EP4327043A1 - Système anti-torpille - Google Patents

Système anti-torpille

Info

Publication number
EP4327043A1
EP4327043A1 EP22722869.9A EP22722869A EP4327043A1 EP 4327043 A1 EP4327043 A1 EP 4327043A1 EP 22722869 A EP22722869 A EP 22722869A EP 4327043 A1 EP4327043 A1 EP 4327043A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
torpedo
munition
water
fuze
target
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22722869.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andrew Michael Carr
Richard Peter LEWIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BAE Systems PLC
Original Assignee
BAE Systems PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BAE Systems PLC filed Critical BAE Systems PLC
Publication of EP4327043A1 publication Critical patent/EP4327043A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G9/00—Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels against submarines, torpedoes, or mines
    • B63G9/02—Means for protecting vessels against torpedo attack
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B15/00—Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles
    • F42B15/22—Missiles having a trajectory finishing below water surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B21/00—Depth charges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to anti torpedo defeat system, and more particularly to a ship based anti torpedo defeat system as a final close range neutralisation system and method.
  • Munitions are provided in a number of different forms, for a number of different applications. Typically, a particular munition will be used for a particular application or intention. Incoming torpedoes are typically prevented by barriers, or by anti-torpedo torpedoes.
  • anti- torpedo torpedoes for example deck-launched torpedoes launched from the deck of a vessel, or those launched from a nearby submarine, helicopter or airplane.
  • the use of torpedoes might overcome some of the problems discussed above with regard to range, mainly because torpedoes are self-propelled. However, torpedoes may be slow to deploy. Additionally, it may be difficult to engage with the torpedo at close range, ie time to deploy or from simultaneously launched torpedoes.
  • an anti-torpedo system suitable for use on a ship, comprising operably linked; i) a combat management system comprising a high frequency hull mounted sonar, to determine the current position and track ( depth and underwater trajectory) of a torpedo, ii) a plurality of direct fire munitions, each comprising an ogive portion terminating with a water drag reduction element, an energetic payload and a programmable fuze for initiating said payload, iii) an auto-fuze setting system, for setting the time of initiation of the programmable fuze, and iv) a gun management system for: receiving the current position and track of said torpedo from the combat management system, and aiming and firing of said munitions, based on the received position and track of the torpedo, such as to cause each fired munition to arrive at or proximate to said torpedo and to cause initiation of the payload.
  • a combat management system comprising a high frequency hull mounted sonar, to determine
  • the gun management system may comprises at least one gun barrel, a fire control system to fire the munition from said gun, an aiming system to control the direction of the gun barrel.
  • the gun management system determines the aim of said gun barrel, based on the current position, ie depth and track of the torpedo.
  • the gun management system causes the activation of the fire control system to fire said each direct fire munition to cause each fired munition to arrive at or proximate to said torpedo and to cause initiation (ie detonation) of the payload.
  • the combat management system comprises the high frequency hull mounted sonar as the primary means of target acquisition and tracking, however further target acquisition systems may be used, especially when trying to determine the nature of the torpedo.
  • the combat management is operably linked to a target deconfliction system, to ensure the identified target is said torpedo.
  • the direct fire munition may have any calibre of munition that comprises a fuse and HE charge, preferably the calibre in the range of 12.7mm to 40mm. Larger calibre systems would work but offer low rates of fire, and systems like 4 or 5inch naval shells, are designed for deployment at multiple km ranges, rather than sub-km. Further, 4 or 5inch naval shells may have explosive outputs that when fired nearby could cause extensive blast damage to the ship or platform.
  • the medium calibre munitions provide gun systems which can return rapid rates of fire from at least a few hundred rounds per minute, up to thousands at the 12.7mm range.
  • the munition launch criteria may comprise at least one of launch timings and fuze settings.
  • the second ship or platform may be part of a fleet, it may be an autonomous vessel.
  • the ammunition comprises the water drag reduction element, which may be selected from any means such as an active element or passive element.
  • the passive element may be surface, ie a shape which causes the water to change to a more gaseous state.
  • the water drag reduction element may be a supercavitating surface feature, arranged to vaporise the water.
  • the water drag reduction element may comprise an active element, such as for example a gas generator, shaped charge, arranged to provide the energetic displacement of the water, for reducing water drag for the projectile into a body of water.
  • an active element such as for example a gas generator, shaped charge, arranged to provide the energetic displacement of the water, for reducing water drag for the projectile into a body of water.
  • the anti-torpedo system may be operated at the highest rate of fire for the given munition type. Alternatively, the system may be operated to allow an additive blast effect at the target torpedo. In use there may be a first munition and a second munition, co-ordinating the timing of the triggering of the first explosive charge in the first munition and the second explosive charge in the second munition to establish a co-ordinated explosive event at the target torpedo.
  • the programmable fuze may preferably be operated using a delay timer to provide initiation of said fuze at a timing to coincide with the munitions expected arrival at the target torpedo. It may also be advantageous for the fuze to be further adapted to trigger the payload in accordance with one or more of: after a predetermined time period after entering the water; upon detection of a target sonar signature; upon detection of a target magnetic signature; upon detection of a target electric field signature; at a predetermined pressure under the water surface; at a predetermined depth under the water surface; at a predetermined speed-of-sound in water; or upon impact with said torpedo under the water surface.
  • selected munitions being selectively programmed to respond to different stimuli, may increase the ability of the munition to effectively neutralise the target torpedo.
  • the selection of the trigger stimuli being selected by determination of the target type, depth, position and track.
  • the neutralisation of the target torpedo is any event which prevents the torpedo from reaching its intended target and detonating its payload to cause damage to said intended target.
  • the neutralisation may be, but not limited to a variety of events, such as, for example, the detonation of the torpedo’s payload, the rupture of fuel tanks, neutralising the torpedo’s homing sensors to disorientate, masking or obscuring the presence of the ship from the torpedo’s sensors, incapacitating the drive, steering or propulsion system to inhibit its manoeuvrability or damaging the buoyancy of the torpedo to cause it to sink.
  • Co-ordinating the timing of the triggering of the first explosive charge and the second explosive charge to establish a co-ordinated explosive event at the torpedo may comprise coordinating munition launch criteria.
  • any one or more features described in relation to any one aspect may be used in combination with, or in place of, any one or more features of any one or more other aspects of the invention, unless such replacement or combination would be understood by the skilled person to be mutually exclusive, after reading of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 1 schematically depicts a vessel launching a munition (or, generally, a projectile) from a gun barrel;
  • Figure 2 schematically depicts the munition launched by the vessel of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 schematically depicts the munition of Figures 1 and 2 being directed towards a body of water, in accordance with an example arrangement
  • Figure 4 schematically depicts how a fuze of the munition of Figures 1 to 3 may be adapted to initiate a main, explosive, charge of a munition, under the water, in accordance with particular criteria, according to example arrangements;
  • Figure 5 schematically depicts a component for reducing water drag as forming part of the munition or projectile, in accordance with a different arrangement
  • Figure 6 schematically depicts a component for reducing water drag as forming part of the munition or projectile, in accordance with a different example arrangement
  • Figure 7 schematically depicts general methodology associated with reducing water drag for a projectile entering water, in accordance with example arrangements.
  • an anti-torpedo system can be provided.
  • the munition comprises an explosive charge and a programmable fuze.
  • the munition is adapted to be fired directly into the water at the incoming threat.
  • the munition is adapted to be launched from a gun barrel.
  • the munition typically (and practically likely) includes, or is at least used in conjunction with, a propelling explosive, and is capable of being explosively propelled and withstanding such explosive propulsion. This is in contrast with, for example, an anti-torpedo torpedo.
  • the munition is adapted to be launched and then enter a body of water, typically within which body of water a torpedo target to be engaged with is located.
  • the fuze of the munition is adapted to trigger the explosive charge of the munition underwater, for example in accordance with pre-set criteria.
  • the use of a gun barrel also ensures high degree of accuracy of ranging and general targeting.
  • the invention is subtle but powerful.
  • the invention is subtle because it perhaps takes advantage of some existing technologies, in the form of firing a munition from a gun barrel.
  • the munition will typically be a projectile, therefore including no form of self-propulsion.
  • This means that the munition is relatively simple and inexpensive. Altogether then, this means that the munition according to example arrangements can be used to accurately, cheaply, effectively, and generally efficiently engage with the torpedo.
  • a munition that is capable of being launched from a gun barrel means that multiple munitions can be launched very quickly in succession from the same gun barrel, or in succession and/or in parallel from multiple gun barrels, optionally from different ships or platforms, or optionally being targeted onto or into the same location or vicinity at or proximate to the target torpedo.
  • munitions or in general projectiles launched from a gun barrel will, of course, be adapted for launch from such a gun barrel (e.g. and therefore able to survive that launch with little or no damage), there may nevertheless be a need to facilitate safe or effective entry of the munition into a body of water. This is because the munition may impact that body of water with considerable speed and impact. For a medium calibre direct fire munition it is not desirable to consider soft entry, ie to slow the munition prior to entry into the water. Clearly hard entry causes impact with the water which may cause damage to, or destruction of, the munition, or initiation of the payload, which is undesirable.
  • This risk needs to be balanced with the need to maintain a ballistic, or as close to ballistic, or as close to a predictable, trajectory as possible, so that any targeting of the target torpedo, or co-ordination of targeting of a target torpedo with one or multiple munitions, can be implemented in a practical, reliable and consistent manner.
  • FIG. 1 schematically depicts a system 1 in accordance with an example arrangement.
  • the assembly comprises a vessel 2 located on a body of water 4.
  • the vessel comprises a gun 6 having a gun barrel 8.
  • the vessel comprises a high frequency hull mounted sonar 7, optionally other detectors may be used, to detect the presence of the target torpedo.
  • a munition 10 is shown as being explosively launched from the barrel 8 directly into the water 4 towards the target torpedo 5
  • Figure 2 shows the munition 10 of Figure 1 in more detail.
  • the munition 10 comprises a fuze system 20, in this example located in a nose or head of the munition 10.
  • the munition 10 also comprises an explosive charge 22.
  • the fuze system 20 is arranged to trigger the explosives charge 22, when the munition 10 is in the water, and at a suitable target location (e.g. at a target object, or target region of water), or for example meeting certain triggering criteria.
  • the munition 10 Prior to being fired, the munition 10 (or more particularly its fuze system 20) is programmed.
  • the programming might take place within the gun, within the barrel, or even within a particular range after launch of the munition 10, for example by wireless transmission or similar.
  • the programming might be undertaken to implement or change particular fuze criteria, for example to trigger the explosives charge 22 within the munition 10 in accordance with particular criteria.
  • the munition 10 will comprise a fuze system 20 that is programmable in nature. In other words, the fuze system 20 is able to be programmed or configured as desired.
  • the criteria for triggering the charge 22 can take one or more of a number of different forms, for example: after a predetermined time period after the munition has entered the water; upon detection of a target sonar signature; upon detection of a target magnetic signature; upon detection of a target electric field signature; at a predetermined pressure under the water surface; at a predetermined depth under the water surface; at a predetermined salinity of water; at a predetermined temperature of water; at a predetermined speed-of-sound in the water; or upon impact with a target under the water surface. All of these are environmental conditions.
  • the triggering, or timing of that triggering might also relate to the reception of a co-ordinating data signal, for example received from another munition, or an object different to (i.e. not including) another munition, for example to co-ordinate the triggering of the explosive charges of multiple munitions and establish a co-ordinated explosive event.
  • the munition may be arranged to be launched from a rifled gun barrel.
  • the munition may be fin-stabilised. The exact configuration would be dependent on the required application.
  • the munition may be fired from the barrel by a mechanical firing pin, electric or thermal ignition.
  • munition properties e.g. size, weight, shape, component parts, and so on
  • firing specifications e.g. explosive propulsion, launch angle
  • torpedo may be heading towards the vessel, there may need to be care as to ensure that at very acute angles that the gun does not fire munitions at the deck of the vessel.
  • FIG 3 shows an overview of the system, which is split into 3 interconnected levels; the ship level systems 200, the gun level systems 210 and the projectile level systems 220.
  • the centre of the ship level systems is the combat management system 230. This takes information from the high frequency desk mounted sonar and any other target acquisition systems to identify and locate the incoming torpedo. Information is then exchanged with the target deconfliction system 240 to minimise the chance of friendly fire from occurring.
  • the gun level systems 210 Once the target has been identified, is in range and no friendly units are in the line of fire then the information is passed to the gun level systems 210.
  • the key information will be the torpedo location, depth and velocity.
  • the gun management system will then aim the weapon in the correct direction (taking into account any deflection of the projectile’s path due to striking to water’s surface) and will calculate an appropriate fuze timer delay.
  • the combat management system may be linked to one or more gun level systems, either on the ship or one on or more further platforms.
  • the fuze may be configured to detonate at the same depth as the torpedo using the following information:
  • the depth of the torpedo from the combat management system is the depth of the torpedo from the combat management system.
  • the angle of incidence of the projectile onto the water from the aiming subsystem/gun management system is the angle of incidence of the projectile onto the water from the aiming subsystem/gun management system.
  • the time delay required will be constantly changing as the torpedo progresses and the angle of the gun fire changes. Therefore so the system will be configured to individually set the fuze of every projectile just prior to/at the point of firing/at the point of exit from the barrel. Once the fuze is set and gun is pointing in the correct direction the fire control system will fire the round.
  • Figure 4 shows the munition 10 after it has impacted upon and entered into the body of water 4, and is descending down through the water 4.
  • the fuze system of the munition 10 may be adapted to trigger 40 an explosive charge within the munition 10 to successfully and effectively engage with the torpedo target 42.
  • the triggering 40 might be achieved by triggering the explosives charge after a particular time 44, for example from one or more of a combination of launch from the gun barrel as described above, and/or a predetermined time period after entering the water 4 (e.g. an environmental condition). This latter time period will typically equate to a particular depth 46 within the water 4 (e.g. based on expected or calculated rate of descent).
  • the triggering 40 may occur at the particular depth 46 in combination with or irrespective of the timing 44.
  • an alternative or additional approach might involve the direct detection of depth (via one or more sensors or similar). Depth may detected based on time, as above, or perhaps based on water pressure under the surface, the salinity of the water, the temperature of the water or even the predetermined speed-of-sound in the water. All of these may be indicative of depth within the water, for example which had been known in advance from mapping of the area, from physics principles, and/or sensed by the munition 10 via one or more sensors when descending through the water 4.
  • the fuze may also be adapted to trigger the explosives charge upon impact with the torpedo target 42.
  • it may be safer to employ some form of depth-activation, so that the munition 10 explodes at/near the depth of the torpedo target 42, avoiding possible unintentional explosions at or near objects that are not torpedo targets 42.
  • the fuze may be programme with such criteria, or related criteria necessary for the fuze to trigger 40 the explosive as and when intended.
  • the triggering of the fuze 10 will almost certainly be based on an environmental condition of some kind, for example one or more of the conditions described above, including a period of time for which the munition 10 has been in the water.
  • environmental conditions including such as, for example, detection of a target sonar signature, detection of a target magnetic signature, detection of a target electric field signature, and so on.
  • the triggering of the explosives charge might advantageously require an environmental trigger of some kind.
  • triggering criteria might be provided, for example in the fuze system of the ignition, or programmed into the munition, an element of environmental sensing or triggering is required. Additionally, this might assist in the co-ordination of the triggering of explosives charges of multiple munitions when located underwater, to establish a co-ordinated explosive event at a target location, for example a particular pattern of explosions relative to that target location, and/or where the munitions explode at the same time, or in a particular sequence, and so on.
  • FIG. 5 schematically depicts a projectile 140 according to an example arrangement.
  • the projectile might comprise a fuze system and related explosive charge as discussed above.
  • the component for reducing water drag is located in a nose or head of the projectile 140.
  • the component comprises a gas generator 144 arranged to eject gas from an outlet 146, typically at a location of the projectile 140 that is to come into first contact with the water at a location 148 of water entry.
  • the gas generator 144 might take any one of a number of different forms, and could advantageously comprise a rocket motor which is a relatively simply, straightforward and effective element for generating bubbles in water.
  • the gas generator 144 might be initiated during flight of the projectile 140, for example just before impact with the region 148 of water 4. Bubbles generated by the generator 144 will adhere to or generally move along an outer surface of the projectile 140, meaning that the projectile 140 enters the water 4 at the target location 148 more readily, and more smoothly, thus ensuring that an expected or predicted trajectory is maintained, or better maintained than if the gas generator 144 was not used. Bubbles might also simply be provided ahead of the projectile 140, for much the same benefit.
  • Figure 6 shows an alternative example of projectile 150 in which a nose or head 152 of the projectile comprises a component for interacting with the water 4 in the form of a charge, and typically a shaped charge 154.
  • the charge 154 may be triggered to detonate or explode just before impact with target location 148 of the body of water 4, to at least partially vaporise the water or more generally introduce bubbles in the location 148, to soften water entry for the projectile.
  • FIG. 7 shows a yet further example of a projectile 160.
  • a head or nose 162 of the projectile 160 is provided with a supercavitating surface feature 164, arranged to vaporise the water at the target location when the projectile and its surface feature 164 comes into contact with that target location 148.
  • the supercavitating surface feature 164 might comprise one or more supercavitating grooves, which are simplistic surface features useful for introducing the required vaporisation of the water, and associated reduction in water drag for the projectile 160 as a whole.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un aspect de l'invention, l'invention concerne un système anti-torpille, approprié pour une utilisation sur un navire, comprenant un système de gestion de combat relié de manière opérationnelle comprenant un sonar haute fréquence monté sur la coque, pour déterminer la position actuelle et la trajectoire (profondeur et trajectoire sous-marine) d'une torpille, une pluralité de munitions (à tir direct), comprenant chacun une partie ogive se terminant par un élément de réduction de traînée d'eau, une charge utile énergétique et une fusée programmable pour initier ladite charge utile, un système de mise en place de fusée automatique, pour régler le temps d'initiation de la fusée programmable, et un système de gestion de pistolet pour : la réception de la position actuelle et de la trajectoire de ladite torpille à partir du système de gestion de combat, et la visée et la mise à feu desdites munitions, sur la base de la position et de la piste reçues de la torpille, de manière à amener chaque munition tirée à arriver au niveau de ladite torpille ou à proximité de celle-ci et à provoquer la détonation de la charge utile.
EP22722869.9A 2021-04-19 2022-04-07 Système anti-torpille Pending EP4327043A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2105538.9A GB2605967A (en) 2021-04-19 2021-04-19 Defeat system
PCT/GB2022/050870 WO2022223942A1 (fr) 2021-04-19 2022-04-07 Système anti-torpille

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4327043A1 true EP4327043A1 (fr) 2024-02-28

Family

ID=76377657

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22722869.9A Pending EP4327043A1 (fr) 2021-04-19 2022-04-07 Système anti-torpille

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20240182145A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4327043A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2022261459A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3216829A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2605967A (fr)
WO (1) WO2022223942A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4215630A (en) * 1978-03-06 1980-08-05 General Dynamics Corporation Pomona Division Anti-ship torpedo defense missile
US8151710B2 (en) * 2007-03-27 2012-04-10 Lockheed Martin Corporation Surface ship, deck-launched anti-torpedo projectile
DE102008046432A1 (de) * 2008-09-09 2010-03-11 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Abwehr von sich einem Schiff unter oder auf dem Wasser nähernden Objekten
KR102705635B1 (ko) * 2018-12-19 2024-09-10 배 시스템즈 피엘시 탄환 및 발사체

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20240182145A1 (en) 2024-06-06
WO2022223942A1 (fr) 2022-10-27
GB2605967A (en) 2022-10-26
AU2022261459A1 (en) 2023-10-26
GB202105538D0 (en) 2021-06-02
CA3216829A1 (fr) 2022-10-27

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