequence encoding the hinge region, the aforementioned sequence encoding the membrane localization signal peptide molecule, and the aforementioned sequence encoding the specific recognition domain.
  • How to arrange the sequence comprised in the aforementioned nucleic acid molecule to make the nucleic acid molecule, and which related components to regulate expression to be added, so that after the nucleic acid molecule is introduced into the cell, and a complete receptor that specifically recognizes BAFF-R can be successfully synthesized is obvious to those skilled in the art.
  • the nucleic acid molecule sequentially comprises the polynucleotide sequences described below from the 5' end to the 3' end or polynucleotide sequences having about 70% or more sequence identity therewith, for example polynucleotide sequences having about 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more sequence identity therewith: SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 15, SEQ ID NO: 17 and SEQ ID NO: 19, wherein other sequences may be comprised between the polynucleotide sequences.
  • the present application also provides a mixture comprising multiple nucleic acid molecules.
  • the multiple nucleic acid molecules respectively comprise one or more of the following: the aforementioned sequence encoding the costimulatory domain, the aforementioned sequence encoding the signaling domain, the aforementioned sequence encoding the hinge region, the aforementioned sequence encoding the membrane localization signal peptide molecule, the aforementioned sequence encoding the specific recognition domain.
  • the mixture is co-introduced into a cell, and then a complete receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R can be synthesized.
  • An engineered immune effector cell comprising the aforementioned receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R or the aforementioned nucleic acid molecule.
  • the receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R is the aforementioned chimeric antigen receptor
  • the engineered immune effector cell is a CAR-T or CAR-NK cell.
  • the receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R is the aforementioned engineered T cell receptor, and the engineered immune effector cell is a TCR-T cell. In some embodiments, the receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R is the aforementioned engineered T cell receptor, and the engineered immune effector cell is a TCR-NK cell.
  • Virus particle, liposome, lipid nanoparticle, and pharmaceutical composition a virus particle, liposome, lipid nanoparticle, and pharmaceutical composition
  • the present application also provides a viral plasmid, wherein the packaged viral vector comprises the aforementioned chimeric antigen receptor or engineered T cell receptor and/or encodes the chimeric antigen receptor or engineered T cell receptor polynucleotide sequence.
  • the present application also provides a liposome or a lipid nanoparticle, wherein the liposome or lipid nanoparticle comprises the aforementioned receptor specifically recognizing BAFF-R a or a fragment thereof or a nucleic acid molecule encoding the receptor or the fragment thereof.
  • the present application further provides a pharmaceutical composition, which comprises a therapeutically effective amount of one or more selected from the group consisting of: the aforementioned chimeric antigen receptor, the aforementioned T cell receptor, the aforementioned nucleic acid molecule, the aforementioned engineered immune effector cell, the aforementioned viral particle, liposome, and lipid nanoparticle.
  • the pharmaceutical composition further comprises a suitable excipient, a carrier, and/or a stabilizer.
  • the acceptable carrier, excipient or stabilizer is nontoxic to recipients at the dosages and concentrations employed, and comprises, for example, a buffer such as phosphate, citrate or acetate, usually at a pH of 5.0 to 8.0, optionally 6.0 to 7.0; a salt to achieve isotonicity, such as a sodium chloride, potassium chloride, etc.; an antioxidant; a preservative; a low molecular weight polypeptide; a proteins; a hydrophilic polymer, such as a polysorbate 80; an amino acid, such as a glycine; a carbohydrate; a chelating agent; a sugar; and other standard ingredients known to those skilled in the art( Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 22nd Ed., Loyd V Allen et al. eds. Pharmaceutical Press(2012 )).
  • a buffer such as phosphate, citrate or acetate, usually at a pH of 5.0 to 8.0, optionally 6.0 to 7.0
  • the present application further discloses a method for treating or preventing a disease or symptom of a subject in need, the method comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of the aforementioned pharmaceutical composition, and the disease being selected from diseases caused by imbalances of the cellular BAFF-BAFF-R signaling pathway.
  • the method further comprises administering to the subject a second therapeutic agent, such as a monoclonal antibody capable of binding to the antigen CD20, a monoclonal antibody capable of binding to CD19, a monoclonal antibody capable of binding to an immune checkpoint, such as PD-1/PD-L1, or an engineered immune effector cell capable of targeting CD20, CD19, or PD-L1, etc.
  • the disease is any one selected from the group consisting of: autoimmune diseases, graft versus host diseases, or tumors.
  • the disease is a cancer.
  • the cancer is a lymphoma, leukemia or myeloma.
  • the cancer is a lymphoma.
  • the lymphoma is a mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, or Burkitt's lymphoma.
  • the cancer is a leukemia.
  • the leukemia is a lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia or hairy cell leukemia.
  • the cancer is a myeloma.
  • the myeloma is a multiple myeloma.
  • the disease is an autoimmune disease.
  • the autoimmune disease is a rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, glomerulonephritis, Sjögren's syndrome, or autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
  • the present application also provides a method for inhibiting cell proliferation.
  • the method comprises contacting the cells with a pharmaceutical composition as provided herein, thereby forming contacted cells.
  • the anti-BAFF-R receptor or its functional fragments are combined with the BAFF-R protein on the cells to inhibit cell proliferation.
  • the cells are lymphocytes.
  • the cells are B cells or cancer cells.
  • the cells are lymphoma cells.
  • treating or preventing a disease or condition refers to methods of obtaining beneficial or desired results, including clinical results.
  • Beneficial or desired clinical results may include, but are not limited to: alleviation or amelioration of one or more symptoms or conditions; lessening the extent of a condition, disorder or disease; stabilizing the state of a condition, disorder or disease; preventing the development of a condition, disorder or disease; preventing the spread of a condition, disorder or disease; delaying or slowing the progression of a condition, disorder or disease; delaying or slowing the onset of a condition, disorder or disease; ameliorating or palliating of a condition, disorder or disease state; or turning better.
  • Treating can also mean prolonging the survival of a subject beyond expected survival in the absence of treatment. Treating can also mean inhibiting the progression of a condition, disorder or disease, temporarily slowing the progression of a condition, disorder or disease, but in some cases involving permanently stopping the progression of a condition, disorder or disease.
  • the present invention constructs an anti-BAFF-R chimeric antigen receptor(H90-11 CAR, which comprises the heavy chain variable region and light chain variable region of the H90-11 mAb monoclonal antibody shown by the disclosure of the US application: US 2021/0261676A1 , the content of the disclosure of the US application US 2021/0261676A1 is incorporated herein by reference), as shown in the schematic diagram of the structure in FIG.
  • the chimeric antigen receptor comprises a signal peptide sequence(Leader) of a CD8 ⁇ , a single-chain antibody sequence(scFv) specifically binding to the BAFF-R antigen, a hinge region(Hinge) and a transmembrane domain sequence(Transmembrane) of a human CD8 ⁇ , and a 4-1BB costimulatory domain sequence and a CD3 ⁇ signaling domain sequence.
  • the specific sequence of each part is as follows, and the specific sequence is shown in Table 1:
  • the anti-BAFF-R H90-11 CAR lentiviral expression vector pCDH-EF1a-1490-11CAR- 4-1BB-EGFRt and the control EGFRt CAR lentiviral expression vector pCDH-EF1a-EGFRt- AT-Free(delete T2A) were both synthesized and constructed by Nanjing GenScript Company, the specific experimental steps were as follows: The anti-BAFF-R scFv gene sequence was synthesized by Nanjing GenScript Company, and the synthesized scFv gene sequence was inserted into the pCDH-EF1a-4-1BB-EGFRt vector(Nanjing GenScript, order number: C046EEE310), the anti-BAFF-R chimeric antigen receptor lentiviral expression vector pCDH-EF1a-H90-11CAR-4-1BB-EGFRt(Nanjing GenScript, order number: C9401FG210) was obtained, and the carrier map is shown in FIG. 2 .
  • pCDH-EF1a-T2A-EGFRt (provided by iCarTab) lentiviral expression vector
  • EGFRt cannot be expressed normally due to a frameshift mutation.
  • T2A in the pCDH-EF1a-T2A-EGFRt vector was deleted to obtain the control EGFRt CAR lentiviral expression vector pCDH-EF1a-EGFRt-AT-Free(delete T2A)(constructed by Nanjing GenScript), vector map see FIG. 3 .
  • Example 3 Lentivirus packaging and titer determination
  • Thrawing 293T cells and adjusting the cell state to the logarithmic growth phase Taking a new 6-well plate, inoculating 293T cells at 8 ⁇ 10 5 cells per well, supplementing the medium to a final volume of 2 mL, placing the 6-well plate in a 37°C, 5% CO 2 incubator, and culturing overnight. Adding the concentrated lentivirus to the aforementioned 6-well plate in an amount of 50 ⁇ L, and polybrene(Sigma, Cat. No.: 107689-10G) at a final concentration of 6 ⁇ g/mL at the same time, and returning the 6-well plate to a 37°C, 5% CO 2 incubator, and continually culturing for 48 hours.
  • Table 3 The sequences and fluorophores of the primers used are shown in Table 3 below.
  • Table 3 Primer name Sequence message (5'-3') Probe fluorophore LTR F TGACAGCCGCCTAGCATTTC(SEQ ID NO: 21) LTR R GCTCGATATCAGCAGTTCTTGAAG(SEQ ID NO: 22) LTR Probe CACGTGGCCCGAGAGCTGCATC(SEQ ID NO: 23) 5'-FAM-BHQ1-3' ALB F GCTGTCATCTCTTGTGGGCTGT(SEQ ID NO: 24) ALB R ACTCATGGGAGCTGCTGGTTC(SEQ ID NO: 25) ALB Probe CCTGTCATGCCCACACAAATCTCTCC(SEQ ID NO: 26) 5'-FAM-BHQ1-3'
  • Table 5 Virus name Activity titer(TU/mL) pCDH-EFIa-H90-11CAR-4-1BB-EGFRt Lentivirus 1.77 ⁇ 10 8 pCDH-EF1a-EGFRt-AT-Free(delete T2A) Lentivirus 1.6 ⁇ 10 8
  • FITC-Anti-EGFR antibody (iCARTAB, Cat. No.: IAB006A)(final concentration 10 ⁇ g/mL) to incubate with H90-11 CAR-T(T cells infected with pCDH-EFIa-H90- 11CAR-4-1BB-EGFRt lentivirus ) and EGFRt CAR-T cells(T cells infected with pCDH-EF1a-EGFRt- AT-Free(delete T2A) lentivirus) for 30 minutes at room temperature in the dark, and detecting the expression of EGFRt with flow cytometry.
  • H90-11 CAR-T cells express both EGFRt protein and anti-BAFF-R CAR molecules, and the positive rate is basically the same; while EGFRt CAR-T cells only express EGFRt protein but not anti-BAFF-R CAR molecules, indicating that both H90-11 CAR-T and EGFRt CAR-T cells were successfully prepared.
  • Nalm6-luciferase cells are acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells highly expressing human BAFF-R, which are cells overexpressing Luciferase(luciferase) obtained by lentiviral infection of Nalm6 cells(purchased from Genio Biotech).
  • the cytotoxicity experiment of H90-11 CAR-T cells to Nalm6-luciferase target cells was detected with Luciferase detection kit(Promega, Cat. No.: E2610), and EGFRt CAR-T cells were used as a control.
  • the specific steps are as follows: Resuspending Nalm6-luciferase target cells in complete medium(RPMI1640+10% FBS), inoculating target cells into 96-well plates at 2 ⁇ 10 4 cells/well, placing them in a 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator, and culturing overnight. Collecting the prepared CAR-T cells by centrifugation and resuspending them in 1640 medium with 10% FBS. Taking the 96-well plates out of the incubator, removing the medium in the wells, and washing the cells gently once with sterile PBS.
  • Lysis% 1 ⁇ RLU _ Sample / RLU _ Max ⁇ 100 %
  • the results are shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the killing effect of H90-11 CAR-T cells on Nalm6-luciferase cells expressing BAFF-R is much higher than that of EGFRt CAR-T group, and when the effective target ratios are 0.5:1, 1: 1.
  • the killing rates of H90-11 CAR-T on target cells are 62.7%, 83.1%, 95.4%, 98.9, and 99.7%, respectively
  • the killing rates of the EGFRt CAR-T group on target cells are 2.1%, 10.5%, 10.5%, 18.1, 24.7%, respectively.
  • the chimeric antigen receptor T cell targeting BAFF-R prepared by the method of the present invention has strong tumor killing ability.
  • the expression levels of IL-2 and IFN- ⁇ in the co-culture supernatant of Nalm6-luciferase of target cells and prepared CAR-T cells were detected by ELISA method, and the specific experimental steps were as follows: Resuspending Nalm6-luciferase target cells in complete medium, seeding them into 96-well plates at 2 ⁇ 10 4 /well, and culturing them overnight in a 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator. Using recombinant H90-11 CAR-T cells and EGFRt CAR-T cells as effector cells respectively to establish co-culture systems of effector cells and target cells, and the effect-to-target ratios were 0.5:1, 1:1, 2.5:1, 5:1 and 10:1, setting up duplicated holes.
  • Results are shown in FIG.7A (IL-2) and 7B(IFN- ⁇ ), in the supernatant of Nalm6-luciferase cells expressing BAFF-R co-cultured with H90-11 CAR-T, the cytokine levels of IL-2 and IFN- ⁇ cell are significantly higher than that in the EGFRt CAR-T group, and are increased in a gradient manner.
  • the results show that H90-11 CAR-T cells can secrete Th1 type cytokines under the stimulation of target cells expressing BAFF-R.
  • the acute lymphoblastic leukemia Nalm6-luciferase cell line was xenografted into an NSG mouse model to evaluate the in vivo activity of H90-11 CAR-T.
  • 20 NSG mice aged 6-8 weeks(purchased from Beijing Biocytogen Biotechnology Co., Ltd.)(body weight 18-22g) were taken, and after one week of adaptation, Nalm6-luciferase was inoculated via the tail veins, and each mouse was inoculated with 1 ⁇ 10 6 tumor cells. 5 days after inoculation of tumor cells in the tail vein, the first in vivo imaging was performed, and the imaging effect was not satisfactory. 8 days after inoculation, mice with unsuccessful modeling were excluded from subsequent experimental groups.
  • mice were grouped according to the in vivo imaging results, and the mice were randomly divided into two groups, with 8 mice in each group, and 2.25 ⁇ 10 6 H90-11 CAR-T cells or EGFRt CAR-T cells were infused through the tail vein, and the mice were injected intraperitoneally with D-luciferin(Shanghai Lechen, Cat. No.: BC219-10) every 7 days and the mice were anesthetized using a gas anesthesia machine at the same time. Tumor live imaging data were collected, and the body weight changes of the mice were recorded and the survival curve of the mice was drawn.
  • the small animal in vivo imaging equipment was used to conduct in vivo imaging observations.
  • the imaging results are shown in FIG. 8A
  • the absolute luminescence curve drawn is shown in FIG. 8B .
  • H90-11 CAR-T had a significant killing effect on tumor cells; after CAR-T cell infusion on the 8th day, compared with the EGFRt CAR-T infusion control group, the increase in tumor burden(absolute luminescence) of mice in the H90-11 CAR-T infusion group slowed down from the infusion to the 15th day, and the tumor burden decreased rapidly after the 15th day.
  • mice infused with EGFRt CAR-T control cells was comparable to that of mice infused with H90-11 CAR-T cells; the slowly increase of mice body weight was maintained during the test, indicating that CAR-T cell infusion do not cause severe toxic reactions.

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EP22804030.9A 2021-05-19 2022-05-19 Molécule de récepteur antigénique chimérique pour reconnaître de manière spécifique baff-r et utilisation d'une molécule de récepteur antigénique chimérique Pending EP4342913A1 (fr)

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